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Coastal ecosystems are recognized as complex and sensitive, and they are also unique due to the mutual influences of marine and continental processes, as well as social actions that impact them. The coastline, whether in its naturais state or influenced by human activities, undergoes periodic movements of advance and retreat, which can pose risks to ecosystems and adjacent urban areas. This work presents results on the rates of coastal mobility at the national scale and some possible correlations with patterns of land use and occupancy in municipalities facing the sea. It was identified that the Brazilian coast is predominantly rural (87%), with forest vegetation as the predominant cover. Coastal erosion occurs along 32% of the Brazilian coast, with rates ranging from weak (7.4%) to extreme (11.2%), showing significant regional discrepancies. Areas where there is a tendency for coastal erosion in urbanized or occupied areas are found along approximately 10% of the Brazilian coast, but they are still relevant due to the significant population concentration in these areas. The good news is that the focus of coastal erosion analysis, aimed at mitigating its impacts, can be concentrated on the occupied areas with higher risks. At the federal level, it is considered necessary to deepen diagnoses using unified methods, make projections regarding climate change, and develop sectoral mitigation plans considering the specificities of each coastal region, while also establishing criteria for environmental licensing of projects that affect the stability of the coastline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to contribute with the conceptual elaboration for the field of marine geography. It recognizes that it is a complex and unusual front to this line of research, but it is justified by the need to improve the integration between science and management for coastal and oceanic spatialities: a central aspect in the premises of Marine Spatial Planning and Integrated Coastal Management. Geographical surveys in these spaces have predominated from dynamic approaches on physical phenomena - geological, climatic, geomorphological and / or oceanographic. These advances have resulted in unequivocal contributions in the scope of public policies in Brazil. With the intensification of urbanization and the flow of objects and actions, systemic interrelations and resulting environmental implications, the intensification of anthropic interference in the seas, oceans and coasts extends to a territorial condition to these spaces. Although distant, the diverse motives of human emphasis (economic, political and / or cultural) configure the complex framework of actions on the areas that are object of the Marine Geography and contribute to them to increase valuation, appropriation, uses, conflicts and activities on multiple scales. Whereas the focus on the allocation of responsibilities to the coastlines, contiguous zones and international waters increases under the concern of judicious forums, the governance ends up highlighting the challenge about consensus, norms, agendas and advances sustainable purposes. Some concepts such as scale, region, place, territory and frontier, in turn, are able to contribute to the complex approaches inherent in the emblematic issues of such spaces. Some proposals of contemporary Geography, in permanent (dis)construction, can help in the improvement of methods and techniques of approaches, researches and applications of geographic knowledge for oceans and coasts. It is a challenge, however, to bring lines of thought and work closer together, which implies a necessary dialogue within the very constitution and consolidation of the Marine Geography, in its methodological scope for the integration of physical and human phenomena. To debate.

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