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274 results on '"German, Dwight C."'

11. The NINDS Parkinsonʼs Disease Biomarkers Program

Author

Rosenthal, Liana S., Drake, Daniel, Alcalay, Roy N., Babcock, Debra, Bowman, DuBois F., Chen-Plotkin, Alice, Dawson, Ted M., Dewey, Richard B., Jr., German, Dwight C., Huang, Xuemei, Landin, Barry, McAuliffe, Matthew, Petyuk, Vladislav A., Scherzer, Clemens R., St. Hillaire-Clarke, Coryse, Sieber, Beth-Anne, Sutherland, Margaret, Tarn, Chi, West, Andrew, Vaillancourt, David, Zhang, Jing, and Gwinn, Katrina

Published
2016
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20. Double-knockout mice for [alpha]- and [beta]-synucleins: effect on synaptic functions

Author

Chandra, Sreeganga, Fornai, Francesco, Kwon, Hyung-Bae, Yazdani, Umar, Atasoy, Deniz, Liu, Xinran, Hammer, Robert E., Battaglia, Giuseppe, German, Dwight C., Castillo, Pablo E., and Sudhof, Thomas C.

Subjects
Proteins -- Research, Science and technology
Abstract

An abundant presynaptic protein, [alpha]-synuclein, is centrally involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. However, conflicting data exist about the normal function of [alpha]-synuclein, possibly because [alpha]-synuclein is redundant with the very similar [beta]-synuclein. To investigate the functions of synucleins systematically, we have now generated single- and double-knockout (KO) mice that lack [alpha]- and/or [beta]-synuclein. We find that deletion of synucleins in mice does not impair basic brain functions or survival. We detected no significant changes in the ultrastructure of synuclein-deficient synapses, in short- or long-term synaptic plasticity, or in the pool size or replenishment of recycling synaptic vesicles. However, protein quantitations revealed that KO of synucleins caused selective changes in two small synaptic signaling proteins, complexins and 14-3-3 proteins. Moreover, we found that dopamine levels in the brains of double-KO but not single-KO mice were decreased by [approximately equal to] 20%. In contrast, serotonin levels were unchanged, and dopamine uptake and release from isolated nerve terminals were normal. These results show that synudeins are not essential components of the basic machinery for neurotransmitter release but may contribute to the long-term regulation and/or maintenance of presynaptic function.

Published
2004

38. A Search for Blood Biomarkers for Autism: Peptoids

Author

Zaman, Sayed, primary, Yazdani, Umar, additional, Deng, Yan, additional, Li, Wenhao, additional, Gadad, Bharathi S., additional, Hynan, Linda, additional, Karp, David, additional, Roatch, Nichole, additional, Schutte, Claire, additional, Nathan Marti, C., additional, Hewitson, Laura, additional, and German, Dwight C., additional

Published
2016
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39. Neuropathology and Animal Models of Autism: Genetic and Environmental Factors

Author

Gadad, Bharathi S., Hewitson, Laura, Young, Keith A., and German, Dwight C.

Subjects
Article Subject, mental disorders, behavioral disciplines and activities
Abstract

Autism is a heterogeneous behaviorally defined neurodevelopmental disorder. It is defined by the presence of marked social deficits, specific language abnormalities, and stereotyped repetitive patterns of behavior. Because of the variability in the behavioral phenotype of the disorder among patients, the term autism spectrum disorder has been established. In the first part of this review, we provide an overview of neuropathological findings from studies of autism postmortem brains and identify the cerebellum as one of the key brain regions that can play a role in the autism phenotype. We review research findings that indicate possible links between the environment and autism including the role of mercury and immune-related factors. Because both genes and environment can alter the structure of the developing brain in different ways, it is not surprising that there is heterogeneity in the behavioral and neuropathological phenotypes of autism spectrum disorders. Finally, we describe animal models of autism that occur following insertion of different autism-related genes and exposure to environmental factors, highlighting those models which exhibit both autism-like behavior and neuropathology.

Published
2013
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42. Validation of a Serum Screen for Alzheimer's Disease Across Assay Platforms, Species, and Tissues

Author

O'Bryant, Sid E., primary, Xiao, Guanghua, additional, Zhang, Fan, additional, Edwards, Melissa, additional, German, Dwight C., additional, Yin, Xiangling, additional, Como, Tori, additional, Reisch, Joan, additional, Huebinger, Ryan M., additional, Graff-Radford, Neill, additional, Dickson, Dennis, additional, Barber, Robert, additional, Hall, James, additional, O'Suilleabhain, Padraig, additional, and Grammas, Paula, additional

Published
2014
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