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It is impossible to imagine a movie without a screenplay, because a screenplay underlies what is released on the curtain. Screenplays are interesting sources of texts due to the performance of various expressed feelings. In essence, they are means to narrate stories where screenwriters seek to convey meaningful content. The “sentimental load” of a screenplay is usually a vehicle to meet the above goal or a secondary product of a process; it is in fact a strong and critical instrument. It is safe to suggest that the Holy Defense Cinema has introduced a novel and innovative genre in the post-revolution cinema, which reflects the society’s climate in the years of war and following those years in the form of its characters. The Holy Defense Cinema can be regarded as the most important genre of the post-Islamic Revolution Cinema, because it fully represents all the incidents that have occurred in the revolutionary and Islamic society. The goal of this study was to analyze the screenplay of the movie “The Third Day” as a holy defense film based on Roland Barthes’ theories. Accordingly, the main question is: “How can The Third Day movie be analyzed based on the Holy Defense genre framework?” Findings suggest that The Third Day can be analyzed based on Barthes’ five codes, because the hermeneutic, symbolic, cultural, semantic and proairetic codes can be observed in the screenplay. The method of the study is also descriptive-analytical based on Barthes’ theories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One way to improve the distribution network resilience is to use mobile generators (MEGs) in the network. Such generators with the ability to move in the network and supply power to different parts increase the possibility of supplying important loads. However, due to the limited fuel of these generators, their movement will be limited, which will reduce their efficiency. Therefore, in this paper, considering this type of generators and also their limited fuel, an algorithm for their optimal displacement during the disaster is presented. Also, by considering fueling vehicles and planning to move them to inject fuel into these generators, an attempt has been made to reduce the effect of fuel restrictions on these generators. Finally, by simulating the proposed algorithm on the IEEE 33-bus network, taking into account the daily variable loads, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm on improving the resilience of the distribution network is shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The propane thermal cracking reactor process is investigated in an industrial furnace with an alternative wall burner arrangement. Temperature and heat distribution of the furnace is obtained by three‐dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation technique using Ansys Fluent software. Ten calculation domains are adopted to decrease calculation costs. Different fuel rate ratios are selected as the main effective parameter on reactor performance. Different ratios of base fuel rate (0.0695 kg/s) have been considered. The obtained reactor tube wall temperature profile is used for a one‐dimensional pseudo‐steady reactor operation. By the proposed new arrangement, the created coke layer thickness is lower about 3 mm compared with the base case after 700 h. Meanwhile, Propane conversion is increased by 4%. Besides, reactor feed flow rate variations are considered one of the essential parameter on reactor operation. Despite surging in propylene yield after coke formation, ethylene yield decreases during the process. By increasing the fuel rate in each reactor flow rate, ethylene increased while propylene yield descended. The maximum allowable pressure drop is 2.7 bar. At 0.5ṁ fuel rate and 0.85 kg/s reactor flow rate, pressure drop, reactor lifetime, and ethylene yield are 1.23 bar, 1444 h, and 28%; respectively. In the reactor flow of 0.85 kg/s, by raising fuel rate 0.5–2ṁ ethylene yield is increased from 28% to 46.83%, while process operating time is reduced to 780 h. According to the results, 0.8–0.85 kg/s could be considered as an appropriate range for reactor feed flow rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Optimal levels of minerals in the diet are crucial for improving performance and immune response against the environmental stresses. OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of water supplementation of chelated trace mineral (CTM) on growth performance, hematology, blood biochemistry, antioxidant status, and antibody response in broilers reared under heat stress condition. METHODS: A total of 240 male Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly allocated into one of the following five treatments (each consisting of four replicates): (1) positive control (PC; thermoneutral condition), (2) negative control (NC; heat stress condition), (3) low-CTM (NC + low CTM level in tap water), (4) medium-CTM (NC + medium CTM level in tap water), and (4) high-CTM (NC + high CTM level in tap water). The CTM levels in the tap water for the low-CTM treatment were 0.1, 0.15, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.45 mg/bird/day on days 1-10, 11-20, 21-30, 31-40, and 41-50, respectively. The respective values were 1.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.0, and 4.5 for the medium-CTM, and 10, 15, 30, 40, and 45 mg/bird/day for the high-CTM water. RESULTS: The average weight gain during the whole experimental period in the medium-CTM treatment was higher compared to that in the negative control treatment, but lower than that in the positive control treatment (P<0.05). The heterophil/lymphocyte ratio and total antibody titers against Newcastle disease in the medium-CTM and high-CTM groups were similar to those of the broilers in the PC group, yet better (P<0.05) those of the NC group. The serum superoxide dismutase activity was also higher (P<0.05) in the high-CTM group compared to that of the NC group. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that the water supplementation of CTM at a moderate level (1.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.0, and 4.5 mg/bird/day during different rearing periods) could be a strategy to ameliorate the detrimental effects of heat stress in broilers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND RESULTS CONCLUSION Organic trace minerals (TM) offer superior nutritional benefits because of their stable structure, making their addition to broiler diets potentially beneficial during challenging periods such as aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination. The present study evaluated the impacts of different replacement levels of inorganic TM (ITM) with advanced chelate technology‐based TM (ACTM) on the growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant indicators, and some inflammatory and immune parameters of broilers fed diets contaminated with AFB1. A 42‐day experiment involved randomly assigning 1‐day‐old broiler chickens (n = 480) to one of five dietary treatments, each with six replicates. The treatments were as follows: (1) NC: basal diet without AFB1 and recommended ITM levels; (2) PC: basal diet with 0.5 mg kg−1 AFB1 and recommended ITM levels; (3) TB: PC diet +1 g kg−1 toxin binder; (4) ACTM50: replacement of ITM with 50% ACTM in the PC diet; and (5) ACTM100: replacement of ITM with 100% ACTM in the PC diet.Compared with PC treatment, ACTM100 treatment resulted in increased (P < 0.05) body weight gain, serum zinc and glutathione concentrations, immunoglobulin Y level, antioxidant enzyme activities, and hepatic gene expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2, glutathione peroxidase‐1, superoxide dismutase‐1 and transforming growth factor beta 1. The ACTM100 group also exhibited decreased AFB1 residue in the liver and kidney, serum alanine transaminase activity and malondialdehyde concentration, and hepatic gene expression levels of nuclear factor‐kappa B and interferon‐gamma (P < 0.05). These values were comparable to those recorded in the TB and NC treatments.In conclusion, completely replacing ITM with ACTM can benefit the metabolism and mitigate AFB1‐induced immunotoxicity and oxidative damage in chickens by altering the mRNA expression of nuclear factor‐kappa B and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2, and some genes downstream their signaling pathways. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Thyme extract has the antimicrobial and antioxidant components that can be useful for the broilers under heat stress condition. OBJECTIVES: This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Thymus vulgaris extract in comparison with some common feed additives on performance, blood biochemical parameters and antibody response in broiler chickens under heat stress conditions. METHODS: This study was conducted using 192 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) in a completely randomized design with 8 treatments in 4 replicates and 6 chicks per replicate. Treatments were as follows: 1) basal diet + standard temperature conditions (positive control); 2) basal diet + heat stress conditions (negative control); 3) negative control + 200 mg virginiamycin; 4) negative control + 150 mg Protoxin probiotic, 5) negative control + 250 mg vitamin C, 6) negative control + 250 mg vitamin E, 7) negative control + 250 mg thyme extract, and 8) negative control +500 mg thyme extract per kg diet. RESULTS: Dietary thyme extract at the rate of 500 mg/kg as well as probiotic and vitamin E increased (P<0.05) body weight gain (2202, 2183 and 2199, respectively) and improved feed conversion (1.65, 1.74 and 1.66, respectively) compared with negative control group (body weight gain 1960 g and feed conversion ratio 1.96). Moreover, 500 mg/kg dietary thyme extract, probiotic and vitamin C reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein during heat stress conditions (P<0.05). All dietary supplements groups significantly increased antibody titers against red blood cells as compared with negative control. CONCLUSIONS: In general, the results of the present study suggest that thyme extract at the level of 500 mg/kg of diet can be recommended as an alternative to the common feed additives to improve growth performance and health benefits of the heat-stressed broilers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]