Search

Background: Combination therapy is an effective strategy for inhibiting cancer cells and stimulating the apoptosis gene, so the potential synergistic effects of combining Cassia fistula extract with cisplatin chemotherapy used in clinical practice have been studied. Objective: The study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of C. fistula extract in vitro as well as the precise molecular mechanisms. Materials and Methods: For 24 h, the human colon cancer cell line SW480 was given a variety of doses of cisplatin and plant extract, as well as cisplatin with various concentrations of C. fistula. MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of the cisplatin, plant extract, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of cisplatin with plant, and combination of cisplatin and plant against colon cancer cells. The expression of microRNA, BAX, and BCL2 was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results: The results showed that C. fistula extract exhibited higher cytotoxicity against colon cancer cells compared with untreated cells and showed synergistic effects when combined with cisplatin (CDDP). Cassia fistula extract induced cell apoptosis via the intrinsic (Bax and Bcl-2) apoptotic pathways and regulated the level expression of microRNA-145. In the SW480 cell line of colon cancer studies, C. fistula extract suppressed tumor growth through the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Our results showed synergistic effects when combined with IC50 of CDDP with Cassia extract through increasing the level of gene expression of Bax and reduced level expression of Bcl2. Also the regulated expression of microRNA-145. Conclusion: This study indicated that the synergistic of C. fistula extract and cisplatin significantly induce apoptosis by regulating the microRNA-145 gene, which is related to Bax and Bcl2 expression. Therefore, C. fistula, according to its cytotoxic and apoptotic activities, might be considered as a novel finding for the treatment of colon cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interaction of laser beams with metal oxide nanoparticles can be proposed for water remediation and cancer treatment. In this paper, H2Ti3O7 nanotubes (NTs) were synthesized by anodization technique and characterized using UV–visible, Raman scattering and FTIR and spectroscopies, field emission scanning and transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential, thermal analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The results declare that monoclinic hydrogen titanium oxide with a mean crystallite size of 16.0 nm is formed. The H2Ti3O7 NTs also have an average outer diameter and shell thickness of 34.0 nm and 1.69 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the NTs have considerable thermal stability and high colloidal stability with a negative surface charge value of − 39.6 mV. Additionally, the interactions of different laser lights with H2Ti3O7 NTs in the vicinity of lung and prostate cancer as two of the first frequent malignancy worldwide in male cancer with a significant increasing trend are in vitro investigated. The effects of various concentrations of bare H2Ti3O7 NTs at different incubation times in the presence and absence of laser light are investigated to estimate the effectiveness of the photodynamic therapy. Also, different laser wavelengths, laser intensities, and exposure times are applied to treat lung (A549 cells) and prostate (LNCap cells) treatment. The results indicated that H2Ti3O7 NTs can be an excellent candidate for the treatment of lung and prostate cancers and the reasons for the success of the treatment in dark and irradiated conditions are described in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metformin extract is distinguished by its therapeutic ability for many diseases and microbial revival, which increases the antioxidant capacity, inhibits inflammatory processes, and improves the metabolism of fats and blood sugar. The therapeutic efficacy of plant extracts is very important and has complementary efficacy, for example, Viscum L (VA) plant extract is frequently used in integrative medicine to reduce side effects in cancer patients, especially in ovarian cancer patients. The number of ovarian cancer patients in Iraq is increasing. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of Viscum extract, metformin, on ovarian cancer cells. Ovarian cancer cell (Ovcar-3) line was treated with metformin, Viscum album (mistletoe) seeds extract, laser irradiation, Viscum album (mistletoe) seeds with lased irradiation, and metformin with laser irradiation. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide cytotoxicity (MTT) assay was employed to evaluate the cellular effect of these treatments. The results showed that the viability of Ovcar-3 cells was significantly decreased with increasing Viscum album seeds extract concentration. Green Laser at 532 nm and 286 mW considerably reduced cells viability within relatively short exposure times. Cells growth inhibition of 25% was achieved after five minutes of laser irradiation. Treatments of the cells with different concentrations of plant extract followed by laser irradiation intensely reduced the cell viability to less than 15% compared to the control group. Treating the cells with metformin significantly decreased cell growth and proliferation, particularly at the metformin concentration of 31.25 µg/mL. Furthermore, a combination of metformin and laser irradiation decreased the cells viability by 125%. The results showed that Viscum album seeds extract and metformin had distinct effects in reducing the proliferation and vitality of cancer cells significantly, which might reach the therapeutic effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiation safer and with less side effects. When these two extracts combined with green laser light, the effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells increased greatly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autophagy processes are essential biological mechanisms control human cell survival and induction of cell death. Many researches indicate that cancer cells growth is affected by inhibition or induction of autophagy processes and laryngeal cancer "the most common type of head and neck cancer" is one of various types of tumors which effected by autophagy process. Numerous articles studied impact of adding autophagy inhibiter to cancer treatment protocol, and the current work study the in-vitro anticancer effect of doxorubicin alone and in combination with an autophagy inhibitor agent hydroxychloroquine against HEp-2 (laryngeal cancer) cell line. The present study suggested valuable effect of doxorubicin anticancer activity against HEp-2 cell line when used after hydroxychloroquine pretreatment, which may play promising role in treatment of laryngeal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al-Mustansiriyah Journal for Pharmaceutical Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although, chemotherapy still the main mode for managing cancer but its usage is limited by resistance and adverse effects which are depend on the dose. Other modes or techniques such as LASER irradiation, anti-cancer plant or nanometals particles can be used to solve this problem. In this study, we use three different agents (carboplatin, cassia fistula seed extract, and gold nanoparticles) where the cytotoxicity of them was investigated on prostate cancer (PC3) cell line. The PC3 cells were exposed to six doses for each of carboplatin, cassia fistula fruits extract, and gold nanoparticles. Then for each agent, the dose that gave significant decrease in the viability percent was used in combination with a constant dose of He-Ne laser (635 nm). From the results, we found that the inhibition percent was increased by the combination therapy as compared to the monotherapy for each agent. Also, the highest inhibition percent was observed in the combination of gold nanoparticles and 191 J/cm2 laser. In a conclusion, LAESR is an amazing technique to increase the cytotoxicity of the classical and non-classical methods for treating cancer especially its use in combination with gold nano-particles in the photo-thermal technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autophagy is a self-energy supplier process response to stressful or fasting conditions where cell degrades and recycles intracellular constituents as an alternative way of energy source. Unfortunately Autophagy process play important role in tumor cell resistance to anticancer drugs. Osteosarcoma is the most commonly diagnosed primary malignant tumor of the bone. The present study evaluates the role of Autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on doxorubicin-induced cell death in Osteosarcoma cell line (MG-63). The results of current study found that doxorubicin induced Autophagy in Osteosarcoma (MG-63) cells, exhibiting an increased microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)level, a decrease in SQSTM1 (p62) level, moreover using of Autophagy modulator increased in generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreased Autophagy activity and increased Osteosarcoma-cell death. Although doxorubicin-induced cell death was enhanced by combined with HCQ but at high concentration of doxorubicin the cytotoxicity was decreased with increased Autophagy activity. These finding suggest that Autophagy attenuate cytotoxicity effect of doxorubicin by decreasing level of ROS, while HCQ improved doxorubicincytotoxicity on Osteosarcoma by inhibiting of Autophagy process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Photobiomodulation-based therapy, a process that causes biological changes in organisms due to interaction with atoms or molecules by photons. Viscum album is often prescribed to improve many health issues. white-berry mistletoe extracts have been used in complementary and alternative cancer therapy in Europe. The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze the effect of a green laser (?= 532nm, Power= 286mW), Viscum album, and their combination on the viability (cytotoxic or enhancement) of colorectal cancer HCT-116 cell line after 24, 48 and 72 hours of incubation periods. Materials and Methods: Colorectal cell plates (HCT-116 cell line) grown in culture medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) were irradiated with a green laser, treated with the Viscum album extract, and treated with the combination of them and plates incubated for 24,48, and 72 hours respectively. Crystal violet assay used to determine the viability of the cells in all the experiments, and the intensity of color was measured by plate reader. Results: Green laser results showed a considerable decrease (P=0.001) after 48 and 72 hours incubation time in the viability percent, Viscum album extract appeared a considerable decrease in the viability percent (P=0.001) for all concentrations and the most effective concentration was 1000 µg/ml, and the combination results showed a significant decrease in cell viability percent (p=0.001) for all concentrations as compared with the control group. Conclusion: It was concluded that the higher concentration (1000µg/ml) of V. album had a better anticancer effect on HCT-116 cell line for 24,48 and 72 hours. The laser had a better anticancer effect after 48 and 72 hours. The combination results had a synergism effect by reducing the cell number more than using the Viscum album or a green laser separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mutations of the phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase (PI3k) Pathway in the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) may accelerate the malignant cells formation which is already genetically aberrant, resulting in further genomic aberrations in known cancer genes. The PI3KCA gene, which codes the catalytic subunit p110a, is one of the important mutated oncogenes found in human cancers and considered as a tool for diagnostic and therapeutic targets. The results of the sequence of PCR products of amplified gene PI3KCA in the hep2 cell line include three detected SNPs and were found to be previously known as rs138281424, rs1057519925, and rs751920344 for the detected G535A, G703A, and T606C, respectively. PIK3CA was a serious potential target for pathway-specific, kinase-inhibitor-based therapies in laryngeal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Colon cancer is the fifth most common type of malignant growth in the world. Although treatment of cancer have good clinical outcome, chemotherapy used in treatment of cancer is still required more development. In traditional medicine, crab (Brachyura) is recommended for treatment of cancer. Objective: Investigate the in-vitro cytotoxic effect of crab chloroform extract on colon HCT-116 cell line and normal cell line (MDCK). Material and Methods: Crab chloroform extract was prepared in many concentrations (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, 1000 µg/mL) and assessed on HCT and MDCK cell lines over two period of incubation (24 and 48 hours) by MTT assay. Data were analyzed using a one-sample test by SPSS (version 25) one way Anova computer program and P<0.05 and P<0.001 were considered significant and highly significant respectively. Result: In this study, it is found that HCT cells viability was significantly affected in time and dose dependent manner, thus 1000, 500, 250, 125 and 62.5 µg/mL doses showed a high significant (P<0.001) decrease in cell viability in comparison to the control group after 24 hours of incubation and 1000, 500, 250, 125, 62.5 and 31.25 doses showed a highly significant (P<0.001) decrease in cell viability after 48 hours of incubation in comparison to the control group. Occasionally normal MDCK cells viability was not significantly (P>0.05) affected by crab extract of both incubation periods (24 and 48 hours) except in high dose 1000 µg/mL after 48 hours was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The decrease in cell viability of colon cancer cells and unaffected normal cells reveal that the crab extract has a selective anti-proliferative effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is a significant rise in the prevalence of colon cancer worldwide. A variety of therapeutic approaches have been tried, but none have been successful due to the aggressive spread of the tumor. Natural products derived from plants have traditionally been used in the medical field. Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of Cassia Fistula cytotoxicity on a colon cancer cell line and the synergy between Cassia fistulae extract and cisplatin significantly to induce apoptosis through upregulation of p53 and Msh2. Material and methods: Real-Time polymerase chain reaction indicated that gene expression proteins were likely involved in the pathway when the cytotoxicity potential of the plant extract on colon cancer cells was assessed using the (MTT) test. The database search techniques used with colon cancer cells identified the p53 gene and Msh2 gene's apoptotic function. Results: Aqueous extract of the plant was most toxic to cancer cells. Further, p53 gene expression and Msh2 were observed to be high in cells treated with the plant extracts of C. fistula and IC50of cisplatin (CDDP) +Cassia Fistula suggesting an involvement of mitochondrial proteins in the colon cancer cell apoptosis. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that Cassia fistula extracts significantly regulate p53 and Msh2 expression to induce apoptosis. According to its cytotoxic and apoptotic action, Cassia fistula can be considered as a new discovery for the treatment of colon cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Wound is characterized as harm or disturbance to the typical anatomical organization and function. As a result, muscles, nerves, arteries, tendons, parenchymal organs, and even bone may be harmed. It can also cause a basic breach in the tissue's epithelial integrity, such as dermal tissue, alternatively it may extend farther deeply into the subcutaneous tissue. Ricinus communis is a plant belong to the vast and significant family of flowering plants known as the Euphorbiaceae, different parts of the plant have bioactivity against a variety of diseases, include diabetes, wound infections, constipation, paralysis, and discomfort. There are a variety of phyto-constituents present, which contributes to these medicinal applications, includes reducing sugars, poly-uronides, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. Aim of the study: To look into the impact of Ricinus Communis aqueous leaf extract on wound healing in MDCK cell line. Materials) and (Methods: vertical wound was made by using 200µl sterile plastic micropipette tip to press firmly against the cell monolayer of tissue culture plate. Then the wounded MDCK cell was exposed to different concentrations of Ricinus communis aqueous leaf extract (500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.6) µg/ml. Results: A) the concentration 125 µg/ml of R. communis aqueous extract caused significant increase in the cell viability percentage (p=0.05) of the MDCK normal Cell line B) all concentrations of Ricinus communis aqueous leaf extract caused highly significant decrease (p<0.001) in the diameter of the MDCK normal cell line induced wound after 3,6,9 hours of incubation and wound healing was completed after 12 hours of incubation. Conclusion: On the MDCK cell line, all concentrations of R.communis leaf aqueous extract have wound healing effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prostate cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and the sixth leading cause of cancer death among men worldwide. Herbal medicines are the principal source of health care known to humans. Natural compounds are essential sources of antioxidant and anti-cancer novel compounds, primarily resulting in high levels of variety and novelty. Nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of anticancer therapies imaging, diagnosis, and delivery of drugs using nanoparticles (NPs). In this study an attempt to assess the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Tamarix mannifera aqueous extract, functionalized single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT-COOH) and their combination on PC3 cell line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As placenta is essential for embryonic growth and development, informative for genetic disorders of the fetus and cause of maternal disease, thus, The best DNA storage methods by extracting DNA from 30 samples of placenta were gathered, segregated into three groups, is a key step: Fresh placental samples were extracted from first Group DNA; formalin and freeze were included in the second group, (-4°C) and formalin was incorporated and 8 months stored at room temperature in third group. The effects have shown that the best source of DNA placental is the clean, frozen one, DNA production became not produced by the samples stored in room temperature, ultimately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]