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5,054 results on '"Gharavi A"'

1. On the microscopics of proximity effects in one-dimensional superconducting hybrid systems

Author

Midha, Siddhant, Singh, Roshni, Gharavi, Kaveh, Baugh, Jonathan, and Muralidharan, Bhaskaran

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Investigating the microscopic details of the proximity effect is crucial for both key experimental applications and fundamental inquiries into nanoscale devices featuring superconducting elements. In this work, we develop a framework motivated by experiments to study induced superconducting correlations in hybrid nanoscale devices featuring layered superconductor-normal heterostructures using the Keldysh non-equilibrium Green's functions. Following a detailed method for analyzing the induced pair amplitude in a prototypical one-dimensional hybrid, we provide insights into the proximity effect within and outside the Andreev approximation. Our analysis also uncovers a disorder-induced crossover in the correlation patterns of the system. By elucidating the spectral distribution of the induced pair amplitude, we investigate the pair correlations established in a recent experiment [Phys.Rev.Lett.128,127701], providing a theoretical basis for the enhanced Cooper pair injection demonstrated through the lens of the induced pair correlations, thereby establishing the promise of our methods in guiding new experiments in hybrid quantum devices., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures. comments welcome

Published
2024

2. Iterative Cut-Based PWA Approximation of Multi-Dimensional Nonlinear Systems

Author

Gharavi, Leila, De Schutter, Bart, and Baldi, Simone

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

PieceWise Affine (PWA) approximations for nonlinear functions have been extensively used for tractable, computationally efficient control of nonlinear systems. However, reaching a desired approximation accuracy without prior information about the behavior of the nonlinear systems remains a challenge in the function approximation and control literature. As the name suggests, PWA approximation aims at approximating a nonlinear function or system by dividing the domain into multiple subregions where the nonlinear function or dynamics is approximated locally by an affine function also called local mode. Without prior knowledge of the form of the nonlinearity, the required number of modes, the locations of the subregions, and the local approximations need to be optimized simultaneously, which becomes highly complex for large-scale systems with multi-dimensional nonlinear functions. This paper introduces a novel approach for PWA approximation of multi-dimensional nonlinear systems, utilizing a hinging hyperplane formalism for cut-based partitioning of the domain. The complexity of the PWA approximation is iteratively increased until reaching the desired accuracy level. Further, the tractable cut definitions allow for different forms of subregions, as well as the ability to impose continuity constraints on the PWA approximation. The methodology is explained via multiple examples and its performance is compared to two existing approaches through case studies, showcasing its efficacy., Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, submitted to journal

Published
2024

3. Sensitivity Analysis for Piecewise-Affine Approximations of Nonlinear Programs with Polytopic Constraints

Author

Gharavi, Leila, Liu, Changrui, De Schutter, Bart, and Baldi, Simone

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control, Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract

Nonlinear Programs (NLPs) are prevalent in optimization-based control of nonlinear systems. Solving general NLPs is computationally expensive, necessitating the development of fast hardware or tractable suboptimal approximations. This paper investigates the sensitivity of the solutions of NLPs with polytopic constraints when the nonlinear continuous objective function is approximated by a PieceWise-Affine (PWA) counterpart. By leveraging perturbation analysis using a convex modulus, we derive guaranteed bounds on the distance between the optimal solution of the original polytopically-constrained NLP and that of its approximated formulation. Our approach aids in determining criteria for achieving desired solution bounds. Two case studies on the Eggholder function and nonlinear model predictive control of an inverted pendulum demonstrate the theoretical results., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Control Systems Letters

Published
2024
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4. Proactive Emergency Collision Avoidance for Automated Driving in Highway Scenarios

Author

Gharavi, Leila, Dabiri, Azita, Verkuijlen, Jelske, De Schutter, Bart, and Baldi, Simone

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

Uncertainty in the behavior of other traffic participants is a crucial factor in collision avoidance for automated driving; here, stochastic metrics could avoid overly conservative decisions. This paper introduces a Stochastic Model Predictive Control (SMPC) planner for emergency collision avoidance in highway scenarios to proactively minimize collision risk while ensuring safety through chance constraints. To guarantee that the emergency trajectory can be attained, we incorporate nonlinear tire dynamics in the prediction model of the ego vehicle. Further, we exploit Max-Min-Plus-Scaling (MMPS) approximations of the nonlinearities to avoid conservatism, enforce proactive collision avoidance, and improve computational efficiency in terms of performance and speed. Consequently, our contributions include integrating a dynamic ego vehicle model into the SMPC planner, introducing the MMPS approximation for real-time implementation in emergency scenarios, and integrating SMPC with hybridized chance constraints and risk minimization. We evaluate our SMPC formulation in terms of proactivity and efficiency in various hazardous scenarios. Moreover, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach by comparing it with a state-of-the-art SMPC planner and we validate that the generated trajectories can be attained using a high-fidelity vehicle model in IPG CarMaker., Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology

Published
2023
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5. Efficient MPC for Emergency Evasive Maneuvers, Part II: Comparative Assessment for Hybrid Control

Author

Gharavi, Leila, De Schutter, Bart, and Baldi, Simone

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

Optimization-based approaches such as Model Predictive Control (MPC) are promising approaches in proactive control for safety-critical applications with changing environments such as automated driving systems. However, the computational complexity of the MPC optimization problem coupled with the need for real-time control in hazardous scenarios is the main bottleneck in realization of automation levels four and five for driving systems. In this paper, we construct hybrid formulations of the nonlinear MPC problem for tracking control during emergency evasive maneuvers and assess their computational efficiency in terms of accuracy and solution time. To hybridize the MPC problem, we combine three hybrid approximations of the prediction model and four approximations of the nonlinear stability and tire saturation constraints and simulate the closed-loop behavior of the resulting controllers during five emergency maneuvers for different prediction horizons. Further, we compare the robustness of the controllers in the presence of friction uncertainty as well to assess the accuracy-time trade-off in cases where the friction of the road is either unknown or has an offset error with respect to the prediction model. This robustness is studied for different levels of friction uncertainty, as well as investigated with respect to the proximity to the vehicle handling limits. We show that the hybridization of the MPC problem is an efficient approach for real-time implementation of MPC during emergency evasive maneuvers, paving the way for implementation of high levels of automation., Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Journal

Published
2023

6. Efficient MPC for Emergency Evasive Maneuvers, Part I: Hybridization of the Nonlinear Problem

Author

Gharavi, Leila, De Schutter, Bart, and Baldi, Simone

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

Despite the extensive application of nonlinear Model Predictive Control (MPC) in automated driving, balancing its computational efficiency with respect to the control performance and constraint satisfaction remains a challenge in emergency scenarios: in such situations, sub-optimal but computationally fast responses are more valuable than optimal responses obtained after long computations. In this paper, we introduce a hybridization approach for efficient approximation of nonlinear vehicle dynamics and non-convex constraints using a hybrid systems modeling framework. Hybridization allows to reformulate the nonlinear MPC problem during emergency evasive maneuvers as a hybrid MPC problem. In this regard, Max-Min-Plus-Scaling (MMPS) hybrid modeling is used to approximate the nonlinear vehicle dynamics. Meanwhile, different formulations for constraint approximation are presented, and various grid-generation methods are compared to solve these approximation problems. Among these, two novel grid types are introduced to structurally include the influence of the system dynamics on the grid point distributions in the state domain. Overall, the work presents and compares three hybrid models and four hybrid constraints for efficient MPC synthesis and offers guidelines for implementation of the presented hybridization framework in other applications., Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, submitted to journal

Published
2023

7. Immunogenicity and safety of RAZI recombinant spike protein vaccine (RCP) as a booster dose after priming with BBIBP-CorV: a parallel two groups, randomized, double blind trial

Author

Erfanpoor, Saeed, Banihashemi, Seyed Reza, Mokhbaeralsafa, Ladan, Kalantari, Saeed, Es-haghi, Ali, Nofeli, Mojtaba, Rezaei Mokarram, Ali, Sadeghi, Fariba, Hajimoradi, Monireh, Razaz, Seyad Hossein, Taghdiri, Maryam, Lotfi, Mohsen, Khorasani, Akbar, Ansarifar, Akram, Masoumi, Safdar, Mohazzab, Arash, Filsoof, Sara, Mohseni, Vahideh, Shahsavan, Masoumeh, Gharavi, Niloufar, Setarehdan, Seyed Amin, Rabiee, Mohammad Hasan, Fallah Mehrabadi, Mohammad Hossein, and Solaymani-Dodaran, Masoud

Published
2024
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9. Outbreak of severe community-acquired bacterial infections among children in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany), October to December 2022

Author

Goretzki, Sarah C., van der Linden, Mark, Itzek, Andreas, Hühne, Tom, Adelmann, Roland O., Ala Eldin, Firas, Albarouni, Mohamed, Becker, Jan-Claudius, Berghäuser, Martin A., Boesing, Thomas, Boeswald, Michael, Brasche, Milian, Brevis Nuñez, Francisco, Camara, Rokya, Deibert, Clara, Dohle, Frank, Dolgner, Jörg, Dziobaka, Jan, Eifinger, Frank, Elting, Natalie, Endmann, Matthias, Engelmann, Guido, Frenzke, Holger, Gappa, Monika, Gharavi, Bahman, Goletz, Christine, Hahn, Eva, Heidenreich, Yvonne, Heimann, Konrad, Hensel, Kai O., Hoffmann, Hans-Georg, Hoppenz, Marc, Horneff, Gerd, Klassen, Helene, Koerner-Rettberg, Cordula, Längler, Alfred, Lenz, Pascal, Lohmeier, Klaus, Müller, Andreas, Niemann, Frank, Paulussen, Michael, Pentek, Falk, Perez, Ruy, Pingel, Markus, Repges, Philip, Rothoeft, Tobias, Rübo, Jochen, Schade, Herbert, Schmitz, Robert, Schonhoff, Peter, Schwade, Jan N., Schwarz, Tobias, Seiffert, Peter, Selzer, Georg, Spille, Uwe, Thiel, Carsten, Thimm, Ansgar, Urgatz, Bartholomäus, van den Heuvel, Alijda, van Hop, Tan, Giesen, Verena, Wirth, Stefan, Wollbrink, Thomas, Wüller, Daniel, Felderhoff-Müser, Ursula, Dohna-Schwake, Christian, Lâm, Thiên-Trí, Claus, Heike, and Bruns, Nora

Published
2024
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13. Natural History and Clinicopathological Associations of TRPC6-Associated Podocytopathy

Author

Wooden, Benjamin, Beenken, Andrew, Martinelli, Elena, Saida, Ken, Knob, Andrea L., Ke, Juntao, Pisani, Isabella, Jin, Gina, Lane, Brandon, Mitrotti, Adele, Colby, Elizabeth, Lim, Tze Y., Guglielmi, Francesca, Osborne, Amy J., Ahram, Dina F., Wang, Chen, Armand, Farid, Zanoni, Francesca, Bomback, Andrew S., Delsante, Marco, Appel, Gerald B., Ferrari, Massimo R.A., Martino, Jeremiah, Sahdeo, Sunil, Breckenridge, David, Petrovski, Slavé, Paul, Dirk S., Hall, Gentzon, Magistroni, Riccardo, Murtas, Corrado, Feriozzi, Sandro, Rampino, Teresa, Esposito, Pasquale, Helmuth, Margaret E., Sampson, Matthew G., Kretzler, Matthias, Kiryluk, Krzysztof, Shril, Shirlee, Gesualdo, Loreto, Maggiore, Umberto, Fiaccadori, Enrico, Gbadegesin, Rasheed, Santoriello, Dominick, DʼAgati, Vivette D., Saleem, Moin A., Gharavi, Ali G., Hildebrandt, Friedhelm, Pollak, Martin R., Goldstein, David B., and Sanna-Cherchi, Simone

Published
2024
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15. Intelligent Scanning Collision Avoidance Device with Risk Assessment

Author

Haddad, Malik, Shamieh, Jamal, Sanders, David, Gharavi, Amir, Tewkesbury, Giles, Hassan-Sayed, Mohamed, Langner, Martin, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, and Arai, Kohei, editor

Published
2024
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16. The Digital Scanning Collision Avoidance Device with Risk Assessment

Author

Haddad, Malik, Shamieh, Jamal, Sanders, David, Gharavi, Amir, Langner, Martin, Tewkesbury, Giles, Hassan-Sayed, Mohamed, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Gomide, Fernando, Advisory Editor, Kaynak, Okyay, Advisory Editor, Liu, Derong, Advisory Editor, Pedrycz, Witold, Advisory Editor, Polycarpou, Marios M., Advisory Editor, Rudas, Imre J., Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, and Arai, Kohei, editor

Published
2024
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17. Is vitamin D status a determining factor for metabolic syndrome? A case-control study

Author

Salekzamani S, Neyestani TR, Alavi-Majd H, Houshiarrad A, Kalayi A, Shariatzadeh N, and Gharavi A

Subjects
Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Shabnam Salekzamani, Tirang R Neyestani, Hamid Alavi-Majd, Anahita Houshiarrad, Ali Kalayi, Nastaran Shariatzadeh, A'azam GharaviDepartment of Nutrition Research, National Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAbstract: This study was undertaken to assess vitamin D status in nonmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome (MeS) and to evaluate its possible role in inflammation and other components of MeS. A case-control study was conducted during late fall and winter 2009–10. A total of 375 women with waist circumference (WC) ≥88 cm were examined to find 100 who met MeS criteria according to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)/Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria (NCEP/ATP III). Of those without MeS, 100 age- and residence area-matched women were selected as a control group. Anthropometric and laboratory evaluations were performed. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and body fat mass (FM) were also evaluated. Women with MeS had significantly higher BMI, waist circumference (WC) and FM but lower serum osteocalcin than controls. There was no significant difference in serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) or vitamin D status between the two groups. Serum highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration was significantly higher in the MeS group, compared to the controls (3.4 ± 3.3 vs 2.0 ± 1.9 mg/L, P < 0.001). The difference remained significant even after controlling for BMI (P = 0.011), WC (P = 0.014) and FM (P = 0.005). When comparison was made only in those subjects with insulin resistance (HOMA-IR > 2.4), hsCRP was still higher in the MeS group (n = 79) than in the control group (n = 61) (P < 0.001). When data were categorized according to vitamin D status, in the MeS group significantly higher plasma glucose concentrations were observed in subjects with vitamin D deficiency compared to those with insufficiency or sufficiency (104.0 ± 11.7, 83.0 ± 11.3 and 83.2 ± 9.9 mg/dL, respectively, P < 0.001). Interestingly, their WC or WHR did not show any significant difference. In stepwise regression analysis, 25(OH)D was the main predictor of both hsCRP and plasma glucose. Vitamin D status may, at least in part, be a determining factor of systemic inflammation and the related metabolic derangements of MeS.Keywords: metabolic syndrome, vitamin D, inflammation

Published
2011

18. CHARTOPOLIS: A Small-Scale Labor-art-ory for Research and Reflection on Autonomous Vehicles, Human-Robot Interaction, and Sociotechnical Imaginaries

Author

Ulhas, Sangeet Sankaramangalam, Ravichander, Aditya, Johnson, Kathryn A., Pavlic, Theodore P., Gharavi, Lance, and Berman, Spring

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control, 93C85 (Primary) 91Cxx (Secondary), I.2.9, J.4, J.5
Abstract

CHARTOPOLIS is a multi-faceted sociotechnical testbed meant to aid in building connections among engineers, psychologists, anthropologists, ethicists, and artists. Superficially, it is an urban autonomous-vehicle testbed that includes both a physical environment for small-scale robotic vehicles as well as a high-fidelity virtual replica that provides extra flexibility by way of computer simulation. However, both environments have been developed to allow for participatory simulation with human drivers as well. Each physical vehicle can be remotely operated by human drivers that have a driver-seat point of view that immerses them within the small-scale testbed, and those same drivers can also pilot high-fidelity models of those vehicles in a virtual replica of the environment. Juxtaposing human driving performance across these two contexts will help identify to what extent human driving behaviors are sensorimotor responses or involve psychological engagement with a system that has physical, not virtual, side effects and consequences. Furthermore, through collaboration with artists, we have designed the physical testbed to make tangible the reality that technological advancement causes the history of a city to fork into multiple, parallel timelines that take place within populations whose increasing isolation effectively creates multiple independent cities in one. Ultimately, CHARTOPOLIS is meant to challenge engineers to take a more holistic view when designing autonomous systems, while also enabling them to gather novel data that will assist them in making these systems more trustworthy., Comment: Submission to 2022 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2022) Workshop on Miniature Robot Platforms for Full Scale Autonomous Vehicle Research

Published
2022

20. Increased risk of kidney failure in patients with genetic kidney disorders

Author

Elliott, Mark D., Vena, Natalie, Marasa, Maddalena, Cocchi, Enrico, Bheda, Shiraz, Bogyo, Kelsie, Shang, Ning, Zanoni, Francesca, Verbitsky, Miguel, Wang, Chen, Kolupaeva, Victoria, Jin, Gina, Sofer, Maayan, Pena, Rafael Gras, Canetta, Pietro A., Bomback, Andrew S., Guay-Woodford, Lisa M., Hou, Jean, Gillespie, Brenda W., Robinson, Bruce M., Klein, Jon B., Rheault, Michelle N., Smoyer, William E., Greenbaum, Larry A., Holzman, Larry B., Falk, Ronald J., Parsa, Afshin, Sanna-Cherchi, Simone, Mariani, Laura H., Kretzler, Matthias, Kiryluk, Krzysztof, and Gharavi, Ali G.

Subjects
Physiological aspects, Complications and side effects, Risk factors, Medical research, Genetic disorders -- Physiological aspects -- Complications and side effects, Chronic kidney failure -- Risk factors -- Physiological aspects, Medicine, Experimental
Abstract

Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a heterogeneous group of conditions affecting over 10% of the population, causing substantial morbidity and mortality (1-3). Genetic kidney disorders are well-recognized causes of [...], BACKGROUND. It is unknown whether the risk of kidney disease progression and failure differs between patients with and without genetic kidney disorders. METHODS. Three cohorts were evaluated: the prospective Cure Glomerulonephropathy Network (CureGN) and 2 retrospective cohorts from Columbia University, including 5,727 adults and children with kidney disease from any etiology who underwent whole-genome or exome sequencing. The effects of monogenic kidney disorders and APOL1 kidney-risk genotypes on the risk of kidney failure, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline, and disease remission rates were evaluated along with diagnostic yields and the impact of American College of Medical Genetics secondary findings (ACMG SFs). RESULTS. Monogenic kidney disorders were identified in 371 patients (6.5%), high-risk APOL1 genotypes in 318 (5.5%), and ACMG SFs in 100 (5.2%). Family history of kidney disease was the strongest predictor of monogenic disorders. After adjustment for traditional risk factors, monogenic kidney disorders were associated with an increased risk of kidney failure (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.72), higher rate of eGFR decline (-3.06 vs. 0.25 mL/min/1.73 [m.sup.2]/year), and lower risk of complete remission ([odds ratio.sub.Not achieving CR] = 5.25). High-risk APOL1 genotypes were associated with an increased risk of kidney failure (HR = 1.67) and faster eGFR decline (-2.28 vs. 0.25 mL/min/1.73 [m.sup.2]), replicating prior findings. ACMG SFs were not associated with personal or family history of associated diseases, but were predicted to impact care in 70% of cases. CONCLUSIONS. Monogenic kidney disorders were associated with an increased risk of kidney failure, faster eGFR decline, and lower rates of complete remission, suggesting opportunities for early identification and intervention based on molecular diagnosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION. NA. FUNDING. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases grants U24DK100845 (formerly UM1DK100845), U01DK100846 (formerly UM1DK100846), U01DK100876 (formerly UM1DK100876), U01DK100866 (formerly UM1DK100866), U01DK100867 (formerly UM1DK100867), U24DK100845, DK081943, RC2DK116690, 2U01DK100876, 1R01DK136765, 5R01DK082753, and RC2-DK122397; NephCure Kidney International; Department of Defense Research Awards PR201425, W81XWH-16-1-0451, and W81XWH-22-1-0966; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences grant UL1TR001873; National Library of Medicine grant R01LM013061; National Human Genome Research Institute grant 2U01HG008680.

Published
2024
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24. Advancing Genetic Testing in Kidney Diseases: Report From a National Kidney Foundation Working Group

Author

Ars, Elisabet, Reza Bekheirnia, Mir, Bier, Louise, Bleyer, Anthony J., Sr., Fuller, Lindsey J., Halbritter, Jan, Harris, Peter C., Kiryluk, Krzysztof, Knoers, Nine V.A.M., Kopp, Jeffrey B., Kramer, Holly, Lagas, Sharon S., Lieske, John C., Lu, Weining, Mannon, Roslyn B., Markowitz, Glen, Moe, Orson W., Nadkarni, Girish N., Nast, Cynthia C., Parekh, Rulan S., Pei, York, Reed, Katie, Rehm, Heidi L., Richards, Denay J., Roberts, Mary-Beth, Sabatello, Maya, Salant, David J., Sampson, Matthew G., Sanna-Cherchi, Simone, Santoriello, Dominick, Sedor, John R., Sneddon, Tam P., Watnick, Terry, Wilfond, Benjamin S., Williams, Winfred W., Wong, Craig S., Franceschini, Nora, Feldman, David L., Berg, Jonathan S., Besse, Whitney, Chang, Alexander R., Dahl, Neera K., Gbadegesin, Rasheed, Pollak, Martin R., Rasouly, Hila Milo, Smith, Richard J.H., Winkler, Cheryl A., and Gharavi, Ali G.

Published
2024
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26. The All of Us Research Program: Data quality, utility, and diversity

Author

Ramirez, Andrea H, Sulieman, Lina, Schlueter, David J, Halvorson, Alese, Qian, Jun, Ratsimbazafy, Francis, Loperena, Roxana, Mayo, Kelsey, Basford, Melissa, Deflaux, Nicole, Muthuraman, Karthik N, Natarajan, Karthik, Kho, Abel, Xu, Hua, Wilkins, Consuelo, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Boerwinkle, Eric, Cicek, Mine, Clark, Cheryl R, Cohn, Elizabeth, Ohno-Machado, Lucila, Schully, Sheri D, Ahmedani, Brian K, Argos, Maria, Cronin, Robert M, O’Donnell, Christopher, Fouad, Mona, Goldstein, David B, Greenland, Philip, Hebbring, Scott J, Karlson, Elizabeth W, Khatri, Parinda, Korf, Bruce, Smoller, Jordan W, Sodeke, Stephen, Wilbanks, John, Hentges, Justin, Mockrin, Stephen, Lunt, Christopher, Devaney, Stephanie A, Gebo, Kelly, Denny, Joshua C, Carroll, Robert J, Glazer, David, Harris, Paul A, Hripcsak, George, Philippakis, Anthony, Roden, Dan M, Program, the All of Us Research, Ahmedani, Brian, Johnson, Christine D Cole, Ahsan, Habib, Antoine-LaVigne, Donna, Singleton, Glendora, Topol, Eric, Baca-Motes, Katie, Steinhubl, Steven, Wade, James, Begale, Mark, Jain, Praduman, Sutherland, Scott, Lewis, Beth, Behringer, Melissa, Gharavi, Ali G, Bier, Louise, Brilliant, Murray H, Murali, Narayana, Hebbring, Scott Joseph, Farrar-Edwards, Dorothy, Burnside, Elizabeth, Drezner, Marc K, Taylor, Amy, Channamsetty, Veena, Montalvo, Wanda, Sharma, Yashoda, Chinea, Carmen, Jenks, Nancy, Thibodeau, Steve, Holmes, Beverly Wilson, Schlueter, Eric, Collier, Ever, Winkler, Joyce, Corcoran, John, D’Addezio, Nick, Daviglus, Martha, Winn, Robert, Roden, Dan, Denny, Joshua, Doheny, Kim, Nickerson, Debbie, Eichler, Evan, Jarvik, Gail, and Funk, Gretchen

Subjects
Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD), Clinical Research, Cardiovascular, Cancer, Generic health relevance, Good Health and Well Being, All of Us Research Program, cloud-based analytics, cohort study, electronic health records, precision medicine
Abstract

The All of Us Research Program seeks to engage at least one million diverse participants to advance precision medicine and improve human health. We describe here the cloud-based Researcher Workbench that uses a data passport model to democratize access to analytical tools and participant information including survey, physical measurement, and electronic health record (EHR) data. We also present validation study findings for several common complex diseases to demonstrate use of this novel platform in 315,000 participants, 78% of whom are from groups historically underrepresented in biomedical research, including 49% self-reporting non-White races. Replication findings include medication usage pattern differences by race in depression and type 2 diabetes, validation of known cancer associations with smoking, and calculation of cardiovascular risk scores by reported race effects. The cloud-based Researcher Workbench represents an important advance in enabling secure access for a broad range of researchers to this large resource and analytical tools.

Published
2022

31. Harnessing exosomes as a platform for drug delivery in breast cancer: A systematic review for in vivo and in vitro studies

Author

Abdulwahab Teflischi Gharavi, Saeed Irian, Azadeh Niknejad, Keykavous Parang, and Mona Salimi

Subjects
breast cancer, drug delivery, exosome, small extracellular vesicles, systematic review, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Breast cancer remains a significant global health concern, emphasizing the critical need for effective treatment strategies, especially targeted therapies. This systematic review summarizes the findings from in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the therapeutic potential of exosomes as drug delivery platforms in the field of breast cancer treatment. A comprehensive search was conducted across bibliographic datasets, including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, using relevant queries from several related published articles and the Medical Subject Headings Database. Then, all morphological, biomechanical, histopathological, and cellular-molecular outcomes were systematically collected. A total of 30 studies were identified based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. These studies underwent assessment using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation risk of bias assessment tool. The results indicate that exosomes exhibit promise as effective drug delivery platforms, capable of hindering cancer cell viability, proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. However, a comprehensive assessment is challenging due to some studies deviating from guidelines and having incomplete methodology. Addressing these, future studies should detail methodologies, optimize dosing, and enhance exosome production. Standardization in reporting, consistent protocols, and exploration of alternative sources are crucial.

Published
2024
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32. Effect of heat treatment on optical properties of crosslinkable Azo Chromophore doped in poly amic acid

Author

Hamedi S. and Gharavi A.

Subjects
azo chromophore, poly amic acid, thermal annealing, waveguiding, r33, Applied optics. Photonics, TA1501-1820, Optics. Light, QC350-467
Abstract

In this work, we have studied the optical properties of a crosslinkable poly amic acid containing Disperse Red 1. The thin films were cured at 130, 160 and 195°C. The structural and optical properties of the doped films were investigated by using UV-VIS spectra, and Prism Coupling techniques. The composite crosslinks during poling rendering it totally insoluble. A r33 of 1.5 pm/v was obtained after poling.

Published
2015
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33. Genome-wide association analyses define pathogenic signaling pathways and prioritize drug targets for IgA nephropathy

Author

Kiryluk, Krzysztof, Sanchez-Rodriguez, Elena, Zhou, Xu-Jie, Zanoni, Francesca, Liu, Lili, Mladkova, Nikol, Khan, Atlas, Marasa, Maddalena, Zhang, Jun Y., Balderes, Olivia, Sanna-Cherchi, Simone, Bomback, Andrew S., Canetta, Pietro A., Appel, Gerald B., Radhakrishnan, Jai, Trimarchi, Hernan, Sprangers, Ben, Cattran, Daniel C., Reich, Heather, Pei, York, Ravani, Pietro, Galesic, Kresimir, Maixnerova, Dita, Tesar, Vladimir, Stengel, Benedicte, Metzger, Marie, Canaud, Guillaume, Maillard, Nicolas, Berthoux, Francois, Berthelot, Laureline, Pillebout, Evangeline, Monteiro, Renato, Nelson, Raoul, Wyatt, Robert J., Smoyer, William, Mahan, John, Samhar, Al-Akash, Hidalgo, Guillermo, Quiroga, Alejandro, Weng, Patricia, Sreedharan, Raji, Selewski, David, Davis, Keefe, Kallash, Mahmoud, Vasylyeva, Tetyana L., Rheault, Michelle, Chishti, Aftab, Ranch, Daniel, Wenderfer, Scott E., Samsonov, Dmitry, Claes, Donna J., Akchurin, Oleh, Goumenos, Dimitrios, Stangou, Maria, Nagy, Judit, Kovacs, Tibor, Fiaccadori, Enrico, Amoroso, Antonio, Barlassina, Cristina, Cusi, Daniele, Del Vecchio, Lucia, Battaglia, Giovanni Giorgio, Bodria, Monica, Boer, Emanuela, Bono, Luisa, Boscutti, Giuliano, Caridi, Gianluca, Lugani, Francesca, Ghiggeri, GianMarco, Coppo, Rosanna, Peruzzi, Licia, Esposito, Vittoria, Esposito, Ciro, Feriozzi, Sandro, Polci, Rosaria, Frasca, Giovanni, Galliani, Marco, Garozzo, Maurizio, Mitrotti, Adele, Gesualdo, Loreto, Granata, Simona, Zaza, Gianluigi, Londrino, Francesco, Magistroni, Riccardo, Pisani, Isabella, Magnano, Andrea, Marcantoni, Carmelita, Messa, Piergiorgio, Mignani, Renzo, Pani, Antonello, Ponticelli, Claudio, Roccatello, Dario, Salvadori, Maurizio, Salvi, Erica, Santoro, Domenico, Gembillo, Guido, Savoldi, Silvana, Spotti, Donatella, Zamboli, Pasquale, Izzi, Claudia, Alberici, Federico, Delbarba, Elisa, Florczak, Michał, Krata, Natalia, Mucha, Krzysztof, Pączek, Leszek, Niemczyk, Stanisław, Moszczuk, Barbara, Pańczyk-Tomaszewska, Malgorzata, Mizerska-Wasiak, Malgorzata, Perkowska-Ptasińska, Agnieszka, Bączkowska, Teresa, Durlik, Magdalena, Pawlaczyk, Krzysztof, Sikora, Przemyslaw, Zaniew, Marcin, Kaminska, Dorota, Krajewska, Magdalena, Kuzmiuk-Glembin, Izabella, Heleniak, Zbigniew, Bullo-Piontecka, Barbara, Liberek, Tomasz, Dębska-Slizien, Alicja, Hryszko, Tomasz, Materna-Kiryluk, Anna, Miklaszewska, Monika, Szczepańska, Maria, Dyga, Katarzyna, Machura, Edyta, Siniewicz-Luzeńczyk, Katarzyna, Pawlak-Bratkowska, Monika, Tkaczyk, Marcin, Runowski, Dariusz, Kwella, Norbert, Drożdż, Dorota, Habura, Ireneusz, Kronenberg, Florian, Prikhodina, Larisa, van Heel, David, Fontaine, Bertrand, Cotsapas, Chris, Wijmenga, Cisca, Franke, Andre, Annese, Vito, Gregersen, Peter K., Parameswaran, Sreeja, Weirauch, Matthew, Kottyan, Leah, Harley, John B., Suzuki, Hitoshi, Narita, Ichiei, Goto, Shin, Lee, Hajeong, Kim, Dong Ki, Kim, Yon Su, Park, Jin-Ho, Cho, BeLong, Choi, Murim, Van Wijk, Ans, Huerta, Ana, Ars, Elisabet, Ballarin, Jose, Lundberg, Sigrid, Vogt, Bruno, Mani, Laila-Yasmin, Caliskan, Yasar, Barratt, Jonathan, Abeygunaratne, Thilini, Kalra, Philip A., Gale, Daniel P., Panzer, Ulf, Rauen, Thomas, Floege, Jürgen, Schlosser, Pascal, Ekici, Arif B., Eckardt, Kai-Uwe, Chen, Nan, Xie, Jingyuan, Lifton, Richard P., Loos, Ruth J. F., Kenny, Eimear E., Ionita-Laza, Iuliana, Köttgen, Anna, Julian, Bruce A., Novak, Jan, Scolari, Francesco, Zhang, Hong, and Gharavi, Ali G.

Published
2023
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38. A Hybrid Wired/Wireless Deterministic Network for Smart Grid

Author

Hu, Bin and Gharavi, Hamid

Subjects
Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing
Abstract

With the rapid growth of time-critical applications in smart grid, robotics, autonomous vehicles, and industrial automation, demand for high reliability, low latency and strictly bounded jitter is sharply increasing. High-precision time synchronization communications, such as Time Triggered Ethernet (TTE), have been successfully developed for wired networks. However, the high cost of deploying additional equipment and extra wiring limits the scalability of these networks. Therefore, in this paper, a hybrid wired/wireless high-precision time synchronization network based on a combination of high-speed TTE and 5G Ultra-Reliable and Low-Latency Communications (URLLC) is proposed. The main motivation is to comply with the low latency, low jitter, and high reliability requirements of time critical applications, such as smart grid synchrophasor communications. Therefore, in the proposed hybrid network architecture, a high-speed TTE is considered as the main bus (i.e., backbone network), whereas a Precision Time Protocol (PTP) aided 5G-URLLC-based wireless access is used as a sub-network. The main challenge is to achieve interoperability between the PTP aided URLLC and the TTE, while ensuring high precision timing and synchronization. The simulation results demonstrate the impact of the PTP-aided URLLC in maintaining network reliability, latency, and jitter in full coordination with the TTE-network.

Published
2021

39. Role of dephasing on the conductance signatures of Majorana zero modes

Author

Duse, Chaitrali, Sriram, Praveen, Gharavi, Kaveh, Baugh, Jonathan, and Muralidharan, Bhaskaran

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Conductance signatures that signal the presence of Majorana zero modes in a three terminal nanowire-topological superconductor hybrid system are analyzed in detail, in both the clean nanowire limit and in the presence of non-coherent dephasing interactions. In the coherent transport regime for a clean wire, we point out contributions of the local Andreev reflection and the non-local transmissions toward the total conductance lineshapes while clarifying the role of contact broadening on the Majorana conductance lineshapes at the magnetic field parity crossings. Interestingly, at larger $B$-field parity crossings, the contribution of the Andreev reflection process decreases which is compensated by the non-local processes in order to maintain the conductance quantum regardless of contact coupling strength. In the non-coherent transport regime, we include dephasing that is introduced by momentum randomization processes, that allows one to smoothly transition to the diffusive limit. Here, as expected, we note that while the Majorana character of the zero modes is unchanged, there is a reduction in the conductance peak magnitude that scales with the strength of the impurity scattering potentials. Important distinctions between the effect of non-coherent dephasing processes and contact-induced tunnel broadenings in the coherent regime on the conductance lineshapes are elucidated. Most importantly our results reveal that the addition of dephasing in the set up does not lead to any notable length dependence to the conductance of the zero modes, contrary to what one would expect in a gradual transition to the diffusive limit. We believe this work paves a way for a systematic introduction of scattering processes into the realistic modeling of Majorana nanowire hybrid devices and assessing topological signatures in such systems in the presence of non-coherent scattering processes., Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures

Published
2021
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40. Codes approaching the Shannon limit with polynomial complexity per information bit

Author

Dumer, Ilya and Gharavi, Navid

Subjects
Computer Science - Information Theory
Abstract

We consider codes for channels with extreme noise that emerge in various low-power applications. Simple LDPC-type codes with parity checks of weight 3 are first studied for any dimension $m\rightarrow\infty.$ These codes form modulation schemes: they improve the original channel output for any $SNR>$ $-6$ dB (per information bit) and gain $3$ dB over uncoded modulation as $SNR$ grows. However, they also have a floor on the output bit error rate (BER) irrespective of their length. Tight lower and upper bounds, which are virtually identical to simulation results, are then obtained for BER at any SNR. We also study a combined scheme that splits $m$ information bits into $b$ blocks and protects each with some polar code. Decoding moves back and forth between polar and LDPC codes, every time using a polar code of a higher rate. For a sufficiently large constant $b$ and $m\rightarrow\infty$, this design yields a vanishing BER at any SNR that is arbitrarily close to the Shannon limit of -1.59 dB. Unlike other existing designs, this scheme has polynomial complexity of order $m\ln m$ per information bit., Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures

Published
2021

43. Numerical Evaluation of the Cyclic Response Parameters of Steel–Concrete Composite Shear

Author

Asgarpoor, Masoumeh, Gharavi, Ali, Epackachi, Siamak, Imanpour, Ali, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Gupta, Rishi, editor, Sun, Min, editor, Brzev, Svetlana, editor, Alam, M. Shahria, editor, Ng, Kelvin Tsun Wai, editor, Li, Jianbing, editor, El Damatty, Ashraf, editor, and Lim, Clark, editor

Published
2023
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44. Macro Modeling of Steel-plate Concrete Composite Shear Walls in the OpenSees Environment

Author

Asgarpoor, Masoumeh, Gharavi, Ali, Epackachi, Siamak, Imanpour, Ali, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Gupta, Rishi, editor, Sun, Min, editor, Brzev, Svetlana, editor, Alam, M. Shahria, editor, Ng, Kelvin Tsun Wai, editor, Li, Jianbing, editor, El Damatty, Ashraf, editor, and Lim, Clark, editor

Published
2023
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45. Evaluation of the AISC Seismic Design Method for Steel-Plate Concrete Shear Walls

Author

Ali, Gharavi, Masoumeh, Asgarpoor, Siamak, Epackachi, Rasoul, Mirghaderi Seyed, Ali, Imanpour, di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Gupta, Rishi, editor, Sun, Min, editor, Brzev, Svetlana, editor, Alam, M. Shahria, editor, Ng, Kelvin Tsun Wai, editor, Li, Jianbing, editor, El Damatty, Ashraf, editor, and Lim, Clark, editor

Published
2023
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47. Association of COVID-19 Versus COVID-19 Vaccination With Kidney Function and Disease Activity in Primary Glomerular Disease: A Report of the Cure Glomerulonephropathy Study

Author

Ahn, Wooin, Appel, Gerald, Appelbaum, Paul, Babayev, Revekka, Chan, Brenda, D’Agati, Vivette Denise, Dogra, Samitri, Fernandez, Hilda, Gharavi, Ali, Hines, William, Husain, Syed Ali, Jain, Namrata, Kiryluk, Krzysztof, Lin, Fangming, Marasa, Maddalena, Markowitz, Glen, Rasouly, Hila Milo, Mohan, Sumit, Mongera, Nicola, Nestor, Jordan, Nickolas, Thomas, Radhakrishnan, Jai, Rao, Maya, Sanna-Cherchi, Simone, Shirazian, Shayan, Stokes, Michael Barry, Uy, Natalie, Valeri, Anthony, Vena, Natalie, Foroncewicz, Bartosz, Moszczuk, Barbara, Mucha, Krzysztof, Perkowska-Ptasińska, Agnieszka, Ghiggeri, Gian Marco, Lugani, Francesca, Ambruzs, Josephine, Liapis, Helen, Baracco, Rossana, Jain, Amrish, Isa Ashoor, Aviles, Diego, Srivastava, Tarak, Ahn, Sun-Young, Devarajan, Prasad, Erkan, Elif, Claes, Donna, Stone, Hillarey, Mason, Sherene, Gbadegesin, Rasheed, Gomez-Mendez, Liliana, Yin, Hong (Julie), Cai, Yi, Jens, Goebel, Steinke, Julia, Weaver, Donald, Lane, Jerome, Cramer, Carl, Pan, Cindy, Paloian, Neil, Sreedharan, Rajasree, Selewski, David, Twombley, Katherine, Bowers, Corinna, Dreher, Mary, Kallash, Mahmoud, Mahan, John, Sharpe, Samantha, Al-Uzri, Amira, Iragorri, Sandra, Belsha, Craig, Alge, Joseph, Braun, Michael, Gomez, A.C., Wenderfer, Scott, Vasylyeva, Tetyana, Feig, Daniel, Fuentes, Gabriel Cara, Hannah, Melisha, Nester, Carla, Chishti, Aftab, Klein, Jon, Katsoufis, Chryso, Seeherunvong, Wacharee, Wong, Craig, Mathews, Nisha, Barcia, John, Swiatecka-Urban, Agnes, Bartosh, Sharon, Hunley, Tracy, Dharnidharka, Vikas, Gaut, Joseph, Laurin, Louis-Philippe, Royal, Virginie, Achanti, Anand, Budisavljevic, Milos, Self, Sally, Ghossein, Cybele, Peleg, Yonatan, Wadhwani, Shikha, Almaani, Salem, Ayoub, Isabelle, Nadasdy, Tibor, Parikh, Samir, Rovin, Brad, Chang, Anthony, Fatima, Huma, Julian, Bruce, Novak, Jan, Renfrow, Matthew, Rizk, Dana, Chen, Dhruti, Derebail, Vimal, Falk, Ronald, Gibson, Keisha, Hogan, Susan, Jain, Koyal, Jennette, J. Charles, Mottl, Amy, Poulton, Caroline, Saha, Manish Kanti, Fogo, Agnes, Sanghani, Neil, Kidd, Jason, Muthusamy, Selvaraj, Hou, Jean, Lemley, Kevin, Mika, Warren, Russo, Pierre, Denburg, Michelle, Kogon, Amy, Meyers, Kevin, Pradhan, Madhura, O’Toole, John, Sedor, John, Sethna, Christine, Vento, Suzanne, Atta, Mohamed, Bagnasco, Serena, Neu, Alicia, Sperati, John, Adler, Sharon, Dai, Tiane, Dukkipati, Ram, Fervenza, Fernando, Sethi, Sanjeev, Kaskel, Frederick, Brathwaite, Kaye, Reidy, Kimberly, Weisstuch, Joseph, Wu, Ming, Zhdanova, Olga, Heymann, Jurgen, Kopp, Jeffrey, Waldman, Meryl, Winkler, Cheryl, Krissberg, Jill, Lafayette, Richard, Fahmeedah, Kamal, Talley, Elizabeth, Hladunewich, Michelle, Parekh, Rulan, Avila-Casado, Carmen, Cattran, Daniel, Heather, Reich, Boll, Philip, Drexler, Yelena, Fornoni, Alessia, Blazius, Brooke, Hodgin, Jeffrey, Oliverio, Andrea, Hogan, Jon, Palmer, Matthew, Abromovitz, Blaise, Mortiz, Michael, Alpers, Charles, Jefferson, J. Ashley, Brown, Elizabeth, Sambandam, Kamal, Roehm, Bethany, Graff, John, Gillespie, Brenda, Kretzler, Matthias, Nast, Cynthia, Barisoni, Laura, Guay-Woodford, Lisa M., Wang, Chia-shi, Glenn, Dorey A., Helmuth, Margaret, Smith, Abigail R., Bomback, Andrew S., Canetta, Pietro A., Coppock, Gaia M., Khalid, Myda, Tuttle, Katherine R., Bou-Matar, Raed, Greenbaum, Larry A., Robinson, Bruce M., Holzman, Lawrence B., Smoyer, William E., Rheault, Michelle N., Gipson, Debbie, and Mariani, Laura H.

Published
2024
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