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BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Temporo-mandibular dysfunction" is a terminology that is used to refer a broad/ wide range of interconnected conditions which affecting the Temporo-mandibular joint, muscles involve in the process of chewing, and clogging up of the joint. Cervical spine dysfunction is related with the temporomandibular joint dysfunction. To find out the association of temporomandibular joint dysfunction with the cervical spine pain. METHODOLOGY: The study, conducted at Al-Hamd Institute of Physiotherapy & Health Sciences, Karachi involved 145 participants aged 18-30 years, with 145 samples in 3 months ranges February 09 to May 09, 2023 after the approval of research study from Ethical research committee. Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Questionnaire form for TMD were used. Results were analyzed using SPSS version 22, and interpreted using frequency and tables.RESULTS: The test statistics of the cervical spine pain and chewing difficulty, uncomfortable bite, temple pain, and noises from the dysfunctional jaw (a = 10.898, a = 35.446, a = 18.813, and a = 14.345 respectively) have a p value of 0.000, which was less than the normal and standard p value of 0.05. So, there is association present between neck pain and chewing difficulty, uncomfortable bite, temple pain and noises from the dysfunctional jaw. CONCLUSION: This study concluded that there is positive association between the pain in the cervical-region and resistance in chewing, uncomfortable feelings during bite, pain in the temple region, and noises from the jaw. But there is negative association present between the neck pain and locking sensation of the jaw. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Job related stress an important predictor of quality of work among health care professionals. The stress can affect the efficiency and capability of a working team. The objective of this study was to determine the work-related stress among physical therapists from different regions of Pakistan. METHODOLOGY: This was a cross sectional study having 264 participants after ethical approval from June 2020 to November 2020. The data was collected using convenient sampling technique. Physical therapist from the age range of 25 to 50 years old, both genders, with at least 2 years of clinical or teaching experience who were actively employed in either the public or private sector without a break were included. Data was collected through an online questionnaire “stress evaluation questionnaire for health care provider”. Microsoft Excel and SPSS Version 21 were used to present and analyze data. RESULTS: A total of 264 physical therapists from different regions of Pakistan participated in this study. Out of them 56% were males and 44% were females with a mean age of 34.5+ 9.5 and 31.5+8.5 respectively. From these, 38% of physical therapists were employed in academic organizations while 62% were working in clinical setups. Out of these, 211 (80%) participants were satisfied with their job but 57.6% of these participants had mild level of stress, while 14.4% had moderate stress and 2.7% had severe stress with p=0.295. There was no difference observed in work related stress in male and female. CONCLUSION: The study concluded that 7.6% participants had mild, 14.4% had moderate and 2.7% had severe level of work related-stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]