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1. Adiabatic inspirals under electromagnetic radiation reaction on Kerr spacetime

Author

German, Ethan J, Cunningham, Kevin, Balakumar, Visakan, Warburton, Niels, and Dolan, Sam R

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

A compact body in orbit about a black hole loses orbital energy and angular momentum through radiation-reaction processes, inspiralling towards the black hole until a final plunge. Here we consider a scenario with a charged compact body in which fluxes of electromagnetic radiation drive this inspiral. We calculate trajectories in the $(p,e)$ plane for inspirals in the equatorial plane of a rotating black hole within the adiabatic (orbital-averaged-dissipative) approximation. We make comparisons with a non-relativistic Keplerian approximation based on the Abraham-Lorentz force law, and with standard gravitational-wave driven scenarios. We find that EM-driven inspirals are less efficiently circularized (i.e. orbits remain more eccentric at the point of plunge) than their gravitational counterparts, and we quantify the effect of black hole spin., Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures

Published
2023

5. Melioidose avec arthrite septique chez une patiente de retour de voyage

Author

Waters, Mara, Avery, Ellen G., German, Greg J., Krajden, Sigmund, and Chen, Yan

Subjects
Imipenem, Arthritis, Telmisartan, Health
Abstract

Une femme de 64 ans s'est presentee aux services des urgences d'un hopital de Toronto (Ontario) en raison d'une douleur a la cheville gauche et de fievre, apparues 3 jours [...]

Published
2024
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6. Melioidosis with septic arthritis in a returning traveler

Author

Waters, Mara, Avery, Ellen G., German, Greg J., Krajden, Sigmund, and Chen, Yan

Subjects
Ankle -- Injuries, Pseudomonas infections -- Complications and side effects -- Care and treatment, Infectious arthritis -- Risk factors -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment, Arthritis, Infectious -- Risk factors -- Diagnosis -- Care and treatment, Health
Abstract

A 64-year-old woman presented to the emergency department of a hospital in Toronto, Ontario, with 3 days of left ankle pain and fever. She had a history of diabetes, hypertension [...]

Published
2024
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7. The Histopathological Characteristic of Gastric Carcinoma in the Belgian Tervueren and Groenendael Dog: A Comparison of Two Classification Methods

Author

Kijan, Christina, Hugen, Sanne, Thomas, Rachel E, Oberbauer, Anita M, Leegwater, Peter AJ, Fieten, Hille, German, Alexander J, and Mandigers, Paul JJ

Subjects
Veterinary Sciences, Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Digestive Diseases, Rare Diseases, Cancer, Good Health and Well Being, stomach, carcinoma, canine, pathology, Belgian Shepherd dog, Tervueren, Groenendael, Environmental Science and Management, Zoology, Animal Production, Animal production, Veterinary sciences
Abstract

Gastric carcinoma is generally considered to be a rare disease in dogs, carrying a grave prognosis. However, in the Tervueren and Groenendael varieties of the Belgian Shepherd dog breed, the disease is highly prevalent. While histopathology is the gold standard for diagnosing gastric carcinoma, there is no general consensus on the methods for histological classification in these cases. Biopsies of a group of 61 dogs with confirmed gastric carcinoma (45 Tervueren and 16 Groenendael) were examined and classified according to World Health Organization (WHO) and Laurén classifications. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to compare survival between the different subtypes and simple and multiple linear regression were used to analyse the association between age of onset and breed variant, sex, neuter status, location of the tumour, inflammation score, and Laurén and WHO classifications. Mean age at diagnosis was significantly different in Groenendael (10.1 ± 2.01) and Tervueren dogs (8.5 ± 1.90). The Laurén classification resulted in 29 (48%) diffuse- and 32 (52%) intestinal-type tumours. Applying the WHO classification resulted in 30 (49%) tubular carcinoma growth patterns and 31 (51%) others. Median survival time was significantly reduced for the diffuse type as compared to the intestinal type according to the Laurén classification, with the same median survival time results for tubular compared to non-tubular subtypes according to the WHO classification (median survival time of 61 vs. 182 days, respectively). Using the WHO and Lauren classification on tumour biopsies may help the practising clinician in the prognostication of gastric carcinoma in Tervueren and Groenendael dogs.

Published
2023

9. Improving access to exome sequencing in a medically underserved population through the Texome Project

Author

Mao, Dongxue, Kim, Seon Young, Pasupuleti, Sasidhar, Liu, Zhandong, Yamamoto, Shinya, Vuocolo, Blake, German, Ryan J., Lalani, Seema R., Murali, Chaya N., Bacino, Carlos A., Baskin, Stephanie, Littlejohn, Rebecca, Odom, John D., McLean, Scott, Schmid, Carrie, Nutter, Morgan, Stuebben, Melissa, Magness, Emily, Juarez, Olivia, El Achi, Dina, Mitchell, Bailey, Glinton, Kevin E., Robak, Laurie, Nagamani, Sandesh C.S., Saba, Lisa, Ritenour, Adasia, Zhang, Lilei, Streff, Haley, Chan, Katie, Kemere, K. Jordan, Carter, Kent, Owen, Nichole, Vossaert, Liesbeth, Liu, Pengfei, Bellen, Hugo, and Wangler, Michael F.

Published
2024
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12. Immunoglobulin A N-glycosylation Presents Important Body Fluid-specific Variations in Lactating Mothers*[S]

Author

Goonatilleke, Elisha, Smilowitz, Jennifer T, Mariño, Karina V, German, Bruce J, Lebrilla, Carlito B, and Barboza, Mariana

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Biological Sciences, Pediatric, Female, Glycosylation, Humans, Immunoglobulin A, Immunoglobulin A, Secretory, Lactation, Milk, Human, Plasma, Polysaccharides, Saliva, N-glycosylation, breast milk, chromatography, glycomics, immunoglobulin A, lactation, mass spectrometry, plasma or serum analysis, saliva, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abstract

Secretory Immunoglobulin A (SIgA) is central to mucosal immunity: represents one of the main immunological mechanisms of defense against the potential attack of pathogens. During lactation SIgA is produced by plasmablasts in the mammary gland and is present in breast milk, playing a vital role in the passive immunity of the newborn. Interestingly, the different components of SIgA are highly N-glycosylated, and these N-Glycans have an essential role in health maintenance. In this work, we performed a glycomic study to compare N-glycosylation of SIgA purified from mature breast milk and saliva, and plasma IgA from the same lactating participants. Our results revealed a greater diversity than previously reported, with 89 glycan compositions that may correspond to over 250 structures. Among these glycans, 54 glycan compositions were characterized as body-fluid specific. Most of these unique N-Glycan compositions identified in SIgA from mature milk and IgA from plasma were fucosylated and both fucosylated and sialylated species, whereas in salivary SIgA the unique structures were mainly undecorated complex N-Glycans. In addition, we evaluated the effect of delivery mode on (S)IgA glycosylation. Lactating participants who had given birth by vaginal delivery presented an increased proportion of high mannose and fucosylated glycans in salivary SIgA, and selected high mannose, fucosylated, sialylated, and both fucosylated and sialylated glycans in plasma IgA, indicating that the hormonal changes during vaginal delivery could affect plasma and saliva IgA. These results reveal the structural details that provide a new dimension to the roles of (S)IgA N-Glycans in different tissues, and especially in maternal and new-born protection and infant development. The design of optimal recombinant IgA molecules specifically targeted to protect mucosal surfaces will need to include this dimension of structural detail.

Published
2019

14. One Health Genomic Analysis of Extended-Spectrum [beta]-Lactamase-Producing Salmonella enterica, Canada, 2012-2016

Author

Bharat, Amrita, Mataseje, Laura, Parmley, E. Jane, Avery, Brent P., Cox, Graham, Carson, Carolee A., Irwin, Rebecca J., Deckert, Anne E., Daignault, Danielle, Alexander, David C., Allen, Vanessa, Bailey, Sameh El, Bekal, Sadjia, German, Greg J., Haldane, David, Hoang, Linda, Chui, Linda, Minion, Jessica, Zahariadis, George, Reid-Smith, Richard J., and Mulvey, Michael R.

Subjects
Drug resistance in microorganisms -- Genetic aspects, Salmonella -- Identification and classification -- Genetic aspects, Salmonellosis -- Risk factors -- Causes of, Health
Abstract

Nontyphoidal Salmonella is a leading cause of foodbome diarrheal illness. There were an estimated 535,000 human cases of invasive infection with nontyphoidal Salmonella and 59,100 deaths in 2017 globally (2,2). [...]

Published
2022
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15. Improving access to exome sequencing in a medically underserved population through the Texome Project

Author

Vuocolo, Blake, primary, German, Ryan J., additional, Lalani, Seema R., additional, Murali, Chaya N., additional, Bacino, Carlos A., additional, Baskin, Stephanie, additional, Littlejohn, Rebecca, additional, Odom, John D., additional, McLean, Scott, additional, Schmid, Carrie, additional, Nutter, Morgan, additional, Stuebben, Melissa, additional, Magness, Emily, additional, Juarez, Olivia, additional, El Achi, Dina, additional, Mitchell, Bailey, additional, Glinton, Kevin E., additional, Robak, Laurie, additional, Nagamani, Sandesh C.S., additional, Saba, Lisa, additional, Ritenour, Adasia, additional, Zhang, Lilei, additional, Streff, Haley, additional, Chan, Katie, additional, Kemere, K. Jordan, additional, Carter, Kent, additional, Mao, Dongxue, additional, Kim, Seon Young, additional, Pasupuleti, Sasidhar, additional, Liu, Zhandong, additional, Yamamoto, Shinya, additional, Owen, Nichole, additional, Vossaert, Liesbeth, additional, Liu, Pengfei, additional, Bellen, Hugo, additional, and Wangler, Michael F., additional

Published
2024
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20. Introduction

Author

Woods-Lee, Georgia, primary, Chandler, Marge, additional, and German, Alexander J, additional

Published
2022
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21. Contributors

Author

Chandler, Marge, primary, German, Alexander J., additional, and Woods, Georgia, additional

Published
2022
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24. Association between convalescent plasma treatment and mortality in COVID-19: a collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Author

Cathrine Axfors, Perrine Janiaud, Andreas M. Schmitt, Janneke van’t Hooft, Emily R. Smith, Noah A. Haber, Akin Abayomi, Manal Abduljalil, Abdulkarim Abdulrahman, Yeny Acosta-Ampudia, Manuela Aguilar-Guisado, Farah Al-Beidh, Marissa M. Alejandria, Rachelle N. Alfonso, Mohammad Ali, Manaf AlQahtani, Alaa AlZamrooni, Juan-Manuel Anaya, Mark Angelo C. Ang, Ismael F. Aomar, Luis E. Argumanis, Alexander Averyanov, Vladimir P. Baklaushev, Olga Balionis, Thomas Benfield, Scott Berry, Nadia Birocco, Lynn B. Bonifacio, Asha C. Bowen, Abbie Bown, Carlos Cabello-Gutierrez, Bernardo Camacho, Adrian Camacho-Ortiz, Sally Campbell-Lee, Damon H. Cao, Ana Cardesa, Jose M. Carnate, German Jr. J. Castillo, Rossana Cavallo, Fazle R. Chowdhury, Forhad U. H. Chowdhury, Giovannino Ciccone, Antonella Cingolani, Fresthel Monica M. Climacosa, Veerle Compernolle, Carlo Francisco N. Cortez, Abel Costa Neto, Sergio D’Antico, James Daly, Franca Danielle, Joshua S. Davis, Francesco Giuseppe De Rosa, Justin T. Denholm, Claudia M. Denkinger, Daniel Desmecht, Juan C. Díaz-Coronado, Juan A. Díaz Ponce-Medrano, Anne-Françoise Donneau, Teresita E. Dumagay, Susanna Dunachie, Cecile C. Dungog, Olufemi Erinoso, Ivy Mae S. Escasa, Lise J. Estcourt, Amy Evans, Agnes L. M. Evasan, Christian J. Fareli, Veronica Fernandez-Sanchez, Claudia Galassi, Juan E. Gallo, Patricia J. Garcia, Patricia L. Garcia, Jesus A. Garcia, Mutien Garigliany, Elvira Garza-Gonzalez, Deonne Thaddeus V. Gauiran, Paula A. Gaviria García, Jose-Antonio Giron-Gonzalez, David Gómez-Almaguer, Anthony C. Gordon, André Gothot, Jeser Santiago Grass Guaqueta, Cameron Green, David Grimaldi, Naomi E. Hammond, Heli Harvala, Francisco M. Heralde, Jesica Herrick, Alisa M. Higgins, Thomas E. Hills, Jennifer Hines, Karin Holm, Ashraful Hoque, Eric Hoste, Jose M. Ignacio, Alexander V. Ivanov, Maike Janssen, Jeffrey H. Jennings, Vivekanand Jha, Ruby Anne N. King, Jens Kjeldsen-Kragh, Paul Klenerman, Aditya Kotecha, Fiorella Krapp, Luciana Labanca, Emma Laing, Mona Landin-Olsson, Pierre-François Laterre, Lyn-Li Lim, Jodor Lim, Oskar Ljungquist, Jorge M. Llaca-Díaz, Concepción López-Robles, Salvador López-Cárdenas, Ileana Lopez-Plaza, Josephine Anne C. Lucero, Maria Lundgren, Juan Macías, Sandy C. Maganito, Anna Flor G. Malundo, Rubén D. Manrique, Paola M. Manzini, Miguel Marcos, Ignacio Marquez, Francisco Javier Martínez-Marcos, Ana M. Mata, Colin J. McArthur, Zoe K. McQuilten, Bryan J. McVerry, David K. Menon, Geert Meyfroidt, Ma. Angelina L. Mirasol, Benoît Misset, James S. Molton, Alric V. Mondragon, Diana M. Monsalve, Parastoo Moradi Choghakabodi, Susan C. Morpeth, Paul R. Mouncey, Michel Moutschen, Carsten Müller-Tidow, Erin Murphy, Tome Najdovski, Alistair D. Nichol, Henrik Nielsen, Richard M. Novak, Matthew V. N. O’Sullivan, Julian Olalla, Akin Osibogun, Bodunrin Osikomaiya, Salvador Oyonarte, Juan M. Pardo-Oviedo, Mahesh C. Patel, David L. Paterson, Carlos A. Peña-Perez, Angel A. Perez-Calatayud, Eduardo Pérez-Alba, Anastasia Perkina, Naomi Perry, Mandana Pouladzadeh, Inmaculada Poyato, David J. Price, Anne Kristine H. Quero, Md. M. Rahman, Md. S. Rahman, Mayur Ramesh, Carolina Ramírez-Santana, Magnus Rasmussen, Megan A. Rees, Eduardo Rego, Jason A. Roberts, David J. Roberts, Yhojan Rodríguez, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, Benjamin A. Rogers, Manuel Rojas, Alberto Romero, Kathryn M. Rowan, Fabio Saccona, Mehdi Safdarian, Maria Clariza M. Santos, Joe Sasadeusz, Gitana Scozzari, Manu Shankar-Hari, Gorav Sharma, Thomas Snelling, Alonso Soto, Pedrito Y. Tagayuna, Amy Tang, Geneva Tatem, Luciana Teofili, Steven Y. C. Tong, Alexis F. Turgeon, Januario D. Veloso, Balasubramanian Venkatesh, Yanet Ventura-Enriquez, Steve A. Webb, Lothar Wiese, Christian Wikén, Erica M. Wood, Gaukhar M. Yusubalieva, Kai Zacharowski, Ryan Zarychanski, Nina Khanna, David Moher, Steven N. Goodman, John P. A. Ioannidis, and Lars G. Hemkens

Subjects
Meta-analysis, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Convalescent plasma, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Abstract Background Convalescent plasma has been widely used to treat COVID-19 and is under investigation in numerous randomized clinical trials, but results are publicly available only for a small number of trials. The objective of this study was to assess the benefits of convalescent plasma treatment compared to placebo or no treatment and all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19, using data from all available randomized clinical trials, including unpublished and ongoing trials (Open Science Framework, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/GEHFX ). Methods In this collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis, clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform), the Cochrane COVID-19 register, the LOVE database, and PubMed were searched until April 8, 2021. Investigators of trials registered by March 1, 2021, without published results were contacted via email. Eligible were ongoing, discontinued and completed randomized clinical trials that compared convalescent plasma with placebo or no treatment in COVID-19 patients, regardless of setting or treatment schedule. Aggregated mortality data were extracted from publications or provided by investigators of unpublished trials and combined using the Hartung–Knapp–Sidik–Jonkman random effects model. We investigated the contribution of unpublished trials to the overall evidence. Results A total of 16,477 patients were included in 33 trials (20 unpublished with 3190 patients, 13 published with 13,287 patients). 32 trials enrolled only hospitalized patients (including 3 with only intensive care unit patients). Risk of bias was low for 29/33 trials. Of 8495 patients who received convalescent plasma, 1997 died (23%), and of 7982 control patients, 1952 died (24%). The combined risk ratio for all-cause mortality was 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.92; 1.02) with between-study heterogeneity not beyond chance (I2 = 0%). The RECOVERY trial had 69.8% and the unpublished evidence 25.3% of the weight in the meta-analysis. Conclusions Convalescent plasma treatment of patients with COVID-19 did not reduce all-cause mortality. These results provide strong evidence that convalescent plasma treatment for patients with COVID-19 should not be used outside of randomized trials. Evidence synthesis from collaborations among trial investigators can inform both evidence generation and evidence application in patient care.

Published
2021
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30. So, are vegan foods really healthier for dogs?

Author

German, Alexander J. and Barrett-Jolley, Richard

Subjects
VEGANISM, DOGS, ANIMAL feeding behavior, ANIMAL health, HEALTH status indicators
Abstract

The article focuses on the minimal associations between feeding a vegan diet to dogs and their health, based on a reanalysis of previous data which found no significant health benefits compared to conventional diets. It critically evaluates earlier studies and highlights that despite some differences in health metrics, there is no conclusive evidence that a vegan diet is superior.

Published
2024
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36. Association between convalescent plasma treatment and mortality in COVID-19: a collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Author

Axfors, Cathrine, Janiaud, Perrine, Schmitt, Andreas M., van’t Hooft, Janneke, Smith, Emily R., Haber, Noah A., Abayomi, Akin, Abduljalil, Manal, Abdulrahman, Abdulkarim, Acosta-Ampudia, Yeny, Aguilar-Guisado, Manuela, Al-Beidh, Farah, Alejandria, Marissa M., Alfonso, Rachelle N., Ali, Mohammad, AlQahtani, Manaf, AlZamrooni, Alaa, Anaya, Juan-Manuel, Ang, Mark Angelo C., Aomar, Ismael F., Argumanis, Luis E., Averyanov, Alexander, Baklaushev, Vladimir P., Balionis, Olga, Benfield, Thomas, Berry, Scott, Birocco, Nadia, Bonifacio, Lynn B., Bowen, Asha C., Bown, Abbie, Cabello-Gutierrez, Carlos, Camacho, Bernardo, Camacho-Ortiz, Adrian, Campbell-Lee, Sally, Cao, Damon H., Cardesa, Ana, Carnate, Jose M., Castillo, German Jr. J., Cavallo, Rossana, Chowdhury, Fazle R., Chowdhury, Forhad U. H., Ciccone, Giovannino, Cingolani, Antonella, Climacosa, Fresthel Monica M., Compernolle, Veerle, Cortez, Carlo Francisco N., Costa Neto, Abel, D’Antico, Sergio, Daly, James, Danielle, Franca, Davis, Joshua S., De Rosa, Francesco Giuseppe, Denholm, Justin T., Denkinger, Claudia M., Desmecht, Daniel, Díaz-Coronado, Juan C., Díaz Ponce-Medrano, Juan A., Donneau, Anne-Françoise, Dumagay, Teresita E., Dunachie, Susanna, Dungog, Cecile C., Erinoso, Olufemi, Escasa, Ivy Mae S., Estcourt, Lise J., Evans, Amy, Evasan, Agnes L. M., Fareli, Christian J., Fernandez-Sanchez, Veronica, Galassi, Claudia, Gallo, Juan E., Garcia, Patricia J., Garcia, Patricia L., Garcia, Jesus A., Garigliany, Mutien, Garza-Gonzalez, Elvira, Gauiran, Deonne Thaddeus V., Gaviria García, Paula A., Giron-Gonzalez, Jose-Antonio, Gómez-Almaguer, David, Gordon, Anthony C., Gothot, André, Grass Guaqueta, Jeser Santiago, Green, Cameron, Grimaldi, David, Hammond, Naomi E., Harvala, Heli, Heralde, Francisco M., Herrick, Jesica, Higgins, Alisa M., Hills, Thomas E., Hines, Jennifer, Holm, Karin, Hoque, Ashraful, Hoste, Eric, Ignacio, Jose M., Ivanov, Alexander V., Janssen, Maike, Jennings, Jeffrey H., Jha, Vivekanand, King, Ruby Anne N., Kjeldsen-Kragh, Jens, Klenerman, Paul, Kotecha, Aditya, Krapp, Fiorella, Labanca, Luciana, Laing, Emma, Landin-Olsson, Mona, Laterre, Pierre-François, Lim, Lyn-Li, Lim, Jodor, Ljungquist, Oskar, Llaca-Díaz, Jorge M., López-Robles, Concepción, López-Cárdenas, Salvador, Lopez-Plaza, Ileana, Lucero, Josephine Anne C., Lundgren, Maria, Macías, Juan, Maganito, Sandy C., Malundo, Anna Flor G., Manrique, Rubén D., Manzini, Paola M., Marcos, Miguel, Marquez, Ignacio, Martínez-Marcos, Francisco Javier, Mata, Ana M., McArthur, Colin J., McQuilten, Zoe K., McVerry, Bryan J., Menon, David K., Meyfroidt, Geert, Mirasol, Ma. Angelina L., Misset, Benoît, Molton, James S., Mondragon, Alric V., Monsalve, Diana M., Moradi Choghakabodi, Parastoo, Morpeth, Susan C., Mouncey, Paul R., Moutschen, Michel, Müller-Tidow, Carsten, Murphy, Erin, Najdovski, Tome, Nichol, Alistair D., Nielsen, Henrik, Novak, Richard M., O’Sullivan, Matthew V. N., Olalla, Julian, Osibogun, Akin, Osikomaiya, Bodunrin, Oyonarte, Salvador, Pardo-Oviedo, Juan M., Patel, Mahesh C., Paterson, David L., Peña-Perez, Carlos A., Perez-Calatayud, Angel A., Pérez-Alba, Eduardo, Perkina, Anastasia, Perry, Naomi, Pouladzadeh, Mandana, Poyato, Inmaculada, Price, David J., Quero, Anne Kristine H., Rahman, Md. M., Rahman, Md. S., Ramesh, Mayur, Ramírez-Santana, Carolina, Rasmussen, Magnus, Rees, Megan A., Rego, Eduardo, Roberts, Jason A., Roberts, David J., Rodríguez, Yhojan, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Rogers, Benjamin A., Rojas, Manuel, Romero, Alberto, Rowan, Kathryn M., Saccona, Fabio, Safdarian, Mehdi, Santos, Maria Clariza M., Sasadeusz, Joe, Scozzari, Gitana, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Sharma, Gorav, Snelling, Thomas, Soto, Alonso, Tagayuna, Pedrito Y., Tang, Amy, Tatem, Geneva, Teofili, Luciana, Tong, Steven Y. C., Turgeon, Alexis F., Veloso, Januario D., Venkatesh, Balasubramanian, Ventura-Enriquez, Yanet, Webb, Steve A., Wiese, Lothar, Wikén, Christian, Wood, Erica M., Yusubalieva, Gaukhar M., Zacharowski, Kai, Zarychanski, Ryan, Khanna, Nina, Moher, David, Goodman, Steven N., Ioannidis, John P. A., and Hemkens, Lars G.

Published
2021
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38. Influence of Lexical Factors on Word-Finding Accuracy, Error Patterns, and Substitution Types

Author

Newman, Rochelle S., German, Diane J., and Jagielko, Jennifer R.

Abstract

This retrospective, exploratory investigation examined the types of target words that 66 children with/without word-finding difficulties (WFD) had difficulty naming, and the types of errors they made. Words were studied with reference to lexical factors (LFs) that might influence naming performance: word frequency, familiarity, length, phonotactic probability, and lexical neighborhood. For the most part, LFs similarly affected the word finding of children with/without WFD. Target word frequency predicted word-finding success for both groups, and word substitutions and error patterns were affected by the LFs under study. Children tended to produce substitutions that were shorter and higher in frequency, neighborhood frequency, and phonotactic probability than the target word. LFs also influenced children's error patterns. Low word frequency led to form-related blocked errors for both groups, and low neighborhood frequency predicted form- and segment-related phonologic errors for children with WFD only. Theoretical and practical implications of these preliminary findings are discussed.

Published
2018
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41. Cross-sectional United Kingdom surveys demonstrate that owners and veterinary professionals differ in their perceptions of preventive and treatment healthcare needs in ageing dogs.

Author

Wallis, Lisa J., Radford, Alan D., Belshaw, Zoe, Jackson, Jodie, Kubinyi, Eniko, German, Alexander J., and Westgarth, Carri

Subjects
DOGS, DOG owners, VETERINARY medicine, ANIMAL health technicians, PROFESSIONAL employees, ANIMAL specialists, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Perceptions of dog owners and veterinary professionals (surgeons/nurses) can influence the preventive healthcare and treatment provided to dogs, especially at the senior life-stage, when chronic diseases become more common. This study compared perceptions of healthcare of dogs as they age between dog owners and veterinary professionals. Data from two online surveys (owners: N = 633, veterinary professionals: N = 305) examined perceived need for veterinary visits and vaccinations. In addition, 48 clinical signs were rated on perceived prevalence (whether owners' dogs had experienced them) and how urgently they should seek veterinary advice. Groups were compared using descriptive statistics and chi-square. Owners most often believed a 'healthy' senior dog (>7 years) should go to the vet once a year (47% owners vs. 25% veterinary professionals, p < 0.001), compared with veterinary professionals every 6 months (39 vs. 73%). A minority (14%) of owners would just take the dog 'if they got sick' but only 2% of veterinary professionals advised this, and 16% of owners of dogs of all ages had not had any contact with their veterinary practise in the previous year. Nearly all veterinary professionals (92%) believed that senior/geriatric dogs should receive yearly vaccinations. However, 28% of owners' dogs of all ages were not vaccinated in the previous year and, of these, 33% did not believe that older dogs need vaccinations. Only 10% of dogs considered 'old' by their owners had attended a senior wellness clinic or examination, despite 14% of practises offering them. The three most common clinical signs reported by owners were slowing down on walks (57%), dental tartar (53%) and being stiff on rising (50%). Owners perceived urgency to seek veterinary care was lower if they had experienced the clinical sign before. In the current study, dog owners and veterinary professionals differed in their opinions about the need for veterinary care, suggesting new educational initiatives, and more effective communication is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Novel hemizygous single‐nucleotide duplication in RPGR in a patient with retinal dystrophy and sensorineural hearing loss.

Author

German, Ryan J., Vuocolo, Blake, Vossaert, Liesbeth, Owen, Nichole, Lewis, Richard A., Saba, Lisa, Wangler, Michael F., and Nagamani, Sandesh

Subjects
*DYSTROPHY, *SENSORINEURAL hearing loss, *RETINAL degeneration, *MEDICALLY underserved persons, *DIAGNOSIS, *RETINAL diseases
Abstract

Background: The RPGR gene has been associated with X‐linked cone‐rod dystrophy. This report describes a variant in RPGR detected with exome sequencing (ES). Genes like RPGR have not always been included in panel‐based testing and thus genome‐wide tests such as ES may be required for accurate diagnosis. Methods: The Texome Project is studying the impact of ES in medically underserved patients who are in need of genomic testing to guide diagnosis and medical management. The hypothesis is that ES could uncover diagnoses not made by standard medical care. Results: A 58‐year‐old male presented with retinitis pigmentosa, sensorineural hearing loss, and a family history of retinal diseases. A previous targeted gene panel for retinal disorders had not identified a molecular cause. ES through the Texome Project identified a novel, hemizygous variant in RPGR (NM_000328.3: c.1302dup, p.L435Sfs*18) that explained the ocular phenotype. Conclusions: Continued genetics evaluation can help to end diagnostic odysseys of patients. Careful consideration of genes represented when utilizing gene panels is crucial to ensure an accurate diagnosis. Medically underserved populations are less likely to receive comprehensive genetic testing in their diagnostic workup. Our report is an example of the medical impact of genomic medicine implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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43. Status of countrywide laboratory services quality and capacity in primary healthcare facilities in Tanzania: Findings from Star Rating Assessment

Author

Kinyenje, Erick, primary, Ngowi, Ruth R., additional, Msigwa, Yohanes S., additional, Hokororo, Joseph C., additional, Yahya, Talhiya A., additional, German, Chrisogone J., additional, Mawazo, Akili, additional, Mohamed, Mohamed A., additional, Nassoro, Omary A., additional, Degeh, Mbwana M., additional, Bahegwa, Radenta P., additional, Marandu, Laura E., additional, Mwaisengela, Syabo M., additional, Mwanginde, Lutengano W., additional, Makala, Robert, additional, and Eliakimu, Eliudi S., additional

Published
2023
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