Search

The microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) catalyzes the transfer of triglyceride, cholesteryl ester, and phosphatidylcholine between phospholipid surfaces. The 97-kD subunit imparts lipid transfer activity and thus plays a role in the assembly of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins. We tested whether polymorphisms in the promoter region of the large subunit of the MTP gene might be related to different plasma lipid variables, atherosclerosis, and the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). We screened 838 bp in the promoter region of the MTP gene by PCR-SSCP and identified two polymorphisms at positions −400 (MTP/−400 (A→t)) and −164 (MTP/−164 (T→c)), the latter being situated on a putative sterol responsive element (SRE) consensus sequence. The two polymorphisms, investigated in 622 male patients with MI and in 728 age-matched controls participating in the ECTIM Study, were in nearly complete linkage disequilibrium (|D′| = ′0.98, less frequent alleles being preferentially associated, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies between patients with MI and controls. Moreover, no significant associations between the two promoter polymorphisms and several lipid variables measured in the control groups of the ECTIM Study or coronary artery stenosis, angiographically assessed in patients with MI, were detected. We conclude that these MTP polymorphisms are unrelated to lipid variables or coronary heart disease in this study.—Herrmann, S-M., O. Poirier, V. Nicaud, A. Evans, J-B. Ruidavets, G. Luc, D. Arveiler, C. Bao-Sheng, and F. Cambien. Identification of two polymorphisms in the promoter of the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) gene: lack of association with lipoprotein profiles. J. Lipid Res. 1998. 39: 2432–2435.

Oxathres proxima Monn��, 1976 (Fig. 7) Oxathres proxima Monn��, 1976: 587; 2005: 113 (cat). Known only by the female holotype from Satipo, Junin, Peru. Similar to O. navicula by the form of the prothorax and by the colour of the pubescence, but differs by the dense yellowish pubescence covering the sides of the prothorax and the basal half of the elytra. In O. navicula the pubescence of the prothorax is sparse and in the elytra is arranged in several longitudinal rows., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on page 25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002, {"references":["Monne, M. A. (1976) Revisao do genero Oxathres Bates, 1864 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Acanthocinini). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 36 (3), 585 - 593."]}

Oxathres guyanensis sp. nov. (Fig. 3) Description. Male. Integument predominantly brown-yellowish; antennomeres I – II, V,VII, IX – XI and apical half of III – IV, VI, VIII with integument dark brown, basal half of III – IV, VI, VIII with integument yellowish covered with whitish pubescence. Pronotum with integument dark brown and an ill-defined longitudinal median line of yellowish pubescence. Elytra densely covered with clear-brownish pubescence, in the basal half a rounded patch of dark-brown pubescence and in the apical half two transverse zigzag fascia of white-yellowish pubescence, each fascia composed by several spots. Femora, a median ring in the tibiae and the basal tarsomere covered with yellowish pubescence. Antennae reaching the apices of the elytra in the distal extreme of antennomere VII Prothorax laterally unarmed. Pronotum with a transverse row of punctures near the posterior margin. Elytra without longitudinal carinae near the suture; apices obliquely truncated, angles slightly produced. Surface moderately punctured in the basal fourth, more scattered in the distal third. Apex of urotergite rounded; urosternite shallowly semicircularly emarginated. Female. Antennae reaching the apices of the elytra in the base of antennomere VIII; apex of the urotergite and urosternite rounded. Measurements (mm), male/female. Total length, 7.8 / 8.7 – 9.8; prothorax length, 1.4 / 1.3 – 1.5; prothorax width, 2.0/ 1.9 – 2.5; elytral length, 5.5 / 5.5 – 7.5; humeral width, 2.6 / 2.8 – 3.4. Etymology. guyanensis, allusive to the name Guyane where the material was collected. Type material. Holotype male, FRENCH GUIANA, Remire, 26.IV. 1986, Christian Marschal leg., à vue, de jour, (ex-collection IRD [# 269], MNHN). Paratypes: Chemin Vidal, female, 11.VII. 1984, G. Tavakilian col. (excollection IRD, MNHN). Montjoly, female, 29.III. 1981, Michel Rémillet col. (ex-collection IRD, MNRJ). Fourgassié, female, 15.06. 1997, Jérôme Collgros, à vue, de jour, (ex-collection IRD, MNHN). Piste de Kaw, pk 36, female, 0 1.06. 1992, Jean-Aimé Cerda, à vue, de jour, (ex-collection IRD, MNHN). BRAZIL, Rondonia, 62km SW Ariquemes, Fazenda Rancho Grande, male, 8 – 20 XI 1994, J.E. Eger, L.B. & C.W. O'Brien col. (ACMT). Comments. O. guyanensis sp. nov. is similar to O. erotyloides Bates, by the sides of the prothorax unarmed and by the pattern of coloration and arrangement of patches.

Oxathres navicula Bates, 1864 (Fig. 5) Oxathres navicula Bates, 1864: 50; Monn��, 2005: 113 (cat.). Geographical distribution. Distributed in Venezuela, Ecuador, Brazil (Amazonas, Par��, Rond��nia, Mato Grosso) and Bolivia. Specimens examined. VENEZUELA, Monagas: 7 km N. Maturin, (200m), 2 females, 01.VIII. 1988, C.W. and L. O'Brien & G. Wibmer col. (ACMT). BRAZIL, Amazonas: Tabatinga, 6 females, XII. 1977, B. Silva col. Par��: Jacareacanga, 2 males, I. 1969, F. R. Barbosa col., same locality and collector, 2 males, 2 females, XI.1969, 4 males, 2 females, IV. 1970. ��bidos, male, female, IV. 1957, F. M. Oliveira col. Tucurui, 8 males, 4 females, I. 1980, B. Silva col. Rond��nia: Ariquemes, 2 males, female, XI. 1979, B. Silva col. Ouro Preto do Oeste, 2 females, X. 1983, O. Roppa, J. Becker & B. Silva col., same locality, 4 males, 2 females, X. 1986, O. Roppa, P. Magno & J. Becker col. Porto Velho (Santo Antonio), female, XI. 1943, A. Parko col. Vilhena, male, XI. 1972, Alvarenga & Roppa col. Mato Grosso: Sinop, 4 males, 5 females, XI. 1976, Roppa & Alvarenga col. All in MNRJ. BOLIVIA, Santa Cruz, 4 ��� 6km SSE Buena Vista, (Hotel Flora & Fauna), male, female, 27 ��� 29.X.2000, 1 male and 1 female; same data except: female, 1 ��� 15.III 2003, R. Clarke col. (ACMT)., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002, {"references":["Bates, H. W. (1864) Contributions to an insect fauna of the Amazon Valley. Coleoptera: Longicornes The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, (3) 13, 43 - 56.","Monne, M. A. (2005) Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae. Zootaxa, 1023, 1 - 759."]}

Oxathres sparsa Melzer, 1927 (Fig. 8) Oxathres sparsa Melzer, 1927: 575; Monn��, 2005: 113 (cat.); Monn�� et al., 2010: 245 (distr.). Geographical distribution. Brazil (Esp��rito Santo to S��o Paulo). Specimens examined. BRAZIL, Esp��rito Santo: Linhares (Parque Sooretama), female, X. 1967, F. M. Oliveira col. Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado), female, 23.XII. 1959, Alvarenga & Seabra col., female, XI. 1962, female, 11.I. 1963, male, 8.X. 1965, female, 2.XII. 1966, male, 30.IX. 1971, male, 1.X. 1975, Seabra & Monn�� col. (Floresta da Tijuca), female, 30.I. 1957, C. A. Campos Seabra col., male, I. 1961. (Represa Rio Grande), 2 males, X ��� XI. 1960, F. M. Oliveira col. Parque Nacional do Itatiaia (900 m), female, 1.XI. 1947, H. Zellibor col. Restinga de Marambaia, male, 28 ��� 30.X. 2010, M. V. P. Sim��es col. S��o Paulo: Jaragu��, male, 1.I. 1949, H. Zellibor col. All in MNRJ., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on page 25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002, {"references":["Melzer, J. (1927) Longicorneos (Col.) do Brasil, novos ou pouco conhecidos. Revista do Museu Paulista, 15 (1), 557 - 582.","Monne, M. A. (2005) Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae. Zootaxa, 1023, 1 - 759.","Monne, M. L., Monne, M. A., Martins, R. S., Simoes, M. V. P. & Machado, V. S. (2010) Especies de Cerambycidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) ocorrentes no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, 67 (3 - 4), 235 - 251."]}

Oxathres guyanensis sp. nov. (Fig. 3) Description. Male. Integument predominantly brown-yellowish; antennomeres I ��� II, V,VII, IX ��� XI and apical half of III ��� IV, VI, VIII with integument dark brown, basal half of III ��� IV, VI, VIII with integument yellowish covered with whitish pubescence. Pronotum with integument dark brown and an ill-defined longitudinal median line of yellowish pubescence. Elytra densely covered with clear-brownish pubescence, in the basal half a rounded patch of dark-brown pubescence and in the apical half two transverse zigzag fascia of white-yellowish pubescence, each fascia composed by several spots. Femora, a median ring in the tibiae and the basal tarsomere covered with yellowish pubescence. Antennae reaching the apices of the elytra in the distal extreme of antennomere VII Prothorax laterally unarmed. Pronotum with a transverse row of punctures near the posterior margin. Elytra without longitudinal carinae near the suture; apices obliquely truncated, angles slightly produced. Surface moderately punctured in the basal fourth, more scattered in the distal third. Apex of urotergite rounded; urosternite shallowly semicircularly emarginated. Female. Antennae reaching the apices of the elytra in the base of antennomere VIII; apex of the urotergite and urosternite rounded. Measurements (mm), male/female. Total length, 7.8 / 8.7 ��� 9.8; prothorax length, 1.4 / 1.3 ��� 1.5; prothorax width, 2.0/ 1.9 ��� 2.5; elytral length, 5.5 / 5.5 ��� 7.5; humeral width, 2.6 / 2.8 ��� 3.4. Etymology. guyanensis, allusive to the name Guyane where the material was collected. Type material. Holotype male, FRENCH GUIANA, Remire, 26.IV. 1986, Christian Marschal leg., �� vue, de jour, (ex-collection IRD [# 269], MNHN). Paratypes: Chemin Vidal, female, 11.VII. 1984, G. Tavakilian col. (excollection IRD, MNHN). Montjoly, female, 29.III. 1981, Michel R��millet col. (ex-collection IRD, MNRJ). Fourgassi��, female, 15.06. 1997, J��r��me Collgros, �� vue, de jour, (ex-collection IRD, MNHN). Piste de Kaw, pk 36, female, 0 1.06. 1992, Jean-Aim�� Cerda, �� vue, de jour, (ex-collection IRD, MNHN). BRAZIL, Rondonia, 62km SW Ariquemes, Fazenda Rancho Grande, male, 8 ��� 20 XI 1994, J.E. Eger, L.B. & C.W. O'Brien col. (ACMT). Comments. O. guyanensis sp. nov. is similar to O. erotyloides Bates, by the sides of the prothorax unarmed and by the pattern of coloration and arrangement of patches., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002

Oxathres maculosa sp. nov. (Fig. 6) Description. Male. Integument dark-brown. Pubescence mainly grey-yellowish. Basal 1 / 3 of the antennomeres III – VI, VIII and X covered with white pubescence. Head with two parallel and approximate longitudinal yellowish lines from the anterior part of the frons to the occiput. Four patches of yellow-whitish pubescence in each side of the anterior and posterior margins, the patches in one specimen fused to form four longitudinal lines, alternating with brownish-black pubescence Elytra with three transverse fascia of dark-brown pubescence with irregular margins, the first in the basal 1 / 3, the second post-median and the last ante-apical. Antennae reaching the apices of the elytra in the distal extreme of antennomere VII. Prothorax laterally armed with a post-median acute tubercle. Pronotum with a transverse row of punctures near the posterior margin. Elytra without longitudinal carinae near the suture; apices obliquely truncated, angles slightly produced. Surface densely punctured in the basal half, more scattered in the distal half. Apex of the fifth urotergite transversely truncated; fifth urosternite semicircularly emarginated. Female. Antennae reaching the apices of the elytra in the distal extreme of antennomere X. Apex of the fifth urotergite acute; fifth urosternite semicircularly emarginated. Measurements (mm), male/female. Total length, 7.0 – 8.5 / 7.3; prothorax length, 1.2 – 1.5 / 1.4; prothorax width, 2.0 – 2.6 / 2.3; elytral length, 5.1 – 6.4 / 5.3; humeral width, 2.5 – 3.2 / 2.8. Etymology. Latin, maculosa, allusive to the spots in the prothorax and elytra.. Type material. Holotype male, BOLIVIA, La Paz: Inquisivi (Plazuela), XII. 1984, L. E. Peña G. col. (MNRJ). Paratypes: Santa Cruz: Provincia Florida, Chaco above Achira (1730 m), male, female, 22 – 25.I. 2007, Wappes & Lingafelter col. (ACMT). Dept. Florida, Prov. Vicoquin, area above Achira, road to Amboró, (18 °07’S, 63 ° 47 ’W, 1730 m), 4 males, 22 – 25.I. 2007, Lingafelter, Wappes & Prena col. (3 males USNM, male, SLPC); Florida Prov., Refugio los Volcanes, (18 °06’S, 63 ° 36 ’W, 1045 m), female, 10 – 13.XII. 2008, S. Lingafelter, T. Henry & D. Windsor col. (SLPC); Florida Prov., Achira Resort, 7 km NE of Samaipata, (18 °09’S, 63 ° 49 ’W, 1350 m), male, 22 – 25.I. 2007, Lingafelter, Wappes & Prena col. (SLPC). Comments. O. maculosa sp. nov. can be recognized by the pronotum with alternate longitudinal lines of yellow and black pubescence

Oxathres quadrimaculata Monn��, 1976 (Fig. 13) Oxathres quadrimaculata Monn��, 1976: 590; 2005: 113 (cat.). Known only from the typical series from Brazil (Amazonas and Par��)., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002, {"references":["Monne, M. A. (1976) Revisao do genero Oxathres Bates, 1864 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Acanthocinini). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 36 (3), 585 - 593."]}

Oxathres scripta Lacordaire, 1872 (Fig. 4) Oxathres scriptus Lacordaire, 1872: 785. Oxathres scripta; Monn��, 2005: 113 (cat.); Monn�� et al., 2010: 245 (distr.). Oxathres dubius Melzer, 1926: 13. Geographical distribution. Distributed in Brazil (Goi��s, Bahia to Santa Catarina) and Paraguay (new country record). Specimens examined. BRAZIL, Goi��s: Rio Verde, 2 females, 10.XI. 1945, H. Zellibor col. Bahia: Itapetinga, male, XI. 1969, F. M. Oliveira col. Prado, female, 10.XII. 1988, J. Becker col. Minas Gerais: Pedra Azul, male, XI. 1970, Seabra & Oliveira col. same data and collectors, male, XI. 1971. Po��os de Caldas (Morro de Ferro), female, XI. 1975, J. Becker & O. Roppa col. Esp��rito Santo: Barra de S��o Francisco (Corrego do Ita), male, 2 females, XI. 1954, W. Grossmann col., same data, female, XI ��� XII. 1956, W. Zik��n col. Linhares, female, I. 1970, S. Fragoso col. (Parque Sooretama), 3 females, XI; 1953, P. A. Teles col., male, female, X. 1958, D. Zajciw col., male, XI. 1960, F. M. Oliveira col., male, XI. 1961, Werner, Oliveira & Seabra col., male, 4 females, X. 1967, F. M. Oliveira col., male, 3 females. XI. 1967, F. M. Oliveira col. Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado), female, 10.X. 1958, Seabra & Alvarenga col., same locality and collectors, male, X. 1961, female, I. 1963, male, 30 X. 1963, male, 11.XI. 1966, male, 29.IX. 1967, male, 2.X. 1967, same locality, male, 17.X. 1975, Monn�� & Seabra col., male, 30.III. 1977, Seabra col. Ilha de Itacuru��a, female, I. 1973, B. dos Prazeres col. S��o Paulo: Mar��lia, male, 7.XI. 1946, H. Zellibor col. Peruibe, female, 1.II. 1941, H. Zellibor col., male, 7.XII. 1953, H. Zellibor col. Teodoro Sampaio, 2 males, female, XI. 1973, F. M. Oliveira col. Paran��: Arapongas, male, 4 females, II. 1952, A. Maller col. Matelandia, male, female, XI. 1953, A. Maller col. Rolandia, female, XI. 1953, A. Maller col. Santa Catarina: Corupa, 2 males, 2 females, X. XI. 1937, A. Maller col., same locality and collector, female, I. 1938, female, II. 1938, male, XI. 1938, male, II. 1943, male, female, XI. 1954; male, II. 1960. (Rio Vermelho), female, II. 1958, A. Maller col. Ibirama, female, 5.I. 1993, Barchet & Beierl col. Seara (Nova Teutonia), male, female, 17.XI. 1941, F. Plaumann col. same locality and collector, male, female, X. 1944, male, X. 1965. PARAGUAY, Guair��: Paso Yobai, female, III. 1951, J. M. Bosq col. All in MNRJ., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002, {"references":["Lacordaire, J. T. (1872) Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Genera des Coleopteres, ou expose methodique et critique de tous les genres proposes jusqu'ici dans cet ordre d'insectes. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 9 (2), 411 - 930.","Monne, M. A. (2005) Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae. Zootaxa, 1023, 1 - 759.","Monne, M. L., Monne, M. A., Martins, R. S., Simoes, M. V. P. & Machado, V. S. (2010) Especies de Cerambycidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) ocorrentes no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, 67 (3 - 4), 235 - 251.","Melzer, J. (1926) Longicorneos (Col.) do Brasil, novos ou pouco conhecidos. Publicacoes do Museu Nacional, 7, 1 - 15."]}

Oxathres Bates, 1864 Oxathres Bates, 1864: 50; Monn��, 1976 c: 585 (rev.); 2005: 112 (cat.). Type-species: Oxathres navicula Bates, 1864 (Monn�� designation, 1976: 586). The genus Oxathres Bates was revised by Monn�� (1976) and included descriptions of three new species. Since then another new species was described by Monn�� (1990) resulting in ten species in the genus. Oxathres belongs to the group of genera (Xylergates Bates, 1864, Proseriphus Monn��, 2005, Brevoxathres Gilmour, 1959 and Sciadosoma Melzer, 1934) that share partially the following characters: setae in the surface of the elytra, upper lobes of the eyes separated one or two times the width of a lobe, elytra without centro-basal crista, lateral sides of the prothorax with tubercle or subrounded. In the genus Brevoxathres Gilmour, 1959 the upper lobes of the eyes are separated by three or more times the width of a lobe; in Sciadosoma Melzer, 1934, there is no visible ovipositor; in Proseriphus the setae in the surface of the elytra are mixed with green scales and in Xylergates there are three tubercles in the surface of the pronotum. Oxathres differs from the above genera by the upper lobes of the eyes separated one or two times the width of a lobe, elytra without green scales, the presence of a short ovipositor and pronotum without tubercles. Most species of Oxathres were known from Brazil (Amazon basin and Atlantic Rainforest); in the present paper new species are described from French Guiana, Brazil and Bolivia., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002, {"references":["Bates, H. W. (1864) Contributions to an insect fauna of the Amazon Valley. Coleoptera: Longicornes The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, (3) 13, 43 - 56.","Monne, M. A. (1976) Revisao do genero Oxathres Bates, 1864 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Acanthocinini). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 36 (3), 585 - 593.","Monne, M. A. (1990) Novas especies de Acanthocinini neotropicais. III (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 34 (3), 679 - 686.","Monne, M. A. (2005) Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae. Zootaxa, 1023, 1 - 759."]}

Oxathres maculosa sp. nov. (Fig. 6) Description. Male. Integument dark-brown. Pubescence mainly grey-yellowish. Basal 1 / 3 of the antennomeres III ��� VI, VIII and X covered with white pubescence. Head with two parallel and approximate longitudinal yellowish lines from the anterior part of the frons to the occiput. Four patches of yellow-whitish pubescence in each side of the anterior and posterior margins, the patches in one specimen fused to form four longitudinal lines, alternating with brownish-black pubescence Elytra with three transverse fascia of dark-brown pubescence with irregular margins, the first in the basal 1 / 3, the second post-median and the last ante-apical. Antennae reaching the apices of the elytra in the distal extreme of antennomere VII. Prothorax laterally armed with a post-median acute tubercle. Pronotum with a transverse row of punctures near the posterior margin. Elytra without longitudinal carinae near the suture; apices obliquely truncated, angles slightly produced. Surface densely punctured in the basal half, more scattered in the distal half. Apex of the fifth urotergite transversely truncated; fifth urosternite semicircularly emarginated. Female. Antennae reaching the apices of the elytra in the distal extreme of antennomere X. Apex of the fifth urotergite acute; fifth urosternite semicircularly emarginated. Measurements (mm), male/female. Total length, 7.0 ��� 8.5 / 7.3; prothorax length, 1.2 ��� 1.5 / 1.4; prothorax width, 2.0 ��� 2.6 / 2.3; elytral length, 5.1 ��� 6.4 / 5.3; humeral width, 2.5 ��� 3.2 / 2.8. Etymology. Latin, maculosa, allusive to the spots in the prothorax and elytra.. Type material. Holotype male, BOLIVIA, La Paz: Inquisivi (Plazuela), XII. 1984, L. E. Pe��a G. col. (MNRJ). Paratypes: Santa Cruz: Provincia Florida, Chaco above Achira (1730 m), male, female, 22 ��� 25.I. 2007, Wappes & Lingafelter col. (ACMT). Dept. Florida, Prov. Vicoquin, area above Achira, road to Ambor��, (18 ��07���S, 63 �� 47 ���W, 1730 m), 4 males, 22 ��� 25.I. 2007, Lingafelter, Wappes & Prena col. (3 males USNM, male, SLPC); Florida Prov., Refugio los Volcanes, (18 ��06���S, 63 �� 36 ���W, 1045 m), female, 10 ��� 13.XII. 2008, S. Lingafelter, T. Henry & D. Windsor col. (SLPC); Florida Prov., Achira Resort, 7 km NE of Samaipata, (18 ��09���S, 63 �� 49 ���W, 1350 m), male, 22 ��� 25.I. 2007, Lingafelter, Wappes & Prena col. (SLPC). Comments. O. maculosa sp. nov. can be recognized by the pronotum with alternate longitudinal lines of yellow and black pubescence, Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002

Oxathres muscosus Bates, 1864 (Fig. 12) Oxathres muscosus Bates, 1864: 52; Monn��, 2005: 113 (cat.). Geographical distribution. French Guiana, Brazil (Amazonas, Rond��nia), Peru. Specimens examined. PERU, Loreto: Pucallpa, 2 males, 3 females, 8 ��� 12.XII. 1950, H. Zellibor col., same locality and collector, 4 males, 2 females, 7.XI. 1952. FRENCH GUIANA, Sa��l (layon ���Limonade���), 26.VII. 1982, female, G. Tavakilian col., by beating (IRD). BRAZIL, Par��: Jacareacanga, male, female, XI. 1969, F. R. Barbosa col. Rond��nia: Ariquemes, 9 males, 2 females, XI. 1979, B. Silva col. Ouro Preto do Oeste, male, female, X. 1983, O. Roppa, J. Becker & B. Silva col., same locality, 2 males, XII. 1983, B. Silva col., 6 males, female, X. 1986, O. Roppa J. Becker & B. Silva col. Mato Grosso: Sinop, male, X. 1976, Alvarenga & Roppa col. All in MNRJ except a female in IRD collection., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002, {"references":["Bates, H. W. (1864) Contributions to an insect fauna of the Amazon Valley. Coleoptera: Longicornes The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, (3) 13, 43 - 56.","Monne, M. A. (2005) Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae. Zootaxa, 1023, 1 - 759."]}

Oxathres implicata Melzer, 1926 (Fig. 11) Oxathres implicata Melzer, 1926: 15; Monn��, 2005: 112 (cat.); Monn�� et al., 2010: 245 (distr.). Chaetanes nigrobasalis Gilmour, 1962: 290. Geographical distribution. Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest from Minas Gerais to Rio Grande do Sul. Specimens examined. BRAZIL, Esp��rito Santo: Linhares (Parque Sooretama), female, V. 1953, P. A. Teles col. Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado), female, 1.XI. 1964, D. Zajciw col., same locality, female, 20.V. 1958, C. A. Campos Seabra col. (Floresta da Tijuca), male, X. 1953, C. A. C. Seabra col., same locality and collector, male, II. 1954. S��o Paulo: S��o Paulo (Cantareira), female, 12.XI. 1938, H. Zellibor col., same locality, female, 20.I. 1941, Dr. Nick col. (Morumbi), male, 30.I. 1944, Dr. Nick col. Paran��: Ponta Grossa, female. Santa Mariana, male, 2.XI. 1951, H. Zellibor col. Santa Catarina: Corup��, male, female, XI. 1939, A. Maller col., same locality and collector, male, XI. 1953, female, II. 1960. S��o Bento do Sul (Rio Vermelho), female, XII. 1955, A. Maller col., same locality and collector, male, XII. 1964. Rio Grande do Sul: S��o Francisco de Paula, female, 9.IX. 1938, P. Buck col., same locality and collector, female, 29.I. 1939. All in MNRJ., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002, {"references":["Melzer, J. (1926) Longicorneos (Col.) do Brasil, novos ou pouco conhecidos. Publicacoes do Museu Nacional, 7, 1 - 15.","Monne, M. A. (2005) Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae. Zootaxa, 1023, 1 - 759.","Monne, M. L., Monne, M. A., Martins, R. S., Simoes, M. V. P. & Machado, V. S. (2010) Especies de Cerambycidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) ocorrentes no Estado do Rio de Janeiro (Brasil). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, 67 (3 - 4), 235 - 251.","Gilmour, E. F. (1962) On the Neotropical Acanthocinini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae). Some new genera and generic revision. Beitrage zur Neotropischen Fauna, 2 (4), 249 - 293."]}

Oxathres boliviana sp. nov. (Fig. 9) Description. Male. Integument dark-brown. Pubescence predominantly dark-brown. Pubescence whitish as follows: seven minute rounded spots in the pronotum, four near the anterior margin and two or three near the posterior margin and two sets of longitudinal lines formed by minute spots in the middle of the elytra and in the distal third. Antennae reaching the apices of the elytra in the distal extreme of antennomere V. Prothorax with acute lateral tubercle in the beginning of the posterior third. Pronotum with a transverse row of punctures near the anterior and posterior margins. Elytra without longitudinal carinae near the suture; apices transversely truncated, angles not produced. Surface densely punctured in the basal two thirds, more scattered in the distal third. Apex of urotegite and urosternite shallowly semicircularly emarginated. Female. Antennae attaining the apices of the elytra approximately in the distal extremity of antennomere VII; ovipositor projecting 0.7 mm beyond the elytral apices, urotergite acute, urosternite transversely truncated. Measurements (mm), male/female. Total length, 6.9 /7.0; prothorax length, 1.2 / 1.2; prothorax width, 2.0/2.0; elytral length, 4.7 /5.0; humeral width, 2.7 / 2.7. Etymology. boliviana, allusive to the name of the country where the material was collected. Type material. Holotype male, BOLIVIA, Santa Cruz: 3.7 km SSE Buena Vista (Hotel Flora & Fauna), 15 – 22.XI. 2001, B. K. Dozier col. (MNKM). Paratype female, same data. (ACMT), 4 – 6 km SSE Buena Vista (Hotel Flora & Fauna), male, 21 – 24.XI. 2003, Wappes, Morris & Nearns col. (MNRJ), same locality and collectors, female, 14 – 17.X. 2003 (FSCA), same locality, male, 21 – 24.XI. 2003, Wappes, Morris & Nearns col. (ACMT), female, 16 – 30.XI. 2002, R. Clarke col. (ACMT), female, 1 – 15 XII. 2002, R. Clarke col. (ACMT), female, 21 – 25.XII. 2002, R. Clarke col. (FSCA), female, 1 – 8.XII. 2003, R. Clarke col (USNM). Provincia Florida, Chaco above Achira (1730 m), male, female, 22 – 25.I. 2007, Wappes & Lingafelter col. (ACMT). Comments. In one paratype male the white spots in the elytra are almost imperceptible.

Oxathres erotyloides Bates, 1864 (Fig. 1) Oxathres erotyloides Bates, 1864: 51; Monn��, 2005: 112 (cat.). Described from Tef�� (= Ega), Amazonas, Brazil, and known from Ecuador, Peru and Brazil (Amazonas). The lateral sides of the prothorax are subrounded, at least in males, the only sex known., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002, {"references":["Bates, H. W. (1864) Contributions to an insect fauna of the Amazon Valley. Coleoptera: Longicornes The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, London, (3) 13, 43 - 56.","Monne, M. A. (2005) Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae. Zootaxa, 1023, 1 - 759."]}

Oxathres ornata Monn��, 1976 (Fig. 10) Oxathres ornata Monn��, 1976: 589; 2005: 113 (cat.); Wappes et al., 2006: 36 (distr.); Morvan & Morati, 2006: 32 (distr.); Barbosa et al., 2009: 293 (distr.). Described from Jacareacanga, Par��, Brazil and distributed in French Guiana (Morvan & Morati, 2006), Brazil (Amap��, Amazonas, Par�� and Rond��nia) and Bolivia (Wappes et al., 2006). Specimens examined. FRENCH GUIANA, Piste de Kaw, pk 37, male, 27.VIII. 1992, J.-A. Cerda col., by beating (IRD). BRAZIL, Amap��: Serra do Navio (Assentamento), 2 males, 4 females, IX. X. 1996, P. R. Magno col. (MNRJ). Amazonas: Tabatinga, female, VIII. 1977, B. Silva col. (MNRJ). Par��: Jacareacanga, male, female, XII. 1968, M. Alvarenga col (holotype male, paratype female, MNRJ). Tucurui, 2 males, female, I. 1980, B. Silva col. (MNRJ). Rond��nia: Ouro Preto do Oeste, 2 females, X. XI. 1983, O. Roppa, J. Becker & B. Silva col. (MNRJ). BOLIVIA, Cochabamba, Carr. El Sacta (230m), male, 28.X. 2002, Wappes, Morris & Aramayo col. (ACMT)., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on page 26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002, {"references":["Monne, M. A. (1976) Revisao do genero Oxathres Bates, 1864 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Acanthocinini). Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 36 (3), 585 - 593.","Wappes, J. E., Morris, R. F., Nearns, E. H. & Thomas, M. C. (2006) Preliminary checklist of Bolivian Cerambycidae (Coleoptera). Insecta Mundi, 20 (1 - 2), 1 - 45.","Morvan, O. & Morati, J. (2006) Contribution a la commaisance des Cerambycidae de la montagne de Kaw, Guyane Francaise (Coleoptera). Lambillionea, 106 (3), suppl. 2, p. 63.","Barbosa, M. G. V., Fonseca, C. R. V. & Martins, U. R. (2009) Composicao e abundancia de especies de Cerambycidae na Reserva Ducke, p. 287 - 294. In Fonseca, C. R. V., Magalhaes, C., Rafael, J. A. & Franklin, E. Fauna de Artropodos da Reserva Florestal Ducke. INPA, Manaus, 307 p."]}

Oxathres boliviana sp. nov. (Fig. 9) Description. Male. Integument dark-brown. Pubescence predominantly dark-brown. Pubescence whitish as follows: seven minute rounded spots in the pronotum, four near the anterior margin and two or three near the posterior margin and two sets of longitudinal lines formed by minute spots in the middle of the elytra and in the distal third. Antennae reaching the apices of the elytra in the distal extreme of antennomere V. Prothorax with acute lateral tubercle in the beginning of the posterior third. Pronotum with a transverse row of punctures near the anterior and posterior margins. Elytra without longitudinal carinae near the suture; apices transversely truncated, angles not produced. Surface densely punctured in the basal two thirds, more scattered in the distal third. Apex of urotegite and urosternite shallowly semicircularly emarginated. Female. Antennae attaining the apices of the elytra approximately in the distal extremity of antennomere VII; ovipositor projecting 0.7 mm beyond the elytral apices, urotergite acute, urosternite transversely truncated. Measurements (mm), male/female. Total length, 6.9 /7.0; prothorax length, 1.2 / 1.2; prothorax width, 2.0/2.0; elytral length, 4.7 /5.0; humeral width, 2.7 / 2.7. Etymology. boliviana, allusive to the name of the country where the material was collected. Type material. Holotype male, BOLIVIA, Santa Cruz: 3.7 km SSE Buena Vista (Hotel Flora & Fauna), 15 ��� 22.XI. 2001, B. K. Dozier col. (MNKM). Paratype female, same data. (ACMT), 4 ��� 6 km SSE Buena Vista (Hotel Flora & Fauna), male, 21 ��� 24.XI. 2003, Wappes, Morris & Nearns col. (MNRJ), same locality and collectors, female, 14 ��� 17.X. 2003 (FSCA), same locality, male, 21 ��� 24.XI. 2003, Wappes, Morris & Nearns col. (ACMT), female, 16 ��� 30.XI. 2002, R. Clarke col. (ACMT), female, 1 ��� 15 XII. 2002, R. Clarke col. (ACMT), female, 21 ��� 25.XII. 2002, R. Clarke col. (FSCA), female, 1 ��� 8.XII. 2003, R. Clarke col (USNM). Provincia Florida, Chaco above Achira (1730 m), male, female, 22 ��� 25.I. 2007, Wappes & Lingafelter col. (ACMT). Comments. In one paratype male the white spots in the elytra are almost imperceptible., Published as part of Monn��, Miguel A. & Tavakilian, Gerard Luc, 2011, Synopsis of the genus Oxathres Bates (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 20-28 in Zootaxa 2928 on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278002

Les modèles de prévision opérationnelle du temps résolvent numériquement les équations de la mécanique des fluides en calculant l'évolution de champs (pression, température, humidité, vitesses) définis comme moyennes horizontales à l'échelle des mailles d'une grille (et à différents niveaux verticaux).Les processus d'échelle inférieure à la maille jouent néanmoins un rôle essentiel dans les transferts et les bilans de chaleur, humidité et quantité de mouvement. Les paramétrisations physiques visent à évaluer les termes de source correspondant à ces phénomènes, et apparaissant dans les équations des champs moyens aux points de grille.Lorsque l'on diminue la taille des mailles afin de représenter plus finement l'évolution des phénomènes atmosphériques, certaines hypothèses utilisées dans ces paramétrisations perdent leur validité. Le problème se pose surtout quand la taille des mailles passe en dessous d'une dizaine de kilomètres, se rapprochant de la taille des grands systèmes de nuages convectifs (systèmes orageux, lignes de grain).Ce travail s'inscrit dans le cadre des développements du modèle à mailles fines ARPÈGE ALADIN, utilisé par une douzaine de pays pour l'élaboration de prévisions à courte échéance (jusque 48 heures).Nous décrivons d'abord l'ensemble des paramétrisations physiques du modèle.Suit une analyse détaillée de la paramétrisation actuelle de la convection profonde. Nous présentons également notre contribution personnelle à celle ci, concernant l'entraînement de la quantité de mouvement horizontale dans le nuage convectif.Nous faisons ressortir les principaux points faibles ou hypothèses nécessitant des mailles de grandes dimensions, et dégageons les voies pour de nouveaux développements.Nous approfondissons ensuite deux des aspects sortis de cette discussion: l'usage de variables pronostiques de l'activité convective, et la prise en compte de différences entre l'environnement immédiat du nuage et les valeurs des champs à grande échelle. Ceci nous conduit à la réalisation et la mise en œuvre d'un schéma pronostique de la convection profonde.A ce schéma devraient encore s'ajouter une paramétrisation pronostique des phases condensées suspendues (actuellement en cours de développement par d'autres personnes) et quelques autres améliorations que nous proposons.Des tests de validation et de comportement du schéma pronostique ont été effectués en modèle à aire limitée à différentes résolutions et en modèle global. Dans ce dernier cas l'effet du nouveau schéma sur les bilans globaux est également examiné.Ces expériences apportent un éclairage supplémentaire sur le comportement du schéma convectif et les problèmes de partage entre la schéma de convection profonde et le schéma de précipitation de grande échelle.La présente étude fait donc le point sur le statut actuel des différentes paramétrisations du modèle, et propose des solutions pratiques pour améliorer la qualité de la représentation des phénomènes convectifs.L'utilisation de mailles plus petites que 5 km nécessite enfin de lever l'hypothèse hydrostatique dans les équations de grande échelle, et nous esquissons les raffinements supplémentaires de la paramétrisation possibles dans ce cas., Doctorat en sciences appliquées, info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished