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Today, business organizations, seek to build creative capabilities by adopting advanced management concepts and methods such as employee voice to enable them facing potential challenges. This research investigates the impact of employee's voice on creative performance in a number of industrial companies in Baghdad City. The research's problem is started by the issues with weakness in corporate consciousness and the knowledge of employee voice that restrict firms from developing and innovating, and ignoring those voices except concerning the interest of companies. The main question of the research's problem is (What is the level of impact for employee voice on creative performance?). For the importance of the industrial sector in Iraq, the three companies which are Baghdad Soft Drinks Company, Electronic Industries Company, and the Iraqi Company for Carton Industry have been selected as a research domain. The research sample consists of 168 employees who work at these companies. Regarding to the statistical aspect, this research used the confirmative analysis coefficient, Cronbach's alpha coefficient, the weighted arithmetic, the standard deviation, the mean, the coefficient of relative difference, and relative weight (relative importance). The questionnaire was used as a main instrument for collecting data. Hypotheses were tested through statistical programs (AMOS.V.25, SPSS.V). One of the most important findings is the significant positive impact of employee voice on creative performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the problem of controlling quarter-vehicle semi-active suspension systems. Presently, the suspension system involves a magnetorheological (MR) damper featuring hysteretic behavior captured through the Bouc-Wen model. The control objective is to regulate well the chassis vertical position despite the road irregularities. The difficulty of the control problem lies in the nonlinearity of the system model, the uncertainty of some parameters and the inaccessibility to measurements of the hysteresis internal state variable. The control design is petformed using Lyapunov control design tools; it includes an observer providing online estimates of the hysteresis internal state and an adaptive state-feedback regulator. The adaptive controller, obtained by combining the state observer and the state-feedback regulator, is formally shown to meet the desired control objectives. This theoretical result is confirmed by several simulations. The latter illustrate the performances of the present adaptive controller and compare them with those of earlier control approaches and those of the passive suspension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The recovery from cardiac surgery involves resolving inflammation and remodeling with significant connective tissue turnover. Dynamics of smoldering inflammation and injury (white blood cells, platelets, CRP, IL-8, IL-6), vascular inflammation (IL-15, VEGF, RANTES), connective tissue remodeling (tenascin, MMP-9), cardiac injury and remodeling (YKL-40), and vascular remodeling (epiregulin, MCP-1, VEGF) were assessed up to 3 months after cardiac surgery. We hypothesize that at 3 months, studied markers will return to pre-surgical levels., Methods: Patients (n = 139) scheduled for non-emergent heart surgery were included, except for patients with pre-existing immunological aberrancies. Blood was collected before surgery(t baseline ), 24 h later(t 24h ) after the first sample, 7 days(t 7d ), and 3 months(t 3m ) after t baseline . Serum markers were measured via multiplex or ELISA. Electronic medical records (EMR) were used to extract demographical, pre-existing conditions and clinical data. Disposition (discharge home, discharge to facility, death, re-admission) was determined at 28 days and 3 months from admission., Results: Not all inflammatory markers returned to baseline (CRP↑↑, leukocytosis, thrombocytosis, IL-8↓, IL-6↓). Tenascin and YKL-40 levels remained elevated even at t 3m . YKL-40 serum levels were significantly elevated at t 24h and t 7d while normalized at t 3m . VEGF returned to the baseline, yet MCP-1 remained elevated at 3 months. CCL28 increased at 3 months, while RANTES and IL-15 declined at the same time. Disposition at discharge was determined by serum MMP-9, while YKL-40 correlated with duration of surgery and APACHE II 24h ., Conclusions: The data demonstrated an ongoing extracellular matrix turnover at 3 months, while acute inflammation and vascular remodeling resolved only partially., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

BACKGROUND Cardiac surgery triggers acute changes in serum leptin and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21). Considering their pleiotropic role in inflammation and abnormal glucose metabolism, perseverance of their abnormal serum level can have a long-term impact on recovery and end-organ failures. Long-term dynamics after cardiac surgery are unknown. MATERIAL AND METHODS Serum was collected from 123 patients before cardiac surgery (tbaseline) and 24 h (t24h), 7 days (t7d), and 3 months (t3m) later. Also, interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) assessed nonspecific inflammatory responses. Neurodegeneration was gauged with serum amyloid ß1-40 and ß1-42. Demographic and clinical information, including disposition at 28 days and t3m from admission, were collected. RESULTS Serum leptin increased at t24h (leptinbaseline=613+747.9 vs leptin24h=768±718.1; P=0.0083) and decreased at t7d (leptin7d=499.5±540.2; P=0.043). FGF-21 levels increased at t24h and t7d. Cytokines normalized by t3m. Presurgical leptin levels were higher in Asians and were the primary determinant of postoperative leptin changes. Leptin levels were most elevated in patients undergoing aortic valve and arch surgery; the perioperative increase was significant only in patients with mitral valve surgery. Leptin and FGF-21 did not correlate with markers of general inflammation (CRP, IL-6), which partially resolved after t3m. Amyloid ß1-42 at t3m correlated with leptin peak at t24h. Low prehospital FGF-21 level correlated with the incidence of perioperative stroke; postoperative FGF-21 correlated with discharge to facility vs home. CONCLUSIONS Leptin and FGF-21 evolve independently from the inflammatory response in the aftermath of cardiac surgery and correlate with cardiac remodeling and neurodegeneration markers.

Although several therapeutics are used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, there is still no definitive metabolic marker to evaluate disease severity and recovery or a quantitative test to end quarantine. Because severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects human cells via the angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and COVID-19 is associated with renin-angiotensin system dysregulation, we evaluated soluble ACE2 (sACE2) activity in the plasma/saliva of 80 hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 27 non-COVID-19 volunteers, and levels of ACE2/Ang (1-7) in plasma or membrane (mACE2) in lung autopsy samples. sACE2 activity was markedly reduced (p < 0.0001) in COVID-19 plasma (n = 59) compared with controls (n = 27). Nadir sACE2 activity in early hospitalization was restored during disease recovery, irrespective of patient age, demographic variations, or comorbidity; in convalescent plasma-administered patients (n = 45), restoration was statistically higher than matched controls (n = 22, p = 0.0021). ACE2 activity was also substantially reduced in the saliva of COVID-19 patients compared with controls (p = 0.0065). There is a strong inverse correlation between sACE2 concentration and sACE2 activity and Ang (1-7) levels in participant plasmas. However, there were no difference in membrane ACE2 levels in lungs of autopsy tissues of COVID-19 (n = 800) versus other conditions (n = 300). These clinical observations suggest sACE2 activity as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for COVID-19., Competing Interests: Authors declare no competing interests., (© 2022 The Authors.)

Background: Despite clinical relevance of immunological activation due to histone leakage into the serum following cardiac surgery, long-term data describing their longitudinal dynamic are lacking. Therefore, this study examines the serum levels of histone 3 (tH3) and its modifications (H3K4me3 and H3K27ac) alongside immune system activation during the acute and convalescence phases of cardiac surgery., Methods: Blood samples from fifty-nine individuals were collected before non-emergent cardiac surgery (t pre-op ) and 24 h (t 24hr ), seven days (t 7d ), and three months (t 3m ) post-procedure to examine serum levels of tH3, H3K4me3, and H3K27ac. Serum heat shock protein-60 (HSP-60) was a surrogate of the cellular damage marker. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) assessed smoldering inflammation. TNFα and IL-6 production by whole blood in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) evaluated immunological activation. Electronic medical records provided demographic, peri-operative, and clinical information. Paired longitudinal analyses were employed with data expressed as mean and standard deviation (X ± SD) or median and interquartile range (Me[IQ25; 75%]., Results: Compared to pre-operative levels (tH3 Pre-op  = 1.6[0.33;2.4]), post-operative serum tH3 significantly (p > 0.0001) increased after heart surgery (tH3 24hr  = 2.2[0.3;28]), remained elevated at 7 days (tH3 7d  = 2.4[0.37;5.3]), and at 3 months (tH3 3m  = 2.0[0.31;2.9]). Serum H3K27ac was elevated at 24 h (H3K27ac 24hr  = 0.66 ± 0.51; p = 0.025) and seven days (H3K27ac 7d  = 0.94 ± 0.95; p = 0.032) as compared to baseline hours (H3K27ac Pre-op  = 0.55 ± 0.54). Serum H3K4me3 was significantly diminished at three months (H3K4me3 Pre-op  = 0.94 ± 0.54 vs. H3K27ac 3m  = 0.59 ± 0.89; p = 0.008). tH3 correlated significantly with the duration of anesthesia (r 2  = 0.38). In contrast, HSP-60 normalized seven days after surgery. Peri-operative intake of acetaminophen, but no acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), acid, ketorolac or steroids, resulted in the significant depression of serum H3K4me3 at 24 h (H3K4me3 acetom-  = 1.26[0.71; 3.21] vs H3K4me3 acetom+  = 0.54[0.07;1.01]; W[50] = 2.26; p = 0.021). CRP, but not IL-6, remained elevated at 3 months compared to pre-surgical levels and correlated with tH3 24hrs (r 2  = 0.43), tH3 7d (r 2  = 0.71; p < 0.05), H3K4me3 7d (r 2  = 0.53), and H3K27ac 7d (r 2  = 0.49). Production of TNFα by whole blood in response to LPS was associated with serum tH3 24hrs (r 2  = 0.67). Diminished H3K4me3 24hrs, H3K27ac 24hrs , and H3K27ac 3m , accompanied the emergence of liver failure., Conclusions: We demonstrated a prolonged elevation in serum histone 3 three months after cardiac surgery. Furthermore, histone 3 modifications had a discrete time evolution indicating differential immune activation., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Incorporating the advanced practice provider (APP) in the delivery of tele critical care medicine (teleCCM) addresses the critical care provider shortage. However, the current literature lacks details of potential workflows, deployment difficulties and implementation outcomes while suggesting that expanding teleCCM service may be difficult. Here, we demonstrate the implementation of a telemedicine APP (eAPP) pilot service within an existing teleCCM program with the objective of determining the feasibility and ease of deployment. The goal is to augment an existing tele-ICU system with a balanced APP service to assess the feasibility and potential impact on the ICU performance in several hospitals affiliated within a large academic center. A REDCap survey was used to assess eAPP workflows, expediency of interventions, duration of tasks, and types of assignments within different service locations. Between 02/01/2021 and 08/31/2021, 204 interventions (across 133 12-h shift) were recorded by eAPP (n routine  = 109 (53.4%); n urgent  = 82 (40.2%); n emergent  = 13 (6.4%). The average task duration was 10.9 ± 6.22 min, but there was a significant difference based on the expediency of the task (F [2; 202] = 3.89; p < 0.022) and type of tasks (F [7; 220] = 6.69; p < 0.001). Furthermore, the eAPP task type and expediency varied depending upon the unit engaged and timeframe since implementation. The eAPP interventions were effectively communicated with bedside staff with only 0.5% of suggestions rejected. Only in 2% cases did the eAPP report distress. In summary, the eAPP can be rapidly deployed in existing teleCCM settings, providing adaptable and valuable care that addresses the specific needs of different ICUs while simultaneously enhancing the delivery of ICU care. Further studies are needed to quantify the input more robustly., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Identification of novel immune biomarkers to gauge the underlying pathology and severity of COVID-19 has been difficult due to the lack of longitudinal studies. Here, we analyzed serum collected upon COVID-19 admission (t1), 48 hours (t2), and seven days later (t3) using Olink proteomics and correlated to clinical, demographics, and therapeutic data. Older age positively correlated with decorin, pleiotrophin, and TNFRS21 but inversely correlated with chemokine (both C-C and C-X-C type) ligands, monocyte attractant proteins (MCP) and TNFRS14. The burden of pre-existing conditions was positively correlated with MCP-4, CAIX, TWEAK, TNFRS12A, and PD-L2 levels. Individuals with COVID-19 demonstrated increased expression of several chemokines, most notably from the C-C and C-X-C family, as well as MCP-1 and MCP-3 early in the course of the disease. Similarly, deceased individuals had elevated MCP-1 and MCP-3 as well as Gal-9 serum levels. LAMP3, GZMB, and LAG3 at admission correlated with mortality. Only CX3CL13 and MCP-4 correlated positively with APACHE score and length of stay, while decorin, MUC-16 and TNFRSF21 with being admitted to the ICU. We also identified several organ-failure-specific immunological markers, including those for respiratory (IL-18, IL-15, Gal-9) or kidney failure (CD28, VEGF). Treatment with hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, convalescent plasma, and steroids had a very limited effect on the serum variation of biomarkers. Our study identified several potential targets related to COVID-19 heterogeneity (MCP-1, MCP-3, MCP-4, TNFR superfamily members, and programmed death-ligand), suggesting a potential role of these molecules in the pathology of COVID-19., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Laudanski, Jihane, Antalosky, Ghani, Phan, Hernandez, Okeke, Wu, Rader and Susztak.)