Search

A geographical indication (GI) defines a product as being from a certain place, when the product's quality, reputation, or other attributes are largely related to its location. GI is a collective property, not a private one. It can be registered by an organisation representing the interests of a group of people in practically all nations. GIs helps in achieving and boosting rural development, environmental sustainability, consumer awareness and many other aspects. GIs are especially beneficial to agricultural product producers since they allow them to differentiate their products from common commodity items such as rice, coffee and tea, allowing them to get market access. A sturdy GI ecosystem has numerous advantages. It will automatically address the three contentious issues faced by India—poor pay for talent, low female labour force participation and urban migration. On the evolution side, some GIs have resulted in improved and superior uniqueness of rural employment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main goals in the establishment of Geographical Indications (GIs) for European agri-food products was to help foster development in rural communities. Given the cultural and economic importance of wine production in Italy, this paper aims to understand how a wine GI in the Umbria region may have influenced local socio-economic development and, if so, its perceived magnitude among local stakeholders. By conducting semi-structured interviews and carrying out a qualitative analysis through the grounded theory model, results indicate a mirroring ascent, during the last three decades, in the pursuit of a unique identity, for both the territory and the wine product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we study the fragmented approach of two Indian statutes, namely, the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act 2006 (“FRA 2006”) and the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act 1999 (“GIA 1999”). The article critically examines the labour law approach under the FRA 2006 and intellectual property ownership under the GIA 1999 with a specific focus on the production and commercialization of non-timber forest produce. The analysis leads to an argument for an integrated approach that starts with recognizing the agency of the communities, followed by guaranteeing protections under the labour rights approach and integrated protection through GIs. The integrated approach would facilitate cooperative experiments that go beyond strict private and public law distinctions. This can offer sustainable livelihood opportunities for forest-dwelling communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Union's (EU) regulatory power is an increasing focus of scholarly attention, but the lack of a consistent definition leaves room for refinement. Studies investigating the EU's role as a global regulatory actor yield different interpretations, some viewing the EU as a global market regulator, some as a power residing in the trade–regulatory nexus and others as a law‐making entity that creates widely emulated rules. This article refines the definition of the EU's regulatory power by presenting a conceptual framework for better understanding the EU's regulatory actorness, encompassing its ends and means as a general regulator and/or a regulatory power. Using the proposed framework to analyse the transfer of EU geographical indication (GI) rules to Japan, this study finds that the EU's regulatory power is particularly conditioned on the interest constellation between the EU and a third country. Regarding the EU's goal of exercising regulatory power, interest promotion seems to take priority over rule exporting or norm sharing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geographical indications (GIs), as intellectual property (IP) instruments, are a value-adding strategy that can be driven by innovation. Innovation has been systematically studied in GIs since the mid-2000s, but this knowledge is fragmented. Our contribution seeks to fill this gap by organizing knowledge about innovation in GIs, identifying the types of innovation predominant in the literature and the returns associated with different types of innovation for GIs. To carry out the study, we conducted a systematic review with a sample of 40 scientific articles extracted from the Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, and Science Direct scientific databases. The results indicate a clear emphasis on innovation in production processes, in marketing and sales, and in the administration of GIs. However, product innovation remains a less explored area, due to challenges related to preserving the traditional characteristics of certified products. The innovative strategies adopted by GIs highlight the relevance of innovation in various domains, resulting in improvements in operational performance, differentiation, business management and improvement of the portfolio and product quality. Our findings have theoretical and practical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The boundaries of geographical indication (GI) areas represent the core of GI specifications. Theory suggests that smaller areas result in higher prices due to quantity restrictions and higher quality. However, empirical evidence on the importance of GI areas for using places as brands is scarce. Our regressions using newly coded data of GI areas in km2 of 22 hams provide direct empirical evidence that larger areas are associated with lower prices. Subsample regressions suggest that areas affect prices through both quantity and (perceived) quality. Thus, our findings indicate that GI areas are a non-negligible factor in establishing collective regional brands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Darjeeling is an important tourist destination and situated in the lower Himalayas at an average elevation of above 2000 m. Next to water, tea is the most extensively consumed beverage by human beings. Today, hills of Darjeeling positioned as one of the best quality tea productions in the world. Darjeeling tea has a complex and unique amalgamation of agro-climatic conditions which contributed to its unique savour and quality that has won the heart of millions of consumers across the globe. The unique quality and reputation of the tea attributable to its geographical origin was the major reason for Darjeeling tea to get the first Geographical Indications (GI) status in India in 2004. The basic objective of the study is to analyse the role of Geographical Indications in improving the living standard of the local community. After the analysis, it was concluded that tea is a labour-intensive industry which required a good number of labourers to plant, bend, pluck and manufacture. Darjeeling's fragile ecosystem has been endangered by increasing demand for natural resources. There is an urgent need to make locals aware about the different advantages of GI so that they can avail the benefits of it and improve things in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The World Trade Organization (WTO) protects geographical indication (GI) wines such as Bordeaux and Chianti. However, there is scant empirical evidence on the effectiveness of this protection. Our triple difference panel data analysis of EU wine exports from 1995 to 2019 finds a significant effect. When countries join the WTO, their import of GI wines increases by about 25% more than non‐GI wines, compared to non‐joiners. Our findings suggest that specific trade provisions matter and that the EU policy of also including wine GIs in bilateral agreements is an attempt to further improve enforcement of GI protection in third countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the influence of accreditations on tourism demand, namely, World Heritage List (WHL) designations and Geographical Indications (GIs). The analysis examines Italian data at the NUTS3 level spanning from 1999 to 2019. Contribution of the study is two-fold. Firstly, by utilizing a Difference-in-Differences model in conjunction with Propensity Score Matching (PSM-DiD), the study evaluates the impact of jointly recognizing both accreditations as a binary treatment (yes/no). Secondly, by employing Generalised Propensity Score Matching (GPSM) for continuous treatment, the study gauges how the impact of the two accreditations is contingent on the number of recognitions (consistency). These impact assessments concern both domestic and international tourists. Conclusions highlight the positive effects, encompassing tourism arrivals, overnight stays, and tourist expenditures, associated with both the combined recognition (PSM-DiD) and the consistency of accreditation (GPSM). These findings support the implementation of place-based policies promoting diverse local assets, notably cultural heritage and agri-food excellence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractIndonesia, the fourth-largest coffee producer in the world, mainly produces the Robusta variety, while also being well-known for producing high-quality Arabica coffee beans. This is largely due to the government’s promotion of the cultivation and production of Arabica coffee beans. While the Arabica variety can bring significant economic gains, given the characteristics of Indonesian specialty Arabica coffee beans, there are many challenges in further increasing its production. Geographical indications have been utilized by coffee industry stakeholders to further differentiate coffee products and highlight their origins. This study found that most Indonesians drink coffee regularly, with higher demand for specialty coffee in urban areas. With improvements in cultivation systems and post-harvest processes, higher productivity levels can be achieved for both Arabica and Robusta coffee varieties. The Arabica variety has high potential to compete with other well-known specialty coffees in the international market. Simultaneously, the production yield of Robusta coffees should be further increased, as there are increasing trends in domestic coffee demand.

The European Union's quality policy is an example of a public policy that attempts to deliver public benefits to the entire European society. It's a crucial pillar of the Farm to Fork strategy for the transition to a sustainable European food system. The European Commission presented on March 2022 a legislative proposal on EU geographical indications for wine, spirits, and agricultural products (including PDO, PGI and GI), as well as traditional specialities guaranteed and optional quality terms for agricultural products, amending Regulations (EU) No 1308/2013, 2017/1001, and 2019/787 and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 and was approved in April 2024. It aims to increase the dissemination of geographical indications and traditional specialities guaranteed, reduce the time required for their registration and strengthen their protection.

The North-Eastern region of India is a biodiversity hotspot and home to many endemic and rare spices. The spices endemic to this region has vast scope in the national and international market owing to their uniqueness and organic quality. Geographical Indication (GI), a tag that recognises the unique intrinsic attributes of a product arising from specific geographical origin, is yet to be explored in its truest sense by the farmers of the region togain visibility and product differentiation in the market. Importance of GI tag is extremely high for the native farmers of the region to gain recognition in foreign markets. The paper discusses the scope of using GI as a tool for brand building by the spice sector of this region of India. It also examines a few instances where endemic spice varieties from the region have successfully undergone value addition and have been effectively marketed to create a promising presence both domestic and abroad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geographical indications (GIs) aim to protect the names of specific high‐quality products (food and wine) to preserve and promote the uniqueness linked to their geographical origin and traditional know‐how. EU and extra‐EU countries register domestic products with GIs. This study disentangles the effects of such registrations on the quality of imports using country‐level product import data for the fruit, vegetable, coffee, tea, and spice sectors. Our results show that the registration of domestic products as GIs enhances the quality of imported goods only if the importing country has a lower level of quality of domestic production. The introduction of GIs into high‐quality domestic markets can discourage import quality upgrades. This is because domestic producers may prefer to compete for quality rather than price, and imported goods represent a less expensive alternative to high‐quality national goods for consumers. Conversely, in countries where domestic product quality is lower, the introduction of GIs may enhance import quality upgrading because the diffusion of GIs induces domestic consumers to become more demanding in terms of quality for foreign products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geographical Indications (GIs) are the characteristic resource base for realizing rural revitalization, and it is particularly important to recognize the progress of research on GIs. We aimed to map domestic geographical indications research knowledge by related literature. Specifically, we obtained 921 research papers on geographical indication studies from 1994-2022 by filtering keywords through core Chinese journals, and then to explore the issuance stage, author institutions, research hotspots, and the evolution of the subject matter by means of CiteSpace V. 6. 1. R3, and then summarized the research insights by combining with literature reading. The statistical analysis of the literature showed that the research on geographical indications developed most rapidly from 2004 to 2011, the cooperative network of authors engaged in research on geographical indications was few and the scale was small, Xianning College was a high-frequency issuer, and Anhui Agricultural Science and Intellectual Property contained the most articles. The research hotspots covered 7 major clustering themes of geographical indications, agricultural products, intellectual property, trademark law, WTO, protection and rural revitalization. Geographical indications first appeared before 2000 and was the only hot topic. Since 2000, the research topics had gradually expanded into five major themes, and these research hotspots were formed between 2000 and 2004. Since 2004, there had rich subject branches but with a short development cycle. Each theme presented different evolution characteristics. Based on the analysis of cluster themes and keywords, it was found that geographical indications product connotation, geographical indications trademark protection, geographical indications and rural revitalization become the frontier hotspots in the field of geographical indications research. Geographical indications research was important to agricultural economic development and rural industrial revitalization. Domestic studies were rich in research results on intellectual property rights, protection mode, economic benefits, brand building and industrialization development of GI products. While considering the sustainable development, it was necessary to examine both the protection and development of geographical indication products from a ‘local’ perspective. Specially, it was important to integrate the strengths of geography and other multidisciplinary fields to promote the sustainable development of geographical indication products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current era of EU-driven strategies for sustainable local development, the EU Commission has designated the geographical indication (GI) policy as a flagship initiative in 2024. The certification procedure has been simplified, with increased involvement from national and local authorities. This study explores the potential impact of reforms on GIs in Italy, focusing on whether the birthplaces of regional council members receive preferential acknowledgment. Analysing municipal-level data, we employ a Difference in Differences approach and machine learning for counterfactual analysis. Results indicate a higher likelihood of GIs for councillors' birth municipalities, particularly in areas with lower ex-ante institutional quality. These findings underscore the potential consequences of EU reform, warning against political favouritism and inefficient policy management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Iran is a country with an ancient civilization with many unique products and goods. To protect the rights of geographical indications owners, Iran has adopted an Act in this regard. This article aims to examine the strengths and weaknesses of the Iranian Act and the extent of its compliance or non-compliance with international treaties in this field. The results and achievements of this study, which are not limited to Iran and can be used for the international system as well as developing countries, indicate that the multiplicity of international treaties, lack of sanctions or insufficient sanctions, the manner of procedure and proceedings authorities, different interpretations of concepts contrary to public order and good morals, as well as ignoring the issue of labels and barcodes are some of the most important challenges and problems facing the effective protection of geographical indications. Obviously, Iran can protect geographical indications in a more effective way by providing some strategies. Including protection for geographical indications in bilateral or multilateral investment treaties, applying quality control on products bearing geographical indications and intensifying performance guarantees (or sanctions), building culture and increasing coordination between public and private sectors and investing to strengthen the value of geographical indications in the market are among the most important solutions that have been presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to examine the influence of two significant product labelling strategies (geographical indication [GI] vs country-of-origin [COO]) on shaping customer product attitude and purchase likelihood, considering consumers' ethnocentric and cosmopolitan tendencies. The authors also investigate the boundary conditions and intervening mechanisms to manage the adverse consumer product evaluations and present mitigating procedures which reinstate favourable product evaluations and purchase likelihood. Design/methodology/approach: The collected data from these all these studies were analysed using ANOVA and mediation anlaysis. The study tests the proposed hypotheses using three follow-up experimental investigations. Findings: The study found that GI (vs COO) labels have a more significant impact on customers' product evaluation and likelihood of purchase and supported the dispositional effect of ethnocentric and cosmopolitan inclinations. Further, the results indicated that self-product congruence can efficiently regulate consumer dispositions. Also, the results confirmed the significant impact of product identification on influencing consumer attitudes. Practical implications: The above-said insights add practical insights, particularly concerning product labelling. Also, the insights on product attitudes and purchase likelihood intricacies in the context of product labelling enable companies to comprehend better the significance of GI labels, COO labels and self-product congruence. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first time a study has compared the role of two significant product labelling strategies (GI vs COO) in shaping customer product evaluations, confirmed its boundary conditions and shown how to transform them into helpful customer product outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to enrich the knowledge about blockchain (BC) technology implementation in the agri-food industry by providing an interpretive framework of the key marketing opportunities and challenges, related to the adoption of BC for Geographical Indication (GI) products. Design/methodology/approach: The study adopts an explorative qualitative research design through the cognitive mapping technique applied to the cognition of different market players involved in agri-food BC projects: farmers, distributors, companies and consultancies. Findings: This study presents a comprehensive examination of the marketing impacts of BC across various marketing objectives, including product enhancement, brand positioning, consumer relationships, market access and supply chain relationships. It highlights the capability of BC to facilitate data-enabled ecosystems within the agri-food sector, involving supply chain actors and control agencies. Additionally, the study sheds light on the challenges (technological, collaborative, political, financial and organizational) associated with the implementation of BC in the marketing of agri-food products. Research limitations/implications: This work provides a comprehensive examination of the relevance of BC in the marketing activities of firms, particularly in the context of quality food products. It highlights the main areas of impact and effects and emphasizes the complexity of the phenomenon, which extends beyond its technical issues. Furthermore, it offers a systematic exploration of the challenges associated with the adoption of BC in marketing activities, thus contributing to a broader understanding of the implications of BC adoption in companies' marketing strategies. Practical implications: The practical implications for this work addresses both GI companies and policy makers. Implications for companies relate to the market benefits associated with the implementation of BC, which allow further strengthening of market positioning, relationships of trust within the supply chain and integration between physical and digital market channels. The study also systematizes the challenges underlying the implementation of BC projects. The implications for policy makers regard the role they have to play in BC projects at regulatory, financial and policy levels. Originality/value: Studies focusing on BC applications in marketing are still limited and characterized by a very narrow perspective (especially in the food industry). This study contributes to the conceptual design of the marketing applications of BC in the agri-food sector. The value of the study also lies in having framed the marketing impacts of BC in a holistic perspective, along with the technological and non-technological challenges that are related to the integration of BC in marketing strategy and operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study delves into the geographical indication regulations for Klungkung Endek and Songket craft products to ensure legal protection for weaving craftsmen. It is a type of normative legal research employing statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. Data collection techniques include document study, observation, and interviews, and research analysis involves legal interpretation, which is then described qualitatively. The research findings indicate that Geographical Indication products can enhance regional economic capacity and, as such, must be safeguarded from irresponsible producers' claims practices. The challenges faced by craftsmen are primarily associated with the procedures for registering geographical indication products. Urgent efforts are underway to anticipate issues related to several claims concerning Endek and Songket motifs. The Regional Government of Klungkung Regency, through the Cooperatives and MSMEs Service, is actively providing education to Endek and Songket craftsmen regarding the significance of registering regional products as Geographical Indication Rights with the Director General of Intellectual Property Rights of the Republic of Indonesia. This education encompasses workshops, training sessions, and one-on-one consultations to assist craftsmen throughout the registration process.

This study delves into the intricate realm of Moldovan winemaking, focusing on the iconic Fetească Neagră grape variety. The research highlights the importance of indigenous grape varieties in shaping a unique wine identity for the region. Drawing on the concept of terroir, the study investigates the microbial terroir specific to three designated geographical regions in Moldova during the 2022 vintage. The research employs a multifaceted approach, combining climate data analysis, mini vinification experiments, microbial DNA extraction, and sensory evaluation techniques. Results reveal significant variations in climatic conditions and microbial diversity across the three regions, influencing the sensory characteristics of the resulting wines. On vintage 2022the Codru is temperature，and the Stefan-Voda and Vadul lui Traian are warm climates. All the 3 regions are moderately dry. The Stefan Voda is 14.0%，and manifests the highest ethanol content among the regions, alongside the lowest pH level. The sensory evaluations show Stefan Voda evincing heightened creaminess, Codru showcasing prominent herbal nuances, and Vadul lui Traian displaying elevated scores in berry, cherry, violet, and black pepper descriptors. Through meticulous analysis, the study underscores the dynamic interplay between environmental factors, microbial communities, and wine attributes, shedding light on the complex tapestry of Moldovan winemaking. Ultimately, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of terroir-driven wine production and emphasizes the importance of preserving indigenous grape varieties to uphold the distinctiveness of Moldovan wines on the global stage.

The European Union's quality policy is an example of a public policy that attempts to deliver public benefits to the entire European society. It’s a crucial pillar of the Farm to Fork strategy for the transition to a sustainable European food system. The European Commission presented on March 2022 a legislative proposal on EU geographical indications for wine, spirits, and agricultural products (including PDO, PGI and GI), as well as traditional specialities guaranteed and optional quality terms for agricultural products, amending Regulations (EU) No 1308/2013, 2017/1001, and 2019/787 and repealing Regulation (EU) No 1151/2012 and was approved in April 2024. It aims to increase the dissemination of geographical indications and traditional specialities guaranteed, reduce the time required for their registration and strengthen their protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines how differentiated national implementation of EU policies affects later European integration - whether it leads to renewed unified vertical integration, differentiated integration, the status quo or renationalisation. It examines the case of geographical indications (GIs), an EU labelling system for food and drink based on place of origin and processes of production. Despite features such as diverse national interests and gastronationalism, differentiated implementation has resulted in renewed unified vertical integration. The article identifies three processes: EU legislative requirements encouraging the establishment of producer groups; European Court of Justice decisions which gave priority to quality over cross-border trade; the use of free trade negotiations to alter EU rules. While the integration outcomes are those expected by neo-functionalist analyses, the processes are more institutionally-based. Differences in implementation may aid rather than hinder further integration due to institutional features of EU legislation and decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The success of the geographical indication industry relies on the collaborative value creation among its stakeholders. This article presents an evolutionary game model for the triad of associations, firms, and peasant households in the geographical indication industry. The model examines their strategic choices and analyzes the impact of profitability, scale factors, and premium factors across different developmental stages. The study uncovers that while all parties may display collective behavior, there are variations specific to each stage. In periods of low profitability, firms tend to adopt a more cautious approach, while peasant households prioritize overall benefits. Both scale factors and premium factors guide the game towards positive strategies. Consequently, it is recommended to strengthen associations' leadership role by fostering firm accountability in quality governance, reducing costs and risks associated with peasant household participation, safeguarding their rights and interests, enhancing economies of scale for geographical indication products, and bolstering competitiveness and sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Brewing is the property of China Brewing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Geographical indications (GIs) mitigate information asymmetry in agri-food transactions by providing consumers with origin and quality information. This paper explores the impact of GIs on rural development in China by examining agricultural output and farmers' income. Utilizing a large county-level dataset and comprehensive official GI information, this study estimates the impact of GIs on agricultural output and rural income using panel-fixed-effects models. The results reveal that GIs significantly boost agricultural added value and rural per capita disposable income. A series of methods, including difference-in-differences, propensity score matching with difference-in-differences, and double machine learning combined with difference-in-differences using random forests verify the robustness of the results. Moreover, by categorizing GIs based on product types, the analysis reveals heterogeneous effects of different GI categories on agricultural growth and income gains for farmers. The research findings in this paper offer valuable insights to inform policymaking aimed at advancing rural development, raising farmers' incomes, and promoting sustainable agri-food supply chains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Catalana de Dret Ambiental is the property of Universitat Rovira I Virgili and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gdansk Journal of East Asian Studies / Gdanskie Studia Azji Wschodniej is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gdansk Journal of East Asian Studies / Gdanskie Studia Azji Wschodniej is the property of Jagiellonian University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Română de Drept European is the property of Wolters Kluwer Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of GeSec: Revista de Gestao e Secretariado is the property of Sindicato das Secretarias e Secretarios do Estado de Sao Paulo (SINSESP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wine production faces numerous sustainability challenges. The backbone of European wine regulations is the framework for Geographical Indications (GIs), which is currently being reformed as part of the EU's Farm-to-Fork Agenda. An important aspect of the reform is to strengthen the sustainability performance of GIs by allowing the integration of "sustainability undertakings" in GI product specifications. Our paper evaluates this policy approach based on the assessments of stakeholders from the German wine region Franconia and the Italian region of South Tyrol. We use a mixed-methods approach, combining semi-structured interviews and a quantitative survey among wine producers. We interpret our findings through the analytical lens of Elinor Ostrom's Design Principles for the sustainable governance of common-pool resources. Our results show that localized "bottom—up" regulation in the framework of GIs corresponds to many practical and theoretical demands regarding sustainability governance. However, GIs seem to address certain sustainability aspects better than others. Sustainability undertakings in GIs should also avoid adding administrative burden to the already quite rigid GI regime and must be sufficiently inclusive and gradual. Overall, sustainability undertakings in GIs can only be considered as part of a broader policy mix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There is a growing research that considers the geographical indications (GIs) of agricultural products and foodstuffs as commons. However, narrative approaches exploring this relationship are scarce. This research analyzed stories attached to twelve Catalan and Swedish products within the European Union's Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), and Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) schemes to map out how narratives of commons are articulated. The analysis raised four key aspects of the narratives of GIs as commons: i) historical constitution; ii) collective efforts as a driving force behind their value; iii) co-responsibility of the community of producers and related actors; and iv) intangible outputs and focus on heritage. The results show that the narratives of GIs as commons have a stronger presence in Catalonia and more clearly address issues of social engagement and cultural heritage than in Sweden. Internal differences were noted in the two countries and some GIs are more commercially oriented and cater for world markets while others are noncommercial and only regionally consumed. The article contributes to the research on GIs, better connecting their complexities throughout their communicative and narrative constitution and articulation as commons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This Paper seeks to review the articles published in the Journal of Intellectual Property Rights (hereinafter, JIPR) in the third decade of the twenty-first century from Volume 25 (1) (2020) to Volume 28 (5) (2023). In this decade, five new series on different themes of intellectual property rights (hereinafter, IPRs) were started by JIPR which include =IP & Taxation Policy', =Theoretical Underpinnings of IP Laws', =Standard Essential Patents', =IP Laws Declared by the Supreme Court', and =JIPR in IPR Research'. In this decade, a total of 139 articles were published covering different areas of IPRs. The articles published in this decade constitute 14.52 (point five two) percent of the total articles published in JIPR till Volume 28 (5) (2023). In terms of percentage of the articles published in each decade, this decade with 14.52 (point five two) percent comes fourth after the decades 2010-2014 with 26.22 percent, 2005-2009 with 22.98 percent, and 2015-2019 with 15.04 percent. This is the sixth paper on the theme =JIPR in IPR Research' and proceeds with the same argument and method as developed and adopted in the First Paper1 and the sequel papers published under the theme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geographical indications identify a good as originating in the territory of a member or a region or locality in that territory, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristics of the good are essentially attributable to its geographical origin. Geographical Indication is one form of Intellectual Property which must be strived for legal protection for member countries of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The provision is set forth in Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights, especially in Article 22 through Article 24. Indonesia is a member of the WTO that is rich in knowledge, tradition, and culture, with a tropical climate and produces products with high economic potential and cultivated by community groups in certain areas to improve their welfare should obtain adequate legal protection as communal property rights. Constitutionally, Article 33 Paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia determined that "Earth, water and natural resources contained in it are controlled by the state and used for the greatest prosperity of the people". The provision is interpreted that the state is a regulator in the utilization of natural resources, including products, Geographical Indication as communal property rights, and strongly related to Human Rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia is known for its richness of spices, including andaliman. Andaliman is a spice similar to pepper but has a bitter, spicy taste and distinctive aroma. Andaliman only grows in several North Sumatra districts, including the Humbang Hasundutan District. Andaliman Humbang Hasundutan Regency has excellent potential in both national and international markets, and it can be said that andaliman is an Intellectual Property owned by Humbang Hasundutan Regency and Indonesia, which must be given legal protection, namely Geographical Indications. However, until now, no legal protection has been given to Andaliman Humbang Hasundutan. So, this research aims to see whether Geographical Indication protection can be given to Andaliman Humbang Hasundutan Regency based on Law No. 20 of 2016 concerning Brands and Geographical Indications. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods with a normative juridical approach. This research shows that Andaliman Humbang Hasundutan can be given Geographical Indication protection. However, several elements must be improved and fulfilled so that Andaliman Humbang Hasundutan and legal action can be taken by the Government and the people of Humbang Hasundutan Regency to fulfil the elements of Geographical Indication that Andaliman Humbang Hasundutan has not fulfilled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many of the geographical indications (GI) in developing countries are intellectual creations with incredible uniqueness generated by traditional communities and local people. These products are linked to the culture of that community and hence can be considered as traditional cultural expressions (TCE). Dev gangjee and Steven Van Uytsel and argued that TCE can be protected under the law of GI. Moreover, there are many similarities between GI and TCEs. These two forms share some unique characteristics that other intellectual property systems are not indulged in as well as not in concern with of many nations. Handicrafts, textile products, pottery works, jewellery works are some prime examples of TCEs protected under the law of GI in India and Indonesia. This article intends to validate the compatibility of GI laws in providing space for TCEs and give some suggestions for enhanced compatibility. Case study approach has been used as methodology and that the study presumes that the present GI laws in India and Indonesia are not capable of adequately protecting TCE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)