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A four‐stage CMOS operational amplifier is proposed in this work. The designed amplifier is frequency compensated via two differential blocks and two Miller capacitors. Unlike well‐known frequency compensation methods, the proposed compensation leaves the output node while exploiting extremely smaller capacitors compared to conventional approaches. The presented approach is modeled symbolically and realized at the circuit level via the Hspice circuit simulator and 0.18 μm CMOS technology. Good agreements between two separate simulation paths verify the validity and accuracy of the proposed approach. Ample simulation results are reported to investigate the proposed amplifier regarding parameter mismatches. According to the simulation results, the proposed four‐stage amplifier is an excellent candidate to be used in larger systems such as data converters, modulators, and sensors while it shows more than 169 dB as DC‐gain, 10 MHz as unity gain frequency with power consumption less than 500 μW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spirituality-centered cognitive therapy refers to the way in which people search for and express the meaning and purpose of their lives, as well as experience connection with themselves, others, nature, and spirituality. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of spirituality-centered cognitive therapy on body image, sexual function, disease perception, and disturbing thoughts in women after mastectomy. This was semi-experimental research, which was conducted via a pre-test–post-test method and had a control group. The samples included 85 women with breast cancer who had undergone mastectomy, and, based on the inclusion criteria, 78 individuals were randomly selected and were then divided into two groups (39 individuals in the intervention group and 39 individuals in the control group). The intervention group received eight 120 min sessions of spirituality-centered cognitive therapy, and the control group did not receive any training. Data were collected using questionnaires on illness perception, body image, sexual function, and rumination and were then analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance with repeated measurements using SPSS-24. Before the training, there was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in the scores obtained by the scales. After the intervention, the mean scores in all scales except sexual function were significantly different from the control group. Therefore, spirituality-centered cognitive therapy may be useful for improving negative psychological symptoms among women in Iran with breast cancer after mastectomy surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A delay lock loop is a key element in circuits such as clock synchronization, clock and data clock recovery. In this paper, new structures for phase frequency detector (PFD), charge pump (CP) and delay cell for low power applications are presented. A dynamic PFD based on a CMOS inverter is proposed which has low power consumption and its operating frequency range is wide. The proposed CP is based on gate-driven and positive feedback techniques with good current matching. The delay cell uses the bulk-driven technique and has less power consumption than the conventional structure. To assess the performance of the proposed structures, some simulations are performed in a 0.18 μm CMOS process with a supply voltage of 1.8 V. The simulation results show higher efficiency of the proposed structures than the existing structures in terms of accuracy and power consumption. The simulation results show that the maximum operating frequency of the PFD is 2 GHz. The mismatch between up and down currents of the CP is less than 0.3%. The power consumption of the proposed delay cell is 25% less than the conventional structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most common methods to observe the indicators of hydatid cyst disease in human societies is to check the annual occurrence rate of confirmed cases in health centers or cases that have undergone surgery. Kenny disease applied Cystic Echinococcosis (CE). The main goal of this study is to systematically review statistical data related to CE between 2003 and 2023 in Fars province, one of the most populated provinces in the southwest of Iran. The results show that the highest prevalence of serology and surgery in this province is related to the age group below 50 years. Among the 299 positive cases detected by ELISA in serology, the prevalence rate among men is 55.85% and 44.14% among women. In 905 surgical cases, 51.60% were men, and 48.4% were women. In general, the obtained results show no significant relationship between the genders of people, but there is a relationship between age and the prevalence of the disease. The changes in this disease during these 20 years have not fluctuated much, and from this point of view, better measures can be taken to control this disease. Teaching the life cycle and transmission methods of this parasitic disease to humans in human societies is very important in preventing this parasitic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The occurrence of hotspots in photovoltaic panels is one of the most common problems of solar power plants, which reduces the output power of photovoltaic arrays and can also cause irreparable damage to the solar cells. There are several ways to identify hotspots, including using custom datasets using thermographic camera images, which will be later used to teach YOLO and Faster R-CNN computer vision algorithms. In practice, it is observed that the YOLO algorithm is many times faster than the Faster R-CNN in high-density solar panels. Therefore, the applied method is the safest choice for automatic hotspot detection in large-scale photovoltaic power plants to improve overall efficiency. In this paper, by comparing the performance of methods such as Faster R-CNN with YOLO, we concluded that the YOLO algorithm has far better advantages in terms of quality of detection, and speed. Therefore, this factor makes the use of YOLO significantly helps to speed up the troubleshooting of solar modules caused by hotspots, and this factor improves the efficiency of solar power plants in the long run. Meanwhile, in the studies for this paper, the results extracted by Python have been optimized as an algorithm to be used for hotspot detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Appropriate priority setting in public health and biomedical research is crucial to make decisions for resource allocation and prioritizing the projects. We studied the research gaps and identified priorities for biomedical research in Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences (SabUMS), located in Sabzevar city in the northeastern part of Iran. Materials & Methods: we used both qualitative and quantitative approaches to determine the public health problems and health research priorities. The processes for priority setting included preparation, problem finding, idea generation, data cleaning and statement development, ranking, and dissemination. We used qualitative research and quantitative surveys for problem findings. We organized two workshops with researchers and public health authorities of Sabzevar city for idea generation, defining criteria for priority setting, and ranking of the research ideas. We used national and international recommendations to prepare a list of research priorities in the region for COVID-19. Results: The criteria for priority setting were concerns of the community, magnitude, and urgency of the problem. In addition, feasibility, the possibility of regional and international research collaboration, and the availability of the infrastructure and capacity to conduct research were used for ranking. The final list of priority areas for research in SabUMS included non-communicable diseases, mental health, drug abuse, accidents, and nutrition respectively. COVID-19 was considered a separate area for research. Conclusion: Experience from this study and follow-up reports would provide best practices in research development in low-resource areas and pave the way for evidence-based public health practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Life review therapy, as part of a comprehensive therapy plan, helps people resolve their past conflicts, reconstruct their life stories, and accept their current situations. The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of life review therapy in improving the psychological well-being and decreasing anxiety of teenage girls from divorced families in Gonbad-e Kavous (Iran). This study used a semi-experimental method with a pre-test, post-test, and control group. To this end, 20 teenage girls from divorced families covered by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Gonbad-e Kavous were selected by purposive sampling. Then, 10 girls were assigned to each group, and they were asked to respond to the psychological well-being scale designed by Ryff (1995) and Ketel's (1970) anxiety scale. The mean of psychological well-being subscales, including self-acceptance (P < 0.003), having positive relationships with others (P < 0.006), and autonomy (P < 0.01) as well as overt and covert anxiety subscales (P < 0.001) was significant in the two experimental and control groups in the post-test phase. In other words, the results of covariance analysis indicated that the therapy improved psychological well-being and its components and decreased anxiety and its components in the experiment group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Accordingly, it is suggested that all institutions supporting teenagers and their guardians use this costeffective and practical method in the form of group interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the increasing expansion of renewable energy, especially the widespread installation of solar power plants worldwide, to better exploit and increase the efficiency and quality of power generation, we need to closely monitor the performance of important components of the plant. In this study, using an innovative smart monitoring system and electronic sensors, we monitored components such as power in photovoltaic (PV) arrays in real time, including the phenomenon of hot spots as an example of power loss in PV panels. Detection of hot spots is very difficult to deal with in a large power plant. The results also demonstrated smart monitoring that increased detection speed and increased the efficiency rate per supervisory technician by ≤36% compared with the previous efficiency rate, which was 10% per technical staff, and increased the quality of the operation of each solar power plant. In this paper, meteorological data were coordinated with research data to validate the research. Furthermore, to compare the results of using the smart monitoring method with the conventional observation method, a complete diagram of a 5-kW solar system in MATLAB® 2018 was simulated and output diagrams were presented. Finally, to provide a comprehensive validation, our research results were compared with technical data obtained from a local 5-kW solar power plant located in Sari, Iran (36°33ʹ48″N, 53°03ʹ36″E) with an average annual irradiation of 1490 kWh/m2. When the simulation results and research are analysed, it is clear that the smart and real-time monitoring approach brings various benefits to solar power plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) and uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) can cause vast infections in humans and poultry. The present study was conducted to compare the isolates of the APEC and UPEC pathotypes on the basis phenotypic and genotypic features of antibiotic resistance and phylogenetic differences. Total number of 70 identified E. coli strains, including 35 APEC and 35 UPEC isolates, were isolated from avian colibacillosis and human urinary tract infection (UTI), and were subjected to the antimicrobial susceptibility testing, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of the resistance genes, phylogenetic grouping and DNA fingerprinting with enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus PCR (ERIC - PCR) to survey the variability of the isolates. The most resistance rates among all E. coli isolates were, respectively, obtained for Ampicillin (84.20%) and sulfamethoxazoletrimethoprim (65.70%). The APEC and UPEC isolates showed the most susceptibility to imipenem and gentamycin, respectively. Among 70 APEC and UPEC isolates 34.20%, 32.80%, 20.00%, and 12.80% belonged to the A, B2, D, and B1 phylogenetic groups, respectively. Analysis of the DNA fingerprinting phylogenetic tree showed 10 specific clusters of APEC and UPEC isolates. According to the results, the most effective antibiotics and the phenotypic and genotypic predominant resistance patterns of the APEC and UPEC isolates were different. Moreover, APECs and UPECs showed various dominant phylogenetic groups. With all descriptions, the APEC isolates still are potential candidates for carrying important resistance genes and can be one of the possible strains related to human infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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