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Racial/ethnic minorities, especially people racialized as Black and Latino, face disadvantages at work. Our research reaffirms and adds insight into this disadvantage, showing that compared to people racialized as White, racial minorities experience limited internal mobility and as a result greater geographic instability. Using data from a longitudinal study of the careers of NCAA Division I assistant and associate head basketball coaches, we show first that these coaches are more likely to experience internal job mobility if they are White. We also consider what this means for race differences in geographic mobility, establishing that coaches who are White move shorter distances following a job change on average because they are more likely to experience internal occupational mobility. These findings highlight yet another way restricted work opportunity culminates to disadvantage racial minorities in this profession. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spatial clustering of life satisfaction scores noted in recent empirical research suggests that 'happier' people may live in specific neighbourhoods or regions. This prompts the questions: Do 'happier' people choose to move to specific places? Does living in specific places make people 'happier'? To answer these questions, this paper explores possible occurrences of selective mobility, and social and ecological influence. Using panel data collected in Australia from 2013 to 2021, we examine the association between life satisfaction scores and selective geographic mobility, and the possible influence that living at specific locations may have on individual life satisfaction trajectory, while controlling for individual personality traits and socio-demographic factors. Our results indicate that urban residents reporting lower life satisfaction scores before the move have a higher probability of moving to a rural area. Similarly, lower life satisfaction scores are associated with a higher probability of moving to a region with a different climate. We also find evidence that moving from the city to the country is associated with an uplift of the life satisfaction trajectory for the individual. A similar conclusion is reached for people who moved to a warmer climate, but not for a move to a cooler climate. To our knowledge, this is the first time the concepts of selective mobility and social and ecological influence have been applied in life satisfaction research. Our work provides an indicator that can be important to demographers predicting population movements. It can also inform policy development around assisting regional and rural areas attract/ retain residents to support regional sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study how Americans respond to idiosyncratic and exogenous changes in household wealth and unearned income. Our analyses combine administrative data on U.S. lottery winners with an event study design. We first examine individual and household earnings responses to these windfall gains, finding significant and sizable wealth and income effects. On average, an extra |${\$}$| 1 of unearned income in a given period reduces household labor earnings by about 50 cents, decreases total labor taxes by 10 cents, and increases consumption expenditure by 60 cents. These effects are heterogeneous across the income distribution, with households in higher quartiles of the income distribution reducing their earnings by a larger amount. Next we examine margins of adjustment other than earnings and, in the course of doing so, address a number of important economic questions about how additional wealth or unearned income affect retirement decisions and labor market dynamics, family formation and dissolution, entrepreneurship and self-employment, and geographic mobility and neighborhood choice. Last, we carefully compare our findings to those reported in existing lottery studies. This comparison reveals that existing U.S. studies substantially underestimate wealth and income effects because they use measures that understate the earnings responses and overstate the after-tax wealth changes associated with lottery wins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the study is to compare work disability duration of intraprovincially and interprovincially mobile workers with nonmobile workers in British Columbia, Canada. Methods: Workers' compensation claims were extracted for workers injured between 2010 and 2019. Employer and residential postal codes were converted to economic regions to define nonmobile, intraprovincially, and interprovincially mobile workers. Quantile regression models using matched cohorts were used to estimate differences in work disability days at different percentiles of the distribution. Results: Compared with nonmobile workers, both mobile worker groups had longer work disability durations, particularly interprovincially mobile workers. Differences persisted in injury-stratified models and were partially or fully attenuated in some industry-stratified models. Conclusions:Workers' compensation systems, employers, and healthcare providers may need to tailor specific interventions for mobile workers who are from out-of-province as well as traveling between regions in the province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proposed novel algorithm named decision-making algorithm with geographic mobility (DMAGM) includes detailed analysis of decision-making for cognitive radio (CR) that considers a multivariable algorithm with geographic mobility (GM). Scarce research work considers the analysis of GM in depth, even though it plays a crucial role to improve communication performance. The DMAGM considerably reduces latency in order to accurately determine the best communication channels and includes GM analysis, which is not addressed in other algorithms found in the literature. The DMAGM was evaluated and validated by simulating a cognitive radio network that comprises a base station (BS), primary users (PUs), and CRs considering random arrivals and disappearance of mobile devices. The proposed algorithm exhibits better performance, through the reduction in latency and computational complexity, than other algorithms used for comparison using 200 channel tests per simulation. The DMAGM significantly reduces the decision-making process from 12.77% to 94.27% compared with ATDDiM, FAHP, AHP, and Dijkstra algorithms in terms of latency reduction. An improved version of the DMAGM is also proposed where feedback of the output is incorporated. This version is named feedback-decision-making algorithm with geographic mobility (FDMAGM), and it shows that a feedback system has the advantage of being able to continually adjust and adapt based on the feedback received. In addition, the feedback version helps to identify and correct problems, which can be beneficial in situations where the quality of communication is critical. Despite the fact that the FDMAGM may take longer than the DMAGM to calculate the best communication channel, constant feedback improves efficiency and effectiveness over time. Both the DMAGM and the FDMAGM improve performance in practical scenarios, the former in terms of latency and the latter in terms of accuracy and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Central Asian Economic Review is the property of Narxoz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In search and rescue (SAR) operations, up-to-date information on the terrain is critical because every additional hour required to search for a person reduces the likelihood of success. Therefore, it is necessary to provide quick access and the best possible input data for planners and search teams and to develop tools that can help them plan and monitor actions in real-time. This paper describes a novel system based on the use of GIS for planning actions and visualizing the situation on the ground. Special focus is devoted to the algorithm for assessing the mobility of the missing person. Using this algorithm, the area of the proposed search area is modeled based on obtained information about the type of terrain on which the searches are planned. The obtained results are presented as a new Geographic Information System layer and have proven to be a quality that helps in defining the search space. Further research is discussed, especially regarding the assessment of the passability of certain types of terrain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article responds to the uncritical use of chronological time and the strict division between past, present, and future when thinking about mobility behavior or mobility decisions. On the basis of this critique, it introduces the concept of intentional automobility, which relies on the Bergsonian–Deleuzian conception of time—duration (la durée). It shows that transport-mode decisions are not only made in the present, separated from the past and the future, but that the past and the future are part of every such decision. Using the example of the metropolitan area of Brno, Czech Republic, a postsocialist space, we show how differently socialist and postsocialist societies can be temporally normalized. At the same time, contemporary postsocialist mobility decisions are still influenced by socialist time norms—chrononormatives. Our main research question is how everyday mobility decisions between the car and public transport are influenced by the temporal norms of the society. To answer this question, we have employed a mixed methods research design that has been divided into a quantitative analysis of mode choice for individual trips and a qualitative analysis of statements about mode choice. Key findings include the relationship between transport-mode preference and a particular chrononormative. We identify four contexts—time, routing, alcohol, and everyday activity planning—in which the chrononormatives associated with the car and public transport are substitutable. It is on this basis that we introduce intentional automobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Older cancer survivors often value quality of life (QOL) over survival. Life-space mobility (LSM), defined as the individual's spatial geographic mobility range, is an important QOL indicator in older adults with chronic illnesses; however, this relationship is unexplored in older cancer survivors. Methods: We examined the longitudinal associations and causal relationships between LSM and QOL in 153 older cancer survivors (≥65years) from the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Study of Aging. LSM was assessed using the UAB Life-Space Assessment-Composite score (LSA-C), and QOL was assessed by the SF-12 Mental Component Score (MCS12) and Physical Component Score (PCS12) at 0 (study entry), 6, 18, 36, 54, and 72months. We examined the causal relationship between LSM and QOL using a cross-lagged panel model (CLPM). Results: The cohort (n=153) was 76 years old on average and predominantly White (58%), female (58%), and married (55%). Longitudinal analyses found LSM decreased over time (p<0.0001), and this decrease was associated with decreased QOL (PCS12, p<0.0001, MCS12, p<0.0001). In the CLPM causal analysis, lower LSM resulted in worse PCS12 (p<0.001), but not worse MSC12. Conclusions: Restricted LSM resulted in worse physical QOL over 72months in a sample of 153 older cancer survivors. Developing and evaluating interventions to preserve greater LSM could be a promising approach to improving QOL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Íkala: Revista de Lenguaje y Cultura is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This document is a lesson plan titled "Leaving South Carolina: A Case Study of Geographic Mobility." It explores the concept of geographic mobility through the story of Elias Hill, a Black Baptist preacher who led a group of his congregation to emigrate to Liberia in Africa during the American Reconstruction. The lesson incorporates geospatial technologies and is intended for a human geography course. It aims to highlight the role of geographic mobility in Black American life and encourages students to read and create their own maps. The lesson also provides links to relevant materials and outlines the standards and skills that can be addressed through the activity. [Extracted from the article]

The new religion of Spiritualism emerged in the mid-19th century. Through mediumship, Spiritualists contacted the dead, believing them to have "passed over" to another plane of existence. It spread from America to Great Britain before arriving in Australia in the 1850s. This article charts the history of the world's oldest continuously running Spiritualist organisation, the Victorian Spiritualists' Union (VSU, est. 1870), exploring the unexpected survival of the movement in Australia. It challenges the common idea that Spiritualism enjoyed only a brief revival in the interwar period and has maintained a tenuous status ever since. Rather, I argue that Spiritualism has experienced several peaks and troughs since its emergence in Australia, including a widespread revival in the 1970s, spearheaded by the VSU. Spiritualism in Australia survives due to the development of a church movement, the advocacy of groups such as the VSU, the generous volunteer efforts of individual Spiritualists, the acquisition of church buildings, and its geographic mobility, all of which have allowed Spiritualist churches to be responsive to changing social and cultural conditions for more than a century. It is one of Australia's largest and most resilient alternative religious movements, not simply a Victorian-era curio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We identify the causal impact of quarantining welfare payments on Aboriginal children's school attendance by exploiting exogenous variation in its rollout across communities. We find that income quarantining reduced attendance by 4.7 percent on average in the first five months. Attendance eventually returned to its initial level, but never improved. The attendance penalty does not operate through changes in student enrollments, geographic mobility, or other policy initiatives. Instead, we demonstrate that financial disruption may be responsible for the temporary reduction in school attendance. Supplemental analysis suggests that the policy rollout may have increased family discord. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automated census linkage algorithms have become popular for generating longitudinal data on social mobility, especially for immigrants and their children. But what if these algorithms are particularly bad at tracking immigrants? This study utilizes a database on nineteenth-century Irish immigrants, generated from the most widely used algorithms, created by Abramitzky, Boustan, and Eriksson (ABE). Our objective is to assess the extent to which different individuals are erroneously linked together across census years and the consequences of these "false positives" for calculating social mobility. Our findings raise serious questions about the quality of the matches generated by the "first generation" of automated census linkage algorithms. False positives range from about one-third to one-half of all links. These bad links lead to sizeable estimation errors when measuring Irish immigrant social and geographic mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces four new intergenerational and multigenerational datasets which follow both sons and daughters and which can be used to study the persistence of longevity, socioeconomic status, family structure, and geographic mobility across generations. The data follow the children of Black and White Union Army (US Civil War, 1861-5) veterans from birth to death, linking them to the available censuses. The White samples include an over-sample of children of ex-POWs. A separate collection links grandchildren of White Union Army veterans to their death records. The data were created with high quality manual linkage procedures utilizing a wide variety of records to establish links. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic exerted devastating effects on the global economy, public health, and urban life. The geographical consequences lie in spatial time series dimensions, but the chaotic characteristics hinder intuitive understanding. Aiming to discover the variance of urban mobility in the pandemic context, this article presents a hybrid clustering technique called whole time sequence mixture (WTSM). The combination of whole time and subsequence techniques ensures robustness to data volume, dimensionality, sampling, distortion tasks, and a prior constraint. For yellow taxi trips in New York City, the case study spanned the pre-, mid-, and postpandemic periods and compared the performance of the established methods (symbolic aggregate approximation and dynamic time warping) and WTSM techniques. Findings revealed COVID-19 trends and social restriction-induced mobility variations and determined that vaccine supply did not lead to immediate mobility restoration. Meanwhile, concepts of validation indexes and computational complexity corroborate the superiority of WTSM. The transient cluster arising from temporal dissimilarity is a unique finding of WTSM, which led to high cluster cohesion and separation. WTSM can obtain new knowledge and rationale for urgent government intervention and epidemic management, not sacrificing computational efficiency and clustering quality. With the improved storage capability and desire for multidimensional pattern extraction, the increased accessibility to the chaotic time series data sets could promote further studies and help administrative schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the embedded and embodied 'culture of geographic mobility' across contemporary visual artists' careers and its impacts on their feelings towards mobility and home. This article uncovers the under-explored aspects about artists' lifestyles, for whom geographic cross-border mobilities across Europe are a necessity throughout these artists' careers. In addition to changes in mobility patterns, pace, motives over their careers, there are also changes in their feelings towards mobilities and home across their careers and as they become older (career and age wise). Mobile careers can often start with feelings of freedom and comfort in having mobile homes. However, the effects of having mobile careers long-term can result in feelings of ambivalence, tensions and anguish towards mobility vis-à-vis home. This longitudinal study draws upon two sets of interviews conducted eight years apart with the same fifteen contemporary visual artists from Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. They were first interviewed in 2013 at the emerging stage in their career and they were interviewed again in 2021 at the established stage in their career. The nexus between careers, mobility and home helps to expand the 'mobilities paradigm', by sharing new knowledge on contemporary visual artists' mobilities and its effects on feelings of home across their careers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conditional cash transfer programmes have spread to over 60 countries in the past two decades, but little is known about their long-term effects. We estimate the lasting impact of childhood exposure to the Mexico's flagship programme Progresa by leveraging the age structure of benefits and geographic variation in early programme penetration nationwide. Childhood exposure improves women's outcomes in early adulthood with increases in educational attainment, geographic mobility, labour market performance and household living standards. For men, effects are smaller and more difficult to distinguish from spatial convergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anadromous fish challenge human jurisdictions and are exposed to cumulative pressures originating in the marine, freshwater, and terrestrial realms. Here, a detailed questionnaire survey to anadromous fishers (river Mondego, n = 35; international river Minho/Miño, n = 38) assesses and compares perceptions on sustainability and management for important small-scale estuarine and inland fisheries in the NW Iberian Peninsula. There are differences in the governance and fisheries management of the two systems, but exploitation patterns are similar. Revenue importance of fishing, professional exclusivity, and geographic mobility in the last two generations significantly decline upstream in both rivers. The intangible "contact with nature" is the most valued dimension of fishing, common across rivers and longitudinal position. A long tradition in the fishing profession and a strong generational continuity are still detected, especially in the river Minho, but there are signs of diminishing likelihood of hand-over to younger generations. Fishers detect environmental degradation (e.g., perceptions of increase in exotic species and pollution in both rivers, increase in siltation in the river Minho) and overexploitation (perception of decrease in allis shad abundance in the river Minho and increase in sea lamprey poaching in the river Mondego) that will require reactive governance under external drivers that intensify such problems. Better communication, to clarify and improve fishery rules, and more deliberation, to legitimize fisheries management and increase its capacity to contribute towards integrated approaches at the level of watersheds, are locally explored solutions that can have global relevance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Binary distinctions between 'refugees' and 'economic migrants' continue to prevail in humanitarian discourse, with asylum policies heavily focusing on refugees' vulnerabilities and reduced choices. By addressing the paradox between vulnerability and agency embedded in the international protection regime, this article aims to lay the foundations for reconceptualising aspirations in contexts of displacement and highly constrained mobility. First, we analyse how the current asylum regime selectively encourages certain aspirations among refugees and delegitimises others which do not fit the image of the hopeless refugee deserving assistance. Then, we pursue three new analytical avenues in adding nuance to previous versions of the aspiration–capability framework. First, we discuss the importance of aspirations to stay in contexts of displacement and suggest that aspirations to stay and to migrate should not be seen as mutually exclusive. Second, drawing on psychological studies, we highlight that aspirations can be an emotional resource even in contexts where their realisation seems to be or certainly is unreachable. Lastly, we propose looking at the political dimensions of individual and collective aspirations to understand how displaced people can strive to induce social and political change despite the structural constraints they face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We extend the Becker-Tomes model to a rural economy with farm-nonfarm occupational dualism to study intergenerational educational mobility in rural China and India. Using data free of coresidency bias, we find that fathers' nonfarm occupation and education were complementary in determining sons schooling in India, but separable in China. Sons faced lower mobility in India irrespective of fathers' occupation. Sensitivity analysis using the Altonji et al. (J. Polit. Econ. 113(1), 151–84, 2005) approach suggests that genetic correlations alone could explain the intergenerational persistence in China, but not in India. Farm-nonfarm differences in returns to education, and geographic mobility are plausible mechanisms behind the contrasting cross-country evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A widely held belief is that autocratic governments have been more effective in reducing the movement of people to curb the spread of COVID-19. Using daily information on lockdown measures and geographic mobility across more than 130 countries, we find that autocratic regimes have indeed imposed more stringent lockdowns and relied more on contact tracing. However, we find no evidence that autocratic governments were more effective in reducing travel, and evidence to the contrary: compliance with the lockdown measures taken was higher in countries with democratically accountable governments. Exploring a host of potential mechanisms, we provide suggestive evidence that democratic institutions are associated with attitudes that support collective action, such as mounting a coordinated response to a pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the appearance of more and more bandwidth consuming applications in today's mobile data services market, telecom operators can no longer rely on price to attract and retain subscribers. Seamless roaming has become an important value-added service for improving back-end billing, subscriber relationships, bandwidth preservation through aggregation, quality of service and revenue generation. The paper presents the Mobile IP framework and methodology for supporting seamless global roaming within a geographic mobility domain. The goals and challenges of secured and seamless roaming solution are investigated. The responsibility of individual layers of the TCP/IP protocol stack is ill-defined with respect to mobility. The paper highlights the need for an adaptive generic algorithm to select, optimize and maintain transparent network connectivity for mobile users on the move, despite changing connection types and locations in a heterogeneous network environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since prehistoric times, the island of Sardinia—in the western Mediterranean—has played a leading role in the dynamics of human population and mobility, in the circulation of raw materials and artefacts, idioms and customs, of technologies and ideas that have enriched the biological, linguistic and cultural heritage of local groups. For the Phoenician and Punic periods (from the 9th to the 3rd centuries BCE), the ancient site of Nora—in southern Sardinia—represents an emblematic case in the study of migratory phenomena that occurred on the Island from the Iron Age until the Roman conquest. Despite the importance of exploring (and characterising) such movements from a wider bio-cultural perspective, the application of bio-geochemical tools for geographical provenance to the ancient skeletal populations of Sardinia is yet scarce. The present work is the first step towards filling this gap with the development of the first isoscape of southern Sardinia using new bioavailable Sr isotope data and a machine-learning approach. From a geolithological point of view, Sardinia is rather heterogeneous and requires detailed studies to correctly assess the distribution of the isotopic signature of bioavailable Sr. The random forest model employed here to construct the Sr isoscape uses several external environmental and geological variables. The most important predictors are related to age and bedrock type, with additional input from local soil properties. A 10-fold cross-validation gives a mean square error of 0.0008 and an R-squared of 0.81, so the model correctly predicts the 87Sr/86Sr ratio of unknown areas. By using a Bayesian provenance assignment workflow, we tested the isoscape here produced to determine the geographic origin and the mobility of archaeological and modern fauna collected from the Phoenician-Punic site of Nora and the surrounding Pula Plain. Our results indicate that archaeological sheep and goats (87Sr/86Sr < 0.7090) are compatible with areas close to Nora and Pula Plain, in agreement with archaeological evidence of pastoralism in those areas. Modern wild and domesticated fauna (87Sr/86Sr > 0.7090) show compatibility with several natural and anthropogenic locations in southern Sardinia, as expected based on modern species distribution data. Finally, we discuss the large Sr isotopic variability of the Nora baseline, where human mobility studies of human cremated and inhumed individuals are currently underway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of the 18th century, the territories in South Portuguese America near the border with Spanish America were occupied by individuals from different origins. In addition to populating and maintaining the Rio Grande de São Pedro territory, they were also responsible for making investments and boosting the region’s economy. At the same time, resources were invested in the first charqueadas in the Pelotas region, transforming it into the leading supplier of jerky meat in Brazil until the end of the 19th century. These investments ensured their owner’s socio-economic distinction. Based on the reconstitution of the life paths of three individuals linked to the Azores archipelago who migrated to Rio Grande do Sul, the objective of this work is to trace some trajectories, observe concrete case studies in geographic mobility and accompany the attempts to achieve socio- -occupational ascension through migration. The analyzed historical sources are based on parish documentation through which it is possible to reconstitute the family migration networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past two decades, migrants' homeownership has received increasing attention, as migrants have become increasingly heterogeneous in terms of socio‐economic status and choice of the destination city. However, how migrants move across the urban hierarchy and thereby affect their housing consumption has received scant attention. Using the 2017 China Migrants Dynamic Survey, this study examines the relationship between migrants' socio‐economic status and their geographic mobility along the urban hierarchy, as well as the impacts on their housing outcomes in the destination city. Employing generalised structural equation modelling, the results show that migrants with higher education levels and higher family income are more likely to make an upward movement, through which they accumulated their capital and advantages to overcome difficulties and settle in the destination. However, the steeper they climb along the urban hierarchy, the less likely they could own a home in the destination city. This study contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the divergence in migrants' geographic mobility and its importance in understanding the variegated housing outcomes among the migration population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rate of people moving within the United States is at one of its lowest points in U.S. history, while China has experienced unprecedented levels of domestic migration. While both are world-leading economies, these countries demonstrate stark contrasts in geographic mobility, urbanization, and economic growth. Despite these differences, social factors affect migration capabilities in both places, with some people more mobile than others. This study assesses internal migration and highlights the structural and social determinants of mobility in both countries. This article's analysis reveals an accentuated downturn and the longest annual decline recorded in the U.S. Evidence shows declining internal migration in the U.S. primarily occurring at the local level and amongst renters. Large and expensive American cities have had significant losses of residents in recent years. By contrast, China's "floating population" has increased as migrants move to cities. This study examines trends from 2010 to 2020 to compare the two countries regarding internal migration, urbanization, housing, social mobility, and economic growth. However, rather than simply comparing them, the paper argues that the internal migration dynamics in both countries are, to a degree, connected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critical readers of the book "Contested concepts" have pointed out the choice of concepts that are being treated is debatable. It has also been said that the book suffers from "European parochialism". However, it could be argued that a more valid criticism would be that we should have focussed more on the effects of language, linguistically embedded discourses and the difference of perspective of scholars living in "sending" countries of migration flows rather than focus on the point of view of scholars working in "destination countries". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migration is as old as mankind. The academic study of migration has attracted the interest of scholars from an array of disciplinary areas. It is interesting to note that as the degree of complexity of aspects and consequences of migration increases, the degree of generalisability of study of its various dimensions and their application decreases. The present comment attempts to establish that a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of migration needs to factor in experiences from different regions particularly south Asia. The south Asian case is significant as it exhibits a combination of all possible dimensions of migration, mobility and displacement compounded by a mix of the socio-cultural and economic categories, so much so that the seemingly simple process of migration is having serious implications for domestic politics, international relations and geo-politics in some cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This critical reflection essay responds to John Mollenkopf's review of the book "Contested Concepts in Migration Studies" (Routledge 2022). Rather than take a comprehensive overview of individual chapters within the edited collection, this essay suggests that occupying an ontological and epistemological perspective that is rooted in and starting from Asia produces alternative understandings of concepts typically used to study international migration and mobility. It calls attention to demographic, historical and temporal structures that characterize the region and argues that to fully interrogate the contested nature of key conceptions used to study contemporary migration, it is imperative to take Asian migrations as both an empirical site of inquiry, as well as a basis for the formation of theory and ideas. In doing so, it may lead to the productive questioning and rethinking of established notions that have long been taken-for-granted in centres of knowledge production in Europe and North America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the first longitudinal analysis of social and geographic mobility into Britain's higher managerial and professional occupations. Using linked census records from the Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study, we find that those from advantaged social origins are substantially more likely to make long-distance residential moves, implying that geographic mobility is a correlate of advantaged social origins rather than a determinant of an advantaged adult class position. Among higher managers and professionals, those with advantaged backgrounds lived in more affluent areas as children than those from disadvantaged backgrounds. This 'area gap' persists during adulthood: when the upwardly mobile move, they are unable to close the gap to their peers with privileged backgrounds in terms of the affluence of the areas they live in: they face a moving target. Geographic advantage, and disadvantage, thus lingers with individuals, even if they move. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Externalized "migration management" in West Africa involves different infrastructures of monitoring, control, and blockage of mobility. By taking the Kantchari/Makalondi borderland between Burkina Faso and Niger as a case, we study infrastructures that condition (im)mobility. We analyze infrastructures that both support migrant mobility and serve the European idea of keeping Africans in their place, but also analyze how these infrastructures are subverted, challenged, and used by the ones who are supposed to be immobilized by them in order to remain mobile. Hence, we develop a relational view of the infrastructure of (im)mobilities as a dynamic network of social organization, economic order, and technological integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientific Journal of Agricultural Sciences (SJAS) is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Geographic mobility, or transience, is relatively common among people experiencing homelessness. However, little is known about whether mobility facilitates or impedes service access. The present research uses a lens of bureaucratic disentitlement and administrative burden to explore the intersection of geographic mobility and adult homeless service use, with special attention paid to understanding dynamics between local and federal policy implementation. Method: Maximum variation sampling was used to recruit 23 homeless service providers from Continuums of Care (CoCs) in urban and rural counties in New York State. Data were collected through semistructured qualitative interviews and analyzed using an iterative first- and second-cycle coding procedure to build themes. Findings: Participants described two mobility-related barriers to accessing services that stem from service system policies, procedures, and resources. First, county-level policy can both disincentivize and create mobility. Second, mobility can hinder the initial stages of the coordinated entry process. Conclusions: Geographic mobility matters when understanding access to emergency shelter and services. Service system procedures and governing policies can create administrative burdens and other barriers to services for individuals with a history of mobility or transience. Theoretical and practice contributions are discussed, including strategies for working with local government and improving coordinated entry systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arid Zone Research / Ganhanqu Yanjiu is the property of Arid Zone Research Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ekonomske Ideje i Praksa is the property of Centar za Izdavacku Delatnost Ekonomskog Fakulteta u Beogradu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Precipitation anomalies are associated with a number of poor health outcomes. One potential consequence of precipitation extremes is human geographic mobility. We evaluated the associations between precipitation anomalies (droughts and heavy rains) and short-term mobility in 23 sub-Saharan African countries by linking satellite data on precipitation to cross-sectional representative surveys. Methods: Using data from 23 Demographic and Health Surveys from 2011 to 2017, we estimated the associations between deviations in long-term rainfall trends and short-term mobility among 294,539 women and 136,415 men over 15 years of age. We fit multivariable logistic regression models to assess potential non-linear relationships between rainfall deviations and short-term mobility, adjusting for survey month and socio-demographic covariates, and stratified by participant gender. Furthermore, we assessed whether these associations differed by marital status. Results: Rainfall deviations were associated with short-term mobility among women, but not men. The relationship between rainfall deviations and mobility among women was U-shaped, such that women had increased marginal probabilities of mobility in instances of both lower and heavier precipitation. Differences between married and unmarried women were also revealed: among married women, we found positive associations between both rainfall deviation extremes (drought and heavy rains) and mobility; however, among unmarried women, there was only a positive association for heavy rains. Conclusion: Precipitation anomalies were associated with short-term mobility among women, which may be in turn associated with poor health outcomes. More research with longitudinal data is needed to elaborate the associations between weather shocks, mobility, and downstream health impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The question of whether environmental conditions influence human migration has attracted considerable attention from researchers in recent years. Despite this high level of interest, little is known about the relationship between producers' perceptions of environmental threats and their decision to migrate, particularly in developing countries where they are increasingly vulnerable. To address this issue, a survey was conducted in the cotton zone of northern Benin to collect data on 630 producers' perceptions of climate threats. Results from econometric modeling indicate that perceived adverse environmental conditions increase the migration of agricultural producers to new destinations. Overall, the results support that migration is not a direct consequence of environmental change but rather an adaptive strategy deemed efficient by migrants to cope with the adverse consequences of environmental change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The neighborhood effect averaging problem (NEAP) points out that the effect and statistical significance of mobility-dependent environmental exposure on health behaviors or outcomes by the residence-based approach might be overestimated compared with the exposure estimates considering daily mobility. NEAP studies, however, are recently only proven in pollution and congestion exposure. The neighborhood effect bias might have another form in other environmental exposures, the neighborhood effect polarization problem (NEPP), which describes the situation where the overall trend of mobile exposure is more polarized than residential exposure. Taking green exposure as a typical case, 554 Beijing residents were studied regarding the relationship between residence- and mobility-based green exposures. After controlling socioeconomic factors, time, and other built environmental factors, the cluster robust logit and ordinary least squares models combined with the parameter test were used to discuss the neighborhood effect trend of green exposure under the background of mobility. The results show the following: (1) NEPP exists in green exposure; (2) NEPP is most likely to occur when residential green space is measured by accessibility and visibility; and (3) the green demand of residential green advantaged groups is higher, which is the potential cause of NEPP. This study demonstrates the existence of NEPP and reveals another form of neighborhood health effect bias and potentially more serious environmental justice problems that exist in the travel environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Free trade agreements (FTAs) can ignite domestic conflicts between export‐ and import‐competing industries over trade gains. However, if the factors of production, such as capital and labour, move freely across industries, the returns to factor owners will quickly converge. Then, sectoral conflicts over FTAs will be less likely to arise. We analyse the case of South Korea's FTAs to measure (a) sectoral FTA gains and (b) interindustry factor mobility and to examine (c) the role of interindustry factor mobility in mitigating sectoral conflicts over trade policies. South Korea is an ideal case study due to the low barriers to domestic geographic mobility and high trade dependence. Based on data on its trade with 252 countries and factor returns between 2002 and 2017, we find that export industries did not gain much from the FTAs, while the import‐competing agricultural sector was the winner. Sectoral conflicts greatly decreased over 2008–2010. Interindustry capital mobility plays a significant role in weakening the sectoral conflicts, while the impact of interindustry labour mobility is limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study majority voting over selfishly optimal nonlinear income tax schedules proposed by a continuum of workers who can migrate between two competing jurisdictions. Both skill level and migration cost are the private information of each worker who will propose an allocation schedule that maximizes the utility of her own type. We identify reasonable scenarios in which the first-order approach applies and hence the second-order sufficient condition for incentive compatibility is fulfilled; otherwise, we need to apply the ironing surgery developed by Brett and Weymark (Games Econ Behav 101:172–188, 2017). Under quasilinear-in-consumption preferences, we show that the tax schedule proposed by the median skill type is the Condorcet winner, and provide a complete characterization of this tax schedule. While this schedule features negative marginal tax rates for low-skilled workers, it features positive rates for high-skilled workers with small migration elasticities; the marginal tax rates at the bottom and top skill levels cannot be unambiguously signed. Moreover, we detail the conditions under which migration induces uniformly higher or lower equilibrium marginal tax rates facing both low- and high-skilled workers than their counterparts in autarky, which leads us to conclude that geographic mobility does not always limit the government's ability to redistribute incomes via tax-transfer systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Firm-induced migration typically entails firms relocating workers to fill value-creating positions at destination locations. But such relocated workers are often exposed to external employment opportunities at their destinations, possibly triggering turnover. We conceptualize the firm-induced migration path, consisting of the relocated workers' place of origin and destination, as relevant in determining worker performance and turnover postrelocation. Using a unique data set from a large Indian technology firm that hires talent from both large cities and smaller towns, we document robust econometric patterns by exploiting the firm's randomized assignment of workers to production centers across the country. These production centers are located in the largest technology cluster in India (Bangalore), smaller technology clusters, and noncluster locations. We find that the firm-induced migration path shapes both worker performance and turnover. Compared with workers from large cities, workers from smaller towns achieve higher performance when relocated to Bangalore than to other production centers, but are also more likely to join competing firms. Fine-grained data on employment and human-capital-augmentation opportunities at workers' destination locations, and on socioeconomic conditions in workers' places of origin, help us rule in an abductive explanation: across firm-induced migration paths, differences in external labor-market opportunities between workers' places of origin and their destinations, as well as intrafirm skill-development opportunities at the destination, are related to heterogeneous human-capital outcomes. This paper was accepted by Alfonso Gambardella, business strategy. Supplemental Material: The e-companion and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4361. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the within country geographic mobility of researcher from their graduating universities and its relationship with publication productivity, paying special attention to the roles of Academicians, a member of the Chinese Academy of Science or Engineering. Various individual and institutional characteristics of researchers in environmental science and engineering in China and their publication productivity are collected and analyzed. We find that researcher geographic mobility from graduating institutions is generally associated with individual traits such as academic rank and age, and institutional characteristics such as school ranking and location. Researchers moving further away from their graduating institutions are generally associated with less productivity. The negative association can be explained by the fact that a significant portion of researchers stay within the same university where they received their highest degree; and these researchers are more productive than their peers who are hired from external institutions. Having an Academician in an institution is shown to be positively related to the likelihood of same university hires, and meanwhile positively related to higher publication productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the specific occurrence of local officials from the period of the Principate who performed administrative and priestly functions in several different cities in the province of Dalmatia. According to some authors, this type of movement is called geographic mobility. Five examples from the province were analyzed, of which one is from Doclea, three from Salona and one from municipium S. They are mostly dignitaries who were in office at the end of the first and during the second century. The officials we deal with performed mostly common functions such as decurion, duovir or priest of the imperial cult. However, on their inscriptions we also come across duties that are very rare in the epigraphic corpus not only of the province of Dalmatia but of the Roman Empire in general, such as dispunctor and curator rei publicae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobility is at the heart of the magistrate's identity. It is encouraged to avoid “notabilization” and valued because it allows polyvalence. The juvenile judge may appear as a particular judge, because he is a judge who is expected to have a good knowledge of his territory. This article examines the causes that explain the mobility of juvenile judges and the territorial differences in this area. The explanation of mobility lies in the link between the attractiveness of the territory and its courts density, understood as the degree of concentration of different courts in a given area. A very attractive area associated with a low courts density is a configuration that exerts a centrifugal force that keeps judges within a limited area: promotion is later and judges only hold the position of juvenile court judge in this court. On the other hand, an area with a modest attractiveness but a high courts density is a configuration where the balance of centrifugal and centripetal forces authorizes mobility to other areas or allows for significant sub-regional mobility: promotion is early and judges hold several positions as juvenile court judges in their career. Finally, we note a notable change in strategies between the beginning of the study period (the 1980s) and its end (the 2010s). This can be explained by changes in the demographics of the magistrates and by the various reforms affecting careers. Despite the persistence of local particularities, the strategies tend to become more homogenous from the 2000s onwards. In most cases, second-grade juvenile judges now hold these positions for a short period of time, while judges who take up these positions at the same time as becoming “vice-presidents” hold them for a much longer period.