Author: "German Centre for Infection Research ( DZIF )" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"German Centre for Infection Research ( DZIF )"' showing total 1,722 results

Start Over Author "German Centre for Infection Research ( DZIF )"

1,722 results on '"German Centre for Infection Research ( DZIF )"'

1. EGF receptor modulates HEV entry in human hepatocytes

Author: Jil A. Schrader, Thomas L. Burkard, Yannick Brüggemann, André Gömer, Toni L. Meister, Rebecca M. Fu, Ann-Kathrin Mehnert, Viet L. Dao Thi, Patrick Behrendt, David Durantel, Ruth Broering, Florian W. R. Vondran, Daniel Todt, Volker Kinast, Eike Steinmann, Ruhr University Bochum, Institute for Hygiene and Microbiology, Department for Molecular and Medical Virology, Bochum, Germany, Schaller Research Group at the Department of Infectious Diseases and Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Cluster of Excellence CellNetworks, Heidelberg, Germany, Heidelberg Biosciences International Graduate School, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, a Joint Venture between the Medical School Hannover (MHH) and the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Institute for Experimental Virology, Hannover, Germany, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Transplant Medicine, Essen, Germany, Hannover Medical School, Department of General, Visceral and Transplant Surgery, Hannover, Germany, European Virus Bioinformatics Centre (EVBC), Jena, Germany, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Department of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Oldenburg, Germany, and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), External Partner Site, Bochum, Germany
Subjects: Hepatology, HEV, EGFR, Life cycle, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Viral entry, Medizin, Host factor
Abstract: Background and Aims: Being the most common cause for acute viral hepatitis with more than 20 million cases per year and 70 000 deaths annually, hepatitis E virus (HEV) presents a long neglected and under-investigated health burden. Although the entry process of viral particles is an attractive target for pharmacological intervention, druggable host factors to restrict HEV entry have not been identified so far.Approach and Results: Here we identify the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a novel host factor for HEV and reveal the significance of EGFR for the HEV entry process. By utilizing RNAi, chemical modulation with FDA-approved drugs and ectopic expression of EGFR, we revealed that EGFR is critical for HEV infection, without affecting HEV RNA replication or assembly of progeny virus. We further unveiled that EGFR itself and its ligand binding domain rather than its signaling function is responsible for the proviral effect. Modulation of EGF expression in HepaRG cells as well as primary human hepatocytes affected HEV infection.Conclusions: Taken together, our study provides novel insights into the life cycle of HEV and identified EGFR as a possible target for future anti-viral strategies against HEV.
Published: 2023

2. Respiratory Syncytial Virus Two-Step Infection Screen Reveals Inhibitors of Early and Late Life Cycle Stages

Author: Svenja M. Sake, Christina Kosch, Sebastian Blockus, Sibylle Haid, Antonia P. Gunesch, Xiaoyu Zhang, Martina Friesland, Sofie B. Trummer, Christina Grethe, Anne Kühnel, Jessica Rückert, W. Paul Duprex, Jiabin Huang, Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti, Martin Empting, Nicole Fischer, Anna K. H. Hirsch, Thomas F. Schulz, Thomas Pietschmann, HAL UVSQ, Équipe, Institute for Experimental Virology [Hanovre, Allemagne], Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research (TWINCORE), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)-Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)-Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Saarland University [Saarbrücken], Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), Infection et inflammation (2I), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], 11-76251-99-6/19, 14-76103-184 CORONA-13/ 20, ZN3437, Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, DZIF, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG: 390874280, EXC 2155, The purchase of the compound library and screening platform was made possible through financial support from the German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) within the framework of the Translational Infrastructure ‘Novel Antivirals.’, and A.K.H.H., T.P., and T.F.S. are funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under the Germany’s Excellence Strategy EXC 2155 'RESIST' (Project ID 390874280) T.P. and T.F.S. are funded by the SARS-CoV-2 Immediate Response Initiative funded by the State of Lower Saxony (14-76103-184 CORONA-13/ 20). T.P. is also funded by the INDIRA Project (11-76251-99-6/19 (ZN3437). T.P. and A.K.H.H. also received funds from the Helmholtz International Lab for anti-infectives, and T.F.S. and T.P. are funded by the German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF).
Subjects: [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Pharmacology, antivirals, Infectious Diseases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], RSV, Pharmacology (medical), drug screen, drug discovery
Abstract: International audience; Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) infection is a leading cause of severe respiratory tract infections. Effective, directly acting antivirals against hRSV are not available. We aimed to discover new and chemically diverse candidates to enrich the hRSV drug development pipeline. We used a two-step screen that interrogates compound efficacy after primary infection and a consecutive virus passaging. We resynthesized selected hit molecules and profiled their activities with hRSV lentiviral pseudotype cell entry, replicon, and time-of-addition assays. The breadth of antiviral activity was tested against recent RSV clinical strains and human coronavirus (hCoV-229E), and in pseudotype-based entry assays with non-RSV viruses. Screening 6,048 molecules, we identified 23 primary candidates, of which 13 preferentially scored in the first and 10 in the second rounds of infection, respectively. Two of these molecules inhibited hRSV cell entry and selected for F protein resistance within the fusion peptide. One molecule inhibited transcription/replication in hRSV replicon assays, did not select for phenotypic hRSV resistance and was active against non-hRSV viruses, including hCoV-229E. One compound, identified in the second round of infection, did not measurably inhibit hRSV cell entry or replication/transcription. It selected for two coding mutations in the G protein and was highly active in differentiated BCi-NS1.1 lung cells. In conclusion, we identified four new hRSV inhibitor candidates with different modes of action. Our findings build an interesting platform for medicinal chemistry-guided derivatization approaches followed by deeper phenotypical characterization in vitro and in vivo with the aim of developing highly potent hRSV drugs. Copyright
Published: 2022

3. Erratum: Survival trade-offs in plant roots during colonization by closely related beneficial and pathogenic fungi

Author: Stéphane Hacquard, Barbara Kracher, Kei Hiruma, Philipp C. Münch, Ruben Garrido-Oter, Michael R. Thon, Aaron Weimann, Ulrike Damm, Jean-Félix Dallery, Matthieu Hainaut, Bernard Henrissat, Olivier Lespinet, Soledad Sacristán, Emiel Ver Loren van Themaat, Eric Kemen, Alice C. McHardy, Paul Schulze-Lefert, Richard J. O’Connell, Department of Plant Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research (MPIPZ), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg, Computational Biology of Infection Research [Braunschweig], Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Max Von Pettenkofer Institute (MVP), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Department of Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf [Düsseldorf], Centro Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias, Departamento de Microbiología y Genétic, Universidad de Salamanca, Fungal Biodiversity Centre, BIOlogie et GEstion des Risques en agriculture (BIOGER), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques (AFMB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Recherche en Imagerie : Méthodes d'imagerie des Échanges transcapillaires (LRI - EA4062), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), BioInformatique Moléculaire (BIM), Département Biologie des Génomes (DBG), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Biotechnologia y Genomica de Plantas (UPM-INIA) and ETSI Agronomos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), German Centre for Infection Research - partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems (DZIF), Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) 15K18645, ANR-12-CHEX-0008,FUNAPP,Nouveaux rôles des appressoria de champignons pathogènes dans leurs interactions avec les plantes: détection des signaux de la plante et transfert d'effecteurs protéiques et de métabolites secondaires fongiques dans les cellules hôtes(2012), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research ( MPIPZ ), German Centre for Infection Research ( DZIF ), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research ( HZI ), Max von Pettenkofer-Institute, University of Munich, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences ( CEPLAS ), BIOlogie GEstion des Risques en agriculture - Champignons Pathogènes des Plantes ( BIOGER-CPP ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech, Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques ( AFMB ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Laboratoire de Recherche en Imagerie : Méthodes d'imagerie des Échanges transcapillaires ( LRI - EA4062 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), BioInformatique Moléculaire ( BIM ), Département Biologie des Génomes ( DBG ), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule ( I2BC ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule ( I2BC ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Universidad Politécnica de Madrid ( UPM )
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, General Physics and Astronomy, Chitin, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Phosphates, 03 medical and health sciences, Colletotrichum, Endophytes, Symbiosis, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], fungi, General Chemistry, Starvation, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Erratum, Genome, Fungal, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: The sessile nature of plants forced them to evolve mechanisms to prioritize their responses to simultaneous stresses, including colonization by microbes or nutrient starvation. Here, we compare the genomes of a beneficial root endophyte, Colletotrichum tofieldiae and its pathogenic relative C. incanum, and examine the transcriptomes of both fungi and their plant host Arabidopsis during phosphate starvation. Although the two species diverged only 8.8 million years ago and have similar gene arsenals, we identify genomic signatures indicative of an evolutionary transition from pathogenic to beneficial lifestyles, including a narrowed repertoire of secreted effector proteins, expanded families of chitin-binding and secondary metabolism-related proteins, and limited activation of pathogenicity-related genes in planta. We show that beneficial responses are prioritized in C. tofieldiae-colonized roots under phosphate-deficient conditions, whereas defense responses are activated under phosphate-sufficient conditions. These immune responses are retained in phosphate-starved roots colonized by pathogenic C. incanum, illustrating the ability of plants to maximize survival in response to conflicting stresses., Colletotrichum tofieldiae is a beneficial root endophyte, whereas the closely related C. incanum is pathogenic. Here the authors compare the genomes and transcriptomes during host plant interaction and demonstrate that the host plant can respond differently to the beneficial endophyte according to phosphate status.
Published: 2016

4. Cause-Specific Mortality in HIV-Positive Patients Who Survived Ten Years after Starting Antiretroviral Therapy

Author: Jonathan A C Sterne, Matthias Cavassini, Timothy R. Sterling, Amy C. Justice, Christoph Boesecke, Suzanne M Ingle, Fiona C Lampe, Robert Zangerle, Margaret T May, Victoria Hernando, Heidi M. Crane, Jorg-Janne Vehreschild, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Charles Cazanave, Adam Trickey, Colette Smit, José M. Miró, Michael S. Saag, Hasina Samji, Marta Montero, Leah Shepherd, Niels Obel, Sophie Grabar, Michael Gill, Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration (ART-CC), University of Bristol [Bristol], Koln University, Köln University, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg, Department of Infectious Diseases [Rigshospitalet], Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], University of Calgary, University of Washington [Seattle], Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, St. Paul's Hospital, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Cochin [AP-HP], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Groupe hospitalier Pellegrin, Université de Lausanne (UNIL), UCL Medical School, Università degli studi di Milano [Milano], Stichting HIV Monitoring [Amsterdam], Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), University of Alabama [Tuscaloosa] (UA), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Hospital La Fe, Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU), Yale University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University [Nashville], Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), German Centre for Infection Research - partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems (DZIF), Copenhagen University Hospital-Copenhagen University Hospital, Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Medical Research Council (Reino Unido), Department for International Development (Reino Unido), Unión Europea, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), German Centre for Infection Research ( DZIF ), Department of Infectious Diseases [Copenhagen], Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen]-University of Copenhagen ( KU ), Bonn Universität [Bonn], Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique ( iPLESP ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Université de Lausanne ( UNIL ), Universiteit van Amsterdam ( UvA ), University of Alabama [Tuscaloosa] ( UA ), Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] ( IMU ), and Yale School of Medicine
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, RNA viruses, Male, Pediatrics, Viral Diseases, Cancer Treatment, lcsh:Medicine, HIV Infections, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 0302 clinical medicine, Immunodeficiency Viruses, Risk Factors, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, Public and Occupational Health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Young adult, lcsh:Science, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Multidisciplinary, Transmission (medicine), Mortality rate, Viral Load, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Vaccination and Immunization, 3. Good health, AIDS, Infectious Diseases, Oncology, Medical Microbiology, Viral Pathogens, Cohort, Viruses, Female, Pathogens, Viral load, Cohort study, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Death Rates, Anti-HIV Agents, Immunology, Antiretroviral Therapy, Microbiology, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Antiviral Therapy, Population Metrics, Diagnostic Medicine, Virology, Retroviruses, Humans, Aged, Anti-HIV Agents/pharmacology, Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use, Demography, HIV Infections/drug therapy, HIV Infections/mortality, HIV-1/drug effects, HIV-1/physiology, Survival Analysis, Microbial Pathogens, Survival analysis, Population Biology, business.industry, lcsh:R, Lentivirus, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, HIV, medicine.disease, 030112 virology, Surgery, People and Places, HIV-1, lcsh:Q, Preventive Medicine, business, Viral Transmission and Infection
Abstract: OBJECTIVES: To estimate mortality rates and prognostic factors in HIV-positive patients who started combination antiretroviral therapy between 1996-1999 and survived for more than ten years. METHODS: We used data from 18 European and North American HIV cohort studies contributing to the Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration. We followed up patients from ten years after start of combination antiretroviral therapy. We estimated overall and cause-specific mortality rate ratios for age, sex, transmission through injection drug use, AIDS, CD4 count and HIV-1 RNA. RESULTS: During 50,593 person years 656/13,011 (5%) patients died. Older age, male sex, injecting drug use transmission, AIDS, and low CD4 count and detectable viral replication ten years after starting combination antiretroviral therapy were associated with higher subsequent mortality. CD4 count at ART start did not predict mortality in models adjusted for patient characteristics ten years after start of antiretroviral therapy. The most frequent causes of death (among 340 classified) were non-AIDS cancer, AIDS, cardiovascular, and liver-related disease. Older age was strongly associated with cardiovascular mortality, injecting drug use transmission with non-AIDS infection and liver-related mortality, and low CD4 and detectable viral replication ten years after starting antiretroviral therapy with AIDS mortality. Five-year mortality risk was
Published: 2016

5. Prior flavivirus immunity skews the yellow fever vaccine response to expand cross-reactive antibodies with increased risk of antibody dependent enhancement of Zika and dengue virus infection

Author: Antonio Santos-Peral, Fabian Luppa, Sebastian Goresch, Elena Nikolova, Magdalena Zaucha, Lisa Lehmann, Frank Dahlstroem, Hadi Karimzadeh, Beate M Kummerer, Julia Thorn-Seshold, Elena Winheim, Gerhard Dobler, Michael Hoelscher, Stefan Endres, Anne B Krug, Michael Pritsch, Giovanna Barba-Spaeth, Simon Rothenfusser, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology (ITMP), Helmholtz Zentrum München (HMGU), Virologie Structurale - Structural Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), This work was supported by FlavImmunity a combined grant of the German Research foundation (DFG) project number 391217598 to SR and ABK and the French National Research Agency (ANR) project number ANR-17-CE15-0031-01 to GBS, by DFG TRR237 grant project number 369799452 to SR and ABK (TRR237 TPB14) and BMK (TRR237 TPA04), by grants of the iMed consortium of the German Helmholtz Societies to SR, by the Einheit für Klinische Pharmakologie (EKLIP), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany to SR and SE, a Stipend (TI 07.003) by the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) to FL, grants by the Friedrich Baur Foundation (FBS) to JTS, HK and MP, a Metiphys fellowship of the Medical Faculty of the LMU Munich to MP, by the FöFoLe Program of the Medical Faculty of the LMU Munich to SG, EN, LL, FL, the international doctoral program 'iTarget: Immunotargeting of cancer'funded by the Elite Network of Bavaria to ASP, MZ, SG, LL, EN., and ANR-17-CE15-0031,FLAVIMMUNITY,Comprendre les mécanismes de l'efficacité du vaccin de la fièvre jaune 17D: Une approche immuno-structurelle vers la conception d'un vaccin Pan-flavivirus(2017)
Subjects: vaccine immunogenicity, immunodominance, cross-reactivity, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], pre-existing flavivirus immunity, yellow fever virus
Abstract: Human pathogenic flaviviruses pose a significant health concern and vaccination is the most effective instrument to control their circulation. How pre-existing immunity to antigenically related viruses modulates immunization outcome remains poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the effect of vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) on the epitope immunodominance and immunogenicity of the yellow fever 17D vaccine (YF17D) in a cohort of 250 human vaccinees.Following YF17D vaccination, all study participants seroconverted and generated protective neutralizing antibody titers. At day 28, TBEV pre-immunity did not affect the polyclonal neutralizing response which largely depended on the IgM fraction. We found that sera from TBEV-immunized individuals enhanced YF17D vaccine virus infection via antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Upon vaccination, individuals with TBEV pre-immunity had higher concentrations of cross-reactive IgG antibodies with limited neutralizing capacity against YF17D whereas vaccinees without prior flavivirus exposure showed a non-cross-reacting response. Using a set of recombinant YF17D envelope protein mutants displaying different epitopes, we identified quaternary epitopes as the primary target of neutralizing antibodies. Sequential immunizations redirected the IgG response towards the pan-flavivirus fusion loop epitope (FLE) with the potential to mediate enhancement of dengue and Zika virus infections whereas TBEV naïve individuals elicited an IgG response directed towards neutralizing epitopes without an enhancing effect.We propose that the YF17D vaccine effectively conceals the FLE and primes a neutralizing IgG response in individuals with no prior flavivirus exposure. In contrast, the response in TBEV-experienced recipients favors weakly-neutralizing, cross-reactive epitopes potentially increasing the risk of severe dengue and Zika disease due to ADE.
Published: 2023

6. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in COVID-19 patients with haematological malignancies

Author: Salmanton-García, Jon, Marchesi, Francesco, Gomes da Silva, Maria, Farina, Francesca, Dávila-Valls, Julio, Bilgin, Yavuz M., Glenthøj, Andreas, Falces-Romero, Iker, Van Doesum, Jaap, Labrador, Jorge, Buquicchio, Caterina, El-Ashwah, Shaimaa, Petzer, Verena, Van Praet, Jens, Schönlein, Martin, Dargenio, Michelina, Méndez, Gustavo-Adolfo, Meers, Stef, Itri, Federico, Giordano, Antonio, Pinczés, László Imre, Espigado, Ildefonso, Stojanoski, Zlate, López-García, Alberto, Prezioso, Lucia, Jaksic, Ozren, Vena, Antonio, Fracchiolla, Nicola S., González-López, Tomás José, Colović, Natasa, Delia, Mario, Weinbergerová, Barbora, Marchetti, Monia, Marques de Almeida, Joyce, Finizio, Olimpia, Besson, Caroline, Biernat, Monika M., Valković, Toni, Lahmer, Tobias, Cuccaro, Annarosa, Ormazabal-Vélez, Irati, Batinić, Josip, Fernández, Noemí, De Jonge, Nick, Tascini, Carlo, Anastasopoulou, Amalia N., Duléry, Rémy, Del Principe, Maria Ilaria, Plantefeve, Gaëtan, Papa, Mario Virgilio, Nucci, Marcio, Jiménez, Moraima, Aujayeb, Avinash, Hernández-Rivas, José-Ángel, Merelli, Maria, Cattaneo, Chiara, Blennow, Ola, Nordlander, Anna, Cabirta, Alba, Varricchio, Gina, Sacchi, Maria Vittoria, Cordoba, Raul, Arellano, Elena, Gräfe, Stefanie K., Wolf, Dominik, Emarah, Ziad, Ammatuna, Emanuele, Hersby, Ditte Stampe, Martín-Pérez, Sonia, Nunes Rodrigues, Raquel, Rahimli, Laman, Pagano, Livio, Cornely, Oliver A., Registry, EPICOVIDEHA, Piukovics, Klára, De Ramón, Cristina, Danion, François, Yahya, Ayel, Guidetti, Anna, Garcia-Vidal, Carolina, Sili, Uluhan, Meletiadis, Joseph, De Kort, Elizabeth, Verga, Luisa, Serrano, Laura, Erben, Nurettin, Di Blasi, Roberta, Tragiannidis, Athanasios, Ribera-Santa Susana, José-María, Ommen, Hans-Beier, Busca, Alessandro, Coppola, Nicola, Bergantim, Rui, Dragonetti, Giulia, Criscuolo, Marianna, Fianchi, Luana, Bonanni, Matteo, Soto-Silva, Andrés, Mikulska, Malgorzata, Machado, Marina, Shan Kho, Chi, Hassan, Nazia, Gavriilaki, Eleni, Cordini, Gregorio, Chi, Louis Yi Ann, Eggerer, Matthias, Hoenigl, Martin, Prattes, Juergen, Jiménez-Lorenzo, María-Josefa, Zompi, Sofia, Zambrotta, Giovanni Paolo Maria, Çolak, Gökçe Melis, García-Poutón, Nicole, Aiello, Tommaso Francesco, Prin, Romane, Stamouli, Maria, Samarkos, Michail, Hematology, Institut Català de la Salut, [Salmanton-García J] University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital Cologne, Chair Translational Research, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Cologne, Germany. University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), Cologne, Germany. German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Cologne, Germany. [Marchesi F] Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. [Gomes da Silva M] Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Lisbon, Portugal. [Farina F] IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. [Dávila-Valls J] Hospital Nuestra Señora de Sonsoles, Ávila, Spain. [Bilgin YM] Department of Internal Medicine, ADRZ, Goes, the Netherlands. [Jiménez M] Servei d’Hematologia, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Experimental Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain. Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, and Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus
Subjects: Sang - Càncer, Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/farmacoterapia [Otros calificadores], Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/drug therapy [Other subheadings], COVID-19 (Malaltia) - Tractament, Medicine and Health Sciences, virosis::infecciones por virus ARN::infecciones por Nidovirales::infecciones por Coronaviridae::infecciones por Coronavirus [ENFERMEDADES], Medicaments antivírics - Ús terapèutic, Other subheadings::/therapeutic use [Other subheadings], 03.02. Klinikai orvostan, neoplasias::neoplasias por localización::neoplasias hematológicas [ENFERMEDADES], BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Internal Medicine, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Interna medicina, Otros calificadores::/uso terapéutico [Otros calificadores], SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Malignancy, Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [DISEASES], General Medicine, Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Hematologic Neoplasms [DISEASES], BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Infectology, Settore MED/15, Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Antiviral Agents [CHEMICALS AND DRUGS], Settore MED/15 - MALATTIE DEL SANGUE, acciones y usos químicos::acciones farmacológicas::usos terapéuticos::antiinfecciosos::antivíricos [COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS], BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Infektologija, Haematology, Nirmatrelvir
Abstract: COVID-19; Haematology; Nirmatrelvir COVID-19; Hematología; Nirmatrelvir COVID-19; Hematologia; Nirmatrelvir Background Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment decreases the hospitalisation rate in immunocompetent patients with COVID-19, but data on efficacy in patients with haematological malignancy are scarce. Here, we describe the outcome of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment in a large cohort of the latter patients. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study from the multicentre EPICOVIDEHA registry (NCT04733729) on patients with haematological malignancy, who were diagnosed with COVID-19 between January and September 2022. Patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were compared to those who did not. A logistic regression was run to determine factors associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir administration in our sample. Mortality between treatment groups was assessed with Kaplan–Meier survival plots after matching all the patients with a propensity score. Additionally, a Cox regression was modelled to detect factors associated with mortality in patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Findings A total of 1859 patients were analysed, 117 (6%) were treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 1742 (94%) were treated otherwise. Of 117 patients receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, 80% had received ≥1 anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dose before COVID-19 onset, 13% of which received a 2nd vaccine booster. 5% were admitted to ICU. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir treatment was associated with the presence of extrapulmonary symptoms at COVID-19 onset, for example anosmia, fever, rhinitis, or sinusitis (aOR 2.509, 95%CI 1.448–4.347) and 2nd vaccine booster (aOR 3.624, 95%CI 1.619–8.109). Chronic pulmonary disease (aOR 0.261, 95%CI 0.093–0.732) and obesity (aOR 0.105, 95%CI 0.014–0.776) were not associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir use. After propensity score matching, day-30 mortality rate in patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was 2%, significantly lower than in patients with SARS-CoV-2 directed treatment other than nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (11%, p = 0.036). No factor was observed explaining the mortality difference in patients after nirmatrelvir/ritonavir administration. Interpretation Haematological malignancy patients were more likely to receive nirmatrelvir/ritonavir when reporting extrapulmonary symptoms or 2nd vaccine booster at COVID-19 onset, as opposed to chronic pulmonary disease and obesity. The mortality rate in patients treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was lower than in patients with targeted drugs other than nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. EPICOVIDEHA has received funds from Optics COMMIT (COVID-19 Unmet Medical Needs and Associated Research Extension) COVID-19 RFP program by GILEAD Science, United States (Project 2020-8223).
Published: 2023

7. Quantification of the Hepatitis B Virus cccDNA: Evidence-based guidelines for 2 monitoring the key obstacle of HBV cure 3 Short Title: cccDNA quantification harmonization 4 5

Author: Allweiss, Lena, Testoni, Barbara, Yu, Mei, Lucifora, Julie, Ko, Chunkyu, Qu, Bingqian, Lütgehetmann, Marc, Guo, Haitao, Urban, Stephan, Fletcher, Simon, Protzer, Ulrike, Levrero, Massimo, Zoulim, Fabien, Dandri, Maura, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (UNICANCER/CRCL), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Heidelberg University, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), F. Hoffmann-La Roche [Basel], and Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM)
Subjects: [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology
Abstract: International audience; Objectives A major goal of curative hepatitis B virus (HBV) treatments is the reduction or inactivation of intrahepatic viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). Hence, precise cccDNA quantification is essential in preclinical and clinical studies. Southern blot (SB) permits cccDNA visualisation but lacks sensitivity and is very laborious. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) has no such limitations but inaccurate quantification due to codetection of viral replicative intermediates (RI) can occur. The use of different samples, preservation conditions, DNA extraction, nuclease digestion methods and qPCR strategies has hindered standardisation. Within the ICE-HBV consortium, available and novel protocols for cccDNA isolation and qPCR quantification in liver tissues and cell cultures were compared in six laboratories to develop evidence-based guidance for best practices. Design Reference material (HBV-infected humanised mouse livers and HepG2-NTCP cells) was exchanged for cross-validation. Each group compared different DNA extraction methods (Hirt extraction, total DNA extraction with or without proteinase K treatment (+PK/−PK)) and nuclease digestion protocols (plasmid-safe ATP-dependent DNase (PSD), T5 exonuclease, exonucleases I/III). Samples were analysed by qPCR and SB. Results Hirt and −PK extraction reduced coexisting RI forms. However, both cccDNA and the protein-free relaxed circular HBV DNA (pf-rcDNA) form were detected by qPCR. T5 and Exo I/III nucleases efficiently removed all RI forms. In contrast, PSD did not digest pf-rcDNA, but was less prone to induce cccDNA overdigestion. In stabilised tissues (eg, Allprotect), nucleases had detrimental effects on cccDNA. Conclusions We present here a comprehensive evidence-based guidance for optimising, controlling and validating cccDNA measurements using available qPCR assays.
Published: 2023

8. Plasmodium sporozoite disintegration during skin passage limits malaria parasite transmission

Author: Jessica Kehrer, Pauline Formaglio, Julianne Mendi Muthinja, Sebastian Weber, Danny Baltissen, Christopher Lance, Johanna Ripp, Janessa Grech, Markus Meissner, Charlotta Funaya, Rogerio Amino, Friedrich Frischknecht, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Infection et Immunité paludéennes - Malaria Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), This work was funded by grants from the Human Frontier Science Program (RGY0071/2011), the Institut Pasteur, the Agence National de la Recherche (ANR, French National Research Agency) / Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)—project number SporoSTOP ANR-19-CE15-0027, the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir program, Laboratoire d’Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases'—project number ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID, the DFG project number 240245660—SFB 1129—and the European Research Council (ERC StG 281719). FF is a member of CellNetworks Cluster of excellence at Heidelberg University and SFB 1129. Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL., We thank members of the Frischknecht and Ingham Lab and the team of the Centre for the Production and Infection of Anopheles (CEPIA, Institut Pasteur) for rearing Anopheles stephensi/ gambiae mosquitoes as well as Markus Ganter for helpful discussions and comments on the manuscript. We acknowledge the microscopy support from the Infectious Diseases Imaging Platform (IDIP) at the Center for Integrative Infectious Disease Research., ANR-19-CE15-0027,SporoSTOP,Neutralisation des sporozoïtes de Plasmodium dans la peau de l'hôte(2019), ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), and European Project: 281719,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2011-StG_20101109,PARAMOTSIG(2012)
Subjects: Mammals, Plasmodium, cell migration, cell shape maintenance, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], pellicle, Biochemistry, Malaria, Sporozoites, Anopheles, Genetics, Animals, Parasites, gliding motility, Molecular Biology, malaria transmission
Abstract: International audience; During transmission of malaria‐causing parasites from mosquitoes to mammals, Plasmodium sporozoites migrate rapidly in the skin to search for a blood vessel. The high migratory speed and narrow passages taken by the parasites suggest considerable strain on the sporozoites to maintain their shape. Here, we show that the membrane‐associated protein, concavin, is important for the maintenance of the Plasmodium sporozoite shape inside salivary glands of mosquitoes and during migration in the skin. Concavin‐GFP localizes at the cytoplasmic periphery and concavin(−) sporozoites progressively round up upon entry of salivary glands. Rounded concavin(−) sporozoites fail to pass through the narrow salivary ducts and are rarely ejected by mosquitoes, while normally shaped concavin(−) sporozoites are transmitted. Strikingly, motile concavin(−) sporozoites disintegrate while migrating through the skin leading to parasite arrest or death and decreased transmission efficiency. Collectively, we suggest that concavin contributes to cell shape maintenance by riveting the plasma membrane to the subtending inner membrane complex. Interfering with cell shape maintenance pathways might hence provide a new strategy to prevent a malaria infection.
Published: 2022

9. Rifapentine access in Europe:growing concerns over key tuberculosis treatment component

Author: Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Gunar Günther, Claude Leu, Daniela Cirillo, Raquel Duarte, Alberto L. Garcia-Basteiro, Delia Goletti, Mateja Jankovic, Liga Kuksa, Florian P. Maurer, Frédéric Méchaï, Simon Tiberi, Frank van Leth, Nicolas Veziris, Christoph Lange, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Hôpital Avicenne [AP-HP], Centre National de Référence des Mycobactéries et de la Résistance aux Antituberculeux [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière] (CNR-MyRMA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), University of Bern, University of Namibia (UNAM), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute [Milan, Italie], Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Directorate-General of Health [Lisbonne], Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça [Maputo, Mozambique] (CISM), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'Lazzaro Spallanzani', Zagreb School of Medicine [Zagreb, Croatia] (Dubrava University Hospital), University of Zagreb, Riga East University Hospital, Riga Stradins University (RSU), Forschungszentrum Borstel - Research Center Borstel, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), German Center for Infection Research - Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Royal Free Hospital [London, UK], Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute [The Netherlands], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Universität zu Lübeck = University of Lübeck [Lübeck], Baylor College of Medicine (BCM), Baylor University, Study Group on Mycobacteria of the European Society of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESGMYC), European Society of Mycobacteriology (ESM), European Respiratory Society (ERS) and, Tuberculosis Network European Trials group (TBnet), Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment, APH - Global Health, and APH - Methodology
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use, Antitubercular Agents, Tuberculosis / epidemiology, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Drug Therapy, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Antibiotics, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Antibiotics, Antitubercular* / therapeutic use, Tuberculosis, Humans, Rifampin / analogs & derivatives, 610 Medicine & health, Antibiotics, Antitubercular, Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use, Tuberculosis/drug therapy, Tuberculosis / drug therapy, Rifampin/analogs & derivatives, Antitubercular/therapeutic use, rifapentine, tuberculosis, Europe, Combination, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Drug Therapy, Combination, Rifampin, Rifampin / therapeutic use, Antibiotics, Antitubercular/therapeutic use
Abstract: International audience; Rifapentine, a synthetic derivate of rifampicin which was developed in 1965, has interesting pharmacological properties, including a long terminal half-life (13 h, compared to 2-3 h for rifampicin) and promising bactericidal activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite being approved in 1998 by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, its global use has been limited by unavailability. In the past decade, new evidence has emerged to define rifapentine as a key component for treatment of active disease and latent infection with M. tuberculosis (LTBI).
Published: 2022

10. Wolbachiamodulates prevalence and viral load of Culex pipiens densoviruses in natural populations

Author: Mylène Weill, Mathieu Sicard, Fabienne Justy, Célestine M. Atyame, Mine Altinli, Sebastian Lequime, Lequime lab, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine - Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin [Hamburg, Germany] (BNITM), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences [Groningen] (GELIFES), University of Groningen [Groningen], Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IRD-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de La Réunion (UR), ANR-16-CE02-0006,CIAWOL,Bases moléculaire et cellulaire de la diversité phénotypique de l'incompatibilté cytoplasmique chez les insectes(2016), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IRD-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Herrada, Anthony, Bases moléculaire et cellulaire de la diversité phénotypique de l'incompatibilté cytoplasmique chez les insectes - - CIAWOL2016 - ANR-16-CE02-0006 - AAPG2016 - VALID, and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, densovirus, 03 medical and health sciences, insect‐specific virus, Phylogenetics, Culex pipiens, parasitic diseases, Prevalence, Genetics, Animals, Phylogeny, reproductive and urinary physiology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, biology, Phylogenetic tree, [SDV.EE.IEO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis, Viral Load, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Culex, Densovirinae, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Horizontal gene transfer, microbiota interactions, bacteria, Wolbachia, Densovirus, Cytoplasmic incompatibility, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: International audience; The inadequacy of standard mosquito control strategies calls for ecologically safe novel approaches, for example the use of biological agents such as the endosymbiotic α‐proteobacteria Wolbachia or insect‐specific viruses (ISVs). Understanding the ecological interactions between these “biocontrol endosymbionts” is thus a fundamental step. Wolbachia are transmitted vertically from mother to offspring and modify their hosts’ phenotypes, including reproduction (e.g., cytoplasmic incompatibility) and survival (e.g., viral interference). In nature, Culex pipiens (sensu lato) mosquitoes are always found infected with genetically diverse Wolbachia called wPip that belong to five phylogenetic groups. In recent years, ISVs have also been discovered in these mosquito species, although their interactions with Wolbachia in nature are unknown. Here, we studied the interactions between a widely prevalent ISV, the Culex pipiens densovirus (CpDV, Densovirinae), and Wolbachia in northern Tunisian C. pipiens populations. We showed an influence of different Wolbachia groups on CpDV prevalence and a general positive correlation between Wolbachia and CpDV loads. By investigating the putative relationship between CpDV diversification and wPip groups in the different sites, we detected a signal linked to wPip groups in CpDV phylogeny in sites where all larvae were infected by the same wPip group. However, no such signal was detected where the wPip groups coexisted, suggesting CpDV horizontal transfer between hosts. Overall, our results provide good evidence for an ecological influence of Wolbachia on an ISV, CpDV, in natural populations and highlight the importance of integrating Wolbachia in our understanding of ISV ecology in nature.
Published: 2020

11. Human Exposure to Hantaviruses Associated with Rodents of the Murinae Subfamily, Madagascar

Author: Ravo Michèle Razafimahefa, Harinirina Aina Rabemananjara, Noël Tordo, Soanandrasana Rahelinirina, Rainer G. Ulrich, Soa Fy Andriamandimby, Jean Théophile Rafisandratantsoa, Claudia Filippone, Christophe Rogier, Judickaelle Irinantenaina, Jean-Michel Heraud, Aina Harimanana, Marie-Marie Olive, Vololoniaina Raharinosy, Sandra Telfer, Minoarisoa Rajerison, Jean Pierre Ravalohery, Jean Marc Reynes, Stéphane Petres, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Service de Santé des Armées, Institut Pasteur de Guinée, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), University of Aberdeen, This work was supported by Wellcome Trust Fellowships (no. 081705 and 095171 to S.T.) and Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, and by PTR (Progamme Transversal de Recherche) HANTAREV at Institut Pasteur, Paris., and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)
Subjects: Male, Subfamily, Epidemiology, lcsh:Medicine, hantavirus, Serology, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Zoonoses, Prevalence, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Aged, 80 and over, biology, seroprevalence, Dispatch, human population, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, rodents, Child, Preschool, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Microbiology (medical), Adult, Adolescent, Hantavirus Infections, 030231 tropical medicine, Commercial kit, Virus, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Human Exposure to Hantaviruses Associated with Rodents of the Murinae Subfamily, Madagascar, Madagascar, Seroprevalence, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, viruses, Hantavirus, Aged, Disease Reservoirs, Retrospective Studies, lcsh:R, Murinae, biology.organism_classification, Virology, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Human exposure, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: International audience; We conducted a national human serologic study of a hantavirus detected in Madagascar rodents using a commercial kit and a new ELISA targeting the virus. Our results suggest a conservative estimate of 2.7% (46/1,680) IgG seroprevalence. A second single-district study using the new ELISA revealed a higher prevalence (7.2%; 10/139).
Published: 2020

12. Bloodstream Infections Caused by Magnusiomyces capitatus and Magnusiomyces clavatus : Epidemiological, Clinical, and Microbiological Features of Two Emerging Yeast Species

Author: Janina Noster, Martin B. Koeppel, Marie Desnos-Olivier, Maria Aigner, Oliver Bader, Karl Dichtl, Stephan Göttig, Andrea Haas, Oliver Kurzai, Arthur B. Pranada, Yvonne Stelzer, Grit Walther, Axel Hamprecht, Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg = Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg (OFFIS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Mycologie moléculaire - Molecular Mycology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence Mycoses Invasives et Antifongiques - National Reference Center Invasive Mycoses & Antifungals (CNRMA), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (Hans Knoell Institute), MVZ Dr. Eberhard & Partner Dortmund, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, and Work in the NRZMyk is supported by the Robert-Koch-Institute from funds provided by the German Ministry of Health (grant no. 1369-240). This study was supported by internal funding.
Subjects: Pharmacology, Saprochaete capitata, Infectious Diseases, Magnusiomyces clavatus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Saprochaete clavata, Pharmacology (medical), bloodstream infection, MIC, Magnusiomyces capitatus, Geotrichum
Abstract: International audience; Magnusiomyces clavatus and Magnusiomyces capitatus are emerging yeasts with intrinsic resistance to many commonly used antifungal agents. Identification is difficult, and determination of susceptibility patterns with commercial and reference methods is equally challenging. For this reason, few data on invasive infections by Magnusiomyces spp. are available. Our objectives were to determine the epidemiology and susceptibility of Magnusiomyces isolates from bloodstream infections (BSI) isolated in Germany and Austria from 2001 to 2020. In seven institutions, a total of 34 Magnusiomyces BSI were identified. Identification was done by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Antifungal susceptibility was determined by EUCAST broth microdilution and gradient tests. Of the 34 isolates, M. clavatus was more common (n = 24) than M. capitatus (n = 10). BSI by Magnusiomyces spp. were more common in men (62%) and mostly occurred in patients with hemato-oncological malignancies (79%). The highest in vitro antifungal activity against M. clavatus/M. capitatus was observed for voriconazole (MIC50, 0.03/0.125 mg/L), followed by posaconazole (MIC50, 0.125/0.25 mg/L). M. clavatus isolates showed overall lower MICs than M. capitatus. With the exception of amphotericin B, low essential agreement between gradient test and microdilution was recorded for all antifungals (0 to 70%). Both species showed distinct morphologic traits on ChromAgar Orientation medium and Columbia blood agar, which can be used for differentiation if no MALDI-TOF MS or molecular identification is available. In conclusion, most BSI were caused by M. clavatus. The lowest MICs were recorded for voriconazole. Gradient tests demonstrated unacceptably low agreement and should preferably not be used for susceptibility testing of Magnusiomyces spp.
Published: 2022

13. A ribavirin-induced ORF2 single-nucleotide variant produces defective hepatitis E virus particles with immune decoy function

Author: Toni Luise Meister, Yannick Brüggemann, Maximilian K. Nocke, Rainer G. Ulrich, Jonas Schuhenn, Kathrin Sutter, André Gömer, Verian Bader, Konstanze F. Winklhofer, Ruth Broering, Lieven Verhoye, Philip Meuleman, Florian W. R. Vondran, Charline Camuzet, Laurence Cocquerel, Daniel Todt, Eike Steinmann, Ruhr University Bochum (RUB), Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), German Centre for Infection Research - partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems (DZIF), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Lille, European Virus Bioinformatics Center [Jena], German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Cocquerel, Laurence, and Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen]
Subjects: assembly, ribavirin, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medizin, Infectious particles, hepatitis E virus, Virus Replication, Ribavirin exposure, Viral Proteins, Neutralization, Cell Line, Tumor, Ribavirin, Medicine and Health Sciences, Hepatitis E virus, Humans, ORF2 variants, Multidisciplinary, Nucleotides, open reading frame 2 (ORF2), ORF2 capsid protein, Biology and Life Sciences, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], viral variants, Hepatocytes, RNA, Viral, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
Abstract: International audience; Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of hepatitis E in humans and is the leading cause of enterically transmitted viral hepatitis worldwide. Ribavirin (RBV) is currently the only treatment option for many patients; however, cases of treatment failures or posttreatment relapses have been frequently reported. RBV therapy was shown to be associated with an increase in HEV genome heterogeneity and the emergence of distinct HEV variants. In this study, we analyzed the impact of eight patient-derived open reading frame 2 (ORF2) single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), which occurred under RBV treatment, on the replication cycle and pathogenesis of HEV. The parental HEV strain and seven ORF2 variants showed comparable levels of RNA replication in human hepatoma cells and primary human hepatocytes. However, a P79S ORF2 variant demonstrated reduced RNA copy numbers released in the supernatant and an impairment in the production of infectious particles. Biophysical and biochemical characterization revealed that this SNV caused defective, smaller HEV particles with a loss of infectiousness. Furthermore, the P79S variant displayed an altered subcellular distribution of the ORF2 protein and was able to interfere with antibody-mediated neutralization of HEV in a competition assay. In conclusion, an SNV in the HEV ORF2 could be identified that resulted in altered virus particles that were noninfectious in vitro and in vivo, but could potentially serve as immune decoys. These findings provide insights in understanding the biology of circulating HEV variants and may guide development of personalized antiviral strategies in the future.
Published: 2022

14. Transcontinental spread and evolution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis W148 European/Russian clade toward extensively drug resistant tuberculosis

Author: Matthias Merker, Jean-Philippe Rasigade, Maxime Barbier, Helen Cox, Silke Feuerriegel, Thomas A. Kohl, Egor Shitikov, Kadri Klaos, Cyril Gaudin, Rudy Antoine, Roland Diel, Sonia Borrell, Sebastien Gagneux, Vladyslav Nikolayevskyy, Sönke Andres, Valeriu Crudu, Philip Supply, Stefan Niemann, Thierry Wirth, Forschungszentrum Borstel - Research Center Borstel, German Center for Infection Research - Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Cape Town, Clinical Centre of Physical-Chemical Medicine [Moscow], Genoscreen [Lille], Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Lille, University Medical Center of Schleswig–Holstein = Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, German Center for Lung Research, University of Basel (Unibas), Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], Imperial College London, Supply, Philip, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Multidisciplinary, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Antitubercular Agents, General Physics and Astronomy, Bayes Theorem, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, General Chemistry, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, [SDV.GEN.GPO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Humans, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology
Abstract: International audience; Abstract Transmission-driven multi-/extensively drug resistant (M/XDR) tuberculosis (TB) is the largest single contributor to human mortality due to antimicrobial resistance. A few major clades of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex belonging to lineage 2, responsible for high prevalence of MDR-TB in Eurasia, show outstanding transnational distributions. Here, we determined factors underlying the emergence and epidemic spread of the W148 clade by genome sequencing and Bayesian demogenetic analyses of 720 isolates from 23 countries. We dated a common ancestor around 1963 and identified two successive epidemic expansions in the late 1980s and late 1990s, coinciding with major socio-economic changes in the post-Soviet Era. These population expansions favored accumulation of resistance mutations to up to 11 anti-TB drugs, with MDR evolving toward additional resistances to fluoroquinolones and second-line injectable drugs within 20 years on average. Timescaled haplotypic density analysis revealed that widespread acquisition of compensatory mutations was associated with transmission success of XDR strains. Virtually all W148 strains harbored a hypervirulence-associated ppe38 gene locus, and incipient recurrent emergence of prpR mutation-mediated drug tolerance was detected. The outstanding genetic arsenal of this geographically widespread M/XDR strain clade represents a “perfect storm” that jeopardizes the successful introduction of new anti-M/XDR-TB antibiotic regimens.Transmission-driven multi-/extensively drug resistant (M/XDR) tuberculosis (TB) is the largest single contributor to human mortality due to antimicrobial resistance. A few major clades of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex belonging to lineage 2, responsible for high prevalence of MDR-TB in Eurasia, show outstanding transnational distributions. Here, we determined factors underlying the emergence and epidemic spread of the W148 clade by genome sequencing and Bayesian demogenetic analyses of 720 isolates from 23 countries. We dated a common ancestor around 1963 and identified two successive epidemic expansions in the late 1980s and late 1990s, coinciding with major socio-economic changes in the post-Soviet Era. These population expansions favored accumulation of resistance mutations to up to 11 anti-TB drugs, with MDR evolving toward additional resistances to fluoroquinolones and second-line injectable drugs within 20 years on average. Timescaled haplotypic density analysis revealed that widespread acquisition of compensatory mutations was associated with transmission success of XDR strains. Virtually all W148 strains harbored a hypervirulence-associated ppe38 gene locus, and incipient recurrent emergence of prpR mutation-mediated drug tolerance was detected. The outstanding genetic arsenal of this geographically widespread M/XDR strain clade represents a “perfect storm” that jeopardizes the successful introduction of new anti-M/XDR-TB antibiotic regimens.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

15. Access and benefit-sharing by the European Virus Archive in response to COVID-19

Author: Jan Felix Drexler, Thomas C. Mettenleiter, Antonio Di Caro, Amber Hartman Scholz, Christian Drosten, Carrie Batten, Sven Reiche, Anthony R. Fooks, Bruno Coutard, Boris Klempa, Hervé Bourhy, Carolina dos S. Ribeiro, Florence Komurian-Pradel, Thomas Klimkait, Jean-Louis Romette, George B. Haringhuizen, Marion Koopmans, Christine M.A. Prat, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, Stephan Günther, Maria Serena Beato, Ali Mirazimi, Scarlett Sett, Rémi N. Charrel, David Williams, Chantal Reusken, Tatjana Avšič, Sylvie van der Werf, Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH / Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ), Netherlands Center for Infectious Disease Control, Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Ljubljana, The Pirbright Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Lyssavirus, épidémiologie et neuropathologie - Lyssavirus Epidemiology and Neuropathology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Istituto Nazionale di Malattie Infettive 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' (INMI), German Center for Infection Research, Partnersite Munich (DZIF), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Animal and Plant Health Agency [Addlestone, UK] (APHA), Slovak Academy of Science [Bratislava] (SAS), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), University of Basel (Unibas), Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine - Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin [Hamburg, Germany] (BNITM), German Center for Infection Research - Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence (Centre National de Référence) - Laboratory for Urgent Response to Biological Threats (National Reference Center) (CIBU), Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Environnement et Risques infectieux - Environment and Infectious Risks (ERI), Public Health Agency of Sweden, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Fondation Mérieux, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Génétique Moléculaire des Virus à ARN - Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses (GMV-ARN (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_2)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), This publication was supported by the European Virus Archive-GLOBAL project that has received funding from the EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grantagreement number 871029), The manuscript was written by the European Virus Archive access and benefit-sharing compliance team but would not have been possible without the front-line scientists that built up the European Virus Archive infrastructure and have worked tirelessly over the past year to support the global pandemic response. We welcome the European Virus Archive signatory authors who endorse this publication and its call for a multilateral pathogen genetic resources mechanism tied to a distributed biobanking infrastructure., European Virus Archive principal investigators Slovenia T Avšič (University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana). UK C Batten (The Pirbright Institute, Pirbright), A R Fooks (The Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone). Italy M S Beato (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro), A Di Caro (Istituto Nazionale Malattie Infettive Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome). France H Bourhy, J-C Manuguerra, S van der Werf (Institute Pasteur, Paris), R Charrel, J-L Romette, B Coutard (Aix Marseille University, Marseille), F Komurian-Pradel (Fondation Mérieux, Lyon). Germany J F Drexler, C Drosten (Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin), S Günther (Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg), T C Mettenleiter, S Reiche (Friedrich Loeffler Institute, Greifswald). Slovakia B Klempa (Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava). Switzerland T Klimkait (University of Basel, Basel). Sweden A Mirazimi (The Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna). Netherlands C Reusken (Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven), M Koopmans (Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam). Australia D Williams (Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, East Geelong, VIC)., and European Project: 871029,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2019-1,EVA-GLOBAL(2020)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Internet privacy, Microbiology, Corrections, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Genetic resources, Virology, Pandemic, Humans, Pandemics, Biological Specimen Banks, Personal View, Benefit sharing, business.industry, SARS-CoV-2, DNA Viruses, COVID-19, Biobank, Infectious Diseases, Viruses, Viruses, Unclassified, Business
Abstract: Erratum in Correction to Lancet Microbe 2021; published online Nov 16. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00211-1. [No authors listed] Lancet Microbe. 2022 Jan;3(1):e8. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(21)00325-6. Epub 2021 Nov 26. PMID: 34870252 Free PMC article.; International audience; Biobanking infrastructures, which are crucial for responding early to new viral outbreaks, share pathogen genetic resources in an affordable, safe, and impartial manner and can provide expertise to address access and benefit-sharing issues. The European Virus Archive has had a crucial role in the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic by distributing EU-subsidised (free of charge) viral resources to users worldwide, providing non-monetary benefit sharing, implementing access and benefit-sharing compliance, and raising access and benefit-sharing awareness among members and users. All currently available SARS-CoV-2 material in the European Virus Archive catalogue, including variants of concern, are not access and benefit-sharing cases per se, but multilateral benefit-sharing has nevertheless occurred. We propose and discuss how a multilateral system enabling access and benefit-sharing from pathogen genetic resources, based on the European Virus Archive operational model, could help bridge the discrepancies between the current bilateral legal framework for pathogen genetic resources and actual pandemic response practices.
Published: 2021

16. Towards the sustainable discovery and development of new antibiotics

Author: Ian H. Gilbert, Kenneth Pfarr, Timo Jaeger, Mika Lindvall, Anders Karlén, Philippe Glaser, Jennifer Herrmann, Marco Pieroni, Bertrand Aigle, Evi Stegmann, Heather Graz, Andrea Schiefer, Jean-Luc Pernodet, Thomas Hesterkamp, Rui Moreira, Heike Brötz-Oesterhelt, Andrew W. Truman, Andreas Keller, Ludovic Halby, Alexander Titz, José R. Tormo, Michael Graz, Kira J. Weissman, Olga Genilloud, Marc Stadler, Claus-Michael Lehr, Paola B. Arimondo, Mark Brönstrup, Savithri Ramurthy, Eriko Takano, Frédéric Peyrane, Mathias Winterhalter, Marnix H. Medema, Maarten van Dongen, Anna K. H. Hirsch, Achim Hoerauf, Helge B. Bode, Laurent Fraisse, Laura J. V. Piddock, Martin Empting, Brigitta Loretz, Yanyan Li, Heinz E. Moser, Tilmann Weber, Marcus Miethke, Silke Alt, Stefano Sabatini, Wolfgang Wohlleben, Peter Hammann, Stefano Donadio, Andriy Luzhetskyy, Myriam Seemann, Rolf Müller, Hrvoje Petković, Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH (HZI), Universität des Saarlandes [Saarbrücken], German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Chimie biologique épigénétique - Epigenetic Chemical Biology (EpiCBio), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie et Evolution de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques / Ecology and Evolution of Antibiotics Resistance (EERA), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dynamique des Génomes et Adaptation Microbienne (DynAMic), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Molécules de Communication et Adaptation des Micro-organismes (MCAM), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fundación MEDINA, John Innes Centre [Norwich], Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Manchester [Manchester], Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), University of Tübingen, Jacobs University [Bremen], University Hospital Bonn, Biophys [Usk, UK], University of Bristol [Bristol], Recursion [Salt Lake City, UT], HiberCell [New York], Uppsala Universitet [Uppsala], AMR Insights, University of Ljubljana, BEAM Alliance, Naicons, Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership [Geneva, Switzerland] (GARDP), University of Dundee, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), The project on PqsR pathoblocker development acknowledges funding through the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF, projects TTU09.908 and TTU09.916), the Helmholtz Association (Helmholtz Validation Fund) and additional contributions by the associated academic institutes (HZI and HIPS). The development of chelocardins is supported by the DZIF (TTU09.814/09.821), the Helmholtz Innovation Fund (Pre-4D), by the Slovenian Research Agency, ARRS, grant no. J4-8226, and in collaboration with AciesBio, Slovenia. The corallopyronin project is funded by the DZIF (TTU09.807/09.816, TTU09.914), the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), the federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia (EFRE.NRW) and EU Horizon 2020. Eriko Takano was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 720793 'TOPCAPI: Thoroughly Optimised Production Chassis for Advanced Pharmaceutical Ingredients'., European Project: 720793,H2020-EU.2.1.4.,TOPCAPI(2017), Università degli studi di Parma = University of Parma (UNIPR), Danmarks Tekniske Universitet = Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Écologie et Évolution de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques / Ecology and Evolution of Antibiotics Resistance (EERA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Saclay-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Microbiologie Intégrative et Moléculaire (UMR6047), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Fundación MEDINA [Granada], Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0303 health sciences, 030306 microbiology, Bioinformatics, General Chemical Engineering, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Chemistry, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, Investment (macroeconomics), 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, Roadmap, Risk analysis (engineering), 13. Climate action, Order (exchange), Blueprint, ddc:570, Business strategy in drug development, Bioinformatica, Life Science, ddc:610, Business, Drug therapy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract: An ever-increasing demand for novel antimicrobials to treat life-threatening infections caused by the global spread of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens stands in stark contrast to the current level of investment in their development, particularly in the fields of natural-product-derived and synthetic small molecules. New agents displaying innovative chemistry and modes of action are desperately needed worldwide to tackle the public health menace posed by antimicrobial resistance. Here, our consortium presents a strategic blueprint to substantially improve our ability to discover and develop new antibiotics. We propose both short-term and long-term solutions to overcome the most urgent limitations in the various sectors of research and funding, aiming to bridge the gap between academic, industrial and political stakeholders, and to unite interdisciplinary expertise in order to efficiently fuel the translational pipeline for the benefit of future generations., Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing threat to public health and encouraging the development of new antimicrobials is one of the most important ways to address the problem. This Roadmap article aims to bring together industrial, academic and political partners, and proposes both short-term and long-term solutions to this challenge.
Published: 2021

17. Resurgence of Ebola Virus in 2021 in Guinea Suggests a New Paradigm for Outbreaks

Author: Fodé B. Sako, Jacob Camara, Amadou A. Sall, Ariane Düx, Giuditta Annibaldis, Meike Pahlmann, Abdoulaye Toure, Ousmane Faye, Mamadou Condé, Haby Diallo, Steven T. Pullan, Amadou Sidibe, Moriba Povogui, Fara Raymond Koundouno, Christophe Peyrefitte, Liana E. Kafetzopoulou, Alpha Kabinet Keita, Saa L. Millimono, Mandiou Diakite, Ahmadou Doré, Karla Pietro, N'. Faly Magassouba, Fabian H. Leendertz, Nicole Vidal, Stephan Günther, Anke Thielebein, Julia Hinzmann, Dembo Diakite, Ahidjo Ayouba, Cheikh Loucoubar, Kaka Kourouma, Martin Faye, Philippe Lemey, Moussa Moïse Diagne, Mamadou D. Barry, Fodé Y. Soumah, Annick Renevey, Georges Ki-Zerbo, Kékoura Ifono, Andrew Rambaut, Abdoul K. Soumah, Miles W. Carroll, Mamadou S. Bah, Joseph Akoi Bore, Ibrahima Camara, Mamadou S. Sow, Sébastien Calvignac-Spencer, Fodé A. Traore, Sophie Duraffour, Assaïtou Bah, John T. McCrone, Nathalie J. Vielle, Joshua Quick, Noël Tordo, Moussa Baldé, Mamadou Diop, Youssouf Sidibé, Martine Peeters, Madeleine Kourouma, Sakoba Keita, Mamadou B. Keita, Frédéric Le Marcis, Cé D. Saouromou, Anais Legand, Amadou Diallo, Pierre Formenty, Almudena Mari-Saez, Michael R. Wiley, Karifa Kourouma, Eric Delaporte, Barré Soropogui, Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques en Guinée, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine - Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin [Hamburg, Germany] (BNITM), Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), German Center for Infection Research - Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée [Conakry, Guinée] (CERFIG), Triangle : action, discours, pensée politique et économique (TRIANGLE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon (IEP Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital National Donka, The Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics [Oxford], University of Oxford, Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms, Vecteurs - Infections tropicales et méditerranéennes (VITROME), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Brétigny-sur-Orge] (IRBA), CEA Tech Grand-Est (DGDE), CEA Tech en régions (CEA-TECH-Reg), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut National de Santé Publique [Conakry, Guinée] (INSP), Ministère de la Santé [Conakry, Guinea], Laboratoire de Physique de l'Atmosphère et de l'Océan Siméon Fongang (LPAO-SF), École Supérieure Polytechnique de Dakar (ESP), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), Public Health England, University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), World Health Organization [Geneva], The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), University of Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska System, Institut Pasteur de Guinée, Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), University of Edinburgh, Division Prévention et Lutte contre la Maladie, Ministère de la Santé et de l’Hygiène Publique, Ecole Nationale Superieure de Lyon, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department [Montpellier], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology [Leipzig], Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, ANR-16-IDEX-0006,MUSE,MUSE(2016), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon (IEP Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), University of Oxford [Oxford], Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CEA Tech Alsace Champagne-Ardenne Lorraine, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon (IEP Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Michel de l'Hospital : laboratoire de recherche en sciences juridiques et politiques (CMH ), and Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
Subjects: Male, Zaire ebolavirus, Time Factors, viruses, Disease, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Disease cluster, Models, Biological, Viral Zoonoses, Virus, Disease Outbreaks, 03 medical and health sciences, Ebola virus, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Survivors, 030212 general & internal medicine, Clade, Phylogeny, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Transmission (medicine), Guinea-2021, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Outbreak, Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, Ebolavirus, Virology, 3. Good health, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Female, Persistent Infection, epidemiology, Guinea, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Abstract: Seven years after the declaration of the first epidemic of Ebola virus disease in Guinea, the country faced a new outbreak—between 14 February and 19 June 2021—near the epicentre of the previous epidemic1,2. Here we use next-generation sequencing to generate complete or near-complete genomes of Zaire ebolavirus from samples obtained from 12 different patients. These genomes form a well-supported phylogenetic cluster with genomes from the previous outbreak, which indicates that the new outbreak was not the result of a new spillover event from an animal reservoir. The 2021 lineage shows considerably lower divergence than would be expected during sustained human-to-human transmission, which suggests a persistent infection with reduced replication or a period of latency. The resurgence of Zaire ebolavirus from humans five years after the end of the previous outbreak of Ebola virus disease reinforces the need for long-term medical and social care for patients who survive the disease, to reduce the risk of re-emergence and to prevent further stigmatization. The viral lineage responsible for the February 2021 outbreak of Ebola virus disease in Guinea is nested within a clade that predominantly consists of genomes sampled during the 2013–2016 epidemic, suggesting that the virus might have re-emerged after a long period of latency within a previously infected individual.
Published: 2021

18. Assessing excess mortality in times of pandemics based on principal component analysis of weekly mortality data—the case of COVID-19

Author: Ugofilippo Basellini, Patrizio Vanella, Berit Lange, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Universität Rostock, Institut national d'études démographiques (INED), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), and HZI,Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7,38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Cross-country mortality trends, COVID-19 Pandemic, Epidemiology, EPIDEMICS, 01 natural sciences, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, DEATH_RATE, EXCESS_MORTALITY, 010104 statistics & probability, 0302 clinical medicine, International Mortality Trends, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Statistical analyses, Pandemic, 030212 general & internal medicine, Excess mortality, Principal Component Analysis, [STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Excess mortality assessment, Monte Carlo Simulation, Mortality forecasting, 3. Good health, Geography, Original Article, FORECASTS, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Principal component analysis, COVID-19 pandemic, Time series analysis, [SHS.DEMO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Demography, Statistics - Applications, INTERNATIONAL_COMPARISON, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Applications (stat.AP), HB848-3697, 0101 mathematics, Time series, Time Series Analysis, Monte Carlo simulation, Demography, Stochasticity, Demography. Population. Vital events, DEMOGRAPHIC_MODELS, Mortality Forecasting, MORTALITY, Outbreak, Mortality data, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, DATA_ANALYSIS, Excess Mortality Assessment
Abstract: The COVID-19 outbreak has called for renewed attention to the need for sound statistical analyses to monitor mortality patterns and trends over time. Excess mortality has been suggested as the most appropriate indicator to measure the overall burden of the pandemic in terms of mortality. As such, excess mortality has received considerable interest since the outbreak of COVID-19 began.Previous approaches to estimate excess mortality are somewhat limited, as they do not include sufficiently long-term trends, correlations among different demographic and geographic groups, or autocorrelations in the mortality time series. This might lead to biased estimates of excess mortality, as random mortality fluctuations may be misinterpreted as excess mortality.We propose a novel approach that overcomes the named limitations and draws a more realistic picture of excess mortality. Our approach is based on an established forecasting model that is used in demography, namely, the Lee-Carter model. We illustrate our approach by using the weekly age- and sex-specific mortality data for 19 countries and the current COVID-19 pandemic as a case study. Our findings show evidence of considerable excess mortality during 2020 in Europe, which affects different countries, age, and sex groups heterogeneously. Our proposed model can be applied to future pandemics as well as to monitor excess mortality from specific causes of death.
Published: 2021

19. COVID-19 infection in adult patients with hematological malignancies:a European Hematology Association Survey (EPICOVIDEHA)

Author: Pagano, Livio, Salmanton-García, Jon, Marchesi, Francesco, Busca, Alessandro, Corradini, Paolo, Hoenigl, Martin, Klimko, Nikolai, Koehler, Philipp, Pagliuca, Antonio, Passamonti, Francesco, Verga, Luisa, Víšek, Benjamin, Ilhan, Osman, Nadali, Gianpaolo, Weinbergerová, Barbora, Córdoba-Mascuñano, Raúl, Marchetti, Monia, Collins, Graham P., Farina, Francesca, Cattaneo, Chiara, Cabirta, Alba, Gomes-Silva, Maria, Itri, Federico, van Doesum, Jaap, Ledoux, Marie-Pierre, Čerňan, Martin, Jakšić, Ozren, Duarte, Rafael F., Magliano, Gabriele, Omrani, Ali S., Fracchiolla, Nicola S., Kulasekararaj, Austin, Valković, Toni, Poulsen, Christian Bjørn, Machado, Marina, Glenthøj, Andreas, Stoma, Igor, Ráčil, Zdeněk, Piukovics, Klára, Navrátil, Milan, Emarah, Ziad, Sili, Uluhan, Maertens, Johan, Blennow, Ola, Bergantim, Rui, García-Vidal, Carolina, Prezioso, Lucia, Guidetti, Anna, del Principe, Maria Ilaria, Popova, Marina, de Jonge, Nick, Ormazabal-Vélez, Irati, Fernández, Noemí, Falces-Romero, Iker, Cuccaro, Annarosa, Meers, Stef, Buquicchio, Caterina, Antić, Darko, Al-Khabori, Murtadha, García-Sanz, Ramón, Biernat, Monika M., Tisi, Maria Chiara, Sal, Ertan, Rahimli, Laman, Čolović, Natasa, Schönlein, Martin, Calbacho, Maria, Tascini, Carlo, Miranda-Castillo, Carolina, Khanna, Nina, Méndez, Gustavo-Adolfo, Petzer, Verena, Novák, Jan, Besson, Caroline, Duléry, Rémy, Lamure, Sylvain, Nucci, Marcio, Zambrotta, Giovanni, Žák, Pavel, Seval, Guldane Cengiz, Bonuomo, Valentina, Mayer, Jiří, López-García, Alberto, Sacchi, Maria Vittoria, Booth, Stephen, Ciceri, Fabio, Oberti, Margherita, Salvini, Marco, Izuzquiza, Macarena, Nunes-Rodrigues, Raquel, Ammatuna, Emanuele, Obr, Aleš, Herbrecht, Raoul, Núñez-Martín-Buitrago, Lucía, Mancini, Valentina, Shwaylia, Hawraa, Sciumè, Mariarita, Essame, Jenna, Nygaard, Marietta, Batinić, Josip, Gonzaga, Yung, Regalado-Artamendi, Isabel, Karlsson, Linda Katharina, Shapetska, Maryia, Hanakova, Michaela, El-Ashwah, Shaimaa, Borbényi, Zita, Çolak, Gökçe Melis, Nordlander, Anna, Dragonetti, Giulia, Maraglino, Alessio Maria Edoardo, Rinaldi, Amelia, De Ramón-Sánchez, Cristina, Cornely, Oliver A., Finizio, Olimpia, Fazzi, Rita, Sapienza, Giuseppe, Chauchet, Adrien, Van Praet, Jens, Prattes, Juergen, Dargenio, Michelina, Rossi, Cédric, Shirinova, Ayten, Malak, Sandra, Tafuri, Agostino, Ommen, Hans-Beier, Bologna, Serge, Khedr, Reham Abdelaziz, Choquet, Sylvain, Joly, Bertrand, Ceesay, M. Mansour, Philippe, Laure, Kho, Chi Shan, Desole, Maximilian, Tsirigotis, Panagiotis, Otašević, Vladimir, Borducchi, Davimar M. M., Antoniadou, Anastasia, Gaziev, Javid, Almaslamani, Muna A., García-Poutón, Nicole, Paterno, Giovangiacinto, Torres-López, Andrea, Tarantini, Giuseppe, Mellinghoff, Sibylle, Gräfe, Stefanie, Börschel, Niklas, Passweg, Jakob, Merelli, Maria, Barać, Aleksandra, Wolf, Dominik, Shaikh, Mohammad Usman, Thiéblemont, Catherine, Bernard, Sophie, Funke, Vaneuza Araújo Moreira, Daguindau, Etienne, Khostelidi, Sofya, Nucci, Fabio Moore, Martín-González, Juan-Alberto, Landau, Marianne, Soussain, Carole, Laureana, Cécile, Lacombe, Karine, Kohn, Milena, Aliyeva, Gunay, Piedimonte, Monica, Fouquet, Guillemette, Rêgo, Mayara, Hoell-Neugebauer, Baerbel, Cartron, Guillaume, Pinto, Fernando, Alburquerque, Ana Munhoz, Passos, Juliana, Yilmaz, Asu Fergun, Redondo-Izal, Ana-Margarita, Altuntaş, Fevzi, Heath, Christopher, Kolditz, Martin, Schalk, Enrico, Guolo, Fabio, Karthaus, Meinolf, Della Pepa, Roberta, Vinh, Donald, Noël, Nicolas, Deau Fischer, Bénédicte, Drenou, Bernard, Mitra, Maria Enza, Meletiadis, Joseph, Bilgin, Yavuz M., Jindra, Pavel, Espigado, Ildefonso, Drgoňa, Ľuboš, Serris, Alexandra, Di Blasi, Roberta, Ali, Natasha, EPICOVIDEHA working group, [missing], Pagano, Livio, Salmanton-Garcia, Jon, Marchesi, Francesco, Busca, Alessandro, Corradini, Paolo, Hoenigl, Martin, Klimko, Nikolai, Koehler, Philipp, Pagliuca, Antonio, Passamonti, Francesco, Verga, Luisa, Visek, Benjamin, Ilhan, Osman, Nadali, Gianpaolo, Weinbergerova, Barbora, Cordoba-Mascunano, Raul, Marchetti, Monia, Collins, Graham P., Farina, Francesca, Cattaneo, Chiara, Cabirta, Alba, Gomes-Silva, Maria, Itri, Federico, van Doesum, Jaap, Ledoux, Marie-Pierre, Cernan, Martin, Jaksic, Ozren, Duarte, Rafael F., Magliano, Gabriele, Omrani, Ali S., Fracchiolla, Nicola S., Kulasekararaj, Austin, Valkovic, Toni, Poulsen, Christian Bjorn, Machado, Marina, Glenthoj, Andreas, Stoma, Igor, Racil, Zdenek, Piukovics, Klara, Navratil, Milan, Emarah, Ziad, Sili, Uluhan, Maertens, Johan, Blennow, Ola, Bergantim, Rui, Garcia-Vidal, Carolina, Prezioso, Lucia, Guidetti, Anna, del Principe, Maria Ilaria, Popova, Marina, de Jonge, Nick, Ormazabal-Velez, Irati, Fernandez, Noemi, Falces-Romero, Iker, Cuccaro, Annarosa, Meers, Stef, Buquicchio, Caterina, Antic, Darko, Al-Khabori, Murtadha, Garcia-Sanz, Ramon, Biernat, Monika M., Tisi, Maria Chiara, Sal, Ertan, Rahimli, Laman, Colovic, Natasa, Schonlein, Martin, Calbacho, Maria, Tascini, Carlo, Miranda-Castillo, Carolina, Khanna, Nina, Mendez, Gustavo-Adolfo, Petzer, Verena, Novak, Jan, Besson, Caroline, Dulery, Remy, Lamure, Sylvain, Nucci, Marcio, Zambrotta, Giovanni, Zak, Pavel, Seval, Guldane Cengiz, Bonuomo, Valentina, Mayer, Jiri, Lopez-Garcia, Alberto, Sacchi, Maria Vittoria, Booth, Stephen, Ciceri, Fabio, Oberti, Margherita, Salvini, Marco, Izuzquiza, Macarena, Nunes-Rodrigues, Raquel, Ammatuna, Emanuele, Obr, Ales, Herbrecht, Raoul, Nunez-Martin-Buitrago, Lucia, Mancini, Valentina, Shwaylia, Hawraa, Sciume, Mariarita, Essame, Jenna, Nygaard, Marietta, Batinic, Josip, Gonzaga, Yung, Regalado-Artamendi, Isabel, Karlsson, Linda Katharina, Shapetska, Maryia, Hanakova, Michaela, El-Ashwah, Shaimaa, Borbenyi, Zita, Colak, Gokce Melis, Nordlander, Anna, Dragonetti, Giulia, Maraglino, Alessio Maria Edoardo, Rinaldi, Amelia, De Ramon-Sanchez, Cristina, Cornely, Oliver A., Pagano, L., Salmanton-Garcia, J., Marchesi, F., Busca, A., Corradini, P., Hoenigl, M., Klimko, N., Koehler, P., Pagliuca, A., Passamonti, F., Verga, L., Visek, B., Ilhan, O., Nadali, G., Weinbergerova, B., Cordoba-Mascunano, R., Marchetti, M., Collins, G. P., Farina, F., Cattaneo, C., Cabirta, A., Gomes-Silva, M., Itri, F., van Doesum, J., Ledoux, M. -P., Cernan, M., Jaksic, O., Duarte, R. F., Magliano, G., Omrani, A. S., Fracchiolla, N. S., Kulasekararaj, A., Valkovic, T., Poulsen, C. B., Machado, M., Glenthoj, A., Stoma, I., Racil, Z., Piukovics, K., Navratil, M., Emarah, Z., Sili, U., Maertens, J., Blennow, O., Bergantim, R., Garcia-Vidal, C., Prezioso, L., Guidetti, A., del Principe, M. I., Popova, M., de Jonge, N., Ormazabal-Velez, I., Fernandez, N., Falces-Romero, I., Cuccaro, A., Meers, S., Buquicchio, C., Antic, D., Al-Khabori, M., Garcia-Sanz, R., Biernat, M. M., Tisi, M. C., Sal, E., Rahimli, L., Colovic, N., Schonlein, M., Calbacho, M., Tascini, C., Miranda-Castillo, C., Khanna, N., Mendez, G. -A., Petzer, V., Novak, J., Besson, C., Dulery, R., Lamure, S., Nucci, M., Zambrotta, G., Zak, P., Seval, G. C., Bonuomo, V., Mayer, J., Lopez-Garcia, A., Sacchi, M. V., Booth, S., Ciceri, F., Oberti, M., Salvini, M., Izuzquiza, M., Nunes-Rodrigues, R., Ammatuna, E., Obr, A., Herbrecht, R., Nunez-Martin-Buitrago, L., Mancini, V., Shwaylia, H., Sciume, M., Essame, J., Nygaard, M., Batinic, J., Gonzaga, Y., Regalado-Artamendi, I., Karlsson, L. K., Shapetska, M., Hanakova, M., El-Ashwah, S., Borbenyi, Z., Colak, G. M., Nordlander, A., Dragonetti, G., Maraglino, A. M. E., Rinaldi, A., De Ramon-Sanchez, C., Cornely, O. A., Finizio, O., Fazzi, R., Sapienza, G., Chauchet, A., Van Praet, J., Prattes, J., Dargenio, M., Rossi, C., Shirinova, A., Malak, S., Tafuri, A., Ommen, H. -B., Bologna, S., Khedr, R. A., Choquet, S., Joly, B., Ceesay, M. M., Philippe, L., Kho, C. S., Desole, M., Tsirigotis, P., Otasevic, V., Borducchi, D. M. M., Antoniadou, A., Gaziev, J., Almaslamani, M. A., Garcia-Pouton, N., Paterno, G., Torres-Lopez, A., Tarantini, G., Mellinghoff, S., Grafe, S., Borschel, N., Passweg, J., Merelli, M., Barac, A., Wolf, D., Shaikh, M. U., Thieblemont, C., Bernard, S., Funke, V. A. M., Daguindau, E., Khostelidi, S., Nucci, F. M., Martin-Gonzalez, J. -A., Landau, M., Soussain, C., Laureana, C., Lacombe, K., Kohn, M., Aliyeva, G., Piedimonte, M., Fouquet, G., Rego, M., Hoell-Neugebauer, B., Cartron, G., Pinto, F., Alburquerque, A. M., Passos, J., Yilmaz, A. F., Redondo-Izal, A. -M., Altuntas, F., Heath, C., Kolditz, M., Schalk, E., Guolo, F., Karthaus, M., Della Pepa, R., Vinh, D., Noel, N., Deau Fischer, B., Drenou, B., Mitra, M. E., Meletiadis, J., Bilgin, Y. M., Jindra, P., Espigado, I., Drgona, L., Serris, A., Di Blasi, R., Ali, N., Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università cattolica del Sacro Cuore = Catholic University of the Sacred Heart [Roma] (Unicatt), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, IFO - Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena [Roma] (IRE), Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori [Milano], University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Medical University of Graz, Odessa National I.I.Mechnikov University, Faculty of Medicine [Cologne], University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne]-University of Cologne, King's College Hospital (KCH), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia = School of Medicine and Surgery [Monza], Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB), Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove [Republique Tchèque], Charles University [Prague] (CU), Ankara University School of Medicine [Turkey], Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz [Madrid] (FJD), Ospedale SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, Churchill Hospital Oxford Centre for Haematology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute [Milan, Italie], ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology [Barcelone] (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Ospedale San Luigi Gonzaga, University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), Institut de Cancérologie de Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Palacky University Olomouc, Zagreb School of Medicine [Zagreb, Croatia] (Dubrava University Hospital), University of Zagreb, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda [Madrid, Spain], ASST Great Metropolitan Niguarda / ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda [Milan, Italia], Hamad Medical Corporation [Doha, Qatar], Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Rijeka, Croatian Cooperative Group for Hematological Diseases (CROHEM), Zealand University Hospital [Roskilde, Denmark], Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Department of Clinical Microbiology [Rigshospitalet], Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital-Copenhagen University Hospital, Homieĺ State Medical University (GSMU), Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion [Prague, Czech Republic], University of Szeged [Szeged], University Hospital Ostrava, Mansoura University [Egypt], Marmara University [Kadıköy - İstanbul], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (I3S), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (IPATIMUP), Hospital de São João [Porto], Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto (FMUP), Clinic Barcelona Hospital Universitari, Department of Public Health and Cell Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University [St. Petersburg], Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre (VUMC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla [Santander], La Paz University Hospital, Azienda Usl Toscana centro [Firenze], AZ Klina, Clinical Center of Serbia (KCS), University of Belgrade [Belgrade], Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Partenaires INRAE, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Servicio de Haematologia, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer-IBMCC (USAL-CSIC), University of Wrocław [Poland] (UWr), San Bortolo Hospital, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre [Madrid], Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASU FC), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), University of Basel (Unibas), Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), University Hospital Kralovské Vinohrady, Centre Hospitalier de Versailles André Mignot (CHV), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Hématologie biologique [CHRU Montpellier], Pôle Biologie-Pathologie [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), San Gerardo Hospital of Monza, Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele [Milan, Italy], Assi Sette Llaghi Varese, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto / Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), University Hospital Olomouc [Czech Republic], ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Instituto Nacional do Câncer, Copenhagen University Hospital, Republican Scientific and Practical Center (RSPC) for organ and Tissue Transplantation, Minsk, Republican Scientific and Practical Center (RSPC) for Organ and Transplantation, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Gilead Sciences, Pagano, Livio [0000-0001-8287-928X], Salmanton-García, Jon [0000-0002-6766-8297], Marchesi, Francesco [0000-0001-6353-2272], Busca, Alessandro [0000-0001-5361-5613], Corradini, Paolo [0000-0002-9186-1353], Hoenigl, Martin [0000-0002-1653-2824], Klimko, Nikolay [0000-0001-6095-7531], Koehler, Philipp [0000-0002-7386-7495], Pagliuca, Antonio [0000-0003-2519-0333], Passamonti, Francesco [0000-0001-8068-5289], Verga, Luisa [0000-0003-1142-8435], Víšek, Benjamin [0000-0001-8268-452X], Ilhan, Osman [0000-0003-1665-372X], Weinbergerová, Barbora [0000-0001-6460-2471], Córdoba, Raúl [0000-0002-7654-8836], Marchetti, Monia [0000-0001-7615-0572], Farina, Francesca [0000-0002-5124-6970], Cattaneo, Chiara [0000-0003-0031-3237], Cabirta, Alba [0000-0001-7198-8894], Gomes-Silva, Maria [0000-0002-6993-2450], Itri, Federico [0000-0002-3532-5281], Doesum, Jaap van [0000-0003-0214-3219], Ledoux, Marie-Pierre [0000-0002-3261-3616], Čerňan, Martin [0000-0003-2345-1229], Jakšić, Ozren [0000-0003-4026-285X], Magliano, Gabriel [0000-0002-9129-1530], Omrani, Ali S. [0000-0001-5309-6358], Fracchiolla, Nicola S. [0000-0002-8982-8079], Kulasekararaj, Austin G. [0000-0003-3180-3570], Valković, Toni [0000-0001-6083-8815], Poulsen, Christian Bjørn [0000-0001-9785-1378], Machado, Marina [0000-0002-8370-2248], Glenthøj, Andrea [0000-0003-2082-0738], Stoma, Igor [0000-0003-0483-7329], Ráčil, Zdeněk [0000-0003-3511-4596], Piukovics, Klára [0000-0003-4480-3131], Emarah, Ziad [0000-0003-0622-2598], Sili, Uluhan [0000-0002-9939-9298], Maertens, Johan [0000-0003-4257-5980], Bergantim, Rui [0000-0002-7811-9509], García-Vidal, Carolina [0000-0002-8915-0683], Prezioso, Lucia [0000-0003-1660-4960], Principe, Maria Ilaria del [0000-0002-3958-0669], Popova, Marina [0000-0001-8536-5495], Jonge, Nick de [0000-0002-9901-0887], Ormazabal-Vélez, Irati [0000-0003-1141-5546], Falces-Romero, Iker [0000-0001-5888-7706], Cuccaro, Annarosa [0000-0002-0237-1839], Meers, Stef [0000-0003-1754-2175], Buquicchio, Caterina [0000-0002-3683-5953], Antić, Darko [0000-0002-2608-1342], Al-Khabori, Murtadha [0000-0002-2937-8838], García-Sanz, Ramón [0000-0003-4120-2787], Biernat, Monika [0000-0003-3161-3398], Tisi, Maria Chiara [0000-0001-8231-6700], Sal, Ertan [0000-0003-2761-2675], Rahimli, Laman [0000-0003-2266-445X], Schönlein, Martin [0000-0002-1010-0975], Calbacho, María [0000-0001-8106-4863], Tascini, Carlo [0000-0001-9625-6024], Miranda-Castillo, Carolina [0000-0001-8763-9576], Khanna, Nina [0000-0002-2642-419X], Méndez, Gustavo-Adolfo [0000-0003-0514-7004], Petzer, Verena [0000-0002-9205-1440], Besson, Caroline [0000-0003-4364-7173], Duléry, Rémy [0000-0002-5024-1713], Lamure, Sylvain [0000-0001-5980-305X], Nucci, Marcio [0000-0003-4867-0014], Zambrotta, Giovanni [0000-0002-8612-2994], Žák, Pavel [0000-0003-4465-5343], Cengiz Seval, Guldane [0000-0001-9433-2054], Bonuomo, Valentina [0000-0001-6491-8337], Mayer, Jiří [0000-0003-0567-9887], López-García, Alberto [0000-0002-5354-5261], Sacchi, Maria Vittoria [0000-0001-8133-3357], Booth, Stephen [0000-0003-2687-0234], Ciceri, Fabio [0000-0003-0873-0123], Nunes-Rodrigues, Raquel [0000-0002-8347-4281], Ammatuna, Emanuele [0000-0001-8247-4901], Obr, Aleš [0000-0002-6758-3074], Herbrecht, Raoul [0000-0002-9381-4876], Shwaylia, Hawraa [0000-0002-4098-6092], Sciumè, Mariarita [0000-0001-7958-4966], Essame, Jenna [0000-0003-0926-5577], Batinić, Josip [0000-0001-5595-9911], Gonzaga, Yung [0000-0003-1416-2118], Regalado-Artamendi, Isabel [0000-0002-9673-9015], Karlsson, Linda Katharina [0000-0003-3317-7550], Shapetska, Maryia [0000-0002-1223-9161], El-Ashwah, Shaimaa [0000-0003-2210-1534], Çolak, Gökçe Melis [0000-0002-7662-7454], Dragonetti, Giulia [0000-0003-1775-6333], Rinaldi, Amelia [0000-0002-8211-5076], Ramón, Cristina de [0000-0002-8167-6410], Cornely, Oliver A. [0000-0001-9599-3137], Institut Català de la Salut, [Pagano L] Hematology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli - IRCCS – Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. [Salmanton-García J] Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. Cologne Excellence Cluster On Cellular Stress Responses in Aging Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany. [Marchesi F] Hematology and Stem Cell Transplant Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy. [Busca A] Stem Cell Transplant Center, AOU Citta’ Della Salute E Della Scienza, Turin, Italy. [Corradini P] University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Milan, Italy. [Hoenigl M] Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA. Clinical and Translational Fungal Working Group, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. Section of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria. [Cabirta A, Izuzquiza M] Servei d’Hematologia, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Experimental Hematology, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain. Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Hematology, Salmanton-García, Jon, Klimko, Nikolay, Víšek, Benjamin, Weinbergerová, Barbora, Córdoba, Raúl, Doesum, Jaap van, Čerňan, Martin, Jakšić, Ozren, Magliano, Gabriel, Kulasekararaj, Austin G., Valković, Toni, Poulsen, Christian Bjørn, Glenthøj, Andrea, Ráčil, Zdeněk, Piukovics, Klára, García-Vidal, Carolina, Principe, Maria Ilaria del, Jonge, Nick de, Ormazabal-Vélez, Irati, Antić, Darko, García-Sanz, Ramón, Biernat, Monika, Schönlein, Martin, Calbacho, María, Méndez, Gustavo-Adolfo, Duléry, Rémy, Žák, Pavel, Cengiz Seval, Guldane, Mayer, Jiří, López-García, Alberto, Obr, Aleš, Sciumè, Mariarita, Batinić, Josip, Çolak, Gökçe Melis, Ramón, Cristina de, and Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina
Subjects: [SDV.MHEP.HEM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Male, Cancer Research, MESH: Registries, Epidemiology, MESH: Hospitalization, Hematological malignancies, Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/complicaciones [Otros calificadores], MESH: Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Risk Factors, Malalties - Factors de risc, Risk of mortality, Medicine and Health Sciences, virosis::infecciones por virus ARN::infecciones por Nidovirales::infecciones por Coronaviridae::infecciones por Coronavirus [ENFERMEDADES], 80 and over, Medicine, MESH: COVID-19, Registries, Sang - Malalties - Complicacions, RC254-282, Cause of death, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Interna medicina, MESH: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Hematology, MESH: Middle Aged, Mortality rate, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Myeloid leukemia, Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [DISEASES], [SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Middle Aged, CANCER, Europe, Hospitalization, Intensive Care Units, Oncology, MESH: Young Adult, Hematologic Neoplasms, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Infektologija, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, COVID-19, EHA, Pandemic, Aged, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Young Adult, técnicas de investigación::métodos epidemiológicos::estadística como asunto::probabilidad::riesgo::factores de riesgo [TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS], [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Intensive care, Internal medicine, Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, MESH: SARS-CoV-2, neoplasias::neoplasias por localización::neoplasias hematológicas [ENFERMEDADES], Molecular Biology, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Internal Medicine, pandemic, hematological malignancies, epidemiology, MESH: Humans, Science & Technology, business.industry, Myelodysplastic syndromes, Research, MESH: Adult, Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Hematologic Neoplasms [DISEASES], medicine.disease, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Infectology, Settore MED/15, MESH: Male, Settore MED/15 - MALATTIE DEL SANGUE, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, COVID-19 (Malaltia) - Diagnòstic, MESH: Intensive Care Units, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT], MESH: Europe, RC633-647.5, business, MESH: Female, Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/complications [Other subheadings], MESH: Hematologic Neoplasms
Abstract: Background Patients with hematological malignancies (HM) are at high risk of mortality from SARS-CoV-2 disease 2019 (COVID-19). A better understanding of risk factors for adverse outcomes may improve clinical management in these patients. We therefore studied baseline characteristics of HM patients developing COVID-19 and analyzed predictors of mortality. Methods The survey was supported by the Scientific Working Group Infection in Hematology of the European Hematology Association (EHA). Eligible for the analysis were adult patients with HM and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 observed between March and December 2020. Results The study sample includes 3801 cases, represented by lymphoproliferative (mainly non-Hodgkin lymphoma n = 1084, myeloma n = 684 and chronic lymphoid leukemia n = 474) and myeloproliferative malignancies (mainly acute myeloid leukemia n = 497 and myelodysplastic syndromes n = 279). Severe/critical COVID-19 was observed in 63.8% of patients (n = 2425). Overall, 2778 (73.1%) of the patients were hospitalized, 689 (18.1%) of whom were admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Overall, 1185 patients (31.2%) died. The primary cause of death was COVID-19 in 688 patients (58.1%), HM in 173 patients (14.6%), and a combination of both COVID-19 and progressing HM in 155 patients (13.1%). Highest mortality was observed in acute myeloid leukemia (199/497, 40%) and myelodysplastic syndromes (118/279, 42.3%). The mortality rate significantly decreased between the first COVID-19 wave (March–May 2020) and the second wave (October–December 2020) (581/1427, 40.7% vs. 439/1773, 24.8%, p value, EPICOVIDEHA has received funds from Optics COMMITTM (COVID-19 Unmet Medical Needs and Associated Research Extension) COVID-19 RFP program by GILEAD Science, United States (Project 2020-8223).
Published: 2021

20. COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis, March-August 2020

Author: Salmanton-García, Jon, Sprute, Rosanne, Stemler, Jannik, Bartoletti, Michele, Dupont, Damien, Valerio, Maricela, Garcia-Vidal, Carolina, Falces-Romero, Iker, Machado, Marina, de la Villa, Sofía, Schroeder, Maria, Hoyo, Irma, Hanses, Frank, Ferreira-Paim, Kennio, Giacobbe, Daniele Roberto, Meis, Jacques F., Gangneux, Jean-Pierre, Rodríguez-Guardado, Azucena, Antinori, Spinello, Sal, Ertan, Malaj, Xhorxha, Seidel, Danila, Cornely, Oliver A., Koehler, Philipp, The FungiScope European Confederation of Medical Mycology/The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology Working Group2, [missing], Van Praet, Jens, Chard-Hutchinson, Xavier, Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), University Hospital Regensburg, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais [Belo Horizonte] (UFMG), Università degli studi di Genova = University of Genoa (UniGe), Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital [Nijmegen, The Netherlands], École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Universita Vita Salute San Raffaele = Vita-Salute San Raffaele University [Milan, Italie] (UniSR), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Amplyx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd, Basilea Pharmaceuticals, Cidara Therapeutics, Inc., F2G Ltd., Matinas BioPharma, Mundipharma International, Pfizer Inc.Pfizer, Astellas Pharma Inc.Astellas Pharmaceuticals, Gilead Sciences Inc.Gilead Sciences, MSD Sharp Dohme GmbH, Medical Faculty of the University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany, MSD Italia Srl, Philipp Schwartz Initiative of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, German Federal Ministry of Research and Education, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Germany's Excellence Strategy (CECAD)German Research Foundation (DFG) [EXC 2030 -390661388], Actelion Pharmaceuticals Global, Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd., Da Volterra, Janssen PharmaceuticalsJohnson and Johnson USAJanssen Biotech Inc, The Medicines Company, Melinta Therapeutics, Merck Sharp Dohme Corp.Merck and Company, Octapharma AG, Scynexis, Inc., Correvio Pharma Corp., Universität zu Köln, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Genoa (UNIGE), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Salmanton-Garcia J., Sprute R., Stemler J., Bartoletti M., Dupont D., Valerio M., Garcia-Vidal C., Falces-Romero I., Machado M., de la Villa S., Schroeder M., Hoyo I., Hanses F., Ferreira-Paim K., Giacobbe D.R., Meis J.F., Gangneux J.-P., Rodriguez-Guardado A., Antinori S., Sal E., Malaj X., Seidel D., Cornely O.A., and Koehler P.
Subjects: Registrie, Male, INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS, Antifungal Agents, Epidemiology, medicine.medical_treatment, International Cooperation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, coronaviruse, medicine.disease_cause, Aspergillosis, intensive care unit, law.invention, Immunologic Factor, 0302 clinical medicine, respiratory infection, law, Risk Factors, Medicine and Health Sciences, aspergillosi, Antifungal Agent, Medicine, Cumulative incidence, aspergillosis, 030212 general & internal medicine, Registries, Coronavirus, Respiration, Incidence, Aspergillus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, coronavirus disease, coronaviruses, fungi, respiratory infections, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, viruses, voriconazole, zoonoses, Aged, Aspergillus fumigatus, Female, Humans, Immunologic Factors, Intensive Care Units, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Respiration, Artificial, Voriconazole, Pulmonary Aspergillosis, Intensive care unit, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Superinfection, Artificial, COVID-19–Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis, March–August 2020, Human, medicine.drug, zoonose, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, 030231 tropical medicine, Outcome and Process Assessment, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, lcsh:RC109-216, Mechanical ventilation, viruse, business.industry, Risk Factor, Research, lcsh:R, Aspergillu, medicine.disease, Health Care, Pneumonia, Aspergillus fumigatu, business
Abstract: International audience; Pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 emerged in China at the end of 2019. Because of the severe immunomodulation and lymphocyte depletion caused by this virus and the subsequent administration of drugs directed at the immune system, we anticipated that patients might experience fungal superinfection. We collected data from 186 patients who had coronavirus disease-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) worldwide during March-August 2020. Overall, 182 patients were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), including 180 with acute respiratory distress syndrome and 175 who received mechanical ventilation. CAPA was diagnosed a median of 10 days after coronavirus disease diagnosis. Aspergillus fumigatus was identified in 80.3% of patient cultures, 4 of which were azole-resistant. Most (52.7%) patients received voriconazole. In total, 52.2% of patients died; of the deaths, 33.0% were attributed to CAPA. We found that the cumulative incidence of CAPA in the ICU ranged from 1.0% to 39.1%.
Published: 2021

21. Repositories for Taxonomic Data: Where We Are and What is Missing

Author: Jasmin Renz, Tanja Weibulat, Tim Wilhelm Nattkemper, Mark D. Scherz, Susanne S. Renner, Christian Printzen, Miguel Vences, Frank Oliver Glöckner, Michael Bonkowski, Frank Glaw, Ivaylo Kostadinov, Birgit Gemeinholzer, Janine Felden, Thomas Wilke, Teddy Bruy, Dominik Begerow, Aurélien Miralles, Nataliya Rybalka, Marc Stadler, Bank Beszteri, Oliver Hawlitschek, Katherine A. Wolcott, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Smithsonian Institution, Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Universität Konstanz, Ruhr University Bochum (RUB), University of Duisburg-Essen, University of Cologne, University of Bremen, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Universität Hamburg (UHH), Fachbereich Geowissenschaften [Bremen], Universität Bremen, Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University, Senckenberg Research Institutes and Natural History Museums, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), and Justus Liebig University
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, taxonomic data, Databases, Factual, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Big data, cyberspecimen, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, taxonomy, Documentation, Taxonomy (general), ddc:570, Genetics, Animals, Point of View, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Digitization, new species, business.industry, specimen identifier, AcademicSubjects/SCI01130, Classification, Data science, omics, Identifier, Metadata, 030104 developmental biology, Taxon, Workflow, business, Biologie, repositories
Abstract: Natural history collections are leading successful large-scale projects of specimen digitization (images, metadata, DNA barcodes), thereby transforming taxonomy into a big data science. Yet, little effort has been directed towards safeguarding and subsequently mobilizing the considerable amount of original data generated during the process of naming 15,000–20,000 species every year. From the perspective of alpha-taxonomists, we provide a review of the properties and diversity of taxonomic data, assess their volume and use, and establish criteria for optimizing data repositories. We surveyed 4113 alpha-taxonomic studies in representative journals for 2002, 2010, and 2018, and found an increasing yet comparatively limited use of molecular data in species diagnosis and description. In 2018, of the 2661 papers published in specialized taxonomic journals, molecular data were widely used in mycology (94%), regularly in vertebrates (53%), but rarely in botany (15%) and entomology (10%). Images play an important role in taxonomic research on all taxa, with photographs used in >80% and drawings in 58% of the surveyed papers. The use of omics (high-throughput) approaches or 3D documentation is still rare. Improved archiving strategies for metabarcoding consensus reads, genome and transcriptome assemblies, and chemical and metabolomic data could help to mobilize the wealth of high-throughput data for alpha-taxonomy. Because long-term—ideally perpetual—data storage is of particular importance for taxonomy, energy footprint reduction via less storage-demanding formats is a priority if their information content suffices for the purpose of taxonomic studies. Whereas taxonomic assignments are quasifacts for most biological disciplines, they remain hypotheses pertaining to evolutionary relatedness of individuals for alpha-taxonomy. For this reason, an improved reuse of taxonomic data, including machine-learning-based species identification and delimitation pipelines, requires a cyberspecimen approach—linking data via unique specimen identifiers, and thereby making them findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable for taxonomic research. This poses both qualitative challenges to adapt the existing infrastructure of data centers to a specimen-centered concept and quantitative challenges to host and connect an estimated \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{upgreek} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document} }{}$ \le $\end{document}2 million images produced per year by alpha-taxonomic studies, plus many millions of images from digitization campaigns. Of the 30,000–40,000 taxonomists globally, many are thought to be nonprofessionals, and capturing the data for online storage and reuse therefore requires low-complexity submission workflows and cost-free repository use. Expert taxonomists are the main stakeholders able to identify and formalize the needs of the discipline; their expertise is needed to implement the envisioned virtual collections of cyberspecimens. [Big data; cyberspecimen; new species; omics; repositories; specimen identifier; taxonomy; taxonomic data.]
Published: 2020

22. HIV DNA reservoir and elevated PD-1 expression of CD4 T-cell subsets particularly persist in the terminal ileum of HIV-positive patients despite cART

Author: Meryem S. Ercanoglu, Darragh Duffy, M Müller-Trutwin, C Vivaldi, J Anderson, Jan Rybniker, Florian Klein, Max Augustin, D Nierhoff, Eva Heger, Mark Oette, S-H Chon, H Schäfer, Christof Geldmacher, V Bondet, Isabelle Suárez, Elena Knops, Carola Horn, Kathrin Held, Clara Lehmann, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Universität zu Köln, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Faculty of Medicine [Cologne], University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne]-University of Cologne, Immunobiologie des Cellules dendritiques, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], PAN Klinik [Köln], Klinikum der Universität [München], German Center for Infection Research, Partnersite Munich (DZIF), HIV, Inflammation et persistance, Institut Pasteur [Paris], This work was supported by the German Center for Infection Research (grant nos 80185MDCAH to CH and 8018804915 to CL) and the French Agency for Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis (ANRS) (grant no. 17066 to MMT)., Universität zu Köln = University of Cologne, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), HIV, Inflammation et persistance - HIV, Inflammation and Persistence, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), and Vougny, Marie-Christine
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cart, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, medicine.medical_treatment, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Rectum, HIV Infections, In situ hybridization, Peripheral blood mononuclear cell, HIV reservoir, Flow cytometry, 03 medical and health sciences, immune dysfunction, 0302 clinical medicine, Ileum, T-Lymphocyte Subsets, PD-1, Medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Health Policy, virus diseases, HIV, Immunotherapy, DNA, 030112 virology, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Immunology, memory CD4 T-cell subsets, HIV-1, Immunohistochemistry, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, business
Abstract: International audience; Despite its importance as an HIV anatomic sanctuary, little is known about the characteristics of the HIV reservoir in the terminal ileum (TI). In blood, the immune checkpoint inhibitor programmed-death-1 (PD-1) has been linked to the HIV reservoir and T-cell immune dysfunction. We thus evaluated PD-1 expression and cell-associated HIV DNA in memory CD4 T-cell subsets from TI, peripheral blood (PB) and rectum (RE) of untreated and treated HIV-positive patients to identify associations between PD-1 and HIV reservoir in other sites.MethodsUsing mononuclear cells from PB, TI and RE of untreated HIV-positive (N = 6), treated (n = 18) HIV-positive and uninfected individuals (n = 16), we identified and sorted distinct memory CD4 T-cell subsets by flow cytometry, quantified their cell-associated HIV DNA using quantitative PCR and assessed PD-1 expression levels using geometric mean fluorescence intensity. Combined HIV-1 RNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry was performed on ileal biopsy sections.ResultsCombined antiretroviral therapy (cART)-treated patients with undetectable HIV RNA and significantly lower levels of HIV DNA in PB showed particularly high PD-1 expression in PB and TI, and high HIV DNA levels in TI, irrespective of clinical characteristics. By contrast, in treatment-naïve patients HIV DNA levels in memory CD4 T-cell subsets were high in PB and TI.ConclusionElevated PD-1 expression on memory CD4 T-cells in PB and TI despite treatment points to continuous immune dysfunction and underlines the importance of evaluating immunotherapy in reversing HIV latency and T-cell reconstitution. As HIV DNA particularly persists in TI despite cART, investigating samples from TI is crucial in understanding HIV immunopathogenesis.
Published: 2020

23. Labyrinthopeptins as virolytic inhibitors of respiratory syncytial virus cell entry

Author: Gesine Hansen, Jean-François Eléouët, Marie Galloux, Hans Prochnow, Sebastian Blockus, Mark Brönstrup, Thomas Pietschmann, Theresa Graalmann, Sibylle Haid, Zeljka Rupcic, Martin Wetzke, Marina Pils, Ronald Dijkman, Ronan Le Goffic, Bettina Wiegmann, Katharina Rox, Stephan Hüttel, Svenja M. Sake, W. Paul Duprex, Volker Thiel, Marie-Anne Rameix-Welti, Christina Grethe, TWINCORE, Zentrum für experimentelle und klinische Infektionsforschung GmbH,Feodor-Lynen Str. 7, 30625 Hannover, Germany., Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research (TWINCORE), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)-Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Institute for Experimental Virology [Hanovre, Allemagne], Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)-Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH)-Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI)-Medizinische Hochschule Hannover (MHH), Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), German Center for Infection Research - partner site Hannover-Braunschweig (DZIF), Institute for Experimental Infection Research, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research [Hanover] (TWINCORE), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM (UR 0892)), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Chemical Biology, German Research Centre for Biotechnology, Institute of Virology and Immunology [Mittelhäusern] (IVI), University of Bern, Infection et inflammation (2I), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL), Boston University [Boston] (BU), Supported by the Innovation Fonds of the Helmholtz Association, by the Pre-4D-Fonds of the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, and by the Helmholtz-Alberta Initiative for Infectious Disease Research (HAI-IDR), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy – EXC 2155 'RESIST' – Project ID 39087428., Clinical leave scholarship from the German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Scholarship from the Young Academy of Hannover Medical School, and Swiss National Science Foundation (grants 310030_179260 and 310030_173085)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Cell, 610 Medicine & health, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections, Antiviral Agents, Virus, Virolytic, Cell Line, Labyrinthopeptin, Lanthipeptide, 03 medical and health sciences, Virus entry, Mice, Therapeutic index, Bacteriocins, In vivo, Viral entry, Virology, medicine, Animals, Humans, Antiviral activity, Lung, Cells, Cultured, Pharmacology, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Respiratory tract infections, 630 Agriculture, business.industry, Viral membrane, Virus Internalization, 3. Good health, Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human, 570 Life sciences, biology, Female, business, Ex vivo
Abstract: International audience; Acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are associated with a severe disease burden among infants and elderly patients. Treatment options are limited. While numerous drug candidates with different viral targets are under development, the utility of RSV entry inhibitors is challenged by a low resistance barrier and by single mutations causing cross-resistance against a wide spectrum of fusion inhibitor chemotypes. We developed a cell-based screening assay for discovery of compounds inhibiting infection with primary RSV isolates. Using this system, we identified labyrinthopeptin A1 and A2 (Laby A1/A2), lantibiotics isolated from Actinomadura namibiensis, as effective RSV cell entry inhibitors with IC50s of 0.39 μM and 4.97 μM, respectively, and with favourable therapeutic index (>200 and > 20, respectively). Both molecules were active against multiple RSV strains including primary isolates and their antiviral activity against RSV was confirmed in primary human airway cells ex vivo and a murine model in vivo. Laby A1/A2 were antiviral in prophylactic and therapeutic treatment regimens and displayed synergistic activity when applied in combination with each other. Mechanistic studies showed that Laby A1/A2 exert virolytic activity likely by binding to phosphatidylethanolamine moieties within the viral membrane and by disrupting virus particle membrane integrity. Probably due to its specific mode of action, Laby A1/A2 antiviral activity was not affected by common resistance mutations to known RSV entry inhibitors. Taken together, Laby A1/A2 represent promising candidates for development as RSV inhibitors. Moreover, the cell-based screening system with primary RSV isolates described here should be useful to identify further antiviral agents.
Published: 2020

24. Antibiotic resistance prediction for Mycobacterium tuberculosis from genome sequence data with Mykrobe

Author: Jennifer L. Gardy, Phillip Fowler, Simon Heys, Kerri M. Malone, Vanessa Mathys, Phelim Bradley, Penelope Wintringer, Timothy M Walker, Simon Grandjean Lapierre, Martin Hunt, Iñaki Comas, Dick van Soolingen, Vitali Sintchenko, Thomas Kohl, Sabira Tahseen, Zamin Iqbal, Grace Smith, Mark Thomsit, Shaheed V. Omar, Derrick W. Crook, Tim E. A. Peto, Philip Supply, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Maha R. Farhat, Stefan Niemann, Matthias Merker, Nazir Ahmed Ismail, Mark H. Wilcox, Michael B Hall, Irena Arandjelovic, European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, University of Oxford [Oxford], Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Oxford University Clinical Research Unit [Ho Chi Minh City] (OUCRU), IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele [Milan, Italy], Instituto de biomedicina [Valencia] (IBV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana [Espagne] (FISABIO), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), British Columbia Centre for Disease Control [Vancouver] (BCCDC), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [Seattle], National Institute for Communicable Diseases [Johannesburg] (NICD), Forschungszentrum Borstel - Research Center Borstel, Maladies bactériennes = Bacterial diseases [Bruxelles], Sciensano [Bruxelles], Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), German Center for Infection Research - Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), The University of Sydney, Public Health England - Midlands and east of England regional office [Birmimgham], Public Health England [London], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, National TB control Program [Islamabad, Pakistan], Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, University of Leeds, University of Belgrade [Belgrade], ZI was funded by a Wellcome Trust/Royal Society Sir Henry Dale Fellowship, grant number 102541. MH was supported by Wellcome Trust/Newton Fund-MRC Collaborative Award [200205], and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Trust [OPP1133541]. TMW is a Wellcome Trust Clinical Career Development Fellow, grant number 214560., Royal Society (UK), Newton Fund, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, University of Oxford, Institut Pasteur de Lille, and Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Nanopore, Tuberculosis, antibiotic treatment Reviewer Status, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Medicine (miscellaneous), diagnostic, Context (language use), Computational biology, Drug resistance, Biology, Antimicrobial resistance, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Diagnostic, nanopore, Ethambutol, whole genome sequencing, Software Tool Article, Articles, Pyrazinamide, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Antibiotic treatment, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, tuberculosis, Whole genome sequencing, Nanopore sequencing, Rifampicin, medicine.drug
Abstract: 32 páginas, 7figuras, 9 tablas. This project contains European Nucleotide Archive accession numbers for Illumina sequence data and associated metatdata, Two billion people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, leading to 10 million new cases of active tuberculosis and 1.5 million deaths annually. Universal access to drug susceptibility testing (DST) has become a World Health Organization priority. We previously developed a software tool, Mykrobe predictor, which provided offline species identification and drug resistance predictions for M. tuberculosis from whole genome sequencing (WGS) data. Performance was insufficient to support the use of WGS as an alternative to conventional phenotype-based DST, due to mutation catalogue limitations. Here we present a new tool, Mykrobe, which provides the same functionality based on a new software implementation. Improvements include i) an updated mutation catalogue giving greater sensitivity to detect pyrazinamide resistance, ii) support for user-defined resistance catalogues, iii) improved identification of non-tuberculous mycobacterial species, and iv) an updated statistical model for Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing data. Mykrobe is released under MIT license at https://github.com/mykrobe-tools/mykrobe. We incorporate mutation catalogues from the CRyPTIC consortium et al. (2018) and from Walker et al. (2015), and make improvements based on performance on an initial set of 3206 and an independent set of 5845 M. tuberculosis Illumina sequences. To give estimates of error rates, we use a prospectively collected dataset of 4362 M. tuberculosis isolates. Using culture based DST as the reference, we estimate Mykrobe to be 100%, 95%, 82%, 99% sensitive and 99%, 100%, 99%, 99% specific for rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide and ethambutol resistance prediction respectively. We benchmark against four other tools on 10207 (=5845+4362) samples, and also show that Mykrobe gives concordant results with nanopore data. We measure the ability of Mykrobe-based DST to guide personalized therapeutic regimen design in the context of complex drug susceptibility profiles, showing 94% concordance of implied regimen with that driven by phenotypic DST, higher than all other benchmarked tools., ZI was funded by a Wellcome Trust/Royal Society Sir Henry Dale Fellowship, grant number 102541. MH was supported by Wellcome Trust/Newton Fund-MRC Collaborative Award [200205]; and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Trust [OPP1133541]. TMW is a Wellcome Trust Clinical Career Development Fellow, grant number 214560. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Published: 2020

25. Laboratory readiness and response for novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in expert laboratories in 30 EU/EEA countries, January 2020

Author: Marion Koopmans, Katrin Leitmeyer, Bart L. Haagmans, Chantal B.E.M. Reusken, Anna Papa, ERLI-Net, Christian Drosten, Victor M. Corman, Adam Meijer, Eeva Broberg, Rémi N. Charrel, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), EVD-LabNet, ERLI-Net, Bodescot, Myriam, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control [Stockholm, Sweden] (ECDC), and Virology
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Epidemiology, coronavirus, medicine.disease_cause, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Disease Outbreaks, 0302 clinical medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, media_common, Coronavirus, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, response, biology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, emerging infections, Diagnostic test, Reference Standards, 3. Good health, 2019-nCoV, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, RNA, Viral, Coronavirus Infections, Sequence Analysis, Rapid Communication, 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 030106 microbiology, Pneumonia, Viral, Sensitivity and Specificity, 03 medical and health sciences, Betacoronavirus, Emerging infections, Virology, medicine, media_common.cataloged_instance, Humans, European Union, European union, COVID-19, zoonoses, laboratory, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, SARS-CoV-2, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, biology.organism_classification, Business, Laboratories, Sentinel Surveillance
Abstract: International audience; Timely detection of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infection cases is crucial to interrupt the spread of this virus. We assessed the required expertise and capacity for molecular detection of 2019-nCoV in specialised laboratories in 30 European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) countries. Thirty-eight laboratories in 24 EU/EEA countries had diagnostic tests available by 29 January 2020. A coverage of all EU/EEA countries was expected by mid-February. Availability of primers/probes, positive controls and personnel were main implementation barriers.
Published: 2020

26. Cause-specific mortality after diagnosis of cancer among HIV-positive patients: a collaborative analysis of cohort studies

Author: Peter Reiss, Margaret T May, Matthias Cavassini, Sophie Grabar, Christoph Wyen, Sophie Abgrall, Fabrice Bonnet, Julia del Amo, Amy C. Justice, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Ferdinand W. N. M. Wit, Katharina Grabmeier-Pfistershammer, Leah Shepherd, Ramón Teira, Juan Berenguer, M. John Gill, Adam Trickey, Jodie L. Guest, Janne Vehreschild, Dominique Costagliola, Jonathan A C Sterne, Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, University of Bristol [Bristol], University of Calgary, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Groupe hospitalier Broca, University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Stichting HIV Monitoring [Amsterdam], Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Amsterdam Institute for Global Health & Development [Amsterdam, The Netherlands], VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University [Atlanta, GA], University College of London [London] (UCL), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Institute of Health Carlos III, Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Department for International Development (Reino Unido), NIH - National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) (Estados Unidos), Medical Research Council (Reino Unido), Unión Europea. Comisión Europea. 7 Programa Marco, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Francia), Swiss National Science Foundation, Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo (España), Red de Investigación Cooperativa en Investigación en Sida (España), National Institutes of Health (Estados Unidos), Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Global Health, Infectious diseases, AII - Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Yale University School of Medicine, United Kingdom Department for International Development, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (United States), Medical Research Council (United Kingdom), 7º Programa Marco - Comisión Europea, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Red Española de Investigación en SIDA, and National Institutes of Health (United States)
Subjects: Cancer Research, Lung Neoplasms, ADM, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Uterine Cervical Neoplasms, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medical diagnosis, Cancer, Lymphoma, AIDS-Related, education.field_of_study, Mortality rate, Liver Neoplasms, Cohort, cohort, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Hodgkin Disease, 3. Good health, Survival Rate, NADM, PLHIV, cancer, mortality, Infectious Causes of Cancer, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, France, Cohort study, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, IDLIC, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Mortality, education, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, business.industry, medicine.disease, United Kingdom, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business
Abstract: People living with HIV (PLHIV) are more likely than the general population to develop AIDS‐defining malignancies (ADMs) and several non‐ADMs (NADMs). Information is lacking on survival outcomes and cause‐specific mortality after cancer diagnosis among PLHIV. We investigated causes of death within 5 years of cancer diagnosis in PLHIV enrolled in European and North American HIV cohorts starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) 1996–2015, aged ≥16 years, and subsequently diagnosed with cancer. Cancers were grouped: ADMs, viral NADMs and nonviral NADMs. We calculated cause‐specific mortality rates (MR) after diagnosis of specific cancers and compared 5‐year survival with the UK and France general populations. Among 83,856 PLHIV there were 4,436 cancer diagnoses. Of 603 deaths after ADM diagnosis, 292 (48%) were due to an ADM. There were 467/847 (55%) and 74/189 (39%) deaths that were due to an NADM after nonviral and viral NADM diagnoses, respectively. MR were higher for diagnoses between 1996 and 2005 versus 2006–2015: ADMs 102 (95% CI 92–113) per 1,000 years versus 88 (78–100), viral NADMs 134 (106–169) versus 111 (93–133) and nonviral NADMs 264 (232–300) versus 226 (206–248). Estimated 5‐year survival for PLHIV diagnosed with liver (29% [19–39%]), lung (18% [13–23%]) and cervical (75% [63–84%]) cancer was similar to general populations. Survival after Hodgkin's lymphoma diagnosis was lower in PLHIV (75% [67–81%]). Among ART‐treated PLHIV diagnosed with cancer, MR and causes of death varied by cancer type, with mortality highest for liver and lung cancers. Deaths within 5 years of NADM diagnoses were more likely to be from cancer than AIDS., What's new? People with HIV live longer than they used to, thanks to advances in antiretroviral therapy. These improvements reduced the incidence of AIDS‐defining malignancies, such as Kaposi's sarcoma, but the increased life expectancy has led to more diagnoses of cancers not traditionally associated with HIV. Here, the authors studied cause‐specific mortality among people with HIV diagnosed with cancer. For those people, within 5 years after a cancer diagnosis, cause of death was more likely to be cancer than AIDS. Survival rates after diagnosis varied by cancer type, but were similar to rates among the general population.
Published: 2020

27. A standardised model for stool banking for faecal microbiota transplantation: a consensus report from a multidisciplinary UEG working group

Author: Zain Kassam, Alexander Link, Eero Mattila, Chris J. J. Mulder, Josbert J. Keller, Christoph Högenauer, Ed J. Kuijper, Maurizio Sanguinetti, Gianluca Laniro, Maria J G T Vehreschild, Elisabeth M. Terveer, Ajit Sood, Patrizia Kump, Simon D. Goldenberg, Oleksiy Gridnyev, Simon Mark Dahl Baunwall, Olena Gubska, Giovanni Cammarota, Simone C. Lieberknecht, Cyriel Y. Ponsioen, Francis Mégraud, Andrey Dorofeev, Shiv Kumar Sarin, Antonio Gasbarrini, Reetta Satokari, Herbert Tilg, Christian Lodberg Hvas, Horace R T Williams, Rogier E. Ooijevaar, Laurent Alric, Radislav Nakov, Hein W. Verspaget, Abraham Goorhuis, Ramesh P. Arasaradnam, Georgina L. Hold, Lorenza Putignani, Perttu Arkkila, Sergiy Tkatch, Juozas Kupcinskas, Harry Sokol, Megraud, Francis, Haaglanden Medical Center [La Haye, Pays-Bas] (HMC), Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Aarhus University Hospital, Frankfurt University Hospital, Medical University Graz, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), French Group of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation [Paris] (GFTF), Physiopathologie du cancer du foie, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Tsaritsa Yoanna University Hospital = Queen Giovanna University Hospital [Sofia], King‘s College London, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust [London], Ukranian Scientific and Practical Center of Endocrine Surgery [Kyiv], Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education n.a. P.L. Shupic [Kiev], Bogomolets national medical university, University Hospital Coventry Warwickshire (UHCW), University Hospital Coventry, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences [New Delhi], Dayanand Medical College and Hospital [Ludhiana], IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù [Roma], Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Lithuanian University of health Sciences [Kaunas], Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg = Otto-von-Guericke University [Magdeburg] (OVGU), Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum [Leiden], University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Finch Therapeutics Group, ESCMID Study Group for Host and Microbiota Interaction [Basel] (ESGHAMI), Imperial College London, University of Cologne, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), University of Helsinki, Tsaritsa Yoanna University Hospital [Sofia], Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS [Rome], Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli [Rome], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Otto-von-Guericke University [Magdeburg] (OVGU), Innsbruck Medical University [Austria] (IMU), Infectious diseases, AII - Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Global Health, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, HUS Abdominal Center, Department of Medicine, Clinicum, Gastroenterologian yksikkö, Reetta Maria Satokari / Principal Investigator, HUMI - Human Microbiome Research, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, and HUS Internal Medicine and Rehabilitation
Subjects: Quality Assurance, Health Care, Small Bowel, Fecal microbiota transplantation, Feces, 0302 clinical medicine, fluids and secretions, Recurrence, Procedure, Multidisciplinary approach, stool bank, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, faecal microbiota transplantation, Biological Specimen Banks, Informed Consent, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Microbiota, Clostridium infections, microbiology, therapy, Clostridium difficile, isolation&purification, Donor selection, Consensus, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Age Factors, Gastroenterology, 3. Good health, Oncology, Original Article, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, medicine.medical_specialty, Settore MED/12 - GASTROENTEROLOGIA, legislation, Faecal microbiota transplantation, Donor Selection, Specimen Handling, Contraindications, Procedure, Immunocompromised Host, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Humans, business.industry, Clostridioides difficile, Contraindications, Settore MED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNA, Fecal bacteriotherapy, Health Care, Transplantation, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Clostridium Infections, 616.9-022.363. [udc], Quality Assurance, business, Clostridioides, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Fecal microbiota transplantation is an emerging therapeutic option, particularly for the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Stool banks that organise recruitment and screening of feces donors are being embedded within the regulatory frameworks described in the European Union Tissue and Cells Directive and the technical guide to the quality and safety of tissue and cells for human application, published by the European Council.OBJECTIVE: Several European and international consensus statements concerning fecal microbiota transplantation have been issued. While these documents provide overall guidance, we aim to provide a detailed description of all processes that relate to the collection, handling and clinical application of human donor stool in this document.METHODS: Collaborative subgroups of experts on stool banking drafted concepts for all domains pertaining to stool banking. During a working group meeting in the United European Gastroenterology Week 2019 in Barcelona, these concepts were discussed and finalised to be included in our overall guidance document about fecal microbiota transplantation.RESULTS: A guidance document for all domains pertaining to stool banking was created. This document includes standard operating manuals for several processes involved with stool banking, such as handling of donor material, storage and donor screening.CONCLUSION: The implementation of fecal microbiota transplantation by stool banks in concordance with our guidance document will enable quality assurance and guarantee the availability of donor feces preparations for patients.
Published: 2020

28. The world's ten most feared fungi

Author: Bart Theelen, Daniel C. Eastwood, Thomas L. Dawson, Marc Stadler, Laetitia Pinson-Gadais, Benjarong Thongbai, Clement K. M. Tsui, Walter Buzina, Sybren de Hoog, E. B. Gareth Jones, Birgitte Andersen, Teun Boekhout, Florence Richard-Forget, Abdullah M. S. Al-Hatmi, Joyce E. Longcore, Achala R. Rathnayaka, Eric H. C. McKenzie, Kevin D. Hyde, Jacques F. Meis, Yingqian Kang, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute - Yeast Research, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute - Medical Mycology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University [Thaïlande] (MFU), Ministry of Health, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Insitute [Utrecht] (WI), Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark [Lyngby] (DTU), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Medical University Graz, Institute of Medical Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Partenaires INRAE, Swansea University, Independent Artist, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, Guizhou University, University of Maine, Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research [Lincoln], Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Unité de recherche Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments (MycSA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Weill Cornell Medicine [Qatar], and Evolutionary and Population Biology (IBED, FNWI)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Batrachochytrium, Indoor air, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Human pathogen, Wood decay, Biology, Indoor fungi, 03 medical and health sciences, Human health, Frog decline, Mycology, Plant production, Aflatoxicosis, Poisonous fungi, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 2. Zero hunger, Mushroom, Ecology, Agroforestry, fungi, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, Candida auris, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, 13. Climate action, Forest pathogens, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Human pathogens, Dry rot, Serpula lacrymans
Abstract: An account is provided of the world’s ten most feared fungi. Within areas of interest, we have organized the entries in the order of concern. We put four human pathogens first as this is of concern to most people. This is followed by fungi producing mycotoxins that are highly harmful for humans; Aspergillus flavus, the main producer of aflatoxins, was used as an example. Problems due to indoor air fungi may also directly affect our health and we use Stachybotrys chartarum as an example. Not everyone collects and eats edible mushrooms. However, fatalities caused by mushroom intoxications often make news headlines and therefore we include one of the most poisonous of all mushrooms, Amanita phalloides, as an example. We then move on to the fungi that damage our dwellings causing serious anxiety by rotting our timber structures and flooring. Serpula lacrymans, which causes dry rot is an excellent example. The next example serves to represent all plant and forest pathogens. Here we chose Austropuccinia psidii as it is causing devastating effects in Australia and will probably do likewise in New Zealand. Finally, we chose an important amphibian pathogen which is causing serious declines in the numbers of frogs and other amphibians worldwide. Although we target the top ten most feared fungi, numerous others are causing serious concern to human health, plant production, forestry, other animals and our factories and dwellings. By highlighting ten feared fungi as an example, we aim to promote public awareness of the cost and importance of fungi.
Published: 2018

29. GloPID-R report on chikungunya, o'nyong-nyong and Mayaro virus, part 5: Entomological aspects

Author: Thomas Jaenisch, Anubis Vega-Rúa, Patrícia Brasil, M. G. Rosa-Freitas, Michael A. Drebot, P. Gallian, Sébastien Boyer, Maria Rios, Amadou A. Sall, Laura Pezzi, Anna-Bella Failloux, Angelle Desiree LaBeaud, Lisa F. P. Ng, Michael S. Diamond, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Guilherme S. Ribeiro, Scott C. Weaver, Mariama Dalanda Diallo, Nikos Vasilakis, A. J. Rodriguez-Morales, Alain Kohl, François Simon, Michael P. Busch, André Siqueira, Chantal Reusken, Jan Felix Drexler, Johan Neyts, Graham Simmons, X. de Lamballerie, Marc Lecuit, Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), EA Bioscope Corse Méditerranée : Dynamique des infections virales en milieu insulaire, Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR), Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), MRC - University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs - Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC), Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Public Health Agency of Canada, Etablissement Français du Sang - Alpes-Méditerranée (EFS - Alpes-Méditerranée), Etablissement Français du Sang, Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, Biologie des Infections - Biology of Infection, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Service des Maladies infectieuses et tropicales [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Rega Institute for Medical Research [Leuven, België], National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz / Gonçalo Moniz Research Centre - Fiocruz Bahia [Salvador, Brésil] (IGM), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira [Colombie] (UTP), Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran, Service de Santé des Armées, BUISINE, Soline, Virology, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Institut Pasteur [Paris], University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Primates, Research Report, GloPID-R chikungunya, o'nyong-nyong and Mayaro virus Working Group, Aedes albopictus, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Aedes aegypti, Mosquito Vectors, medicine.disease_cause, 03 medical and health sciences, Aedes, Virology, Anopheles, medicine, Animals, Humans, O'nyong-nyong Virus, Chikungunya, Haemagogus, [SDV.MP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Pharmacology, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, biology, Alphavirus Infections, Yellow fever, Outbreak, virus diseases, Central America, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Africa, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Enzootic, Chikungunya Fever, Chikungunya virus
Abstract: The GloPID-R (Global Research Collaboration for Infectious Disease Preparedness) chikungunya (CHIKV), o'nyong-nyong (ONNV) and Mayaro virus (MAYV) Working Group has been established to investigate natural history, epidemiology and clinical aspects of infection by these viruses. Here, we present a report dedicated to entomological aspects of CHIKV, ONNV and MAYV. Recent global expansion of chikungunya virus has been possible because CHIKV established a transmission cycle in urban settings using anthropophilic vectors such as Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti. MAYV and ONNV have a more limited geographic distribution, being confined to Africa (ONNV) and central-southern America (MAYV). ONNV is probably maintained through an enzootic cycle that has not been characterized yet, with Anopheles species as main vectors and humans as amplification hosts during epidemics. MAYV is transmitted by Haemagogus species in an enzootic cycle using non-human primates as the main amplification and maintenance hosts, and humans becoming sporadically infected when venturing in or nearby forest habitats. Here, we focused on the transmission cycle and natural vectors that sustain circulation of these viruses in their respective locations. The knowledge of the natural ecology of transmission and the capacity of different vectors to transmit these viruses is crucial to understand CHIKV emergence, and to assess the risk that MAYV and ONNV will expand on wide scale using anthropophilic mosquito species not normally considered primary vectors. Finally, the experts identified knowledge gaps and provided adapted recommendations, in order to address future entomological investigations in the right direction. ispartof: ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH vol:174 ispartof: location:Netherlands status: published
Published: 2019

30. Characterization of Endogenous SERINC5 Protein as Anti-HIV-1 Factor

Author: Jens Bohne, Daniel Todt, Steppich K, Sergej Franz, Angelina Malassa, Thomas Zillinger, Eike Steinmann, Xu S, Nicoletta Casartelli, Passos, Christine Goffinet, Winfried Barchet, Wachs As, Oliver Schwartz, Schilling H, Kathrin Sutter, Ulf Dittmer, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research [Hanover] (TWINCORE), Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology [Bonn, Allemagne], University of Bonn, Virus et Immunité - Virus and immunity, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), Ruhr University Bochum (RUB), University of Duisburg-Essen, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Vânia Passos and Sergej Franz are supported by the Infection Biology International Ph.D. Program of the Hannover Biomedical Research School. Vânia Passos is supported by the GABBA Ph.D. Program and the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT). Thomas Zillinger and Winfried Barchet acknowledge Bonfor and DZIF funding and German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [DFG]) grants EXC1023: ImmunoSensation and CRCs 670 and 704. This work is supported by DFG funding to Christine Goffinet (Collaborative Research Centre SFB900, Microbial Persistence and its Control, project C8 and Priority Program 1923, Innate Sensing and Restriction of Retroviruses, GO2153/4 grant) and funding from the HZI and the Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) to Christine Goffinet., Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Universität Bonn = University of Bonn, Virus et Immunité - Virus and immunity (CNRS-UMR3569), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen], and TWINCORE, Zentrum für experimentelle und klinische Infektionsforschung GmbH,Feodor-Lynen Str. 7, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Subjects: MESH: Gene Editing, MESH: CRISPR-Cas Systems, T-Lymphocytes, Mutant, Medizin, HIV Infections, Endogeny, Jurkat cells, Epitope, MESH: HIV-1, MESH: Genotype, Gene Knockout Techniques, SERINC5, MESH: nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, MESH: Anti-HIV Agents, Internalization, media_common, MESH: Gene Knockout Techniques, Gene Editing, 0303 health sciences, human immunodeficiency virus, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, virus diseases, MESH: HIV Infections, MESH: Gene Expression Regulation, Virus-Cell Interactions, 3. Good health, Cell biology, interferons, MESH: HEK293 Cells, Host-Pathogen Interactions, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, MESH: Virion, MESH: Membrane Proteins, MESH: Interferon-alpha, Genotype, Anti-HIV Agents, media_common.quotation_subject, Immunology, Alpha interferon, Heterologous, Biology, Microbiology, Cell Line, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, Nitriles, Humans, nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, antiviral factor, CRISPR/Cas9, 030304 developmental biology, Nef, MESH: Humans, Cell Membrane, MESH: Host-Pathogen Interactions, Virion, Interferon-alpha, Membrane Proteins, Subcellular localization, MESH: Cell Line, HEK293 Cells, Pyrimidines, MESH: T-Lymphocytes, Gene Expression Regulation, Insect Science, HIV-1, Pyrazoles, CRISPR-Cas Systems, MESH: Pyrazoles, MESH: Cell Membrane
Abstract: SERINC5 is the long-searched-for antiviral factor that is counteracted by the HIV-1 accessory gene product Nef. Here, we engineered, via CRISPR/Cas9 technology, T-cell lines that express endogenous SERINC5 alleles tagged with a knocked-in HA epitope. This genetic modification enabled us to study basic properties of endogenous SERINC5 and to verify proposed mechanisms of HIV-1 Nef-mediated counteraction of SERINC5. Using this unique resource, we identified the susceptibility of endogenous SERINC5 protein to posttranslational modulation by type I IFNs and suggest uncoupling of Nef-mediated functional antagonism from SERINC5 exclusion from virions., When expressed in virus-producing cells, the cellular multipass transmembrane protein SERINC5 reduces the infectivity of HIV-1 particles and is counteracted by HIV-1 Nef. Due to the unavailability of an antibody of sufficient specificity and sensitivity, investigation of SERINC5 protein expression and subcellular localization has been limited to heterologously expressed SERINC5. We generated, via CRISPR/Cas9-assisted gene editing, Jurkat T-cell clones expressing endogenous SERINC5 bearing an extracellularly exposed hemagglutinin (HA) epitope [Jurkat SERINC5(iHA knock-in) T cells]. This modification enabled quantification of endogenous SERINC5 protein levels and demonstrated a predominant localization in lipid rafts. Interferon alpha (IFN-α) treatment enhanced cell surface levels of SERINC5 in a ruxolitinib-sensitive manner in the absence of modulation of mRNA and protein quantities. Parental and SERINC5(iHA knock-in) T cells shared the ability to produce infectious wild-type HIV-1 but not an HIV-1 Δnef mutant. SERINC5-imposed reduction of infectivity involved a modest reduction of virus fusogenicity. An association of endogenous SERINC5 protein with HIV-1 Δnef virions was consistently detectable as a 35-kDa species, as opposed to heterologous SERINC5, which presented as a 51-kDa species. Nef-mediated functional counteraction did not correlate with virion exclusion of SERINC5, arguing for the existence of additional counteractive mechanisms of Nef that act on virus-associated SERINC5. In HIV-1-infected cells, Nef triggered the internalization of SERINC5 in the absence of detectable changes of steady-state protein levels. These findings establish new properties of endogenous SERINC5 expression and subcellular localization, challenge existing concepts of HIV-1 Nef-mediated antagonism of SERINC5, and uncover an unprecedented role of IFN-α in modulating SERINC5 through accumulation at the cell surface. IMPORTANCE SERINC5 is the long-searched-for antiviral factor that is counteracted by the HIV-1 accessory gene product Nef. Here, we engineered, via CRISPR/Cas9 technology, T-cell lines that express endogenous SERINC5 alleles tagged with a knocked-in HA epitope. This genetic modification enabled us to study basic properties of endogenous SERINC5 and to verify proposed mechanisms of HIV-1 Nef-mediated counteraction of SERINC5. Using this unique resource, we identified the susceptibility of endogenous SERINC5 protein to posttranslational modulation by type I IFNs and suggest uncoupling of Nef-mediated functional antagonism from SERINC5 exclusion from virions.
Published: 2019

31. Detection of rat hepatitis E virus in wild Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) and Black rats (Rattus rattus) from 11 European countries

Author: Johannes Lang, Daniel Bajomi, Gerald Heckel, Sebastian Guenther, Chrysostomos I. Dovas, J. Freise, Elisa Heuser, Martin H. Groschup, Rainer G. Ulrich, Samuel Bernstein, Michel Pépin, Sandro Wolf, Stefania Zanet, Kristof Baert, Gabi Müller, Francisco Ruiz-Fons, Hermann Ansorge, Jiri Pikula, Paul Dremsek, Nataša Knap, Ann-Charlotte Heiberg, René Ryll, Maxi Zumpe, Christian Imholt, Ιoannis Tsakmakidis, Mathias Schlegel, Reimar Johne, Carina Spahr, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine 'Carl Gustav Carus', Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Virpath-Grippe, de l'émergence au contrôle -- Virpath-Influenza, from emergence to control (Virpath), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Bábolna Bio Ltd., Stadt Zürich, Umwelt- und Gesundheitsschutz Zürich, AC Heiberg Rådgivning, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment [Berlin] (BfR), Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie - Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen (JLU), Senckenberg Museum of Natural History Görlitz, Senckenberg Museum [Frankfurt], Task-Force Veterinärwesen, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, INBO, Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), Institut de recherche sur l'environnement (IREC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences [Brno] (VFU), CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology [Brno, Czech Republic], Zaloška 4, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Julius Kühn-Institute, Institute of Ecology & Evolution (IEE), University of Bern, Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen = Justus Liebig University (JLU), Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), and German Center for Infection Research
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, 030106 microbiology, Wild, Zoology, Animals, Wild, Black rat, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Population density, 03 medical and health sciences, Species Specificity, Hepatitis E virus, Environmental protection, Phylogenetics, Genotype, medicine, Animals, Humans, Phylogeny, Population Density, General Veterinary, biology, Phylogenetic tree, General Medicine, Genotype 3, biology.organism_classification, Hepatitis E, medicine.disease, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Hepeviridae, Rats, 3. Good health, Europe, 030104 developmental biology, Norway rat, Animal Distribution, Female, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology
Abstract: Rat hepatitis E virus (HEV) is genetically only distantly related to hepeviruses found in other mammalian reservoirs and in humans. It was initially detected in Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Germany, and subsequently in rats from Vietnam, the USA, Indonesia, China, Denmark and France. Here, we report on a molecular survey of Norway rats and Black rats (Rattus rattus) from 12 European countries for ratHEV and human pathogenic hepeviruses. RatHEV-specific real-time and conventional RT-PCR investigations revealed the presence of ratHEV in 63 of 508 (12.4%) rats at the majority of sites in 11 of 12 countries. In contrast, a real-time RT-PCR specific for human pathogenic HEV genotypes 1–4 and a nested broad-spectrum (NBS) RT-PCR with subsequent sequence determination did not detect any infections with these genotypes. Only in a single Norway rat from Belgium a rabbit HEV-like genotype 3 sequence was detected. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a clustering of all other novel Norway and Black rat-derived sequences with ratHEV sequences from Europe, the USA and a Black rat-derived sequence from Indonesia within the proposed ratHEV genotype 1. No difference in infection status was detected related to age, sex, rat species or density of human settlements and zoological gardens. In conclusion, our investigation shows a broad geographical distribution of ratHEV in Norway and Black rats from Europe and its presence in all settlement types investigated., The investigations in the laboratory of Rainer G. Ulrich were supported by the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF).
Published: 2017

32. Vulnerability to reservoir reseeding due to high immune activation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in individuals with HIV-1

Author: Elena Knops, Gero Hütter, Jan van Lunzen, Asier Sáez-Cirión, Valérie Monceaux, Carolina Martínez-Laperche, José Luis Díez-Martín, Pascual Balsalobre, Johanna M. Eberhard, Maria Cristina O. Salgado, Annemarie M. J. Wensing, Kavita Raj, Alessandra Bandera, Nicolaus Kröger, Jürgen Kuball, Guido Kobbe, Javier Martinez-Picado, Mathieu Angin, Jon Badiola, Maximilian Christopeit, Björn Jensen, Linos Vandekerckhove, Caroline Passaes, Mi Kwon, Julian Schulze zur Wiesch, Monique Nijhuis, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), German Center for Infection Research - Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), HIV, Inflammation et persistance, Institut Pasteur [Paris], IrsiCaixa (Institut de Recerca de la Sida), Institute of Virology [Cologne], Universitätsklinikum Köln (Uniklinik Köln)-University of Cologne, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, HIV Cure Research Center [Ghent, Belgium], Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT)-Ghent University Hospital, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves (Granada), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca [Milano] (UNIMIB), King's College Hospital (KCH), ViiV Healthcare [Brentford, UK], Cellex Patient Treatment GmbH, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Hospital General Universitario 'Gregorio Marañón' [Madrid], Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Universitat de Vic, This study was funded by the amfAR (The Foundation for AIDS Research) through the amfAR Research Consortium on HIV Eradication (ARCHE) program (grants 108930-56-RGRL, 109293-59-RGRL, and 109552-61-RGRL). J.M.E. and J.S.z.W. were supported by the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) and the European HIV Alliance (EHVA). J.S.z.W. got additional funding from the German Research Agency (DFG SFB1328 A12)., We thank all individuals who participated in this study and the IciStem study group (www.icistem.org) for constant support and discussion of results. We also thank the participants and investigators of the ANRS CODEX cohort and ANRS TRANSbioHIV study, European Project: 681032,H2020,H2020-PHC-2015-single-stage_RTD,EHVA(2016), HIV, Inflammation et persistance - HIV, Inflammation and Persistence, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)-Ghent University Hospital, and Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca (UNIMIB)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_treatment, T cell, Priming (immunology), Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Biology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Antigen, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, medicine, Humans, Transplantation, Homologous, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, virus diseases, [SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, General Medicine, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, HIV Antigens, surgical procedures, operative, Hematologic Neoplasms, Immunology, HIV-1, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Bone marrow, CD8, 030215 immunology
Abstract: International audience; Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the only medical intervention that has led to an HIV cure. Whereas the HIV reservoir sharply decreases after allo-HSCT, the dynamics of the T cell reconstitution has not been comprehensively described. We analyzed the activation and differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and the breadth and quality of HIV- and CMV-specific CD8+ T cell responses in 16 patients with HIV who underwent allo-HSCT (including five individuals who received cells from CCR5Δ32/Δ32 donors) to treat their underlying hematological malignancy and who remained on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We found that reconstitution of the T cell compartment after allo-HSCT was slow and heterogeneous with an initial expansion of activated CD4+ T cells that preceded the expansion of CD8+ T cells. Although HIV-specific CD8+ T cells disappeared immediately after allo-HSCT, weak HIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses were detectable several weeks after transplant and could still be detected at the time of full T cell chimerism, indicating that de novo priming, and hence antigen exposure, occurred during the time of T cell expansion. These HIV-specific T cells had limited functionality compared with CMV-specific CD8+ T cells and persisted years after allo-HSCT. In conclusion, immune reconstitution was slow, heterogeneous, and incomplete and coincided with de novo detection of weak HIV-specific T cell responses. The initial short phase of high T cell activation, in which HIV antigens were present, may constitute a window of vulnerability for the reseeding of viral reservoirs, emphasizing the importance of maintaining ART directly after allo-HSCT.
Published: 2019

33. Whole genome sequencing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: current standards and open issues

Author: Jennifer L. Guthrie, Sebastien Gagneux, Tim H. Heupink, Timothy M Walker, Annelies Van Rie, Philip Ashton, Maha R. Farhat, Daniela Brites, Galo A. Goig, Lennert Verboven, Dick van Soolingen, Christian Utpatel, Elisa Tagliani, Robin M. Warren, Qian Gao, Viola Dreyer, Philip Supply, Thomas Kohl, Fabrizio Menardo, Yanlin Zhao, Anzaan Dippenaar, Leen Rigouts, Andrea M. Cabibbe, Kris Laukens, Qingyun Liu, Marco Schito, Matteo Zignol, Margaretha de Vos, Iñaki Comas, Matthew Ezewudo, Stefan Niemann, Chloé Loiseau, Timothy C. Rodwell, Anita Suresh, Boatema Ofori-Anyinam, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Yang Zhou, Jennifer L. Gardy, Bouke C. de Jong, Conor J. Meehan, Paolo Miotto, Institute of Tropical Medicine [Antwerp] (ITM), Instituto de biomedicina [Valencia] (IBV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Forschungszentrum Borstel - Research Center Borstel, German Center for Infection Research - Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Universiteit Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Stellenbosch University, Critical Path Institute [Tucson, AZ], Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], University of British Columbia (UBC), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute [Milan, Italie], Center for Global Health Security and Diplomacy [Ottawa] (CGHSD), Food and Drugs Authority [Accra, Ghana] (FDA Ghana), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, University of Oxford [Oxford], Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], University of Basel (Unibas), Fudan University [Shanghai], John Radcliffe Hospital [Oxford University Hospital], Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), C.J.M., B.O.-A., L.R. and B.C.d.J. are supported by a European Research Council grant (INTERRUPTB, no. 311725). I.C. and G.A.G. are supported by a European Research Council grant (TB-ACCELERATE, no. 638553). T.C.R. receives salary support from the not-for-profit organization Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (the terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by the University of California, San Diego). T.M.W. is an NIHR Academic Clinical Lecturer. J.L.G. and J.G. receive funding from the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. T.A.K., C.U., V.D. and S.N. receive funding from the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) and are funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy (EXC 22167–390884018). L.V., T.H.H. and A.V.R. are funded by FWO Odysseus G0F8316N. M.R.F. is supported by the US National Institutes of Health BD2K K01 (MRF ES026835). P.S. is supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-16-CE35-0009)., ANR-16-CE35-0009,TBemerg,Naissance d'un tueur: facteurs génétiques et adaptations métaboliques impliquées dans l'émergence des bacilles tuberculeux épidémiques(2016), European Project: 311725,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111109,INTERRUPTB(2013), European Project: 638553,H2020,ERC-2014-STG,TB-ACCELERATE(2015), Universiteit Antwerpen = University of Antwerpen [Antwerpen], Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Oxford
Subjects: Tuberculosis, Best practice, Sequencing data, Harmonization, Biology, Microbiology, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, Public health surveillance, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Drug Resistance, Bacterial, medicine, Humans, Phylogeny, Whole genome sequencing, Computer. Automation, 0303 health sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, General Immunology and Microbiology, Whole Genome Sequencing, 030306 microbiology, Computational Biology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Data science, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Human medicine
Abstract: International audience; Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has rapidly progressed from a research tool to a clinical application for the diagnosis and management of tuberculosis and in public health surveillance. This development has been facilitated by drastic drops in cost, advances in technology and concerted efforts to translate sequencing data into actionable information. There is, however, a risk that, in the absence of a consensus and international standards, the widespread use of WGS technology may result in data and processes that lack harmonization, comparability and validation. In this Review, we outline the current landscape of WGS pipelines and applications, and set out best practices for M. tuberculosis WGS, including standards for bioinformatics pipelines, curated repositories of resistance-causing variants, phylogenetic analyses, quality control and standardized reporting.
Published: 2019

34. GloPID-R report on Chikungunya, O'nyong-nyong and Mayaro virus, part I: Biological diagnostics

Author: A. J. Rodriguez-Morales, M. G. Rosa-Freitas, Guilherme S. Ribeiro, Nikos Vasilakis, Lisa F. P. Ng, Mariama Dalanda Diallo, Scott C. Weaver, Patrícia Brasil, Jan Felix Drexler, Johan Neyts, Anna-Bella Failloux, François Simon, Alain Kohl, A. Vega Rua, Maria Rios, Michael P. Busch, Michael S. Diamond, André Siqueira, Michael A. Drebot, P. Gallian, Sébastien Boyer, Ricardo Lourenço-de-Oliveira, Chantal Reusken, Angelle Desiree LaBeaud, Thomas Jaenisch, Marc Lecuit, Laura Pezzi, X. de Lamballerie, Graham Simmons, Amadou A. Sall, Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Virologie [UNIV Corse-Inserm] (EA7310), Université Pascal Paoli (UPP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment [Bilthoven] (RIVM), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), The University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Humboldt University Of Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC), Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), Public Health Agency of Canada, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), University of Glasgow, Biologie des Infections - Biology of Infection, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR), Etablissement Français du Sang - Alpes-Méditerranée (EFS - Alpes-Méditerranée), Etablissement Français du Sang, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs - Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Rega Institute for Medical Research [Leuven, België], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira [Colombie] (UTP), Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Laveran, Service de Santé des Armées, Institut Pasteur de la Guadeloupe, Publication fees were covered by the Global Research Collaboration for Infectious Disease Preparedness (GloPID-R)., Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pascal Paoli (UPP), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin / Charite - University Medicine Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Stanford University School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford University [Stanford], Washington University in St Louis, Federal University of Bahia, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Arbovirus et Insectes Vecteurs, and Rega Institute for Medical Research
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Genes, Viral, 030106 microbiology, Disease, Alphavirus, Mosquito Vectors, Cross Reactions, medicine.disease_cause, Antibodies, Viral, Communicable Diseases, Emerging, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Seroepidemiologic Studies, Virology, O'nyong-nyong, Epidemiology, medicine, Animals, Humans, O'nyong-nyong Virus, Chikungunya, Pathology, Molecular, Diagnostics, Phylogeny, Pharmacology, biology, business.industry, Alphavirus Infections, Outbreak, biology.organism_classification, Mayaro virus, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Cryoglobulinemia, Infectious disease (medical specialty), Preparedness, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Chikungunya Fever, business, Chikungunya virus
Abstract: The GloPID-R (Global Research Collaboration for Infectious Disease Preparedness) Chikungunya (CHIKV), O'nyong-nyong (ONNV) and Mayaro virus (MAYV) Working Group is investigating the natural history, epidemiology and medical management of infection by these viruses, to identify knowledge gaps and to propose recommendations for direct future investigations and rectification measures. Here, we present the first report dedicated to diagnostic aspects of CHIKV, ONNV and MAYV. Regarding diagnosis of the disease at the acute phase, molecular assays previously described for the three viruses require further evaluation, standardized protocols and the availability of international standards representing the genetic diversity of the viruses. Detection of specific IgM would benefit from further investigations to clarify the extent of cross-reactivity among the three viruses, the sensitivity of the assays, and the possible interfering role of cryoglobulinaemia. Implementation of reference panels and external quality assessments for both molecular and serological assays is necessary. Regarding sero-epidemiological studies, there is no reported high-throughput assay that can distinguish among these different viruses in areas of potential co-circulation. New specific tools and/or improved standardized protocols are needed to enable large-scale epidemiological studies of public health relevance to be performed. Considering the high risk of future CHIKV, MAYV and ONNV outbreaks, the Working Group recommends that a major investigation should be initiated to fill the existing diagnostic gaps. ispartof: ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH vol:166 pages:66-81 ispartof: location:Netherlands status: published
Published: 2019

35. Chronic Hepatitis E in Rheumatology and Internal Medicine Patients: A Retrospective Multicenter European Cohort Study

Author: Pischke, Sven, Peron, Jean-Marie, von Wulffen, Moritz, von Felden, Johann, Höner zu Siederdissen, Christoph, Fournier, Sophie, Lütgehetmann, Marc, Iking-Konert, Christoph, Bettinger, Dominik, Par, Gabriella, Thimme, Robert, Cantagrel, Alain, Lohse, Ansgar, Wedemeyer, Heiner, de Man, Robert, Mallet, Vincent, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Hannover Medical School [Hannover] (MHH), Universitäts Klinikum Freiburg = University Medical Center Freiburg (Uniklinik), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], University of Pecs, Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Physiopathologie du système immunitaire (Inserm U1223), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and CARBILLET, Véronique
Subjects: MESH: Methotrexate / adverse effects, MESH: Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use, MESH: Hepatitis, Chronic / drug therapy, MESH: Humans, MESH: Internal Medicine, ribavirin, virus diseases, MESH: Ribavirin / therapeutic use, MESH: Retrospective Studies, MESH: Arthritis / complications, MESH: Recurrence, MESH: Hepatitis E / drug therapy, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: RNA, Viral, MESH: Rheumatology, MESH: Immunocompromised Host, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, hepatitis E, MESH: Europe, chronic hepatitis E
Abstract: International audience; Objectives: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a pandemic with regional outbreaks, including in industrialized countries. HEV infection is usually self-limiting but can progress to chronic hepatitis E in transplant recipients and HIV-infected patients. Whether other immunocompromised hosts, including rheumatology and internal medicine patients, are at risk of developing chronic HEV infection is unclear. Methods: We conducted a retrospective European multicenter cohort study involving 21 rheumatology and internal medicine patients with HEV infection between April 2014 and April 2016. The underlying diseases included rheumatoid arthritis (n = 5), psoriatic arthritis (n = 4), other variants of chronic arthritis (n = 4), primary immunodeficiency (n = 3), systemic granulomatosis (n = 2), lupus erythematosus (n = 1), Erdheim–Chester disease (n = 1), and retroperitoneal fibrosis (n = 1). Results: HEV infection lasting longer than 3 months was observed in seven (33%) patients, including two (40%) patients with rheumatoid arthritis, three (100%) patients with primary immunodeficiency, one (100%) patient with retroperitoneal fibrosis and one (100%) patient with systemic granulomatosis. Patients with HEV infection lasting longer than 3 months were treated with methotrexate without corticosteroids (n = 2), mycophenolate mofetil/prednisone (n = 1), and sirolimus/prednisone (n = 1). Overall, 8/21 (38%) and 11/21 (52%) patients cleared HEV with and without ribavirin treatment, respectively. One patient experienced an HEV relapse after initially successful ribavirin therapy. One patient (5%) was lost to follow-up, and no patients died from hepatic complications. Conclusion: Rheumatology and internal medicine patients, including patients treated with methotrexate without corticosteroids, are at risk of developing chronic HEV infection. Rheumatology and internal medicine patients with abnormal liver tests should be screened for HEV infection.
Published: 2019

36. The amazing potential of fungi: 50 ways we can exploit fungi industrially

Author: Nimali I. de Silva, Rajesh Jeewon, Jake Winiski, Pattana Kakumyan, Marc Stadler, Jaturong Kumla, Jiye Yan, Ruvishika S. Jayawardena, Chayanard Phukhamsakda, Kanaporn Sujarit, Siraprapa Brooks, Achala R. Rathnayaka, Meghan O’Brien, Naritsada Thongklang, Eleni Gentekaki, Pranami D. Abeywickrama, Peter E. Mortimer, Dulanjalee Harishchandra, Peter Mueller, Nakarin Suwannarach, Thatsanee Luangharn, Kevin D. Hyde, Sylvie Rapior, Benjarong Thongbai, Thitipone Suwunwong, Karaba N. Nataraja, Jianchu Xu, Rashika S. Brahamanage, Craig B. Faulds, Hridya Hemachandran, Sehroon Khan, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Trichur S. Suryanarayanan, Sinang Hongsanan, Boontiya Chuankid, Birthe Sandargo, Ning-Guo Liu, Sadia Nadir, Janith V. S. Aluthmuhandiram, Mingkwan Doilom, Diana S. Marasinghe, Watsana Penkhrue, K. W. Thilini Chethana, Anuruddha Karunarathna, Venkat Gopalan, Allen Grace Niego, Resurreccion B. Sadaba, Clara Chepkirui, Putarak Chomnunti, Erandi Yasanthika, Uma Shaanker Ramanan, Danushka S. Tennakoon, Saisamorn Lumyong, Binu C. Samarakoon, Amornrat Chaiyasen, Sureeporn Nontachaiyapoom, Wasan Sriprom, Jian-Kui Liu, S. Nuwanthika Wijesinghe, Ramamoorthy Siva, Allan Patrick G. Macabeo, Dan Meeks, De-Ping Wei, Mae Fah Luang University [Thaïlande] (MFU), Kunming Institute of Botany [CAS] (KIB), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques (BBF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM), Faculty of Computer Science, Dalhousie University [Halifax], Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research and School of Science, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), XDB31000000, DBG6180015, 621C1535, DBG6180033, 2018PC0006, 256108A3070006, 41761144055 41771063 Y4ZK111B01, PHD57I0015, DBT-NER/Agri/24/2013, NAHEP/CAAST/2018-19, HZI,Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7,38124 Braunschweig, Germany., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Kunming Institute of Botany, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3), École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)
Subjects: Fungal biodiversity, Resource (biology), Biocontrôle, Exploit, Mushrooms, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], champignon, Biotechnologies, Biology, biodiversité, 03 medical and health sciences, application industrielle, Mycology, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Economic potential, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, Biocontrol, Biodiversity, Biotechnology, Food, Fungi, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, 030306 microbiology, Agroforestry, fungi, biotechnologie alimentaire, Flow chart, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract: Fungi are an understudied, biotechnologically valuable group of organisms. Due to the immense range of habitats that fungi inhabit, and the consequent need to compete against a diverse array of other fungi, bacteria, and animals, fungi have developed numerous survival mechanisms. The unique attributes of fungi thus herald great promise for their application in biotechnology and industry. Moreover, fungi can be grown with relative ease, making production at scale viable. The search for fungal biodiversity, and the construction of a living fungi collection, both have incredible economic potential in locating organisms with novel industrial uses that will lead to novel products. This manuscript reviews fifty ways in which fungi can potentially be utilized as biotechnology. We provide notes and examples for each potential exploitation and give examples from our own work and the work of other notable researchers. We also provide a flow chart that can be used to convince funding bodies of the importance of fungi for biotechnological research and as potential products. Fungi have provided the world with penicillin, lovastatin, and other globally significant medicines, and they remain an untapped resource with enormous industrial potential. © 2019, The Author(s).
Published: 2019

37. Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of mucormycosis: an initiative of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology in cooperation with the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium

Author: Oliver A. Cornely, Joseph Meletiadis, Joerg J. Vehreschild, Abdullah M. S. Al-Hatmi, Martin Hoenigl, Ban Hock Tan, Malcolm Richardson, Alexandro Bonifaz, Zdenek Racil, Monica A. Slavin, Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen, Janos Sinko, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Dora E. Corzo-Leon, Souha S. Kanj, Alessandro C. Pasqualotto, Rita O. Oladele, Arnaldo Lopes Colombo, William J. Steinbach, Ronen Ben-Ami, Livio Pagano, Ashraf S. Ibrahim, Georg Maschmeyer, Jacques F. Meis, Zoi D. Pana, Neeraj Sidharthan, Methee Chayakulkeeree, Atul Patel, Nina Singh, Seyedmojtaba Seyedmousavi, Sharon C.-A. Chen, Brad Spellberg, Dong-Gun Lee, Maria J G T Vehreschild, Frédéric Lamoth, Andreas H. Groll, Sevtap Arikan-Akdagli, Marcio Nucci, Andrew J. Ullmann, Katrien Lagrou, Rajeev Soman, Danila Seidel, Thomas J. Walsh, Roger Wahba, Nikolay Klimko, Fanny Lanternier, Badre E. Lmimouni, Sibylle C. Mellinghoff, P. Lewis White, Stéphane Bretagne, Murat Akova, Emmanuel Roilides, Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo, Alexandre Alanio, Cornelia Lass-Floerl, Markus Ruhnke, Anna Skiada, Mihai Mares, Eric Dannaoui, Mervyn Mer, Hamid Badali, Bruno Hochhegger, Thomas Lehrnbecher, Dorothee Arenz, C. Orla Morrissey, Elio Castagnola, Jesús Guinea, Lubos Drgona, Russell E. Lewis, Nathan P. Wiederhold, Michaela Lackner, Claus Peter Heussel, Theoklis E. Zaoutis, Donald C. Sheppard, University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), The University of Sydney, Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHU HEGP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC), Medical University Graz, University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], University of the Witwatersrand [Johannesburg] (WITS), Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases - CECAD [Cologne, Germany] (Institute for Genetics), University of Cologne, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Mycologie moléculaire - Molecular Mycology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie [CHU Saint Louis, Paris], Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre National de Référence Mycoses Invasives et Antifongiques - National Reference Center Invasive Mycoses & Antifungals (CNRMA), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Ankara University School of Medicine [Turkey], Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine [Paris], Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Medical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, Cornely O.A., Alastruey-Izquierdo A., Arenz D., Chen S.C.A., Dannaoui E., Hochhegger B., Hoenigl M., Jensen H.E., Lagrou K., Lewis R.E., Mellinghoff S.C., Mer M., Pana Z.D., Seidel D., Sheppard D.C., Wahba R., Akova M., Alanio A., Al-Hatmi A.M.S., Arikan-Akdagli S., Badali H., Ben-Ami R., Bonifaz A., Bretagne S., Castagnola E., Chayakulkeeree M., Colombo A.L., Corzo-Leon D.E., Drgona L., Groll A.H., Guinea J., Heussel C.-P., Ibrahim A.S., Kanj S.S., Klimko N., Lackner M., Lamoth F., Lanternier F., Lass-Floerl C., Lee D.-G., Lehrnbecher T., Lmimouni B.E., Mares M., Maschmeyer G., Meis J.F., Meletiadis J., Morrissey C.O., Nucci M., Oladele R., Pagano L., Pasqualotto A., Patel A., Racil Z., Richardson M., Roilides E., Ruhnke M., Seyedmousavi S., Sidharthan N., Singh N., Sinko J., Skiada A., Slavin M., Soman R., Spellberg B., Steinbach W., Tan B.H., Ullmann A.J., Vehreschild J.J., Vehreschild M.J.G.T., Walsh T.J., White P.L., Wiederhold N.P., Zaoutis T., and Chakrabarti A.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Posaconazole, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, MEDLINE, Disease, mucormycosis, guideline, diagnosis, treatment, mucormycosis, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Amphotericin B deoxycholate, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Disease management (health), Intensive care medicine, business.industry, Mucormycosis, Disease Management, Guideline, medicine.disease, Settore MED/15 - MALATTIE DEL SANGUE, Infectious Diseases, business, medicine.drug, Rare disease
Abstract: BackgroundMucormycosis is a difficult to diagnose rare disease with high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis is often delayed, and disease tends to progress rapidly. Urgent surgical and medical intervention is lifesaving. Guidance on the complex multidisciplinary management has potential to improve prognosis, but approaches differ between health care settings.MethodsFrom January 2018, authors from 33 countries in all United Nations regions analysed the published evidence on mucormycosis management and provided consensus recommendations addressing differences between the regions of the world as part of the “One World One Guideline” initiative of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM). The author group based in 17 time zones, relied on electronic media including video tutorial on methodology, and central document repository with several daily updates.FindingsSigns and symptoms of mucormycosis depend on organ patterns and underlying conditions. Diagnostic management does not differ greatly between world regions. Upon suspicion of mucormycosis appropriate imaging is strongly recommended to document extent of disease and is followed by strongly recommended surgical intervention. First-line treatment with high-dose liposomal amphotericin B is strongly recommended, while intravenous isavuconazole and intravenous or delayed release tablet posaconazole are recommended with moderate strength. Both triazoles are strongly recommended salvage treatments. Amphotericin B deoxycholate is recommended against, because of substantial toxicity, but may be the only option in resource limited settings.InterpretationManagement of mucormycosis depends on recognising disease patterns and on early diagnosis. Limited availability of contemporary treatments burdens patients in low and middle income settings. Areas of uncertainty were identified and future research directions specified.
Published: 2019

38. Revised interpretation of the Hain Lifescience GenoType MTBC to differentiate $Mycobacterium\ canettii$ and members of the $Mycobacterium\ tuberculosis$ Complex

Author: Stefan Niemann, Sebastien Gagneux, Chloé Loiseau, Claudio U. Köser, Silke Feuerriegel, Christine Pourcel, Suelee Robbe-Austerman, Irmgard Moser, Vincent E. Escuyer, Thomas Kohl, Kimberlee A. Musser, Daniela Brites, Sharon J. Peacock, Francesc Coll, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute [Basel], University of Basel (Unibas), Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health [Albany], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), German Center for Infection Research - Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), and Department of Genetics [Cambridge]
Subjects: Tuberculosis, pyrazinamide, intrinsic antibiotic resistance, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 03 medical and health sciences, Genotype, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Genotyping, 030304 developmental biology, Pharmacology, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Mycobacterium bovis, biology, 030306 microbiology, orygis, assay, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, genotyping, polymorphisms, Mycobacterium africanum, Mycobacterium
Abstract: Using 894 phylogenetically diverse genomes of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), we simulated in silico the ability of the Hain Lifescience GenoType MTBC assay to differentiate the causative agents of tuberculosis. Here, we propose a revised interpretation of this assay to reflect its strengths (e.g., it can distinguish some strains of Mycobacterium canettii and variants of Mycobacterium bovis that are not intrinsically resistant to pyrazinamide) and limitations (e.g., Mycobacterium orygis cannot be differentiated from Mycobacterium africanum ).
Published: 2019

39. HIV therapeutic vaccine enhances non-exhausted CD4+ T cells in a randomised phase 2 trial

Author: Jacques Reynes, Alain Devidas, Béhazine Combadière, Yazdan Yazdanpanah, Patrice Debré, Laurence Weiss, Yasmine Dudoit, Laurent Cotte, Gilles Pialoux, Delphine Joyeux, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Roland Tubiana, Jürgen K. Rockstroh, Odile Launay, Shahin Gharakhanian, Christine Katlama, Vincent Vieillard, Pierre-Marie Girard, Felipe García, José M. Gatell, Brigitte Autran, Anne Simon, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Université de Montpellier (UM), Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques et émergentes (TransVIHMI), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Universitätsklinikum Bonn (UKB), Centre Hospitalier Sud Francilien, CIC - CHU Bichat, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], CIC Cochin Pasteur (CIC 1417), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Cochin [AP-HP]-Hôtel-Dieu-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Groupe hospitalier Broca-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Tenon [APHP], Equipe 16, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon (CRCL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Universitaire, Montpellier, France, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), AIDS Research Group [Barcelona, Spain], August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBAPS [Barcelona, Spain]-Hospital Clinic [Barcelona, Spain], CH Evry-Corbeil, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Immunité et Infection, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR113-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Medicines Development Group (MDG), Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon]-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospital Clinic [Barcelona, Spain]-August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute - IDIBAPS [Barcelona, Spain], Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-IFR113-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, medicine.medical_specialty, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Immunology, Placebo, lcsh:RC254-282, Gastroenterology, Peptide vaccines, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, [SDV.IMM.VAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Vaccinology, Antigen, Internal medicine, Protocol, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Adverse effect, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Pharmacology, 0303 health sciences, biology, business.industry, Immunogenicity, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Publisher Correction, 3. Good health, Vaccination, Infectious Diseases, Viral infection, biology.protein, Antibody, [SDV.IMM.VAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Vaccinology, lcsh:RC581-607, business, CD8
Abstract: VAC-3S is a therapeutic vaccine comprising a highly conserved HIV-gp41 motif coupled with the CRM197 carrier protein. High levels of anti-3S antibodies (Abs) have been associated with improved protection of CD4+ T-cell survival. A previous phase 1 study demonstrated the safety of VAC-3S. This multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial enroled between January 2014 and March 2015 HIV-1-infected patients under ART with plasma HIV RNA levels below 50 copies/mL and CD4 counts between 200 and 500 cells/μL. Participants were immunised with 16, 32, or 64 μg of VAC-3S, and compared to placebo. The primary outcome was immunogenicity assessed by changes from baseline of anti-3S Abs levels at week 12. Secondary outcomes included adverse events and the course of plasma HIV RNA level, CD4 count, CD4/CD8 ratio, inflammation and immune checkpoints from week 0 to week 48. Vaccination was well tolerated with no serious adverse events and induced a significant increase in anti-3S Ab response in vaccinated patients (p + T cells through week 48 (variance p = 0.0017). PD-1 expression was correlated with level of anti-3S Abs (p = 0.0092, r = −0.68) and expression of NKp44L (p r = 0.54) in CD4+ T cells. Our findings regarding the increase of non-exhausted CD4+ T cells have potentially important application in personalised HIV vaccination for HIV-infected patients with high level of PD-1 to improve their T-cell immune function.
Published: 2019

40. Perspectives on Scedosporium species and Lomentospora prolificans in lung transplantation: Results of an international practice survey from ESCMID fungal infection study group and study group for infections in compromised hosts, and European Confederation of Medical Mycology

Author: Rammaert, B., Puyade, M., Cornely, O. A., Seidel, D., Grossi, P., Husain, S., Picard, C., Lass-Florl, C., Manuel, O., Le Pavec, J., Lortholary, O., Nagel, C., Westall, G., Morrissey, O., Chambers, D., Eschertzhuber, S., Coussement, J., Knoop, C., Vos, R., Dupont, L., Dumonceaux, M., Campos, S. V., Kabbani, D., Cervera, C., Luong, M. -L., Blanchard, E., Senechal, A., Pavec, J. L., Brugiere, O., Boussaud, V., Guillemain, R., Bervar, J. -F., Claustre, J., Haloun, A., Hirschi, S., Reynaud, M., Kneidinger, N., Gottlieb, J., Roilides, E., Zarrinfar, H., Rosso, L., Morlacchi, L. C., Dell'Amore, A., Loy, M., Santos, C. O. D., Rello, J., Monforte, V., Martin-Gomez, M. T., Medrano, F. L., Fernandez-Ruiz, M., Sole, A., Cifrian, J. M., Neofytos, D., Mueller, N., Benden, C., Brill, A. K., Kiyan, E., Gould, K., Gkrania-Klotsas, E., David, M., Weigt, S., Kwak, E. J., Silveira, F., Hadjiliadis, D., Baddley, J., Danziger-Isakov, L., Bhorade, S., Ison, M., Wolfe, C., Aslam, S., Budem, M., Musetti, A., Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Université de Poitiers - Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, Pharmacologie des anti-infectieux (PHAR), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases - CECAD [Cologne, Germany] (Institute for Genetics), University of Cologne, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), University Health Network, Hôpital Foch [Suresnes], Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois [Lausanne] (CHUV), Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue (CCML), Hypertension arterielle pulmonaire physiopathologie et innovation thérapeutique, Centre Chirurgical Marie Lannelongue (CCML)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 - Faculté de médecine (UP11 UFR Médecine), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Saclay, Centre d'infectiologie Necker-Pasteur [CHU Necker], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Mycologie moléculaire - Molecular Mycology, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence Mycologie et Antifongiques-Mycologie Moléculaire (CNRMA), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), The authors thank all the people who helped to collect mycological data and to contact transplant centers: Alejandro Mario Bertolotti (Buenos Aires, Argentina), Claire Heney (Brisbane, Australia), Carlota Montesinos (Brussels, Belgium), Katrien Lagrou (Leuven, Belgium), Youri Gluczynski (Yvoir, Belgium), Sandrine Houze (Paris, France), Eric Dannaoui (Paris, France), Florent Morio (Nantes, France), Murielle Cornet (Grenoble, France), Valérie Bru (Strasbourg, France), Stéphane Ranque (Marseille, France), Emilie Cardot (Suresnes, France), Ludwig Sedlacek (Hannover, Germany), Maurizio Sanguinetti (Roma, Italy), Ana Alastruey (Madrid, Spain), Konrad Muehlethaler (Bern, Switzerland), Kevin Alby (Philadelphia, USA), Malcom Richardson (Manchester, UK), the members of the ESCMID Fungal Infection Study Group (EFISG) and Study Group for Infections in Compromised Hosts (ESGICH) and European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) who helped to promote the study, Jeffrey Arsham for editing our original English language manuscript., The SCEDO‐LUNG collaborative group collected the data., University of Insubria, Varese, University of Innsbruck, Centre chirurgical Marie Lannelongue, Centre chirurgical Marie Lannelongue-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: Internationality, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], invasive fungal disease, lomentosporiosis, scedosporiosis, solid organ transplantation, Ascomycota, Humans, Lung Transplantation, Mycoses, Prospective Studies, Respiratory Tract Infections, Scedosporium, Surveys and Questionnaires, Disease Management, Immunocompromised Host, MESH: Mycoses/epidemiology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Mycoses/etiology, MESH: Surveys and Questionnaires, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, MESH: Respiratory Tract Infections/etiology, MESH: Humans, MESH: Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology, MESH: Scedosporium/isolation & purification, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, MESH: Lung Transplantation/adverse effects, MESH: Prospective Studies, MESH: Disease Management, MESH: Internationality, MESH: Ascomycota/isolation & purification, MESH: Immunocompromised Host
Abstract: International audience; Background: Scedosporium species and Lomentospora prolificans (S/L) are the second most common causes of invasive mold infections following Aspergillus in lung transplant recipients.Methods: We assessed the current practices on management of S/L colonization/infection of the lower respiratory tract before and after lung transplantation in a large number of lung transplant centers through an international practice survey from October 2016 to March 2017.Results: A total of 51 respondents from 45 lung transplant centers (17 countries, 4 continents) answered the survey (response rate 58%). S/L colonization was estimated to be detected in candidates by 48% of centers. Only 18% of the centers used a specific medium to detect S/L colonization. Scedosporium spp. colonization was a contraindication to transplantation in 10% of centers whereas L prolificans was a contraindication in 31%; 22% of centers declared having had 1-5 recipients infected with S/L in the past 5 years.Conclusions: This survey gives an overview of the current practices regarding S/L colonization and infection in lung transplant centers worldwide and underscores the need of S/L culture procedure standardization before implementing prospective studies.
Published: 2019

41. Discovery of the first small-molecule CsrA–RNA interaction inhibitors using biophysical screening technologies

Author: Jennifer Herrmann, Christine K. Maurer, Olga Avrutina, Rolf W. Hartmann, Martin Empting, Petra Dersch, Jan Gorges, Martina Fruth, Suvd Nadmid, Rolf Müller, Uli Kazmaier, Jörn Hoßmann, and German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), PartnerSite Hannover-Braunschweig, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, 030106 microbiology, Drug Evaluation, Preclinical, Oligonucleotides, Regulator, Virulence, Small Molecule Libraries, 03 medical and health sciences, Nucleic Acids, Drug Discovery, Surface plasmon resonance, Pharmacology, biology, Escherichia coli Proteins, RNA-Binding Proteins, RNA, Ligand (biochemistry), biology.organism_classification, Small molecule, Repressor Proteins, 030104 developmental biology, Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine, Bacteria, Fluorescence anisotropy, Protein Binding
Abstract: Aim: CsrA is a global post-transcriptional regulator protein affecting mRNA translation and/or stability. Widespread among bacteria, it is essential for their full virulence and thus represents a promising anti-infective drug target. Therefore, we aimed at the discovery of CsrA–RNA interaction inhibitors. Results & methodology: We followed two strategies: a screening of small molecules (A) and an RNA ligand-based approach (B). Using surface plasmon resonance-based binding and fluorescence polarization-based competition assays, (A) yielded seven small-molecule inhibitors, among them MM14 (IC50 of 4 µM). (B) resulted in RNA-based inhibitor GGARNA (IC50 of 113 µM). Conclusion: The first small-molecule inhibitors of the CsrA–RNA interaction were discovered exhibiting micromolar affinities. These hits represent tools to investigate the effects of CsrA–RNA interaction inhibition on bacterial virulence.
Published: 2016

42. Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018):a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines

Author: Théry, Clotilde, Witwer, Kenneth W, Aikawa, Elena, Alcaraz, Maria Jose, Anderson, Johnathon D, Andriantsitohaina, Ramaroson, Antoniou, Anna, Arab, Tanina, Archer, Fabienne, Atkin-Smith, Georgia K, Ayre, D Craig, Bach, Jean-Marie, Bachurski, Daniel, Baharvand, Hossein, Balaj, Leonora, Baldacchino, Shawn, Bauer, Natalie N, Baxter, Amy A, Bebawy, Mary, Beckham, Carla, Bedina Zavec, Apolonija, Benmoussa, Abderrahim, Berardi, Anna C, Bergese, Paolo, Bielska, Ewa, Blenkiron, Cherie, Bobis-Wozowicz, Sylwia, Boilard, Eric, Boireau, Wilfrid, Bongiovanni, Antonella, Borràs, Francesc E, Bosch, Steffi, Boulanger, Chantal M, Breakefield, Xandra, Breglio, Andrew M, Brennan, Meadhbh Á, Brigstock, David R, Brisson, Alain, Broekman, Marike Ld, Bromberg, Jacqueline F, Bryl-Górecka, Paulina, Buch, Shilpa, Buck, Amy H, Burger, Dylan, Busatto, Sara, Buschmann, Dominik, Bussolati, Benedetta, Buzás, Edit I, Byrd, James Bryan, Camussi, Giovanni, Carter, David Rf, Caruso, Sarah, Chamley, Lawrence W, Chang, Yu-Ting, Chen, Chihchen, Chen, Shuai, Cheng, Lesley, Chin, Andrew R, Clayton, Aled, Clerici, Stefano P, Cocks, Alex, Cocucci, Emanuele, Coffey, Robert J, Cordeiro-da-Silva, Anabela, Couch, Yvonne, Coumans, Frank Aw, Coyle, Beth, Crescitelli, Rossella, Criado, Miria Ferreira, D'Souza-Schorey, Crislyn, Das, Saumya, Datta Chaudhuri, Amrita, de Candia, Paola, De Santana, Eliezer F, De Wever, Olivier, Del Portillo, Hernando A, Demaret, Tanguy, Deville, Sarah, Devitt, Andrew, Dhondt, Bert, Di Vizio, Dolores, Dieterich, Lothar C, Dolo, Vincenza, Dominguez Rubio, Ana Paula, Dominici, Massimo, Dourado, Mauricio R, Driedonks, Tom Ap, Duarte, Filipe V, Duncan, Heather M, Eichenberger, Ramon M, Ekström, Karin, El Andaloussi, Samir, Elie-Caille, Celine, Erdbrügger, Uta, Falcón-Pérez, Juan M, Fatima, Farah, Fish, Jason E, Flores-Bellver, Miguel, Försönits, András, Frelet-Barrand, Annie, Fricke, Fabia, Fuhrmann, Gregor, Gabrielsson, Susanne, Gámez-Valero, Ana, Gardiner, Chris, Gärtner, Kathrin, Gaudin, Raphael, Gho, Yong Song, Giebel, Bernd, Gilbert, Caroline, Gimona, Mario, Giusti, Ilaria, Goberdhan, Deborah Ci, Görgens, André, Gorski, Sharon M, Greening, David W, Gross, Julia Christina, Gualerzi, Alice, Gupta, Gopal N, Gustafson, Dakota, Handberg, Aase, Haraszti, Reka A, Harrison, Paul, Hegyesi, Hargita, Hendrix, An, Hill, Andrew F, Hochberg, Fred H, Hoffmann, Karl F, Holder, Beth, Holthofer, Harry, Hosseinkhani, Baharak, Hu, Guoku, Huang, Yiyao, Huber, Veronica, Hunt, Stuart, Ibrahim, Ahmed Gamal-Eldin, Ikezu, Tsuneya, Inal, Jameel M, Isin, Mustafa, Ivanova, Alena, Jackson, Hannah K, Jacobsen, Soren, Jay, Steven M, Jayachandran, Muthuvel, Jenster, Guido, Jiang, Lanzhou, Johnson, Suzanne M, Jones, Jennifer C, Jong, Ambrose, Jovanovic-Talisman, Tijana, Jung, Stephanie, Kalluri, Raghu, Kano, Shin-Ichi, Kaur, Sukhbir, Kawamura, Yumi, Keller, Evan T, Khamari, Delaram, Khomyakova, Elena, Khvorova, Anastasia, Kierulf, Peter, Kim, Kwang Pyo, Kislinger, Thomas, Klingeborn, Mikael, Klinke, David J, Kornek, Miroslaw, Kosanović, Maja M, Kovács, Árpád Ferenc, Krämer-Albers, Eva-Maria, Krasemann, Susanne, Krause, Mirja, Kurochkin, Igor V, Kusuma, Gina D, Kuypers, Sören, Laitinen, Saara, Langevin, Scott M, Languino, Lucia R, Lannigan, Joanne, Lässer, Cecilia, Laurent, Louise C, Lavieu, Gregory, Lázaro-Ibáñez, Elisa, Le Lay, Soazig, Lee, Myung-Shin, Lee, Yi Xin Fiona, Lemos, Debora S, Lenassi, Metka, Leszczynska, Aleksandra, Li, Isaac Ts, Liao, Ke, Libregts, Sten F, Ligeti, Erzsebet, Lim, Rebecca, Lim, Sai Kiang, Linē, Aija, Linnemannstöns, Karen, Llorente, Alicia, Lombard, Catherine A, Lorenowicz, Magdalena J, Lörincz, Ákos M, Lötvall, Jan, Lovett, Jason, Lowry, Michelle C, Loyer, Xavier, Lu, Quan, Lukomska, Barbara, Lunavat, Taral R, Maas, Sybren Ln, Malhi, Harmeet, Marcilla, Antonio, Mariani, Jacopo, Mariscal, Javier, Martens-Uzunova, Elena S, Martin-Jaular, Lorena, Martinez, M Carmen, Martins, Vilma Regina, Mathieu, Mathilde, Mathivanan, Suresh, Maugeri, Marco, McGinnis, Lynda K, McVey, Mark J, Meckes, David G, Meehan, Katie L, Mertens, Inge, Minciacchi, Valentina R, Möller, Andreas, Møller Jørgensen, Malene, Morales-Kastresana, Aizea, Morhayim, Jess, Mullier, François, Muraca, Maurizio, Musante, Luca, Mussack, Veronika, Muth, Dillon C, Myburgh, Kathryn H, Najrana, Tanbir, Nawaz, Muhammad, Nazarenko, Irina, Nejsum, Peter, Neri, Christian, Neri, Tommaso, Nieuwland, Rienk, Nimrichter, Leonardo, Nolan, John P, Nolte-'t Hoen, Esther NM, Noren Hooten, Nicole, O'Driscoll, Lorraine, O'Grady, Tina, O'Loghlen, Ana, Ochiya, Takahiro, Olivier, Martin, Ortiz, Alberto, Ortiz, Luis A, Osteikoetxea, Xabier, Østergaard, Ole, Ostrowski, Matias, Park, Jaesung, Pegtel, D Michiel, Peinado, Hector, Perut, Francesca, Pfaffl, Michael W, Phinney, Donald G, Pieters, Bartijn Ch, Pink, Ryan C, Pisetsky, David S, Pogge von Strandmann, Elke, Polakovicova, Iva, Poon, Ivan Kh, Powell, Bonita H, Prada, Ilaria, Pulliam, Lynn, Quesenberry, Peter, Radeghieri, Annalisa, Raffai, Robert L, Raimondo, Stefania, Rak, Janusz, Ramirez, Marcel I, Raposo, Graça, Rayyan, Morsi S, Regev-Rudzki, Neta, Ricklefs, Franz L, Robbins, Paul D, Roberts, David D, Rodrigues, Silvia C, Rohde, Eva, Rome, Sophie, Rouschop, Kasper Ma, Rughetti, Aurelia, Russell, Ashley E, Saá, Paula, Sahoo, Susmita, Salas-Huenuleo, Edison, Sánchez, Catherine, Saugstad, Julie A, Saul, Meike J, Schiffelers, Raymond M, Schneider, Raphael, Schøyen, Tine Hiorth, Scott, Aaron, Shahaj, Eriomina, Sharma, Shivani, Shatnyeva, Olga, Shekari, Faezeh, Shelke, Ganesh Vilas, Shetty, Ashok K, Shiba, Kiyotaka, Siljander, Pia R-M, Silva, Andreia M, Skowronek, Agata, Snyder, Orman L, Soares, Rodrigo Pedro, Sódar, Barbara W, Soekmadji, Carolina, Sotillo, Javier, Stahl, Philip D, Stoorvogel, Willem, Stott, Shannon L, Strasser, Erwin F, Swift, Simon, Tahara, Hidetoshi, Tewari, Muneesh, Timms, Kate, Tiwari, Swasti, Tixeira, Rochelle, Tkach, Mercedes, Toh, Wei Seong, Tomasini, Richard, Torrecilhas, Ana Claudia, Tosar, Juan Pablo, Toxavidis, Vasilis, Urbanelli, Lorena, Vader, Pieter, van Balkom, Bas Wm, van der Grein, Susanne G, Van Deun, Jan, van Herwijnen, Martijn Jc, Van Keuren-Jensen, Kendall, van Niel, Guillaume, van Royen, Martin E, van Wijnen, Andre J, Vasconcelos, M Helena, Vechetti, Ivan J, Veit, Tiago D, Vella, Laura J, Velot, Émilie, Verweij, Frederik J, Vestad, Beate, Viñas, Jose L, Visnovitz, Tamás, Vukman, Krisztina V, Wahlgren, Jessica, Watson, Dionysios C, Wauben, Marca Hm, Weaver, Alissa, Webber, Jason P, Weber, Viktoria, Wehman, Ann M, Weiss, Daniel J, Welsh, Joshua A, Wendt, Sebastian, Wheelock, Asa M, Wiener, Zoltán, Witte, Leonie, Wolfram, Joy, Xagorari, Angeliki, Xander, Patricia, Xu, Jing, Yan, Xiaomei, Yáñez-Mó, María, Yin, Hang, Yuana, Yuana, Zappulli, Valentina, Zarubova, Jana, Žėkas, Vytautas, Zhang, Jian-Ye, Zhao, Zezhou, Zheng, Lei, Zheutlin, Alexander R, Zickler, Antje M, Zimmermann, Pascale, Zivkovic, Angela M, Zocco, Davide, Zuba-Surma, Ewa K, dB&C I&I, LS Celbiologie-Algemeen, Celbiologie, Afd Pharmaceutics, Sub General Pharmaceutics, Sub Biomol.Mass Spect. and Proteomics, Afd Pharmacology, Urology, Pathology, Medical Oncology, Immunité et cancer, Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Stress Oxydant et Pathologies Métaboliques (SOPAM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM) - U 1192 (PRISM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Infections Virales et Pathologie Comparée - UMR 754 (IVPC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Immuno-Endocrinologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire [Nantes] (IECM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Department for Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of chemitry, Slovenia, Biologie, génétique et thérapies ostéoarticulaires et respiratoires (BIOTARGEN), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Immuno-Endocrinologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (IECM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Nantes, Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiopathologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Imagerie Moléculaire et Nanobiotechnologies - Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie (IECB), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Molecular Biotechnology Center, Università degli studi di Torino = University of Turin (UNITO), Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University (JCU), Department of Oncology - Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska [Karolinska Institutet] (CCK), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]-Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults [Modena, Italy] (Laboratory of Cellular Therapy), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Clinical Research Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Huddinge, Sweden, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm]-Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Partner site Munich, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Universität Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (MECADEV), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Psychiatry, Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Department of Bacteriology and Immunology [Helsinki], Haartman Institute [Helsinki], Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, Dalhousie University [Halifax], Department of Biology, Molecular Cell Biology, University of Mainz, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Glycobiologie et signalisation cellulaire, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg (GU), Universidad de Alicante, École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Créteil (UPEC ESPE Créteil), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), University of Antwerp (UA), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Research Institute, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù [Roma], Department of Veterinary Disease Biology [Copenhagen], Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Biologie et Pathologie du Neurone (Brain-C), Adaptation Biologique et Vieillissement = Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, American University, University of Pretoria [South Africa], Ecole des Ingénieurs de la Ville de Paris (EIVP), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Department of Molecular Therapeutics, The Scripps Research Institute, Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), Compartimentation et dynamique cellulaires (CDC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Cancer Institute [Bethesda] (NCI-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], University Medical Center [Utrecht], University of Toronto, Fiocruz Minas - René Rachou Research Center / Instituto René Rachou [Belo Horizonte, Brésil], Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Federal University of Sao Paulo (Unifesp), Functional Genomics / Genómica Funcional [Montevideo], Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Scienze Biochimiche, Università degli Studi di Perugia (UNIPG), Hospital Santa Cristina Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa C, Unidad de Investigación, Institut Curie [Paris]-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physiology, University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California-University of California, University of Vermont [Burlington], Peking University [Beijing], Shandong Agricultural University (SDAU), State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine Taipa, Macau SAR, (Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences), Human Genetics, Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], INSERM, Institut Curie, INCa [INCA-11548], French National Research Agency [ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02 PSL*, ANR-11-LABX-0043], SIDACTION [17-1-AAE-1138], Fondation ARC [PGA1 RF20180206962, PJA 20171206453], NIDA [DA040385, DA047807], Ministry of Education, NIA [AG057430], NIMH [MH118164], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Nantes-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Universität Duisburg-Essen = University of Duisburg-Essen [Essen], Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Aberystwyth University, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH)-University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), The Scripps Research Institute [La Jolla, San Diego], Fundação Oswaldo Cruz / Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Università degli Studi di Perugia = University of Perugia (UNIPG), Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital de la Princesa, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), ANR-17-CE09-0025,MADNESS,Une approche microfluidique générique pour la qualification des nanoparticules biologiques(2017), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Biomedical Engineering and Physics, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, ACS - Microcirculation, Laboratory Specialized Diagnostics & Research, Radiotherapie, RS: GROW - R2 - Basic and Translational Cancer Biology, Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Nantes-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Università degli studi di Torino (UNITO), Universidade do Porto, University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki-Faculty of Medecine [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Curie [Paris]-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Toronto [Canada], Institut Curie-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Protéomique, Réponse Inflammatoire, Spectrométrie de Masse (PRISM) - U1192 (PRISM), Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiopathologie de la Résorption Osseuse et Thérapie des Tumeurs Osseuses Primitives, Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universidade do Porto [Porto], Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), FEMTO-ST Institute, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-CNRS : UMR6174, Mécanismes adaptatifs : des organismes aux communautés (MECADEV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Johannes Gutenberg - University of Mainz (JGU), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona], Laboratoire d'Informatique de Grenoble (LIG), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Curie-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (LRGP), Fiocruz Minas - René Rachou Research Center / Instituto René Rachou, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Functional Genomics Unit, Institut Curie-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Vermont College of Medicine [Burlington, VT, USA], Extracellular Vesicles, Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Thery, C., Witwer, K. W., Aikawa, E., Alcaraz, M. J., Anderson, J. D., Andriantsitohaina, R., Antoniou, A., Arab, T., Archer, F., Atkin-Smith, G. K., Ayre, D. C., Bach, J. -M., Bachurski, D., Baharvand, H., Balaj, L., Baldacchino, S., Bauer, N. N., Baxter, A. A., Bebawy, M., Beckham, C., Bedina Zavec, A., Benmoussa, A., Berardi, A. C., Bergese, P., Bielska, E., Blenkiron, C., Bobis-Wozowicz, S., Boilard, E., Boireau, W., Bongiovanni, A., Borras, F. E., Bosch, S., Boulanger, C. M., Breakefield, X., Breglio, A. M., Brennan, M. A., Brigstock, D. R., Brisson, A., Broekman, M. L. D., Bromberg, J. F., Bryl-Gorecka, P., Buch, S., Buck, A. H., Burger, D., Busatto, S., Buschmann, D., Bussolati, B., Buzas, E. I., Byrd, J. B., Camussi, G., Carter, D. R. F., Caruso, S., Chamley, L. W., Chang, Y. -T., Chaudhuri, A. D., Chen, C., Chen, S., Cheng, L., Chin, A. R., Clayton, A., Clerici, S. P., Cocks, A., Cocucci, E., Coffey, R. J., Cordeiro-da-Silva, A., Couch, Y., Coumans, F. A. W., Coyle, B., Crescitelli, R., Criado, M. F., D'Souza-Schorey, C., Das, S., de Candia, P., De Santana, E. F., De Wever, O., del Portillo, H. A., Demaret, T., Deville, S., Devitt, A., Dhondt, B., Di Vizio, D., Dieterich, L. C., Dolo, V., Dominguez Rubio, A. P., Dominici, M., Dourado, M. R., Driedonks, T. A. P., Duarte, F. V., Duncan, H. M., Eichenberger, R. M., Ekstrom, K., EL Andaloussi, S., Elie-Caille, C., Erdbrugger, U., Falcon-Perez, J. M., Fatima, F., Fish, J. E., Flores-Bellver, M., Forsonits, A., Frelet-Barrand, A., Fricke, F., Fuhrmann, G., Gabrielsson, S., Gamez-Valero, A., Gardiner, C., Gartner, K., Gaudin, R., Gho, Y. S., Giebel, B., Gilbert, C., Gimona, M., Giusti, I., Goberdhan, D. C. I., Gorgens, A., Gorski, S. M., Greening, D. W., Gross, J. C., Gualerzi, A., Gupta, G. N., Gustafson, D., Handberg, A., Haraszti, R. A., Harrison, P., Hegyesi, H., Hendrix, A., Hill, A. F., Hochberg, F. H., Hoffmann, K. F., Holder, B., Holthofer, H., Hosseinkhani, B., Hu, G., Huang, Y., Huber, V., Hunt, S., Ibrahim, A. G. -E., Ikezu, T., Inal, J. M., Isin, M., Ivanova, A., Jackson, H. K., Jacobsen, S., Jay, S. M., Jayachandran, M., Jenster, G., Jiang, L., Johnson, S. M., Jones, J. C., Jong, A., Jovanovic-Talisman, T., Jung, S., Kalluri, R., Kano, S. -I., Kaur, S., Kawamura, Y., Keller, E. T., Khamari, D., Khomyakova, E., Khvorova, A., Kierulf, P., Kim, K. P., Kislinger, T., Klingeborn, M., Klinke, D. J., Kornek, M., Kosanovic, M. M., Kovacs, A. F., Kramer-Albers, E. -M., Krasemann, S., Krause, M., Kurochkin, I. V., Kusuma, G. D., Kuypers, S., Laitinen, S., Langevin, S. M., Languino, L. R., Lannigan, J., Lasser, C., Laurent, L. C., Lavieu, G., Lazaro-Ibanez, E., Le Lay, S., Lee, M. -S., Lee, Y. X. F., Lemos, D. S., Lenassi, M., Leszczynska, A., Li, I. T. S., Liao, K., Libregts, S. F., Ligeti, E., Lim, R., Lim, S. K., Line, A., Linnemannstons, K., Llorente, A., Lombard, C. A., Lorenowicz, M. J., Lorincz, A. M., Lotvall, J., Lovett, J., Lowry, M. C., Loyer, X., Lu, Q., Lukomska, B., Lunavat, T. R., Maas, S. L. N., Malhi, H., Marcilla, A., Mariani, J., Mariscal, J., Martens-Uzunova, E. S., Martin-Jaular, L., Martinez, M. C., Martins, V. R., Mathieu, M., Mathivanan, S., Maugeri, M., Mcginnis, L. K., Mcvey, M. J., Meckes, D. G., Meehan, K. L., Mertens, I., Minciacchi, V. R., Moller, A., Moller Jorgensen, M., Morales-Kastresana, A., Morhayim, J., Mullier, F., Muraca, M., Musante, L., Mussack, V., Muth, D. C., Myburgh, K. H., Najrana, T., Nawaz, M., Nazarenko, I., Nejsum, P., Neri, C., Neri, T., Nieuwland, R., Nimrichter, L., Nolan, J. P., Nolte-'t Hoen, E. N. M., Noren Hooten, N., O'Driscoll, L., O'Grady, T., O'Loghlen, A., Ochiya, T., Olivier, M., Ortiz, A., Ortiz, L. A., Osteikoetxea, X., Ostegaard, O., Ostrowski, M., Park, J., Pegtel, D. M., Peinado, H., Perut, F., Pfaffl, M. W., Phinney, D. G., Pieters, B. C. H., Pink, R. C., Pisetsky, D. S., Pogge von Strandmann, E., Polakovicova, I., Poon, I. K. H., Powell, B. H., Prada, I., Pulliam, L., Quesenberry, P., Radeghieri, A., Raffai, R. L., Raimondo, S., Rak, J., Ramirez, M. I., Raposo, G., Rayyan, M. S., Regev-Rudzki, N., Ricklefs, F. L., Robbins, P. D., Roberts, D. D., Rodrigues, S. C., Rohde, E., Rome, S., Rouschop, K. M. A., Rughetti, A., Russell, A. E., Saa, P., Sahoo, S., Salas-Huenuleo, E., Sanchez, C., Saugstad, J. A., Saul, M. J., Schiffelers, R. M., Schneider, R., Schoyen, T. H., Scott, A., Shahaj, E., Sharma, S., Shatnyeva, O., Shekari, F., Shelke, G. V., Shetty, A. K., Shiba, K., Siljander, P. R. -M., Silva, A. M., Skowronek, A., Snyder, O. L., Soares, R. P., Sodar, B. W., Soekmadji, C., Sotillo, J., Stahl, P. D., Stoorvogel, W., Stott, S. L., Strasser, E. F., Swift, S., Tahara, H., Tewari, M., Timms, K., Tiwari, S., Tixeira, R., Tkach, M., Toh, W. S., Tomasini, R., Torrecilhas, A. C., Tosar, J. P., Toxavidis, V., Urbanelli, L., Vader, P., van Balkom, B. W. M., van der Grein, S. G., Van Deun, J., van Herwijnen, M. J. C., Van Keuren-Jensen, K., van Niel, G., van Royen, M. E., van Wijnen, A. J., Vasconcelos, M. H., Vechetti, I. J., Veit, T. D., Vella, L. J., Velot, E., Verweij, F. J., Vestad, B., Vinas, J. L., Visnovitz, T., Vukman, K. V., Wahlgren, J., Watson, D. C., Wauben, M. H. M., Weaver, A., Webber, J. P., Weber, V., Wehman, A. M., Weiss, D. J., Welsh, J. A., Wendt, S., Wheelock, A. M., Wiener, Z., Witte, L., Wolfram, J., Xagorari, A., Xander, P., Xu, J., Yan, X., Yanez-Mo, M., Yin, H., Yuana, Y., Zappulli, V., Zarubova, J., Zekas, V., Zhang, J. -Y., Zhao, Z., Zheng, L., Zheutlin, A. R., Zickler, A. M., Zimmermann, P., Zivkovic, A. M., Zocco, D., Zuba-Surma, E. K., dB&C I&I, LS Celbiologie-Algemeen, Celbiologie, Afd Pharmaceutics, Sub General Pharmaceutics, Sub Biomol.Mass Spect. and Proteomics, Afd Pharmacology, CCA - Imaging and biomarkers, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neuroinfection & -inflammation, and Amsterdam Neuroscience - Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms
Subjects: ectosome, ectosomes, exosomes, extracellular vesicles, guidelines, microparticles, microvesicles, minimal information requirements, reproducibility, rigor, standardization, Histology, Cell Biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], size-exclusion, Medicine and Health Sciences, CELL-DERIVED MICROPARTICLES, FIELD-FLOW FRACTIONATION, requirements, circulating, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Manchester Cancer Research Centre, lcsh:Cytology, PROSTATE-CANCER, microparticle, Cell interaction, microvesicle, chromatography, Position Paper, guideline, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, ectosomes, exosomes, extracellular vesicles, guidelines, microparticles, microvesicles, minimal information requirements, reproducibility, rigor, standardization, MEMBRANE-VESICLES, FETAL BOVINE, Ectosomes, Exosomes, Extracellular Vesicles, Guidelines, Microparticles, Microvesicles, Minimal Information Requirements, Reproducibility, Rigor, Standardization, CIRCULATING MICROPARTICLES, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, ddc:570, exosome, SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE, ddc:610, lcsh:QH573-671, Biology, Interacció cel·lular, Science & Technology, ResearchInstitutes_Networks_Beacons/mcrc, Cell membranes, HUMAN URINARY EXOSOMES, PREANALYTICAL PARAMETERS, minimal information requirement, SIZE-EXCLUSION CHROMATOGRAPHY, 1182 Biochemistry, cell and molecular biology, extracellular vesicle, Human medicine, Membranes cel·lulars
Abstract: The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size and amount often make them difficult to obtain as relatively pure preparations, and to characterize properly. The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) proposed Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles ("MISEV") guidelines for the field in 2014. We now update these "MISEV2014" guidelines based on evolution of the collective knowledge in the last four years. An important point to consider is that ascribing a specific function to EVs in general, or to subtypes of EVs, requires reporting of specific information beyond mere description of function in a crude, potentially contaminated, and heterogeneous preparation. For example, claims that exosomes are endowed with exquisite and specific activities remain difficult to support experimentally, given our still limited knowledge of their specific molecular machineries of biogenesis and release, as compared with other biophysically similar EVs. The MISEV2018 guidelines include tables and outlines of suggested protocols and steps to follow to document specific EV-associated functional activities. Finally, a checklist is provided with summaries of key points.
Published: 2018

43. Changes to taxonomy and the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (2018)

Author: Peter Simmonds, Arcady Mushegian, Jens H. Kuhn, Luisa Rubino, Francisco Murilo Zerbini, Hélène Sanfaçon, Stuart G. Siddell, Michael J. Adams, Sead Sabanadzovic, Alexander E. Gorbalenya, Max L. Nibert, Andrew M. Q. King, Balázs Harrach, Nick J. Knowles, Mart Krupovic, Robert L. Harrison, Arvind Varsani, Bas E. Dutilh, Andrew J. Davison, Andrew M. Kropinski, Elliot J. Lefkowitz, Sandra Junglen, Institute for Animal Health, the Pirbright Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham [ Birmingham] (UAB), National Science Foundation [Arlington] (NSF), Theoretical Biology & Bioinformatics [Utrecht], University Medical Center [Utrecht], Radboud University Medical Center [Nijmegen], Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), USDA Agricultural Research Service [Maricopa, AZ] (USDA), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Humboldt State University (HSU), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), University of Guelph, Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles (BMGE), Institut Pasteur [Paris], National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS), Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (CNR-IPSP), UOS Torino, Mississippi State University [Mississippi], Agriculture and Agri-Food [Ottawa] (AAFC), University of Bristol [Bristol], University of Oxford [Oxford], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), University of Glasgow, A.J.D. is supported by the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12014/3). B.E.D. is supported by Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Vidi Grant 864.14.004. A.E.G. is partially supported by EU project EVAg 653316 and the Leids Universiteits Fonds. N.J.K. is partially supported by core funding provided by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Health and Human Services or of the institutions and companies affiliated with the authors. This work was supported in part through Battelle Memorial Institute’s prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272200700016I (J.H.K). A.R.M. is a Program Director at the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), his work on this project was supported in part by the NSF Independent Research and Development program, but the statements and opinions expressed herein are made in a personal capacity and do not imply endorsement by NSF or the government of the United States. S.S. acknowledges financial support from Mississippi State University (MSU)—Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES) Strategic Research Initiative grants., The Pirbright Institute, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Universiteit Leiden, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Agriculture and Agri-Food (AAFC), University of Oxford, Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Sub Bioinformatics, and Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, International Code of Virus Classification, viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], education, 030106 microbiology, Coronacrisis-Taverne, Library science, Committee Membership, virus, Biology, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, Executive committee, taxonomy, ICTV, 03 medical and health sciences, Viral genetics, Terminology as Topic, Virology, skin and connective tissue diseases, Nomenclature, health care economics and organizations, Virus classification, Taxonomy, General Medicine, 3. Good health, International code, 030104 developmental biology, Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Classification methods, Taxonomy (biology), sense organs
Abstract: International audience; This article lists the changes to virus taxonomy approved and ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses in February 2018. A total of 451 species, 69 genera, 11 subfamilies, 9 families and one new order were added to the taxonomy. The current totals at each taxonomic level now stand at 9 orders, 131 families, 46 subfamilies, 803 genera and 4853 species. A change was made to the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature to allow the use of the names of people in taxon names under appropriate circumstances. An updated Master Species List incorporating the approved changes was released in March 2018 ( https://talk.ictvonline.org/taxonomy/ ).
Published: 2018

44. Dynamic Growth and Shrinkage of the Salmonella-Containing Vacuole Determines the Intracellular Pathogen Niche

Author: Quentin Giai Gianetto, Yoann Le Toquin, Virginie Stévenin, Norbert Reiling, Magalie Duchateau, Chak Hon Luk, Audrey Salles, Mariette Matondo, Yuen-Yan Chang, Jost Enninga, Victoria Sohst, Dynamique des Interactions Hôte-Pathogène - Dynamics of Host-Pathogen Interactions, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Spectrométrie de Masse pour la Biologie – Mass Spectrometry for Biology (UTechS MSBio), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hub Bioinformatique et Biostatistique - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, BioImagerie Photonique – Photonic BioImaging (UTechS PBI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Research group Microbial Interface Biology [Borstel Center, Germany] (RG-MIB), Research Center Borstel - Leibniz Lung Center [Germany], German Center for Infection Research - Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), V. Stévenin was supported by a PhD fellowship from the University Paris Diderot allocated by the ENS Paris-Saclay, a grant from the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM, FDT20170436843), and an extension grant from the BCI Department of Institut Pasteur. V. Sohst and N.R. were supported by a grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Excellence Cluster 306 'Inflammation at Interfaces' (MTP2). J.E. is a member of the LabEx consortia IBEID and MilieuInterieur. J.E. also acknowledges support from the ANR (grant StopBugEntry and AutoHostPath) and the ERC (CoG EndoSubvert). N.R. is very grateful for funding within the DFG priority program (SPP1580) (NR: Re1228 5-1, Re1228 5-2) and also thanks the German Center for Infection (DZIF) for financial support. UTechS PBI is part of the France–BioImaging infrastructure network (FBI) supported by the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR-10–INSB–04, Investments for the Future), and acknowledges support from ANR/FBI and the Région Ile-de-France (program 'Domaine d’Intérêt Majeur-Malinf') for the use of the Zeiss LSM 780 Elyra PS1 microscope., The authors acknowledge T. Galli, E. Boucrot, L. Johannes, and F. Garcia-del Portillo for providing tools and scientific feedback. The authors are deeply grateful to Sjaak Neefjes and his group for providing equipment, reagents, and scientific feedback to V. Stévenin during the revision period., ANR-15-CE15-0017,StopBugEntry,Identification des nouvelles molécules cellulaires cibles pour combattre les infections bactériennes(2015), ANR-15-CE15-0018,AutoHostPath,Rôles alternatifs pour les récepteurs de l'autophagie dans les interactions hôte-pathogène(2015), ANR-10-INBS-0004,France-BioImaging,Développment d'une infrastructure française distribuée coordonnée(2010), European Project: 682809,EndoSubvert(2017), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]
Subjects: Salmonella typhimurium, magnetic extraction, 0301 basic medicine, Salmonella, Vesicle fusion, Synaptosomal-Associated Protein 25, spacious vacuole-associated tubules (SVAT), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Vacuole, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Article, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Cytosol, proteomics, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, Macropinosome, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Pathogen, membrane rupture, Qa-SNARE Proteins, membrane trafficking, vesicle fusion, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, Salmonella-containing vacuole, 030104 developmental biology, macropinosome, lcsh:Biology (General), SNARE, Salmonella Infections, Vacuoles, Caco-2 Cells, compartmental size control, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Intracellular, Bacteria, HeLa Cells
Abstract: Summary Salmonella is a human and animal pathogen that causes gastro-enteric diseases. The key to Salmonella infection is its entry into intestinal epithelial cells, where the bacterium resides within a Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV). Salmonella entry also induces the formation of empty macropinosomes, distinct from the SCV, in the vicinity of the entering bacteria. A few minutes after its formation, the SCV increases in size through fusions with the surrounding macropinosomes. Salmonella also induces membrane tubules that emanate from the SCV and lead to SCV shrinkage. Here, we show that these antipodal events are utilized by Salmonella to either establish a vacuolar niche or to be released into the cytosol by SCV rupture. We identify the molecular machinery underlying dynamic SCV growth and shrinkage. In particular, the SNARE proteins SNAP25 and STX4 participate in SCV inflation by fusion with macropinosomes. Thus, host compartment size control emerges as a pathogen strategy for intracellular niche regulation., Graphical Abstract, Highlights • The early SCV simultaneously grows and shrinks through fusion and tubule formation • SCV shrinkage promotes vacuolar rupture and cytosolic release • IAMs are enriched in the host SNAREs SNAP25 and STX4, enabling IAM-SCV fusion • Promoting SNX1-mediated tubule formation, SopB fosters SCV ruptures, When infecting epithelial cells, Salmonella can reside and replicate within vacuolar or cytosolic niches. These co-existing lifestyles provide alternative survival strategies for the bacteria. Stévenin et al. show that the balance between dynamic growth and shrinkage of the Salmonella-containing vacuole determines vacuolar maintenance or rupture and controls the pathogen niche.
Published: 2019

45. Zika virus epidemiology in Bolivia : A seroprevalence study in volunteer blood donors

Author: Xavier de Lamballerie, Thomas Jaenisch, Paola Mariela Saba Villarroel, Stéphane Priet, Laetitia Ninove, Boris Pastorino, Pierre Gallian, Elif Nurtop, Isabelle Leparc-Goffart, Jan Felix Drexler, Yelin Roca, Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centro Nacional de Enfermedades Tropicales [Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia] (CENETROP), Institute of Virology [Berlin, Germany] (Charité), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], German Centre for Infection Research [Berlin, Germany] (DZIF - Charité), Etablissement Français du Sang - Alpes-Méditerranée (EFS - Alpes-Méditerranée), Etablissement Français du Sang, Section Clinical Tropical Medicine [Heidelberg], Department of Infectious Diseases [Heidelberg, Germany], Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg]-Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées [Antenne Marseille] (IRBA), European Project: 734548,ZIKAlliance(2016), European Project: 653316,H2020,H2020-INFRAIA-2014-2015,EVAg(2015), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Etablissement Français du Sang [La Plaine Saint-Denis] (EFS), European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programmes ZIKAlliance and EVAg under grant agreements No 734548 and 653316, Dubois Frid, Caroline, A global alliance for Zika virus control and prevention - ZIKAlliance - 2016-10-01 - 2019-09-30 - 734548 - VALID, and European Virus Archive goes global - EVAg - - H20202015-04-01 - 2019-03-31 - 653316 - VALID
Subjects: RNA viruses, Male, Volunteers, 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Disease Vectors, Dengue virus, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Mosquitoes, Geographical locations, Zika virus, Dengue fever, Dengue, 0302 clinical medicine, Aedes aegypti, Aedes, Seroepidemiologic Studies, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Epidemiology, Medicine and Health Sciences, Mass Screening, Enzyme-linked immunoassays, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, biology, Zika Virus Infection, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Eukaryota, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Insects, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Infectious Diseases, Geography, Medical Microbiology, Viral Pathogens, Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Pathogens, Chikungunya virus, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Bolivia, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Arthropoda, Adolescent, lcsh:RC955-962, Alphaviruses, Immunology, 030231 tropical medicine, Mosquito Vectors, Research and Analysis Methods, Blood donors, Microbiology, Virus, Togaviruses, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, Seroprevalence, Immunoassays, Microbial Pathogens, Biology and life sciences, Flaviviruses, Organisms, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Immunity, lcsh:RA1-1270, South America, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Invertebrates, Insect Vectors, Health Care, Species Interactions, 030104 developmental biology, Immunologic Techniques, Chikungunya Fever, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, People and places
Abstract: Background Zika virus (ZIKV), was widely reported in Latin America and has been associated with neuropathologies, as microcephaly, but only few seroprevalence studies have been published to date. Our objective was to determine the seroprevalence amongst Bolivian blood donors and estimate the future potential circulation of the virus. Methodology A ZIKV seroprevalence study was conducted between December 2016 and April 2017 in 814 asymptomatic Bolivian volunteer blood donors residing in various eco-environments corresponding to contrasting entomological activities. It was based on detection of IgG to ZIKV using NS1 ELISA screening, followed by a seroneutralisation test in case of positive or equivocal ELISA result. Conclusions/Significance Analysis revealed that ZIKV circulation occurred in tropical areas (Beni: 39%; Santa Cruz de la Sierra: 21.5%) but not in highlands (~0% in Cochabamba, La Paz, Tarija). It was modulated by Aedes aegypti activity and the virus spread was not limited by previous immunity to dengue. Cases were geo-localised in a wide range of urban areas in Santa Cruz and Trinidad. No differences in seroprevalence related to gender or age-groups could be identified. It is concluded that ZIKV has been intensely circulating in the Beni region and has still a significant potential for propagating in the area of Santa Cruz., Author summary Zika virus (ZIKV) is a virus of African origin, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, and related to dengue and yellow fever virus. It was originally believed to be responsible for a mild febrile illness in Africa and South-east Asia. However, in recent years, ZIKV has been responsible for outbreaks in the Pacific Islands before massively spreading in Latin America and the Caribbean. On this occasion, ZIKV has unexpectedly been associated with non-vector transmission (i.e., sexual and mother-to-foetus transmission) and with severe complications such as foetal abnormalities (e.g. microcephaly) and Guillain-Barré syndromes. Little is known about the actual proportion of the populations infected by ZIKV in Latin America. Here, we report a seroprevalence data in this region, after studying 814 asymptomatic Bolivian volunteer blood donors residing in various eco-environments corresponding to contrasting entomological activities. We conclude that ZIKV has been circulating in Bolivian tropical areas but not in highlands, and that the epidemic has not been limited by previous immunity against dengue. Specific attention should be paid to the region of Santa Cruz, where the seroprevalence is still limited, but the density of Aedes aegypti populations makes plausible further spreading of the disease.
Published: 2018

46. Identification of fungal fossils and novel azaphilone pigments in ancient carbonised specimens of Hypoxylon fragiforme from forest soils of Châtillon-sur-Seine (Burgundy)

Author: Lucile Wendt, Robin Kretz, Sebastian Pfütze, Clément Menbrivès, Abolfazl Narmani, Kevin Becker, Manfred Rohde, Frank Surup, Christophe Petit, Michelle Elliott, Marc Stadler, Alain Giosa, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH (HZI), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), University of Tabriz [Tabriz], Archéologies environnementales, Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité (ArScAn), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris 8 Vincennes-Saint-Denis (UP8)-Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR Histoire de l'art et archéologie (UP1 UFR03), and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Secondary metabolite, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Orsellinic acid, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Mycology, Botany, medicine, Xylariales, Charcoal, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Phylogeny, Ecology, biology, Structure elucidation, Sordariomycetes, Biodiversity, 030108 mycology & parasitology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, Chemotaxonomy, Type species, chemistry, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Fungal stromata were recently discovered in association with charcoal and burnt soil aggregates during an archaeological survey in the Châtillon-sur-Seine forest massif. The wood and soil in the samples were dated to the medieval period (between 738 and 1411 AD). Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed that a few of the stromatal fragments still contained ascospores. Their macromorphological characters were described and secondary metabolite profiles were generated using high performance liquid chromatography with diode array and mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-DAD/MS). The combination of these two data lines then allowed species identification. Most of the fragments were assigned to Hypoxylon fragiforme, the type species of the Hypoxylaceae (Xylariales). Two further species whose stromata grew on the fossil charcoal could be tentatively identified as Jackrogersella cohaerens and (more tentatively) as Hypoxylon vogesiacum. These three species are still commonly encountered in the forests of Central Europe today. Furthermore, the HPLC-HRMS data of H. fragiforme suggested the presence of unknown azaphilone dimers and of further new pigments. These archaeological compounds were compared to fresh stromata of H. fragiforme collected in Germany and subjected to the same analytical protocol. While the major components in both samples were identified as the known mitorubrin type azaphilones and orsellinic acid, the chemical structures of seven novel complex azaphilone pigments, for which we propose the trivial names rutilins C-D and fragirubrins A-E, were elucidated using spectral methods (NMR and CD spectroscopy, high resolution mass spectrometry). It appears that these pigments had indeed persisted for millennia in the fossil stromata.
Published: 2018

47. HBV Bypasses the Innate Immune Response and Does Not Protect HCV From Antiviral Activity of Interferon

Author: Agnese Restuccia, Peter Schemmer, Ralf Bartenschlager, Silke Bender, Stefan Seitz, Katrin Schöneweis, Florian A. Lempp, Pascal Mutz, Ronald Koschny, Thomas Tu, Jamie Frankish, Thomas F. Baumert, Bingqian Qu, Marco Binder, Stephan Urban, Katrin Hoffmann, Christopher Dächert, Philippe Metz, Benjamin Schusser, Georgios Polychronidis, Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques (IVH), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Heidelberg University, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], L'Institut hospitalo-universitaire de Strasbourg (IHU Strasbourg), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-l'Institut de Recherche contre les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif (IRCAD)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-La Fédération des Crédits Mutuels Centre Est (FCMCE)-L'Association pour la Recherche contre le Cancer (ARC)-La société Karl STORZ, Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, and univOAK, Archive ouverte
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, HBsAg, PRR, Aucun, Hepacivirus, Virus Replication, medicine.disease_cause, Hepatocytes/drug effects/*immunology/virology, Interferon, Hepacivirus/drug effects/genetics/*immunology, Coinfection, Interferon-stimulated Gene, RIG-I, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Gastroenterology, Coinfection/drug therapy/immunology/virology, virus diseases, prr, Antiviral Agents/*pharmacology, cccDNA, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, ddc, 3. Good health, Hepatitis B virus/drug effects/genetics/*immunology, rig-i, Liver, HBeAg, Liver/cytology/immunology/virology, Hepatitis B/drug therapy/immunology/virology, medicine.drug, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Médecine humaine et pathologie, Biology, Antiviral Agents, Interferons/*pharmacology, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, medicine, Humans, Innate/*immunology, Virus Replication/drug effects, Hepatology, Immunity, Viral/drug effects/immunology, DNA, Virology, Immunity, Innate, digestive system diseases, 030104 developmental biology, Viral replication, DNA, Viral, Hepatocytes, Interferons, Hepatitis C/drug therapy/immunology/virology, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Background & Aims Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is sensitive to interferon (IFN)-based therapy, whereas hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is not. It is unclear whether HBV escapes detection by the IFN-mediated immune response or actively suppresses it. Moreover, little is known on how HBV and HCV influence each other in coinfected cells. We investigated interactions between HBV and the IFN-mediated immune response using HepaRG cells and primary human hepatocytes (PHHs). We analyzed the effects of HBV on HCV replication, and vice versa, at the single-cell level. Methods PHHs were isolated from liver resection tissues from HBV-, HCV-, and human immunodeficiency virus–negative patients. Differentiated HepaRG cells overexpressing the HBV receptor sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (dHepaRGNTCP) and PHHs were infected with HBV. Huh7.5 cells were transfected with circular HBV DNA genomes resembling viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), and subsequently infected with HCV; this served as a model of HBV and HCV coinfection. Cells were incubated with IFN inducers, or IFNs, and antiviral response and viral replication were analyzed by immune fluorescence, reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and flow cytometry. Results HBV infection of dHepaRGNTCP cells and PHHs neither activated nor inhibited signaling via pattern recognition receptors. Incubation of dHepaRGNTCP cells and PHHs with IFN had little effect on HBV replication or levels of cccDNA. HBV infection of these cells did not inhibit JAK-STAT signaling or up-regulation of IFN-stimulated genes. In coinfected cells, HBV did not prevent IFN-induced suppression of HCV replication. Conclusions In dHepaRGNTCP cells and PHHs, HBV evades the induction of IFN and IFN-induced antiviral effects. HBV infection does not rescue HCV from the IFN-mediated response.
Published: 2018

48. Critical challenges and emerging opportunities in hepatitis C virus research in an era of potent antiviral therapy: Considerations for scientists and funding agencies

Author: Ralf Bartenschlager, Brett D. Lindenbach, Thomas Pietschmann, Jens Bukh, Volker Lohmann, Charles M. Rice, Robert Thimme, Takaji Wakita, Darius Moradpour, Michael Houghton, Thomas F. Baumert, Stanley M. Lemon, German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Institut de Recherche sur les Maladies Virales et Hépatiques (IVH), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), L'Institut hospitalo-universitaire de Strasbourg (IHU Strasbourg), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-l'Institut de Recherche contre les Cancers de l'Appareil Digestif (IRCAD)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-La Fédération des Crédits Mutuels Centre Est (FCMCE)-L'Association pour la Recherche contre le Cancer (ARC)-La société Karl STORZ, Nouvel Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg, University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), University of Alberta, University of North Carolina [Chapel Hill] (UNC), University of North Carolina System (UNC), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Heidelberg University, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Rockefeller University [New York], University of Freiburg [Freiburg], National Institute of Infectious Diseases [Tokyo], univOAK, Archive ouverte, and TwinCore, Zentrum für experimentelle und klinische Infektionsforchung GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Str.7, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Immune reconstitution, Cancer Research, Drug Resistance, Aucun, Hepacivirus, Antiviral Agents/pharmacology/therapeutic use, medicine.disease_cause, Hepacivirus/drug effects/physiology, HCV vaccine, Capital Financing, Translational Research, Biomedical, Liver disease, Chronic/drug therapy/prevention and control/*virology, Viral, Translational Medical Research, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Direct acting antiviral therapy, Antiviral therapy, Hepatitis C, Research Personnel, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Workforce, Public Health, medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatitis C virus, Biology, Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]/Médecine humaine et pathologie, Hcv vaccine, Antiviral Agents, Virus, Antiviral Agents/pharmacology, Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use, Drug Resistance, Viral, Hepacivirus/drug effects, Hepacivirus/physiology, Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy, Hepatitis C, Chronic/prevention & control, Hepatitis C, Chronic/virology, Humans, Research/economics, Research/manpower, Viral Vaccines/immunology, HCV research funding, 03 medical and health sciences, Chronic hepatitis, Virology, medicine, Intensive care medicine, Research, Viral Vaccines, Hepatitis C, Chronic, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Cancer risk, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: The development and clinical implementation of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has revolutionized the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Infection with any hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype can now be eliminated in more than 95% of patients with short courses of all-oral, well-tolerated drugs, even in those with advanced liver disease and liver transplant recipients. DAAs have proven so successful that some now consider HCV amenable to eradication, and continued research on the virus of little remaining medical relevance. However, given 400,000 HCV-related deaths annually important challenges remain, including identifying those who are infected, providing access to treatment and reducing its costs. Moreover, HCV infection rarely induces sterilizing immunity, and those who have been cured with DAAs remain at risk for reinfection. Thus, it is very unlikely that global eradication and elimination of the cancer risk associated with HCV infection can be achieved without a vaccine, yet research in that direction receives little attention. Further, over the past two decades HCV research has spearheaded numerous fundamental discoveries in the fields of molecular and cell biology, immunology and microbiology. It will continue to do so, given the unique opportunities afforded by the reagents and knowledge base that have been generated in the development and clinical application of DAAs. Considering these critical challenges and new opportunities, we conclude that funding for HCV research must be sustained.
Published: 2018

49. Development of a Bead-Based Multiplex Assay for the Analysis of the Serological Response against the Six Pathogens HAV, HBV, HCV, CMV, T. gondii, and H. pylori

Author: Angela Filomena, Darragh Duffy, Manas K. Akmatov, Gérard Krause, Thomas O. Joos, Barbara Gärtner, Frank Pessler, Matthew L. Albert, Nicole Schneiderhan-Marra, Markus Gerhard, Natural and Medical Sciences Institute [Reutlingen] (NMI), Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research [Hanover] (TWINCORE), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine [Hanover], Translational Infrastructure Epidemiology [Hanover], German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Immunobiologie des Cellules dendritiques, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Translationnelle - Center for Translational Science (CRT), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Institut für Mikrobiologie und Hygiene [Homburg/Saar], Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Part of this work was supported by the European Commission FP7 project SPHINX (grant reference no. 261365). We thank Hannelore Meyer and Luca Formichella, Technical University of Munich, for sending the samples for the H. pylori assay., European Project: 261365,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,SPHINX(2010), Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Inhoffenstr.7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany., Vougny, Marie-Christine, Spontaneous clearance in Patients acutely infected with HCV - Immune profiling, Novel biomarkers and X-omics approaches - SPHINX - - EC:FP7:HEALTH2010-11-01 - 2014-04-30 - 261365 - VALID, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), and Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbH, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Hepatitis C virus, Population, Biomedical Engineering, Toxoplasma gondii, Bioengineering, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Virus, Article, lcsh:Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Seroprevalence, Multiplex, hepatitis, 030212 general & internal medicine, education, lcsh:Science, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Hepatitis, Hepatitis B virus, education.field_of_study, serotest, seroprevalence, Helicobacter pylori, business.industry, Hepatitis A, medicine.disease, Virology, 3. Good health, multiplex, 030104 developmental biology, multi-pathogen assay, lcsh:Biology (General), lcsh:QD1-999, cytomegalovirus (CMV), [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, lcsh:Q, business, Biotechnology
Abstract: International audience; The spread of infectious diseases and vaccination history are common subjects of epidemiological and immunological research studies. Multiplexed serological assays are useful tools for assessing both current and previous infections as well as vaccination efficacy. We developed a serological multi-pathogen assay for hepatitis A, B and C virus, cytomegalovirus (CMV), Toxoplasma gondii, and Helicobacter pylori using a bead-based multiplex assay format. The multi-pathogen assay consisting of 15 antigens was utilized for the analysis of the serological response in elderly individuals of an influenza vaccination study (n = 34). The technical assay validation revealed a mean intra-assay precision of coefficient of variation (CV) = 3.2 ± 1.5% and a mean inter-assay precision of CV = 8.2 ± 5.3% across all 15 antigens and all tested samples, indicating a robust test system. Furthermore, the assay shows high sensitivities (ranging between 94% and 100%) and specificities (ranging between 93% and 100%) for the different pathogens. The highest seroprevalence rates in our cohort were observed for hepatitis A virus (HAV; 73.5%), followed by CMV (70.6%), T. gondii (67.6%) and H. pylori (32.4%). Seroprevalences for hepatitis B virus (HBV, 8.8%) and hepatitis C virus (HCV, 0%) were low. The seroprevalences observed in our study were similar to those from other population-based studies in Germany. In summary, we conclude that our multiplex serological assay represents a suitable tool for epidemiological studies.
Published: 2017

50. SC83288 is a clinical development candidate for the treatment of severe malaria

Author: Vicky M. Avery, Cecilia P. Sanchez, Stefanie K. Fehler, Henri Vial, Roman Rösemann, Thomas D. Otto, Michael Lanzer, Maëlle Duffey, Yulin Wang, Roland Baumgartner, Leonardo Lucantoni, Stefan Strobl, Dominique Mazier, Stefano Pegoraro, Alicia Moreno-Sabater, 4SC AG, Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge], 4SC Discovery, Griffith University [Brisbane], Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Service de Parasitologie - Mycologie [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Dynamique des interactions membranaires normales et pathologiques (DIMNP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Science, 030106 microbiology, General Physics and Astronomy, Safety margin, Nod, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Amicarbalide, parasitic diseases, Medicine, Severe Malaria, Mode of action, Multidisciplinary, biology, business.industry, Plasmodium falciparum, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Falciparum infection, Immunology, business, Scid mouse model, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Severe malaria is a life-threatening complication of an infection with the protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum, which requires immediate treatment. Safety and efficacy concerns with currently used drugs accentuate the need for new chemotherapeutic options against severe malaria. Here we describe a medicinal chemistry program starting from amicarbalide that led to two compounds with optimized pharmacological and antiparasitic properties. SC81458 and the clinical development candidate, SC83288, are fast-acting compounds that can cure a P. falciparum infection in a humanized NOD/SCID mouse model system. Detailed preclinical pharmacokinetic and toxicological studies reveal no observable drawbacks. Ultra-deep sequencing of resistant parasites identifies the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transporting PfATP6 as a putative determinant of resistance to SC81458 and SC83288. Features, such as fast parasite killing, good safety margin, a potentially novel mode of action and a distinct chemotype support the clinical development of SC83288, as an intravenous application for the treatment of severe malaria.
Published: 2017

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Region

Database

Publisher

1,722 results on '"German Centre for Infection Research ( DZIF )"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources