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Resumen Se presentó el desarrollo de una aplicación basada en gamificación para el apoyo en la implementación de un sistema de gestión de activos iso 55000 en Codensa. Se muestra la aplicación Energy Assets, la cual se planteó como una estrategia para introducir los conceptos sobre sistemas de gestión de activos iso 55000 y sobre la Resolución 15 de 2018 de la Comisión de Regulación de Energía y Gas (creg) que da el mandato de implementación de la norma. Se presenta la metodología a partir de la cual se diseñaron los ocho niveles del juego donde se tratan los conceptos básicos sobre los sistemas de gestión de activos, el ciclo de vida de un activo y las disposiciones generales de la Resolución 15 de 2018 de la creg. Para el desarrollo de las diferentes preguntas incluidas en cada nivel, se aplicaron múltiples estrategias, como selección única, selección múltiple, asociación de conceptos y completar definiciones. Finalmente, se destaca cómo la gamificación es una estrategia digital para apoyar el objetivo de certificación iso 55000 de Codensa y, en general, para involucrar a sus colaboradores en proyectos de interés general. Abstract This paper presents the development of a gamification-based mobile app to support the implementation of an iso 55000 asset management system in Codensa. The Energy Assets mobile app, proposed as a strategy to introduce the concepts of the iso 55000 asset management systems and the creg 015 resolution, which gives the mandate for the implementation of the standard, is shown. The methodology, from which the eight (8) levels of the game were designed, is presented, and the basic concepts of asset management systems, the life cycle of an asset, and the general provisions of creg resolution 015 are discussed. For the development of the different questions included in each level, multiple strategies were applied, such as single selection, multiple selection, association of concepts, and completing definitions. Finally, gamification as a digital strategy to support Codensa's iso 55000 certification objective, and in general to involve its collaborators in projects of general interest, is highlighted.

Resumen Se presentó el desarrollo de una plataforma de ciberseguridad para vehículos aéreos no tripulados (uav, por sus siglas en inglés) o drones según la tecnología cyber-deception. Esta tecnología tiene como fundamento la creación deliberada de señuelos (honeypots) de fácil acceso y detección para detectar potenciales intrusos en el perímetro de una infraestructura crítica. Se explicó el modelo conceptual de la solución propuesta y la descripción detallada de cada uno de los procedimientos desarrollados, se implementó una metodología de desarrollo tecnológico, se llevaron a cabo procedimientos para la creación de señuelos en redes inalámbricas wifi y en bandas de radiofrecuencia (rf), y se incluyó la aproximación al desarrollo de un procedimiento de gps Spoofing. Este último fue explorado usando un equipo de radio definido por software (sdr, por sus siglas en inglés) para la suplantación de señales gps que permite la implementación de estrategias de defensa contra drones atacantes. Finalmente, se describe la plataforma web para monitorear los señuelos activos y para registrar los intentos de penetración. Estos registros de intento de penetración se almacenan en una blockchain desarrollada según la tecnología Ethereum. Se encontró que las redes inalámbricas wifi y de RF poseen vulnerabilidades que pueden ser explotadas por potenciales atacantes. También que el procedimiento gps Spoofing es mucho más complejo que los procedimientos por redes inalámbricas, pero que permitiría tomar acción sobre drones atacantes. Abstract This document presents the development of a cybersecurity platform for unmanned aerial vehicles (uav), or drones, based on cyber-deception technology. This technology is based on the deliberate creation of easily accessible and detectable decoys (or honeypots) to detect potential intruders at the perimeter of a critical infrastructure. This document contains an explanation of the conceptual model of the proposed solution, and a detailed description of each of the developed procedures. A technological development methodology was implemented in this paper. Also, procedures were developed for the creation of honeypots in Wi-Fi wireless networks and in radio frequency bands, and the approach to the development of a gps spoofing procedure was included. The latter was explored using software defined radio equipment (sdr) for the impersonation of gps signals, which allows for the implementation of defense strategies against attacking drones. Finally, a web platform to monitor active decoys, and to register penetration attempts, is described. These penetration attempt records are stored in a blockchain, developed with basis on Ethereum technology. It was found that Wi-Fi and radio frequency wireless networks have vulnerabilities that can be exploited by potential attackers. Also, that the gps spoofing procedure is much more complex than procedures by wireless networks, but it would allow to take action on attacking drones.

The electrical infrastructure has certain assets which have been underused, commonly named as dead assets, such as the light, distribution, and transformer poles. This infrastructure can be exploited with short-range 5G base stations, a technology which is expected to arrive soon, as a strategy to implement new 5G IoT networks and new smart city services. This project proposes the development of a smart city Hub which uses the dead electrical infrastructure with the purpose of offering technological services based on 5G. The Hub 5G is intended to integrate applications from different domains and industries, and at the same time, use open data sources to expose integrated services to the community where the Hub is located. The Hub provides a smart digital ecosystem for connected people, data, things, and services, a requirement for nowadays’ solutions. This initiative enables the application of technologies for society and the reinforcement of collaborative strategies between different industries and public and private sectors.

Dadas las diferencias entreactivos físicos y activos de TI (también llamados activos digitales), se propone una metodología para gestionar la obsolescencia de los activos digitales, que busca apoyar la toma de decisiones basado en el riesgo de obsolescencia. El objetivo es identificar la probabilidad y el impacto de la obsolescencia sobre cada activo para determinar las acciones que deben ejecutarse.Se implementaron algunos pasos de la metodología en cuatro activos digitales que se emplean en el sector eléctrico colombiano. La metodología puede ser usada y adaptada por cualquier empresa para gestionar losactivos de TI, ya sea hardware o software

En este artículo se presenta la implementación de una variedad de nodos lógicos (NLs) de sistemas de generación basados en recursos energéticos distribuidos (DER), en una placa electrónica (o SBC) que permite la adquisición y empaquetamiento de señales analógicas de un arreglo fotovoltaico con baterías, con base en el estándar IEC 61850-7-420. Para esto, se usa una placa electrónica SBC (Single Board Computer) integrada con una tarjeta de conversión análogo digital (ADC) que permite la lectura de los valores analógicos del sistema. La SBC se comunica con la tarjeta ADC para empaquetar los datos leídos dentro de los objetos de datos propios del estándar IEC 61850, usando el nodo lógico (NL) respectivo. Se usó una librería con licencia abierta para la creación del servidor IEC 61850 en la placa electrónica, y el driver del fabricante de la tarjeta ADC para comunicar las dos tarjetas efectivamente. Lo que se busca con este trabajo es el desarrollo de nodos lógicos (NLs) para recursos energéticos distribuidos (DER), de tal forma que los fabricantes de tecnologías de generación basadas en fuentes renovables, como la solar y/o la eólica, incorporen los equipos electrónicos inteligentes (IED) y los controladores de acuerdo con la extensión del estándar para estos nodos lógicos. Se presentan las pruebas de comunicación de la implementación realizada y los resultados obtenidos.

A wide area protection scheme can integrate adaptive protections through Ethernet communication links within power systems infrastructure. This integration permits the implementation of a decentralized control where each IED has the ability to change its own protections parameters when it detects a change in the electric grid topology. This topology change is provoked by fault occurrences that imply the operation outage of some line of the power system. In this work, the behavior of a SEL 421 protection device subscribed to GOOSE messages published by other IED in the network is exhibit. Those GOOSE messages indicate the relay operation and the opening of the line breaker, and then immediately change its protection parameters to others more adequate programmed in the relay configuration groups. Each configuration group has defined parameters for some power system topologies of the implemented electric grid. This process is accomplished through the emulation of a power system with an OP4510 real time simulation platform and a communications network that integrates IEDs operating under the standard IEC 61850. In this way, a contribution about the incorporation of these technologies with the mentioned standard is performed by virtue to increase the experiences concerning to the implementation and automation of digital substations in Colombia.

The arrival of the IoT has benefited multiple industrial sectors; one of them is the electrical industry. It makes the IoT an attractive platform for the smart grid, because it improves the monitoring, analysis, availability, autonomy, and control of grid systems, from distribution to transmission. In this work, it is proposed the Electrical Internet of Things – EIoT, a platform for the data management in electrical systems. The EIoT platform relies on the LPWAN technologies to connect electrical things geographically distributed. This approach attempts to cover Fire Protection Systems in Substations, Control and Monitoring for the Demand Management, Electrical Asset Management, and Intelligent Power Management and Monitoring in Refrigerators applications, but other smart grid applications fit as well. The EIoT platform implemented LoRa, a LPWAN technology, and its LoRaWAN protocol to connect electrical elements remotely in a first stage. The prototyping phase of the EIoT platform was developed using Mbed-enabled LoRa nodes coupled to electrical elements with the corresponding instrumentation, a LoRaWAN network, and a custom application server; then, all the components of an IoT network were considered. Some results of the implementation are presented, which demonstrate the suitability of the EIoT platform to address several applications of the electrical industry. The results also expose promising opportunities to deal with data processing and analytics, integrate more IoT protocols, and consolidate a complete IoT ecosystem in the electrical industry and the smart grids in further researches.

The Industry 4.0 demands a change ofparadigm for the automation engineering and some new requirements that has to be accomplished like data integration, big data processing, semantics, communication protocols, and standardization. The interoperability is another essential concept, it is a key for the development of the Industry 4.0. This work presents a semantic approach to model automation systems through an ontology, and its applicability in industrial automation networks using OPC UA. The Automation I4.0 Ontology, the model proposed in this project, provides a semantic tool to represent high-, middle, and low-level concepts of automation systems, and offers a way to integrate directly in software applications and semantic-based communications protocols such as OPC UA. It demonstrates the suitability of the semantic-based automation systems to be implemented by semantic-based or object-based communication protocols in Industry 4.0 applications. This initiative intends to empower the development of the Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things for the automation engineering.

La investigación pretende identificar las variables que influyen en el aumento de riesgos por explosiones en minas de carbón subterráneas, especialmente en la acumulación del polvo de carbón en la parte superior de los sostenimientos, además de analizar cómo influyen estos en las pérdidas de carga del circuito de ventilación y la correcta evacuación del polvo de carbón. Dicho análisis se realizó mediante visitas guiadas de campo a la Mina Nechí (Municipio de Amagá, Antioquia) donde se observó que el polvo de carbón se acumula más significativamente en las puertas de madera que en los arcos de acero, se procedió a simular diferentes geometrías del sostenimiento y la cantidad de estos con el fin de determinar cuál geometría contribuye a disminuir las pérdidas de carga. Una vez analizados los diferentes escenarios, la geometría que optimiza el circuito de ventilación es la que se ha denominado geometría Circular 2, la cual presenta reducciones en las pérdidas de carga de hasta un 14.67% respecto a las otras geometrías analizadas bajo las mismas condiciones. Con esto se proponen alternativas más eficientes para optimizar el circuito de ventilación y garantizar condiciones de higiene y seguridad para los trabajadores al interior de las minas. The research aims to identify the variables which influence on the increase of risk for explosions in underground coal mines, especially in the accumulation of coal dust on top of the fortification, as well as analyze how these affect the load losses in the ventilation circuit and the proper evacuation of coal dust. This analysis was carried out by a guide field visits to Nechí Mine (Municipality Amagá, Antioquia) where it was observed that the coal dust accumulated significantly in the wooden doors that in the steel arches, we proceeded to simulate different geometries of fortification and the amount of these for the purpose to determine which is the geometry that contributes to reducing the load losses. After analyzing the different scenarios, the geometry that optimizes the ventilation circuit has been called geometry Circular 2, which shows reduction in load losses of up to 14.67% compared to other geometries analyzed under the same conditions. Whit this, are proposed alternatives more efficient to optimize the ventilation circuit and ensure health and safety conditions for workers inside the mine.

Scheduling maintenance activities in an electric transmission system has become a constant concern given the need to perform optimal interventions to extend its use while preserving the reliability of the system, without affecting its availability and stability, and at the same time, reducing its costs and environmental impact. This paper has its inception with a planning strategy defined for this equipment that determines how often each of these required resources should have preventing maintenance in order to properly perform their activities. Having this information as input, a maintenance schedule is planned, considering an estimate of climate conditions, resource availability, the topology of the system and the potential lack of availability of assets that are owned by other companies, but that are connected to the transmission system in site. Following this, an optimization algorithm is presented, inspired in the biology of an ant's colony and integrated with a model of Petri nets with the purpose of finding an optimal solution that includes the decrease of computer analysis time and guaranteeing the fulfilment of all temporary and topological restrictions of the system.

This paper presents the initial phase of the approach and implementation of a prototype of virtual infrastructure for teaching and lab development in the areas of Industrial Automation and Industrial Communications. The proposed prototype allows remote lab practice using: internet, VMware virtualization and management through Netlab. It allows easy and permanent access to the automation software and hardware necessary for an adequate student experience with real devices. En este artículo presenta la fase inicial del planteamiento e implementación de un prototipo de infraestructura virtual para la enseñanza y el desarrollo de laboratorios en las áreas de Automatización Industrial y Comunicaciones Industriales. El prototipo propuesto permite que las prácticas sean desarrolladas remotamente mediante el uso de Internet, la virtualización de VMware y la gestión a través NetLab, lo que permite un acceso fácil y permanente al software de automatización y los materiales necesarios para una adecuada experiencia de los estudiantes con los dispositivos reales.