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2. A common framework for developing robust soil fauna classifications

Author

Hedde, Mickael, Blight, Olivier, Briones, Maria J.I., Bonfanti, Jonathan, Brauman, Alain, Brondani, Margot, Calderón Sanou, Irene, Clause, Julia, Conti, Erminia, Cortet, Jérôme, Decaëns, Thibaud, Erktan, Amandine, Gérard, Sylvain, Goulpeau, Arnaud, Iannelli, Maeva, Joimel-Boulanger, Sophie, Jouquet, Pascal, Le Guillarme, Nicolas, Marsden, Claire, Martinez Almoyna, Camille, Mulder, Christian, Perrin, William, Pétillon, Julien, Pey, Benjamin, Potapov, Anton M., Si-moussi, Sara, Thuiller, Wilfried, Trap, Jean, Vergnes, Alan, Zaitsev, Andrey, and Capowiez, Yvan

Published
2022
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3. Soil BON Earthworm: A global initiative on earthworm distribution, traits, and spatiotemporal diversity patterns

Author

Ganault, Pierre, Ristok, Christian, Phillips, Helen, Hedde, Mickael, Capowiez, Yvan, Bottinelli, Nicolas, Decaëns, Thibaud, Marchan, Daniel, Gerard, Sylvain, Mathieu, Jérôme, Potapov, Anton M., Cameron, Erin K., Brown, George, Bartz, Marie L. C., Zeiss, Romy, Zi, Yacouba, Tsiafouli, Maria A., Russell, David J., Guerra, Carlos A., Eisenhauer, Nico, Ganault, Pierre, Ristok, Christian, Phillips, Helen, Hedde, Mickael, Capowiez, Yvan, Bottinelli, Nicolas, Decaëns, Thibaud, Marchan, Daniel, Gerard, Sylvain, Mathieu, Jérôme, Potapov, Anton M., Cameron, Erin K., Brown, George, Bartz, Marie L. C., Zeiss, Romy, Zi, Yacouba, Tsiafouli, Maria A., Russell, David J., Guerra, Carlos A., and Eisenhauer, Nico

Abstract

Recent research on earthworms has shed light on their global distribution, with high alpha richness in temperate zones and high beta diversity in tropical areas. Climate and agricultural practices, notably plowing and conservation methods, were shown to strongly influence earthworm communities. However, data gaps persist in regions like North Australia, Asia, Russia, and Africa, limiting our understanding of earthworm distribution and their responses to global changes. Understanding changes within earthworm communities is crucial given their profound influence on ecosystem functions such as soil structure, nutrient dynamics, and plant growth. Classifying earthworms into functional groups remains complex, prompting the adoption of a trait-based approach for a more comprehensive classification, but there is no representative global data on earthworm traits. To address these knowledge gaps, the Soil BON Earthworm initiative aims at creating a global community of earthworm experts, standardizing sampling methods and databases, collecting time series data on earthworm communities, and modeling future earthworm distributions under different climate scenarios. The initiative aims to address key questions, such as the dynamic of earthworm communities over time and their response to environmental factors and anthropogenic influences, their impact on ecosystem functioning, and the redefinition of functional groups based on traits. The consortium invites researchers worldwide to contribute to this endeavor and encourages the resampling of study sites, to expand currently limited time series datasets. To facilitate data collection, standardized protocols and data templates are proposed, ensuring data quality and interoperability. Furthermore, the initiative intends to make use of citizen science in expanding observations and improving taxonomic coverage, highlighting platforms like iNaturalist for community engagement. Soil BON Earthworm seeks to unite global expertise and fost

Published
2024

5. Understanding the diversification and functional radiation of Aporrectodea (Crassiclitellata, Lumbricidae) through molecular phylogenetics of its endemic species

Author

Fernández Marchán, Daniel, Martínez Navarro, Alejandro, Jiménez Pinadero, Sergio, Gerard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Domínguez, Jorge, Decaëns, Thibaud, Novo Rodríguez, Marta, Fernández Marchán, Daniel, Martínez Navarro, Alejandro, Jiménez Pinadero, Sergio, Gerard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, Domínguez, Jorge, Decaëns, Thibaud, and Novo Rodríguez, Marta

Abstract

The genus Aporrectodea includes some of the most conspicuous earthworm species, but its taxonomic history is among the most complex within the family Lumbricidae. Molecular phylogenetic studies have produced some advances by assigning former Aporrectodea species to other monophyletic clades and by detecting species level lineages within the cosmopolitan caliginosa-trapezoides complex. However, little attention has been devoted to endemic taxa of Aporrectodea such as Ap. rubra, Ap. arverna, Ap. gogna, Ap. balisa, Ap. velox, Ap. giardi voconca and Ap. longa ripicola. These earthworms (and additional populations of Ap. longa and Ap. nocturna) were included in a molecular phylogenetic framework in order to reconstruct the ancestral range of the genus, as well as to help understand its diversification within its native range and to perform a systematic revision. Species delimitation, ancestral area reconstruction and Bayesian inference of the phylogenetic relationships were performed using a large gene sequence (COI) dataset and a narrower dataset composed of 5 mitochondrial and nuclear markers. Phylogenetic position and species delimitation indicated that Ap. giardi voconca and Ap. longa ripicola constitute species-level entities not closely related to Ap. giardi or Ap. longa, and they were thus redescribed as Aporrectodea voconca stat. nov. and Aporrectodea ripicola stat. nov. Ancestral area reconstruction enabled location of the origin of Aporrectodea in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alps, in Southeastern France. The study findings provide some insight into the evolution of functional traits in this ecologically successful genus. Ap. rubra and Ap. arverna (small, reddish, epigeic/epianecic) and Ap. gogna (very large, dark, anecic) were recovered as the earliest branching taxa, suggesting a complex evolution of functional traits within this genus., Xunta de Galicia .Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria. Secretaria Xeral de Universidades, MInisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades/Campus France, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades/Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)/Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI), Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Fac. de Ciencias Biológicas, TRUE, pub

Published
2023

6. Scherotheca albina Marchan & Decaens 2023, SP

Author

Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Novo, Marta, Domínguez, Jorge, Silva, Alberto Da, Martínez, Alejandro, Gerard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, and Decaëns, Thibaud

Subjects
Annelida, Scherotheca, Crassiclitellata, Animalia, Clitellata, Biodiversity, Lumbricidae, Taxonomy, Scherotheca albina
Abstract

SCHEROTHECA ALBINA MARCHÁN & DECAËNS SP. NOV. (FIGS 2 A, 3 G, H, 4) Table 3. Continued . 1214.31311.310.211.216.311.710.710.6 0 Zoobank registration: urn: lsid: zoobank. org:act: BDD2FFC5-C311-4CA5-B6C8-227910470E04. Type material: Holotype. France • adult; Occitanie, Hérault, le Soulié; latitude/longitude: 43.531 / 2.658; elevation: 853 masl; 06-May-2021;T.Decaëns, D.Fernández Marchán leg.; BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0572; deposited in the Musée national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Paratypes: France • five adult specimens, one subadult specimen; same data as holotype (four specimens); BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0573, DFM-0574, DFM-0575, DFM-0576; Occitanie, Hérault, Saint-Etienne-d’Albagnan; latitude/longitude: 43,543/2,86; elevation: 250 m asl; 14-Apr-2021; T. Decaëns, D. Fernández Marchán leg. (two specimens); BOLD Sample ID: DFM-0025, DFM-0026; specimens DFM-0573, DFM-0575, DFM-0576 deposited in Eco&Sols collection, Montpellier; DFM-0025, DFM-0026, DFM-0574 deposited at Musée national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. Etymology: The species name is derived from the lack of cutaneous pigmentation which characterize it by opposition to the usually pigmented continental species of Scherotheca. Treated as adjectival. Diagnosis: Scherotheca albina can be distinguished from Sc. rhodana (Bouché, 1972) (the most similar species) by the position of the clitellum (XXVII–XLI vs. (1/2 XXVI) 1/2 XXVII–1/2 XLII (1/2 XLIII)) and tubercula pubertatis (XXXI–1/n XLI vs. 1/n XXXII– XLI), by its smaller body size and by the absence of cutaneous pigmentation (Table 2). COI uncorrected average pairwise distances and topology of multilocus molecular phylogenetic trees supports the status of Sc. albina as independent from other morphologically related species. Description External morphology: Body pigmentation absent or faint brown in the anterior part of the body (Fig. 2a). Beige with whitish clitellum in fixed specimens (Fig. 3g, h). Average length 15.15 cm (13.16–17.2 cm, N = 2 adults); average diameter 0.64/0.73/ 0.59 cm (preclitellar/clitellar/postclitellar); body subcylindrical in cross-section, ventrally flattened; average number of segments 249 (244–253, N = 2 adults). Average weight (fixed specimens), 4.88 g (4.37–5.39 g, N = 2 adults). Prostomium epilobous, closed. Longitudinal furrows in segments I and II. Nephridial pores ‘en solfège’ (irregularly distributed). Spermathecal pores at intersegmental furrows 9/10–12/13(13/14). Male pores in segment XV, surrounded by a moderately developed porophore. Female pores in segment XIV. Clitellum saddle-shaped in segments XXVII–XLI. Tubercula pubertatis in segments XXXI–1/n XLI. Setae closely paired. Internal anatomy: Septa 5/6–10/11 thickened and muscular. Lateral hearts in segments VI–XI. Calciferous glands in segments X– XIV, with diverticula in segment X. Crop in segments XV–XVI, gizzard in segments XVII–XIX. Typhlosole pinnate. Male sexual system holandric, testes and funnels (not enclosed in testes sacs, but with sperm present) located ventrally in segments X and XI. Four pairs of reniform seminal vesicles in segments IX, X, XI and XII, the first two pairs being smaller. Ovaries and female funnels in segment XIII, ovarian receptacles (ovisacs) in segment XIV. Four or five pairs of small globular spermathecae in segments IX, X, XI, XII (XIII) (intersegments 9/10– 12/13(13/14)), simple. Nephridial bladders U-shaped, reclinate in segment XXX. Distribution and ecology: Scherotheca albina was found in the vicinities of the Regional Park of Haut-Languedoc, Hérault, Occitanie (Fig. 4), in managed grasslands surrounded by forests.

Published
2023
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7. Scherotheca haymozi Marchán, Novo, Domínguez, Silva, Martínez, Gerard, Hedde & Decaëns, 2023, COMB. NOV

Author

Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Novo, Marta, Domínguez, Jorge, Silva, Alberto Da, Martínez, Alejandro, Gerard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël, and Decaëns, Thibaud

Subjects
Annelida, Scherotheca, Crassiclitellata, Animalia, Clitellata, Biodiversity, Scherotheca haymozi, Lumbricidae, Taxonomy
Abstract

SCHEROTHECA HAYMOZI (ZICSI, 1977) COMB.NOV. Allolobophora haymozi Zicsi, 1977. Aporrectodea haymozi Zicsi, 1977: in Zicsi and Csuzdi, 1999. Aporrectodea haymoziformis Zicsi and Csuzdi, 1999. Remarks: The original descriptions of Al. haymozi and Ap. haymoziformis differ slightly in the position of the clitellum (XXXIII–1/2 XL, XL vs. 1/2 XXXIII, XXXIII, XXXIV–XL, XLI), tubercula pubertatis (XXXV, XXXVI–XL vs. 1/2 XXXIV, XXXIV–XL, 1/2 XLI) and spermathecae (XII, XIII, XIV vs. XI, XII, XIII, XIV). However, the results of the molecular phylogenetic analysis and COI genetic distances clearly indicate that these morphological differences correspond to intraspecific variability between different populations, as specimens fitting both descriptions showed a small genetic divergence. These justify considering Ap. haymoziformis as a junior synonym of Al. haymozi. The phylogenetic position of the species further justifies its placement within the genus Scherotheca (Fig. 1)., Published as part of Marchán, Daniel Fernández, Novo, Marta, Domínguez, Jorge, Silva, Alberto Da, Martínez, Alejandro, Gerard, Sylvain, Hedde, Mickaël & Decaëns, Thibaud, 2023, The best is yet to come: six new species within a largebodied earthworm genus (Scherotheca, Lumbricidae) in a densely sampled region (south-western France), pp. 802-820 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 198 (3) on page 816, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad002, http://zenodo.org/record/8147364

Published
2023
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