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2. Effect of Some Stimulants and Irrigation Intervals on Growth and Volatile Oil Contents of Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) Plant.

Author

Massoud, Hekmat Y., Abd El-Kafie, Omaima M., Helaly, A. A., and Ghanem, M. E.

Subjects
ESSENTIAL oils, BETAINE, POTASSIUM silicate, IRRIGATION, AROMATIC plants, SAGE, STIMULANTS
Abstract

Copyright of Journal of Plant Production is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2023
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6. nGenetic Variability Studies in Calendula officinalis Plant.

Author

Massoud, Hekmat Y., Abd El-Kafie, Omaima M., Helaly, A. A., and Ghanem, M. E.

Subjects
CALENDULA officinalis, MEDICINAL plants, CHLOROPHYLL, INFLORESCENCES, HERITABILITY, AROMATIC plants
Abstract

Copyright of Journal of Plant Production is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2020
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7. Assessing soil water trajectories and WUE: a multi-year modeling approach to design resilient cereal-legume rotations in the dry areas

Author

Marrou, H., Ghanem, M. E., Hatem Belhouchette, Moeller, C., Sinclair, T. R., Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas [Maroc] (ICARDA), International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM), University of Tasmania [Hobart, Australia] (UTAS), North Carolina State University [Raleigh] (NC State), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Gritti E.S. (ed.), Wery J. (ed.), and University of Tasmania (UTAS)

Subjects
LEGUMINEUSE, SYSTEME DE CULTURE, CROPPING SYSTEMS, CEREALE, MODELE DE SIMULATION, [SDV.SA.AEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agriculture, economy and politics, RESILIENCE, WATER USE EFFICIENCY, SIMULATION MODEL, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, EFFICIENCE D'UTILISATION DE L'EAU, LEGUMES, ZONE SEMI ARIDE, CROP YIELD, MEDITERRANEAN REGION, REGION MEDITERRANEENNE, SEMIARID ZONES, RENDEMENT DES CULTURES, CEREALS
Abstract

W6. Pathways for sustainable intensification of African agriculture?; International audience; Cropping system simulation can address the complex and interactive nature of resilience and allows for biological (crop growth and development), physical (soil-water dynamics), chemical (soil carbon and N turnover), and management related (e.g. crop choice, applications of nitrogen fertilizer, timing of sowing) aspects of resilience to be quantified. Soltani & Sinclair (2012) recently presented a non-calibrated, mechanistic, simple model, called Simple Simulation Model (SSM), which uses a generic approach for simulating the growth and yield of cereal and legume crops. The robustness of the legume and cereal versions of SSM has been demonstrated for a wide range of environments and various species including wheat (Soltani et al., 2013) and chickpea (Vadez et al. 2013). In cropping systems of the semi-arid Mediterranean region, variable and deficient rainfall and drought episodes are primary constraints to productivity. Under these conditions, maximizing water-use efficiency (WUE, defined as the ratio of yield per unit evapotranspiration) is critical. Hence the accurate prediction of soil-water dynamics and crop–water relations is required to identify management strategies that increase the use of scarce rainfall and its conversion into grain yield. We applied SSM to examine rotations including wheat and chickpea that are representative of rainfed environments of the southern and eastern Mediterranean.

Published
2015

8. Ectopic overexpression of the cell wall invertase gene CIN1 leads to dehydration avoidance in tomato

Author

Albacete, Alfonso, Cantero-Navarro, Elena, Großkinsky, Dominik K., Arias, Cintia L., Balibrea, M.E., Bru-Martínez, Roque, Fragner, L., Ghanem, M. E., De La Cruz, M., Hernández, José Antonio, Martínez-Andújar, Cristina, van der Graaf, E. R., Weckwerth, W., Zellnig, G., Pérez-Alfocea, Francisco, Roitsch, Thomas, Albacete, Alfonso, Cantero-Navarro, Elena, Großkinsky, Dominik K., Arias, Cintia L., Balibrea, M.E., Bru-Martínez, Roque, Fragner, L., Ghanem, M. E., De La Cruz, M., Hernández, José Antonio, Martínez-Andújar, Cristina, van der Graaf, E. R., Weckwerth, W., Zellnig, G., Pérez-Alfocea, Francisco, and Roitsch, Thomas

Abstract

© The Author 2014. Drought stress conditions modify source-sink relations, thereby influencing plant growth, adaptive responses, and consequently crop yield. Invertases are key metabolic enzymes regulating sink activity through the hydrolytic cleavage of sucrose into hexose monomers, thus playing a crucial role in plant growth and development. However, the physiological role of invertases during adaptation to abiotic stress conditions is not yet fully understood. Here it is shown that plant adaptation to drought stress can be markedly improved in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by overexpression of the cell wall invertase (cwInv) gene CIN1 from Chenopodium rubrum. CIN1 overexpression limited stomatal conductance under normal watering regimes, leading to reduced water consumption during the drought period, while photosynthetic activity was maintained. This caused a strong increase in water use efficiency (up to 50%), markedly improving water stress adaptation through an efficient physiological strategy of dehydration avoidance. Drought stress strongly reduced cwInv activity and induced its proteinaceous inhibitor in the leaves of the wild-type plants. However, the CIN1-overexpressing plants registered 3- to 6-fold higher cwInv activity in all analysed conditions. Surprisingly, the enhanced invertase activity did not result in increased hexose concentrations due to the activation of the metabolic carbohydrate fluxes, as reflected by the maintenance of the activity of key enzymes of primary metabolism and increased levels of sugar-phosphate intermediates under water deprivation. The induced sink metabolism in the leaves explained the maintenance of photosynthetic activity, delayed senescence, and increased source activity under drought stress. Moreover, CIN1 plants also presented a better control of production of reactive oxygen species and sustained membrane protection. Those metabolic changes conferred by CIN1 overexpression were accompanied by increases in the conc

Published
2015

9. Detection of <italic>APAF1</italic> mutation in Holstein cows and mummified foetuses in Japanese dairy herds.

Author

Ghanem, M. E., Nishibori, M., Isobe, N., and Hisaeda, K.

Subjects
*COWS, *GENETIC mutation, *ARTIFICIAL insemination, *PROGESTERONE, *MUMMIFIED animals, *REPRODUCTION
Abstract

Contents: Some of the highest genetic merit sires have been shown to harbour recessive mutations affecting fertility, which may spread rapidly in the population through AI. These disorders may result in abortion and decline in pregnancy per insemination in cows. This study was carried out on 240 Holstein‐Friesian cows and 15 mummified foetuses. Blood and tissue samples were collected from the cows and mummified foetuses, respectively, for DNA extraction. Allele‐specific PCR was designed for the detection of the cows and foetuses carrying the nonsense mutation (C/T) in apoptosis peptide activating factor 1 gene (APAF1). The mutant allele frequency of the APAF1 in carrier cows and mummified foetuses was calculated. Milk samples were taken from the carrier and non‐carrier cows for progesterone assay. The allele‐specific PCR reaction efficiently distinguished the C/T mutation in APAF1. Of 240 cows, seven cows (2.9%) were diagnosed to carry one copy of the mutant allele of APAF1. However, the carrier frequency was 33.3% in mummified foetuses (five of 15). The mutant allele frequency was 0.02 and 0.17 in the cows and mummified foetuses, respectively. Concentrations of progesterone did not differ between cows with APAF1 mutation and non‐carrier cows during 45 days post‐insemination. This study provided allele‐specific PCR for the detection of APAF1 mutation in cows. Moreover, it reports the carrier and mutant allele frequencies of APAF1 in dairy cows and mummified foetuses in Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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10. Ectopic overexpression of the cell wall invertase gene CIN1 leads to dehydration avoidance in tomato

Author

Albacete, A., primary, Cantero-Navarro, E., additional, Grosskinsky, D. K., additional, Arias, C. L., additional, Balibrea, M. E., additional, Bru, R., additional, Fragner, L., additional, Ghanem, M. E., additional, de la Cruz Gonzalez, M., additional, Hernandez, J. A., additional, Martinez-Andujar, C., additional, van der Graaff, E., additional, Weckwerth, W., additional, Zellnig, G., additional, Perez-Alfocea, F., additional, and Roitsch, T., additional

Published
2015
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11. Hormonal changes during salinity-induced leaf senescence in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Author

Ghanem, M. E., Albacete, Alfonso, Martínez-Andújar, Cristina, Acosta, Manuel, Romero-Aranda, Remedios, Dodd, Ian C., Lutts, S., Pérez-Alfocea, Francisco, Ghanem, M. E., Albacete, Alfonso, Martínez-Andújar, Cristina, Acosta, Manuel, Romero-Aranda, Remedios, Dodd, Ian C., Lutts, S., and Pérez-Alfocea, Francisco

Abstract

Leaf senescence is one of the most limiting factors to plant productivity under salinity. Both the accumulation of specific toxic ions (e.g. Na+) and changes in leaf hormone relations are involved in the regulation of this process.

Published
2008

12. REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY

Author

Karasu, Y., primary, Dilbaz, B., additional, Demir, B., additional, Dilbaz, S., additional, Secilmis Kerimoglu, O., additional, Ercan, C. M., additional, Keskin, U., additional, Korkmaz, C., additional, Duru, N. K., additional, Ergun, A., additional, de Zuniga, I., additional, Horton, M., additional, Oubina, A., additional, Scotti, L., additional, Abramovich, D., additional, Pascuali, N., additional, Tesone, M., additional, Parborell, F., additional, Bouzas, N., additional, Yang, X. H., additional, Chen, S. L., additional, Chen, X., additional, Ye, D. S., additional, Zheng, H. Y., additional, Nyboe Andersen, A., additional, Lauritsen, M. P., additional, Thuesen, L. L., additional, Khodadadi, M., additional, Shivabasavaiah, S., additional, Mozafari, R., additional, Ansari, Z., additional, Hamdine, O., additional, Broekmans, F., additional, Eijkemans, M. J. C., additional, Cohlen, B. J., additional, Verhoeff, A., additional, van Dop, P. A., additional, Bernardus, R. E., additional, Lambalk, C. B., additional, Oosterhuis, G. J. E., additional, Holleboom, C., additional, van den Dool-Maasland, G. C., additional, Verburg, H. J., additional, van der Heijden, P. F. M., additional, Blankhart, A., additional, Fauser, B. C. J. M., additional, Laven, J. S. E., additional, Macklon, N. S., additional, Agudo, D., additional, Lopez, C., additional, Alonso, M., additional, Huguet, E., additional, Bronet, F., additional, Garcia-Velasco, J. A., additional, Requena, A., additional, Gonzalez Comadran, M., additional, Checa, M. A., additional, Duran, M., additional, Fabregues, F., additional, Carreras, R., additional, Ersahin, A., additional, Kahraman, S., additional, Kavrut, M., additional, Gorgen, B., additional, Acet, M., additional, Dokuzeylul, N., additional, Aybar, F., additional, Lim, S. Y., additional, Park, J. C., additional, Bae, J. G., additional, Kim, J. I., additional, Rhee, J. H., additional, Mahran, A., additional, Abdelmeged, A., additional, El-Adawy, A., additional, Eissa, M., additional, Darne, J., additional, Shaw, R. W., additional, Amer, S. A., additional, Dai, A., additional, Yan, G., additional, He, Q., additional, Hu, Y., additional, Sun, H., additional, Ferrero, H., additional, Gomez, R., additional, Garcia-Pascual, C. M., additional, Simon, C., additional, Gaytan, F., additional, Pellicer, A., additional, Garcia Pascual, C. M., additional, Zimmermann, R. C., additional, Madani, T., additional, Mohammadi Yeganeh, L., additional, Khodabakhshi, S. H., additional, Akhoond, M. R., additional, Hasani, F., additional, Monzo, C., additional, Haouzi, D., additional, Assou, S., additional, Dechaud, H., additional, Hamamah, S., additional, Amer, S., additional, Mahran, M., additional, Shaw, R., additional, Lan, V., additional, Nhu, G., additional, Tuong, H., additional, Mahmoud Youssef, M. A., additional, Aboulfoutouh, I., additional, Al-inany, H., additional, Van Der Veen, F., additional, Van Wely, M., additional, Zhang, Q., additional, Fang, T., additional, Wu, S., additional, Zhang, L., additional, Wang, B., additional, Li, X., additional, Ding, L., additional, Day, A., additional, Fulford, B., additional, Boivin, J., additional, Alanbay, I., additional, Sakinci, M., additional, Coksuer, H., additional, Ozturk, M., additional, Tapan, S., additional, Chung, C. K., additional, Chung, Y., additional, Seo, S., additional, Aksoy, S., additional, Yakin, K., additional, Caliskan, S., additional, Salar, Z., additional, Ata, B., additional, Urman, B., additional, Devroey, P., additional, Arce, J. C., additional, Harrison, K., additional, Irving, J., additional, Osborn, J., additional, Harrison, M., additional, Fusi, F., additional, Arnoldi, M., additional, Cappato, M., additional, Galbignani, E., additional, Galimberti, A., additional, Zanga, L., additional, Frigerio, L., additional, Taghavi, S. A., additional, Ashrafi, M., additional, Karimian, L., additional, Mehdizadeh, M., additional, Joghataie, M., additional, Aflatoonian, R., additional, Xu, B., additional, Cui, Y. G., additional, Gao, L. L., additional, Diao, F. Y., additional, Li, M., additional, Liu, X. Q., additional, Liu, J. Y., additional, Jiang, F., additional, Jee, B. C., additional, Yi, G., additional, Kim, J. Y., additional, Suh, C. S., additional, Kim, S. H., additional, Liu, S., additional, Cai, L. B., additional, Liu, J. J., additional, Ma, X., additional, Geenen, E., additional, Bots, R. S. G. M., additional, Smeenk, J. M. J., additional, Chang, E., additional, Lee, W., additional, Seok, H., additional, Kim, Y., additional, Han, J., additional, Yoon, T., additional, Lazaros, L., additional, Xita, N., additional, Zikopoulos, K., additional, Makrydimas, G., additional, Kaponis, A., additional, Sofikitis, N., additional, Stefos, T., additional, Hatzi, E., additional, Georgiou, I., additional, Atilgan, R., additional, Kumbak, B., additional, Sahin, L., additional, Ozkan, Z. S., additional, Simsek, M., additional, Sapmaz, E., additional, Karacan, M., additional, Alwaeely, F. A., additional, Cebi, Z., additional, Berberoglugil, M., additional, Ulug, M., additional, Camlibel, T., additional, Yelke, H., additional, Kamalak, Z., additional, Carlioglu, A., additional, Akdeniz, D., additional, Uysal, S., additional, Inegol Gumus, I., additional, Ozturk Turhan, N., additional, Regan, S., additional, Yovich, J., additional, Stanger, J., additional, Almahbobi, G., additional, Kara, M., additional, Aydin, T., additional, Turktekin, N., additional, Youssef, M., additional, Al-Inany, H., additional, van der Veen, F., additional, van Wely, M., additional, Hart, R., additional, Doherty, D., additional, Frederiksen, H., additional, Keelan, J., additional, Pennell, C., additional, Newnham, J., additional, Skakkebaek, N., additional, Main, K., additional, Salem, H. T., additional, Ismail, A. a., additional, Viola, M., additional, Siebert, T. I., additional, Steyn, D. W., additional, Kruger, T. F., additional, Robin, G., additional, Dewailly, D., additional, Thomas, P., additional, Leroy, M., additional, Lefebvre, C., additional, soudan, B., additional, Pigny, P., additional, Decanter, C., additional, ElPrince, M., additional, Wang, F., additional, Zhu, Y., additional, Huang, H., additional, Valdez Morales, F., additional, Vital Reyes, V., additional, Mendoza Rodriguez, A., additional, Gamboa Dominguez, A., additional, Cerbon, M., additional, Aizpurua, J., additional, Ramos, B., additional, Luehr, B., additional, Moragues, I., additional, Rogel, S., additional, Cil, A. P., additional, Guler, Z. B., additional, Kisa, U., additional, Albu, A., additional, Radian, S., additional, Grigorescu, F., additional, Albu, D., additional, Fica, S., additional, Al Boghdady, L., additional, Ghanem, M. E., additional, Hassan, M., additional, Helal, A. S., additional, Ozdogan, S., additional, Ozdegirmenci, O., additional, Cinar, O., additional, Goktolga, U., additional, Seeber, B., additional, Tsybulyak, I., additional, Bottcher, B., additional, Grubinger, T., additional, Czech, T., additional, Wildt, L., additional, Wojcik, J., additional, Howles, C. M., additional, Destenaves, B., additional, Arriagada, P., additional, Tavmergen, E., additional, Sahin, G., additional, Akdogan, A., additional, Levi, R., additional, Goker, E. N. T., additional, Loft, A., additional, Smitz, J., additional, Ricciardi, L., additional, Di Florio, C., additional, Busacca, M., additional, Gagliano, D., additional, Immediata, V., additional, Selvaggi, L., additional, Romualdi, D., additional, Guido, M., additional, Bouhanna, P., additional, Salama, S., additional, Kamoud, Z., additional, Torre, A., additional, Paillusson, B., additional, Fuchs, F., additional, Bailly, M., additional, Wainer, R., additional, Tagliaferri, V., additional, Tartaglia, C., additional, Cirella, E., additional, Aflatoonian, A., additional, Eftekhar, M., additional, Mohammadian, F., additional, Yousefnejad, F., additional, De Cicco, S., additional, Campagna, G., additional, Depalo, R., additional, Lippolis, C., additional, Vacca, M., additional, Nardelli, C., additional, Cavallini, A., additional, Panic, T., additional, Mitulovic, G., additional, Franz, M., additional, Sator, K., additional, Tschugguel, W., additional, Pietrowski, D., additional, Hildebrandt, T., additional, Cupisti, S., additional, Giltay, E. J., additional, Gooren, L. J., additional, Oppelt, P. G., additional, Hackl, J., additional, Reissmann, C., additional, Schulze, C., additional, Heusinger, K., additional, Attig, M., additional, Hoffmann, I., additional, Beckmann, M. W., additional, Dittrich, R., additional, Mueller, A., additional, Sharma, S., additional, Singh, S., additional, Chakravarty, A., additional, Sarkar, A., additional, Rajani, S., additional, Chakravarty, B. N., additional, Ozturk, E., additional, Isikoglu, S., additional, Kul, S., additional, Hillensjo, T., additional, Witjes, H., additional, Elbers, J., additional, Mannaerts, B., additional, Gordon, K., additional, Krasnopolskaya, K., additional, Galaktionova, A., additional, Gorskaya, O., additional, Kabanova, D., additional, Venturella, R., additional, Morelli, M., additional, Mocciaro, R., additional, Capasso, S., additional, Cappiello, F., additional, Zullo, F., additional, Monterde, M., additional, Marzal, A., additional, Vega, O., additional, Rubio-Rubio, J. M., additional, Diaz-Garcia, C., additional, Kolibianakis, E., additional, Griesinger, G., additional, Yding Andersen, C., additional, Ocal, P., additional, Guralp, O., additional, Aydogan, B., additional, Irez, T., additional, Cetin, M., additional, Senol, H., additional, Erol, N., additional, Rombauts, L., additional, Van Kuijk, J., additional, Montagut, J., additional, Nogueira, D., additional, Porcu, G., additional, Chomier, M., additional, Giorgetti, C., additional, Nicollet, B., additional, Degoy, J., additional, Lehert, P., additional, Alviggi, C., additional, De Rosa, P., additional, Vallone, R., additional, Picarelli, S., additional, Coppola, M., additional, Conforti, A., additional, Strina, I., additional, Di Carlo, C., additional, De Placido, G., additional, Haeberle, L., additional, Demirtas, O., additional, Fatemi, H., additional, Shapiro, B. S., additional, Mannaerts, B. M., additional, Chimote, M. N., additional, Mehta, B. N., additional, Chimote, N. N., additional, Nath, N. M., additional, Chimote, N. M., additional, Karia, S., additional, Bonifacio, M., additional, Bowman, M., additional, McArthur, S., additional, Jung, J., additional, Cho, S., additional, Choi, Y., additional, Lee, B., additional, Lee, K. H., additional, Kim, C. H., additional, Kwon, S. K., additional, Kang, B. M., additional, Jung, K. S., additional, Basios, G., additional, Trakakis, E., additional, Hatziagelaki, E., additional, Vaggopoulos, V., additional, Tsiavou, A., additional, Panagopoulos, P., additional, Chrelias, C., additional, Kassanos, D., additional, Sarhan, A., additional, Elsamanoudy, A., additional, Harira, M., additional, Dogan, S., additional, Bozdag, G., additional, Esinler, I., additional, Polat, M., additional, and Yarali, H., additional

Published
2012
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17. Effects of season on plasma progesterone profiles in repeat breeding cows.

Author

GHANEM, M. E. and NISHIBORI, M.

Subjects
*PROGESTERONE, *BLOOD plasma, *CATTLE breeding, *PREGNANCY in animals, EMBRYONIC motility
Abstract

Forty six Holstein Friesian repeat breeding cows (the average AI/conception was 5.2 ± 0.2) were investigated using the progesterone assay after AI to determine possible differences in plasma progesterone profiles between summer and winter seasons. Twenty eight (60.9%) and 18 (39.1%) cows were followed in summer (June-August) and winter (December-February), respectively. In the summer season, the total progesterone concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) in pregnant cows with normal luteal function compared to those in non-pregnant animals with abnormal luteal function. In contrast, in the winter season, there was no difference (P = 0.12) in total progesterone concentrations between pregnant and non-pregnant cows with normal or abnormal luteal functions. When the progesterone concentrations were compared, the pregnant and non-pregnant cows with normal luteal functions exhibited no difference (P = 0.92) in summer and winter seasons. Thus, the present study indicates that there is no effect of season on plasma progesterone profiles in repeat breeding cows; however in the summer season, the total progesterone concentrations were considerably higher in pregnant cows with normal luteal function compared to non-pregnant cows with abnormal luteal function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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18. Effect of Complex Vertebral Malformation on Luteal Function in Holstein Cows During Oestrous Cycle and Early Pregnancy.

Author

Ghanem, M. E., Suzuki, T., Kasuga, A., and Nishibori, M.

Subjects
*GENETIC mutation, *PROGESTERONE, *ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay, *ARTIFICIAL insemination of cattle, *PREGNANCY, *COWS
Abstract

Contents The reason why cows carrying the mutation of complex vertebral malformation (CVM) show poor reproductive capability although they carry only one mutant allele is still not fully understood. Monitoring the progesterone profiles during oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in carrier cows might help explain their lowered reproductive capability. Progesterone concentration was measured in 19 CVM carrier cows and 21 control cows during oestrous cycle and early pregnancy. Milk samples were collected from all cows starting on the day of artificial insemination until day 45 post-AI. Progesterone was measured in skim milk using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Progesterone concentration was significantly reduced on day 7 (p < 0.05) and day 9 (p < 0.01) post-insemination in conceived CVM carrier cows when compared with that in control conceived cows. The mean progesterone concentration during early pregnancy was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in conceived cows with CVM than that of control cows in the same period. However, the mean progesterone concentration did not differ significantly (p = 0.072) in CVM cows that showed fertilization failure or embryonic death than that of control cows. Additionally, of 13 conceived control cows, eight cows (61.5%) showed normal luteal function. In contrast, of nine conceived CVM cows, only four cows (44.4%) showed normal luteal function. The conception rate was 47.4% in CVM carrier cows and 61.9% in control cows, but this difference did not reach significance. In conclusion, progesterone concentration might be lowered during early pregnancy in conceived CVM cows compared with that in control cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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19. Genetic Description of Factor XI Deficiency in Holstein Semen in Western Japan.

Author

Ghanem, M. E. and Nishibori, M.

Subjects
*SEMEN, *GENETIC mutation, *COWS, *HOLSTEIN-Friesian cattle
Abstract

Contents Factor XI deficiency was detected in Holstein cows and mummified foetuses in Japan; however, no report is available about the occurrence of Factor XI deficiency in Holstein semen in Japan. Five hundred cows in twelve dairy farms in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan were under the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from the cows using a commercial DNA kits and screened to Factor XI mutation. Based on the information of the carrier cows found in the cattle population, four Holstein bulls were analysed for Factor XI mutation. DNA was extracted from bull’s semen using phenol chloroform method. Extracted genomic DNA of the bull’s semen was typed for Factor XI using specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. The resultant PCR was sequenced using big dye terminator sequencing method. The pedigree of the bulls was investigated. Furthermore, the inheritance of Factor XI mutation to next generation was estimated. Out of the 500 cows, five were heterozygous to Factor XI. Moreover, out of the four bulls, one was found to carry the mutation of Factor XI; it was also a complex vertebral malformation (CVM) carrier. In DNA sequencing, the insertion mutation of 76 bp of poly-adenine that characterizes the Factor XI deficiency was detected in the carrier bull as well as the carrier cows. Pedigree analysis of the carrier bull revealed that his father and mother ID were 2247419A and 14189172A, respectively, that originated from USA Holstein. Out of six daughter cows born to the carrier bull, one cow (16.6%) inherited Factor XI mutation, while three of them (50.0%) inherited CVM mutation. Autosomal recessive genes that affect cow’s reproduction have a particular concern to dairy industry. To our knowledge this is the first report of Factor XI mutation in Holstein semen in Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009
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20. Ovarian Cyclicity and Reproductive Performance of Holstein Cows Carrying the Mutation of Complex Vertebral Malformation in Japan.

Author

Ghanem, M. E., Isobe, N., Kubota, H., Suzuki, T., Kasuga, A., and Nishibori, M.

Subjects
*MENSTRUAL cycle, *CATTLE reproduction, *EXOCRINE secretions, *CATTLE parturition
Abstract

Contents This study was carried out on 71 lactating Holstein Friesian cows to investigate the resumption of ovarian cyclicity postpartum and the reproductive performance in cows carrying the mutation of complex vertebral malformation (CVM) compared with control ones. The cows were distributed in two dairy farms in Hiroshima Prefecture, Western Japan. Blood samples were collected from the cows to detect carrier cows with CVM mutation. Furthermore, plasma samples were collected weekly after calving from control cows (n = 10) and CVM carrier cows (n = 10), until 10 weeks postpartum to investigate the day of first ovulation and the resumption of ovarian cyclicity postpartum. The reproductive parameters were investigated and compared with control and CVM carrier cows. Thirty-six cows were diagnosed to be CVM carriers by DNA examination and confirmed later by DNA sequencing. The pedigree analysis of the carrier cows revealed that they were daughters of six types of CVM carrier semen that still was used in dairy farms in Western Japan. In terms of reproductive indices, there were no significant differences between the control and the CVM carrier cows on the day of the first ovulation postpartum and the interval from calving to first insemination. However, CVM carrier cows significantly required more inseminations per conception and showed a significantly longer period to conception and subsequent calving than control ones. In conclusion, the reproductive performance of the CVM carrier cows was lowered through conception failure that might indicate the occurrence of intra-uterine mortality in those cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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21. Milk Progesterone Profile at and after Artificial Insemination in Repeat-Breeding Cows: Effects on Conception Rate and Embryonic Death.

Author

Ghanem, M. E., Nakao, T., Nakatani, K., Akita, M., and Suzuki, T.

Subjects
*ARTIFICIAL insemination of cattle, *ANIMAL breeding, *SKIM milk, *EMBRYO mortality in livestock, *DOMESTIC animals, *COWS
Abstract

Contents The aim of this study was to investigate whether the skim milk progesterone concentrations at artificial insemination (AI) and day of rise of post-ovulatory progesterone concentration thereafter affect the conception and embryonic death rates in repeat-breeding cows. Milk samples were obtained from 96 repeat-breeding cows that failed to conceive to three or more AIs. The samples were taken from the cows at the day of AI and three times/week until day 45 post-AI. Skim milk was obtained after centrifugation and used for progesterone assay. The cows with a progesterone concentration more than 0.5 ng/ml at AI showed a significantly higher incidence of late embryonic death than those having a progesterone concentration <0.5 ng/ml at AI (p < 0.01). As the progesterone level at insemination rose, conception rate declined. A negative correlation was shown between conception rate and skim milk progesterone level at AI. Of 56 cows showing a rise of progesterone to 1 ng/ml or more within 6 days after AI, 28 cows (50%) conceived. On the contrary, only eight of 39 cows (20.5%) conceived when the progesterone rose up to 1 ng/ml after day 6 post-AI. We concluded that increased progesterone concentration at the time of AI and delayed rise of progesterone post-AI might lead to decrease in fertility in repeat-breeding cows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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23. Pregnancy outcome after renal allograft transplantation: 15 years experience.

Author

Ghanem ME, El-Baghdadi LA, Badawy AM, Bakr MA, Sobhe MA, and Ghoneim MA

Subjects
Adult, Egypt, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Retrospective Studies, Kidney Transplantation, Pregnancy Complications
Abstract

Objective: To present our 15 years' experience in the management of 67 pregnancies in renal allograft recipients in Egypt., Methods: A retrospective study of 67 pregnancies that occurred in 41 renal allograft recipients over the last 15 years. The study was performed in Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Nephrology & Urology Center at Mansoura University, Egypt., Results: Gestational diabetes occurred in 5.7%, infection in 13.4% and proteinuric hypertension in 19.2% of pregnancies. Graft dysfunction and obstructive uropathy occurred in 30.7% and 9.6% of pregnancies, respectively, but no episodes of graft rejection were reported. Pre-term labour was found in 40.9% and fetal growth retardation occurred in 19.2% of pregnancies. Perinatal mortality was in the order of 9.6%. Pregnancy outcome was better in non-cyclosporine group, in non-proteinuric hypertensive groups and in repeated pregnancies compared to the counter groups., Conclusion: Although pregnancy in renal transplant recipients is high-risk, successful outcome is expected for singleton pregnancy and is even better with repeated pregnancies in those cases with stable and good graft function. This satisfactory outcome is generally achieved if the graft is stable and the post-transplant interval is more than 2 years.

Published
2005
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