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Inflammation affects tumor immune surveillance and resistance to therapy. Here, we show that production of IL1β in primary breast cancer tumors is linked with advanced disease and originates from tumor-infiltrating CD11c+ myeloid cells. IL1β production is triggered by cancer cell membrane–derived TGFβ. Neutralizing TGFβ or IL1 receptor prevents breast cancer progression in humanized mouse model. Patients with metastatic HER2− breast cancer display a transcriptional signature of inflammation in the blood leukocytes, which is attenuated after IL1 blockade. When present in primary breast cancer tumors, this signature discriminates patients with poor clinical outcomes in two independent public datasets (TCGA and METABRIC).Significance: IL1β orchestrates tumor-promoting inflammation in breast cancer and can be targeted in patients using an IL1 receptor antagonist. Cancer Res; 78(18); 5243–58. ©2018 AACR.See related commentary by Dinarello, p. 5200

Figure S1. Cytokines screening from breast tumor tissue Figure S2. IL-1β induces TSLP production from breast cancer cells. Figure S3. IL-1β production in DCs is caspase-1 dependent. Figure S4. IL-1β production requires TAK1-dependent caspase-1 activation. Figure S5. IL-1 and TGF-β mediate tumor-promoting type 2 cytokines in humanized mouse model. Figure S6. Cells component in blood from patients in clinical trial. Anakinra signature clustered breast cancer patients in TCGA dataset.

Glioblastoma (GBM) multiforme is the most aggressive type of brain cancer. These lethal brain tumors are characterized by the inter- and intra-tumor molecular heterogeneity and diverse cell plasticity. We sought to interrogate the immune landscape of GBM, tease out the distinct biological and therapeutic niches in GBM and to understand how the tumor microenvironments mediated the heterogeneity of GBM. We have collected six human GBM samples for spatial profiling and single-nucleus RNA sequencing. Multiple sets of spatial gene panels were designed to capture the cell identities (cancer stem cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, macrophages, endothelial cells, etc.) and the spatially-resolved expression patterns of genes indicative of different functional states. We also aim to find altered neurovascular units by examining the spatial correlation between cells that highly express angiogenesis markers such as VEGFA with tumor-associated macrophages, which could be recruited to the angiogenic niche by GBM tumor cells. From the spatial RNA dataset of the first two samples, we observed close proximity of tumor-associated macrophages and endothelial cells that form the microvasculature. Our preliminary results from the single-nucleus RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics of two samples shed light on the complex cell landscape and the dynamic interaction between tumor cells and infiltrating or resident immune cells in the GBM tumor tissue. Citation Format: Yue Hao, Angela Baker, Brian Hilbush, Marcos Otero, Chris Streck, Karen L. Fink, George J. Snipes, Bruce E. Mickey, Michael Berens. Spatial and single-nucleus transcriptomics of human glioblastoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6779.

Sudden death from intracerebral hemorrhage was observed in two patients admitted to Baylor University Medical Center at Dallas in a single month. Each had been drinking alcohol at the time of onset of first symptoms. Intracerebral hemorrhage was diagnosed in one patient by computed tomography, but not in the second patient who clinically was diagnosed as having acute coronary syndrome. Both died within 24 hours of onset of symptoms, and autopsy in both disclosed intracerebral hemorrhage, an infrequent cause of sudden death. This report calls attention to intracerebral hemorrhage as a cause of sudden death.

Rupture of an intracranial dermoid cyst is a rare event with considerable associated morbidity and potential mortality. We present a case of intracranial rupture of a dermoid cystic tumor with consequent dissemination of subarachnoid fat droplets resulting in acute aseptic chemical meningitis. Radiographic findings, operative treatment, and pathologic features are described.

Meningiomas are common tumors of the central nervous system that account for approximately 15% of all intracranial tumors and are the most common extra-axial neoplasm. Most meningiomas are benign, although atypical and malignant meningiomas also exist. Typical imaging characteristics include a well-circumscribed, homogeneously enhancing, extra-axial mass on both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The presence of an associated cyst is an uncommon imaging feature that may make it difficult to distinguish the tumor from a primary intra-axial glial neoplasm. The presence of peritumoral edema can also be a misleading finding. We present a case of a woman who presented with a history of multiple recent falls, decreased energy, and increased somnolence and was found to have a “cystic meningioma.” Typical imaging characteristics, histologic subtypes, treatment, and prognosis are also discussed.