Search

Background InBody-770 and SECA mBCA 515 are multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) devices, which are commonly used in the clinic to assess fat-free mass (FFM) and body fat (BF). However, the accuracy between devices in clinical settings, across different body mass index (BMI) groups remains unclear. Methods Body composition for 226 participants (51% men, aged 18-80 years, BMI 18-56 kg/m²) was assessed by two commercial multifrequency BIA devices requiring standing position and using eight-contact electrodes, InBody 770 and SECA mBCA 515, and compared to results from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Measurements were performed in a random order, after a 3 h fast and no prior exercise. Lin's-concordance correlation and Bland-Altman analyses were used to compare between devices, and linear regression to assess accuracy in BF% across BMI groups. Results We found strong correlation between DXA results for study population BF% and those obtained by InBody ([rho].sub.c = 0.922, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.902, 0.938) and DXA and SECA ([rho].sub.c = 0.940, CI 0.923, 0.935), with 95% limits of agreements between 2.6 and -8.9, and 7.1 and -7.6, respectively. BF% assessment by SECA was similar to DXA (-0.3%, p = 0.267), and underestimated by InBody (-3.1%, p < 0.0001). InBody deviations were largest among normal weight people and decreased with increasing BMI group, while SECA measurements remained unaffected. Conclusions Both BIA devices agreed well with BF% assessment obtained by DXA. Unlike SECA, InBody underestimated BF% in both genders and was influenced by BMI categories. Therefore, in clinical settings, individual assessment of BF% should be taken with caution., Author(s): Yair Lahav [sup.1] , Nir Goldstein [sup.1] , Yftach Gepner [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, and [...]

Health benefits of moderate wine consumption have been studied during the past decades, first in observational studies and more recently, in experimental settings and randomized controlled studies. Suggested biological pathways include antioxidant, lipid regulating, and anti-inflammatory effects. Both the alcoholic and polyphenolic components of wine are believed to contribute to these beneficial effects. Although several of these studies demonstrated protective associations between moderate drinking and cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis, hypertension, certain types of cancer, type 2 diabetes, neurological disorders, and the metabolic syndrome, no conclusive recommendations exist regarding moderate wine consumption. Yet, it is suggested that the physician and patient should discuss alcohol use. In the CASCADE (CArdiovaSCulAr Diabetes & Ethanol) trial, 224 abstainers with type 2 diabetes were randomized to consume red wine, white wine or mineral water for two years. Here, we summarize our previous findings, offer new evidence concerning the differential effects of wine consumption among men and women, and further suggest that initiating moderate alcohol consumption among well-controlled persons with type 2 diabetes is apparently safe, in regard to changes in heart rate variability and carotid plaque formation., Author(s): Rachel Golan [sup.1] , Yftach Gepner [sup.1] , Iris Shai [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel Introduction The short and long-term effects of [...]

Purpose: Postexercise recovery rate is a vital component of designing personalized training protocols and rehabilitation plans. Tracking exercise‐induced muscle damage and recovery requires sensitive tools that can probe the muscles' state and composition noninvasively. Methods: Twenty‐four physically active males completed a running protocol consisting of a 60‐min downhill run on a treadmill at −10% incline and 65% of maximal heart rate. Quantitative mapping of MRI T2 was performed using the echo‐modulation‐curve algorithm before exercise, and at two time points: 1 h and 48 h after exercise. Results: T2 values increased by 2%–4% following exercise in the primary mover muscles and exhibited further elevation of 1% after 48 h. For the antagonist muscles, T2 values increased only at the 48‐h time point (2%–3%). Statistically significant decrease in the SD of T2 values was found following exercise for all tested muscles after 1 h (16%–21%), indicating a short‐term decrease in the heterogeneity of the muscle tissue. Conclusion: MRI T2 relaxation time constitutes a useful quantitative marker for microstructural muscle damage, enabling region‐specific identification for short‐term and long‐term systemic processes, and sensitive assessment of muscle recovery following exercise‐induced muscle damage. The variability in T2 changes across different muscle groups can be attributed to their different role during downhill running, with immediate T2 elevation occurring in primary movers, followed by delayed elevation in both primary and antagonist muscle groups, presumably due to secondary damage caused by systemic processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives The progression of carotid-plaque volume in patients with type 2 diabetes is common. Previous observational studies showed an association between moderate alcohol and reduced risk of coronary disease. We examined whether consuming moderate wine affects the progression of carotid atherosclerosis. Subjects/Methods In the CASCADE (CArdiovaSCulAr Diabetes and Ethanol), a 2-year randomized controlled trial, we randomized abstainers with type 2 diabetes were to drink 150 ml of either red wine, white wine, or water, provided for 2 years. In addition, groups were guided to maintain a Mediterranean diet. We followed 2-year changes in carotid total plaque volume (carotid-TPV) and carotid vessel wall volume (carotid-VWV), using three-dimensional ultrasound. Results Carotid images were available from 174 of the 224 CASCADE participants (67% men; age = 59 yr; HbA1C = 6.8%). Forty-five percent had detectable plaque at baseline. After 2 years, no significant progression in carotid-TPV was observed (water, -1.4 (17.0) mm.sup.3, CI (-2.7, 5.5), white-wine, -1.2 (16.9) mm.sup.3, CI (-3.8, 6.2), red wine, -1.3 (17.6) mm.sup.3, CI (-3.4, 6.0; p = 0.9 between groups)). In post hoc analysis, we divided the 78 participants with detectable baseline carotid plaque into tertiles. Those with the higher baseline plaque burden, whom were assigned to drink wine, reduced their plaque volume significantly after 2 years, as compared to baseline. Two-year reductions in Apo(B)/Apo(A) ratio(s) were independently associated with regression in carotid-TPV ([beta] = 0.4; p < 0.001). Two-year decreases in systolic blood pressure were independently associated with regression in carotid-VWV ([beta] = 0.2; p = 0.005). Conclusions No progression in carotid-TPV was observed. In subgroup analyses, those with the greatest plaque burden assigned to drink wine may have had a small regression of plaque burden, Author(s): Rachel Golan [sup.1] , Iris Shai [sup.1] , Yftach Gepner [sup.1] , Ilana Harman-Boehm [sup.2] , Dan Schwarzfuchs [sup.3] , J. David Spence [sup.4] , Grace Parraga [sup.4] , [...]