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Hospitalizations are increasing among persons who use opioids, secondary to overdose and infections. Our study identified acute hospitalization as a reachable moment for engaging people who use drugs in increased screening and education about human immunodeficiency virus risk and prevention (preexposure prophylaxis)., Competing Interests: Potential conflicts of interest. S. A. S. has provided paid scientific consultation to Alkermes Inc and has received in-kind study drug donations from Alkermes Inc and Indivior Pharmaceutical Company for National Institutes of Health (NIH)–funded research. Sublocade was donated in-kind by Indivior Inc after an investigator-initiated application was approved. F. R. L. receives grant support from the NIDA, NCATS, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, US World Meds; receives research support from Aelis Pharmaceuticals; receives medication from Indivior for research; receives royalties from APA Publishing; served as an unpaid member of a scientific advisory board for Alkermes, Indivior, Novartis, Teva, and US WorldMeds; and is a consultant to Major League Baseball. S. S.’s spouse worked for Merck pharmaceuticals from 1997 to 2007 and retains company stock in his retirement account. There is no conflict of interest, but it is included in the interest of full disclosure. K. B. receives grant support from NIDA, NCATS, and the Duke Foundation. A. H. L. has served on advisory boards for Gilead Sciences and Merck Pharmaceuticals and received research funding from Gilead Sciences. E. N. has served as an investigator on NIH-funded studies that received donated medication or digital therapeutics from Alkermes, Braeburn, Camurus, Indivior, Chess Health, and Pear Therapeutics, and has served as a consultant without compensation to Alkermes, Camurus, Indivior, and Pear Therapeutics. All other authors report no potential conflicts., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.)