2,859 results on '"Geofisica"'
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2. AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL GEOTÉRMICO DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO JEQUITINHONHA.
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Froede, André, Henrique Alexandrino, Carlos, and Mírez Tarrillo, Carlos Alberto
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GEOTHERMAL resources , *ACQUISITION of data , *WATERSHEDS , *GEOPHYSICS , *GEOLOGY - Abstract
Results of this study admitted geothermal analyses of the Jequitinhonha River Watershed, present in the State of Minas Gerais and Bahia. Available data from 182 well profiles, allowed to evaluate, through the application of geothermal methods, the geothermal potential on site. Reassessments of previous studies and acquisition of complementary data allowed advances in the regional thermal study of the region, whose limits are in the area of domain of the Orógeno Araçuaí, and a strip to the south, and another narrow strip to the northeast of the area, under the influence of the San Francisco Cráton. Variations of 8 to 40 ℃/km of regional thermal gradient and geothermal flow values ranging between 25 and 115 mW/m² were observed. High anomalies were observed in the North-Central and Northwest regions of the watershed, with geothermal flows ranging between 70-115 mW/m², values higher than the global average. These regions are the most conducive to conducting more in-depth studies in order to generate geothermal energy for the locality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Mapeamento da Borda Sul-Sudeste da Bacia do Araripe com auxílio de gamaespectrometria e magnetometria.
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Aureliano, Tito and Marcele Ghilardi, Aline
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Copyright of Geologia USP: Série Científica is the property of Geologia USP and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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4. Roman-indigenous interaction in the Salas River valley (Northwest Iberia): the Roman camp of Alto da Raia and its archaeological landscape.
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Fonte, João, Pedro Tereso, João, Costa Vaz, Filipe, Luísa Rodrigues, Ana, Isabel Dias, Maria, Marques, Rosa, Russo, Dulce, Monteiro, Patrícia, Costa Rodrigues, Mariana, do Pereiro, Tiago, Carvalho, José, Raimundo, Francisco, Cardoso, Vanessa, Jorge, Carlos, García Sánchez, Jesús, Gago, Manuel, Alberto Gonçalves, José, Meunier, Emmanuelle, Oliveira, Nuno, and Oltean, Ioana
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THERMOLUMINESCENCE dating ,ARCHAEOLOGICAL geology ,RADIOCARBON dating ,GEOPHYSICAL surveys ,IRON Age ,ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations ,REMOTE sensing - Abstract
Copyright of Spal: Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla is the property of Spal. Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2024
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5. La investigación geofísica en los estudios de balsas de relaves: su aplicación e inclusión en el ACUERDO Nro. MERNNR-MERNNR-2020-0043-AM de la República de Ecuador
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Olegario Alonso-Pandavenes, Carlos Andrade-Mendoza, and Francisco Javier Torrijo-Echarri
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geofísica ,balsas de relaves ,acuerdo nro. mernnr-mernnr-2020-0043-am ,minería ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
La aplicación de las técnicas geofísicas en la investigación de la obra civil, como el estudio de las presas de relaves mineras en todas sus fases, ha sido actualizada en Ecuador con el ACUERDO Nº MERNNR-MERNNR-2020-0043-AM y su Anexo II. Se realiza una revisión de las mismas, su utilidad y los parámetros que aportan para cada parte de la construcción de una balsa de relves mineros. Se hace una revisión también de las que han sido incluidas en el Acuerdo Ministerial y la posibilidad de incluir más técnicas que las que se indican en dicha normativa. Se concluye con la importancia de estas técnicas en la investigación complementaria previa y en el monitoreo durante la vida y cierre del repositorio y la solución de problemas geotécnicos variados. También se recomienda un análisis y la inclusión de más técnicas de investigación geofísica en este Acuerdo Ministerial y en la normativa minera de Ecuador.
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- 2023
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6. El código HYDROTHERM como herramienta de integración de la geofísica en prospección geotérmica.
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García de la Noceda, Celestino and Albert Beltrán, José F.
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Copyright of Boletín Geológico y Minero is the property of Instituto Tecnologico Geominero De Espana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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7. Pueblo Resistance and Inter-Ethnic Conflict: The 1540–1542 Vázquez de Coronado Expedition to the Middle Río Grande Valley, New Mexico.
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Schmader, Matthew F.
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ETHNIC conflict , *INDIGENOUS peoples of Mexico , *GEOPHYSICAL surveys , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL expeditions , *METAL detectors - Abstract
The expedition led by Francisco Vázquez de Coronado from west-central Mexico into the American Southwest from 1540 to 1542 had a profound and lasting impact on everybody involved. The exploration sought an overland route to Asia and to establish trade relations. The enterprise was also the first major contact between foreigners/others and Indigenous peoples of northern Mexico and the American Southwest. Research at Piedras Marcadas Pueblo, an ancestral village of the Southern Tiwa in central New Mexico, has material evidence and artifact patterns reflecting the cultural groups on the exploration and those with whom the expeditionaries ultimately fought. Geophysics surveys and metal detection have found evidence of a major battlesite at the pueblo. Specific artifact types, such as European metal items, slingstones hurled by their Mexican allies, and piles of rocks thrown back by Pueblo defenders all attest to the conflict and the hard-fought Tiwa resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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8. Gamma-ray spectrometry applied in the identification of potential acid mine drainage generation zones in waste rock pile with uranium ore and associated sulfides (caldas, Brazil)
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Anna Carolina Gastmaier Marques, César Augusto Moreira, Matheus Felipe Stanfoca Casagrande, and Erika Juliana Aldana Arcila
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minería ,contaminación ,aguas subterráneas ,geofísica ,medio ambiente y radiactividad ,Geophysics. Cosmic physics ,QC801-809 - Abstract
La minería de metales modifica profundamente la dinámica ambiental local y produce grandes volúmenes de roca y residuos, los cuales se espera sean eliminados cuidadosamente para evitar el deterioro del suelo, el agua y el medio ambiente. La mina Osamu Utsumi fue un sitio de explotación de mineral de uranio pionero en Brasil, ubicado en el estado de Minas Gerais. La mina abierta y la alta concentración de sulfuro en las capas de material estéril son hoy en día un tema de preocupación para las Industrias Nucleares de Brasil (INB), debido a la oxidación del sulfuro y el drenaje ácido de la mina resultante (AMD, por sus siglas en inglés). El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar los datos de espectrometría de rayos gamma y la generación de AMD en una capa de material estéril, BF-04, en el sitio. La adquisición de datos radiométricos combinada con estudios previos indica que las altas concentraciones de uranio y torio están asociadas con zonas de alto contenido de sulfuro. El mineral de uranio mineralizado incluye sulfuros que se destruyen rápidamente por las condiciones de hidratación de la superficie y son responsables de generar el drenaje ácido de la mina. En este sentido, las zonas superficiales de la capa de material estéril con altos niveles de eU y eTh son áreas expuestas a la oxidación e hidratación de sulfuros y, por lo tanto, su reconocimiento y neutralización pueden contribuir a disminuir la generación de AMD en el sitio de estudio y áreas con condiciones similares. Los resultados de la espectrometría de rayos gamma pueden ser de interés para una remediación de bajo costo en el entorno local. doi: https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.00167169p.2022.61.3.2207
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- 2022
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9. Aplicação da geofísica em estudos de arqueologia do lixo
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Márcia Hatae, Vagner Roberto Elis, and André Wagner Oliani Andrade
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Geofisica ,Garbologia ,Lixão ,Resistividade ,Mogi das Cruzes ,Archaeology ,CC1-960 ,Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology ,GN301-674 - Abstract
A garbologia é o ramo de pesquisa da arqueologia dedicado ao estudo analítico de resíduos deixados por uma dada população em busca de informações sobre seus costumes. Um dos desafios nesse tipo de estudo, também conhecido como arqueologia do lixo, é a necessidade de escavar lixões e aterros sanitários de estrutura desconhecida, de forma a obter a melhor amostragem com o menor custo possível. Este trabalho contribui para a solução desse problema, verificando a aplicabilidade da geofísica (métodos eletromagnéticos e elétricos) à determinação das melhores regiões a serem escavadas no Lixão de Mogi das Cruzes. A geofísica permitiu caracterizar as estruturas de subsuperfície, por meio dos parâmetros de condutividade e resistividade de diferentes materiais e estruturas, fornecendo a espessura da camada de resíduos em diferentes pontos e as respectivas profundidades do nível d’água, possibilitando a escolha das melhores regiões a serem escavadas. Posteriormente, os dados geofísicos foram comparados com as informações das escavações; verificou-se que este é um método bastante confiável, com a vantagem de ser não invasivo.
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- 2023
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10. PROSPECCIÓN GEOELÉCTRICA EN LA ANTIGUA CIUDAD DE IBATÍN (TUCUMÁN, ARGENTINA).
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Borsella, Florencia, García, Jorge, and Herrera Rodríguez, Germán
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HISTORIC districts ,SUBSOILS ,JUNGLES ,ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations ,SOIL ripping ,HOUSING - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Arqueología Histórica Argentina y Latinoamericana is the property of Revista de Arqueologia Historica Argentina y Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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11. Ionospheric response to the 2020 Samos earthquake and tsunami
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Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Matemàtiques, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. IonSAT - Grup de determinació Ionosfèrica i navegació per SAtèl·lit i sistemes Terrestres, Alfonsi, Lucilla, Cesaroni, Claudio, Hernández Pajares, Manuel, Astafyeva, Elvira, Bufféral, Simon, Elias, Panagiotis, Belehaki, Anna, Ioanna, Tsagouri, Yang, Heng, Guerra, Marco, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament de Matemàtiques, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. IonSAT - Grup de determinació Ionosfèrica i navegació per SAtèl·lit i sistemes Terrestres, Alfonsi, Lucilla, Cesaroni, Claudio, Hernández Pajares, Manuel, Astafyeva, Elvira, Bufféral, Simon, Elias, Panagiotis, Belehaki, Anna, Ioanna, Tsagouri, Yang, Heng, and Guerra, Marco
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The version of record of this article, first published in Earth, planets and space, is available online at Publisher’s website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01940-2, On 30 October 2020 at 11:51 UT, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake occurred in the Dodecanese sea (37.84°N, 26.81°E, 10 km depth) and generated a tsunami with an observed run-up of more than 1 m on the Turkish coasts. Both the earthquake and the tsunami produced acoustic and gravity waves that propagated upward, triggering co-seismic and co-tsunamic ionospheric disturbances. This paper presents a multi-instrumental study of the ionospheric impact of the earthquake and related tsunami based on ionosonde data, ground-based Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) data and data from DORIS beacons received by Jason3 in the Mediterranean region. Our study focuses on the Total Electron Content to describe the propagation of co-seismic and co-tsunami ionospheric disturbances (CSID, CTID), possibly related to gravity waves triggered by the earthquake and tsunami. We use simultaneous vertical ionosonde soundings to study the interactions between the upper and lower atmosphere, highlighting the detection of acoustic waves generated by the seismic Rayleigh waves reaching the ionosonde locations and propagating vertically up to the ionosphere. The results of this study provide a detailed picture of the Lithosphere-Atmosphere–Ionosphere coupling in the scarcely investigated Mediterranean region and for a relatively weak earthquake., Upper Atmosphere Physics and Radiopropagation Working Group, Marcocci, C., Pezzopane, M., Pica, E., Romano, V., Sabbagh, D., Scotto, C., & Zuccheretti, E. (2020). Electronic Space Weather upper atmosphere database (eSWua)—HF data, version 1.0 (1.0). Istituto Nazionale di Geofsica e Vulcanologia (INGV). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.13127/ESWUA/HF. GNSS stations providers: (a) Uranus network (http://uranus.gr) operated by the Tree Company corpora‑ tion National Observatory of Athens (NOA) network, http://geodesy.gein.noa. gr:8000/nginfo/ (Ganas et al. 2008; Chousianitis et al. 2021). HxGN SmartNet operated by the Metrica SA (https://www.metrica.gr). (b) Turkish National Permanent GNSS Network-Active (TNPGN-Active/CORS-TR) https://www. tusaga-aktif.gov.tr/. (c) The DORIS measurements and orbits were obtained from https://cddis.gsfc.nasa.gov/archive/doris/data. The authors thank Dr. Laura Scognamiglio and Dr. Paola Baccheschi from INGV for their support to interpret the seismograms. Anna Belehaki acknowledges fnancial support provided by the PITHIA-NRF Horizon 2020 Grant Agreement 101007599 of the European Commission. Elvira Astafyeva acknowledges the support of the French National Research Agency (ANR), project IONO-DIET (Grant ANR22-CE49-0011), and the French Space Agency (CNES), project “RealDetect”., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)
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- 2024
12. Gravimetric survey and modelling of a tectonic indenter boundary: The Palomares Fault Zone (Betic Cordillera, Iberia)
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Tendero Salmerón, V., Ercilla, Gemma, González Castillo, L., Madarieta Txurruka, A., Martínez Moreno, Francisco José, Estrada, F., Galindo Zaldivar, J., Tendero Salmerón, V., Ercilla, Gemma, González Castillo, L., Madarieta Txurruka, A., Martínez Moreno, Francisco José, Estrada, F., and Galindo Zaldivar, J.
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New gravimetric data are improving our understanding of the Palomares Fault Zone (PFZ) that accommodates the Águilas Arc tectonic indentation (eastern Betic Cordillera, SE Iberia) in the context of the Eurasia-Africa convergence. The PFZ limits the sedimentary infill geometry of the Vera and Pulpí Basins, and the western Guadalentín Corridor, which are located along the western boundary of the arc. Gravity anomaly models are in agreement with previous tectonic interpretations that suggest that the PFZ fragments and bends the depocenters of those basins, as it has been proposed for the antiforms (ranges) that are located eastwards. Furthermore, the gravity anomaly models show that the PFZ extends from the Cabrera Range to the Almagrera Range and ends in the north at the Pulpí Basin, where the basin infill is only deformed by a gentle symmetrical synform. As a consequence, the PFZ is (i) confined to the southern zone, where the deformation is most intense due to the displacement of the tectonic indenter, and (ii) disconnected from the front of the Águilas Arc and the Alhama de Murcia Fault (part of the Eastern Betic Shear Zone, EBSZ). The new extend of the PFZ we have documented supposes the structural segmentation of the EBSZ and reduces both seismotectonic and structural significances of the PFZ. The study of the PFZ shows that the boundaries of the indenter are the locus for diffused deformation accommodated by local-scale faulting along with structural rotations and deflections, rather than localized strike-slip faulting along the whole indenter margin., AEI /FEDER, Junta de Andalucía/FEDER, ICM-CSIC, Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
13. El alfar vacceo de Tordehumos (Valladolid). Primeros resultados de las prospecciones y excavaciones arqueológicas desarrolladas
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Sanz Mínguez, Carlos, Justo Álvarez, Rubén, Muñoz Martín, Alfonso, Coria Noguera, Jose Carlos, de la Peña Fernández-Cañadas, Inés, Rodríguez Gutiérrez, Elvira, Sanz Mínguez, Carlos, Justo Álvarez, Rubén, Muñoz Martín, Alfonso, Coria Noguera, Jose Carlos, de la Peña Fernández-Cañadas, Inés, and Rodríguez Gutiérrez, Elvira
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This paper presents the initial results of the latest research of the vaccean pottery workshop of Tordehumos (Valladolid). The investigation of the site used diverse documentation techniques. Firstly, a electromagnetic prospection were conducted, through which we obtained a series of tomographic maps showing the resistivity of the ground elements at different depths. Secondly, an archaeological excavation was carried out, in which various materials were found (ceramics, some of them with cooking failures, vitrified revokes of pottery kilns, mud lumps with fingering, etc.) that confirmed the pottery activity in the settlement. In addition, we documented a pit, whose discussion presents different possibilities in relation to its functionality. In spite of the absence of in situ structural elements in this pit, the presence in its bottom of a clay level with charcoal and another with ashes suggest the development of activities related to fire. The results obtained permit to securely associate Tordehumos with the pottery activity during the Second Iron Age of the Northem Plateau, adding another site to the few and poorly known vaccean pottery workshops., En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de las últimas investigaciones llevadas a cabo en el alfar vacceo de Tordehumos (Valladolid). El estudio del sitio ha sido realizado utilizando diversas técnicas de documentación. En primer lugar, se efectuó una prospección electromagnética, a través de la cual obtuvimos una serie de mapas tomográficos en los que se muestra la resistividad de los elementos del terreno a distintas profundidades. En segundo lugar, desarrollamos una campaña de excavación arqueológica, en la que se hallaron diversos materiales (cerámicas, algunas de ellas pasadas de cocción, revocos de paredes vitrificadas, masas de barro con digitaciones, etc.) que confirmaron la actividad alfarera en el asentamiento. Igualmente se pudo identificar una hoya, cuya discusión presenta distintas posibilidades en relación con su funcionalidad. En este sentido, aunque no se pudieron documentar elementos estructurales in situ a ella vinculados, la presencia en su fondo de una capa de arcilla con carbones y un potente paquete de cenizas remiten a actividades pirotecnológicas. Los resultados obtenidos nos permiten asociar Tordehumos con seguridad a como un centro de producción cerámica durante la segunda Edad del Hierro meseteño, sumando así un punto más a los pocos y mal conocidos alfares vacceos., Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Fac. de Ciencias Geológicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
14. 3-D thermochemical structure of lithospheric mantle beneath the Iranian plateau and surrounding areas from geophysical–petrological modelling
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Mousavi, Naeim, Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Mousavi, Naeim, and Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier
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While the crustal structure across the Iranian plateau is fairly well constrained from controlled source and passive seismic data, the lithospheric mantle structure remains relatively poorly known, in particular in terms of lithology. Geodynamics rely on a robust image of the present-day thermochemical structure interpretations of the area. In this study, the 3-D crustal and upper mantle structure of the Iranian plateau is investigated, for the first time, through integrated geophysical-petrological modelling combining elevation, gravity and gravity gradient fields, seismic and petrological data. Our modelling approach allows us to simultaneously match complementary data sets with key mantle physical parameters (density and seismic velocities) being determined within a self-consistent thermodynamic framework. We first elaborate a new 3-D isostatically balanced crustal model constrained by available controlled source and passive seismic data, as well as complementary by gravity data. Next, we follow a progressively complex modelling strategy, starting from a laterally quasi chemically homogeneous model and then including structural, petrological and seismic tomography constraints. Distinct mantle compositions are tested in each of the tectonothermal terranes in our study region based on available local xenolith suites and global petrological data sets. Our preferred model matches the input geophysical observables (gravity field and elevation), includes local xenolith data, and qualitatively matches velocity anomalies from state of the art seismic tomography models. Beneath the Caspian and Oman seas (offshore areas) our model is defined by an average Phanerozoic fertile composition. The Arabian Plate and the Turan platform are characterized by a Proterozoic composition based on xenolith samples from eastern Arabia. In agreement with previous studies, our results also suggest a moderately refractory Proterozoic type composition in Zagros-Makran belt, extending to Albor, Atraccion Talento senior fellowship - Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid (España), University of Tehran, Christian Albrechts University of Kiel, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
15. Abrupt and persistent atmospheric circulation changes in the North Atlantic under La Niña conditions
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García-Burgos, Marina, Gómara Cardalliaguet, Íñigo, Rodríguez De Fonseca, María Belén, González Alemán, Juan Jesús, Zurita Gotor, Pablo, Ayarzagüena Porras, Blanca, García-Burgos, Marina, Gómara Cardalliaguet, Íñigo, Rodríguez De Fonseca, María Belén, González Alemán, Juan Jesús, Zurita Gotor, Pablo, and Ayarzagüena Porras, Blanca
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Several recent studies have linked the exceptional North Atlantic and Eurasian atmospheric evolution during late February and March 2018 to the Sudden Stratospheric Warming (SSW) that took place a few weeks earlier. February 2018 was characterized by an abrupt transition from the positive to the negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and a subsequent persistence of the negative NAO for several weeks. This paper investigates the contribution of atmospheric and oceanic phenomena to both the 2018 event and a set of 19 identified analogues (including the former) for the period 1959-2022. Evidence is given that La Nin similar to a conditions in the tropical Pacific and upstream North Atlantic cyclones play an important role as a trigger for these events. Ensuing two-way tropospheric-strato-spheric coupling and eddy feedbacks provide extended-range persistence for negative NAO conditions. These results may help improve the prediction of such exceptional events., Unión Europea Horizonte 2020, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), JeDiS, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
16. The topography of the Iberian Peninsula from integrated geophysical-petrological multi-data inversion
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Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Negredo Moreno, Ana María, Charco, M., Palomeras, I., Afonso, J.C., Villaseñor, A., Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Negredo Moreno, Ana María, Charco, M., Palomeras, I., Afonso, J.C., and Villaseñor, A.
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El texto completo de este trabajo no se encuentra disponible por no haber sido facilitado aún por su autor, por restricciones de copyright, o por no existir una versión digital, The topography of the Iberian Peninsula is characterized by the presence of Variscan and Alpine orogenic belts and foreland basins, but what sets it apart from the rest of Western Europe are the large elevated flat surfaces (700 m above sea-level on average) in its central parts. The origin and support of such high average topography, whether isostatic or dynamic in nature, is a matter of intense debate. To understand Iberian topography, it is key to have a reliable image of the present-day lithospheric thermochemical structure. So far, this structure remains poorly constrained, particularly at mantle level. The goal of this paper is to derive robust estimates of the thermal, compositional and density structure of the lithosphere beneath the Iberian Peninsula from an integrated geophysical-petrological proba-bilistic inversion of surface wave, elevation, geoid anomaly and heat flow data. Our inversion reveals an average lithospheric thickness of 80-100 km in the Iberian Peninsula with only moderate lateral variations. The most prominent lithospheric thickness change is a steep decrease from the central to the easternmost Pyrenees. The thinnest lithosphere in our models is found below the south-eastern Mediterranean margin (<80 km), overlapping with the Neogene Tallante-Cabo de Gata volcanic fields. The present-day thermochemical structure reveals a clear imprint of the geodynamic evolution of Iberia. Lithospheric thickness and, therefore, lithospheric geotherms are to a large extent related to Alpine Cenozoic compression and extension. The western Pyrenees and Iberian chains seem to have been affected by Mesozoic rifting processes that imprinted a fertile signature into the originally more refractory Variscan Iberian lithosphere. In the Betic domain to the south, the lithospheric thermochemical structure is likely conditioned by the ongoing Alboran subduction. Except for the Mediterranean margin, where we find evidence for moderate negative dynamic topography, most, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Comunidad de Madrid - Atraccion Talento senior fellowship, Beatriz Galindo fellowship, Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, Instituto de Geociencias (IGEO), TRUE, pub
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- 2024
17. Multichannel Seismic Imaging of the Rivera Plate Subduction at the Seismogenic Jalisco Block Area (Western Mexican Margin)
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Bartolomé, Rafael, Górriz, Estefanía, Dañobeitia, Juanjo, Córdoba Barba, Diego, Martí, David, Cameselle, Alejandra L., Núñez-Cornú, Francisco, Bandy, William L., Mortera-Gutiérrez, Carlos A., Núñez Escribano, Diana, Castellón, Arturo, Alonso, José Luis, Bartolomé, Rafael, Górriz, Estefanía, Dañobeitia, Juanjo, Córdoba Barba, Diego, Martí, David, Cameselle, Alejandra L., Núñez-Cornú, Francisco, Bandy, William L., Mortera-Gutiérrez, Carlos A., Núñez Escribano, Diana, Castellón, Arturo, and Alonso, José Luis
- Abstract
During the TSUJAL marine geophysical survey, conducted in February and March 2014, Spanish, Mexican and British scientists and technicians explored the western margin of Mexico, considered one of the most active seismic zones in America. This work aims to characterize the internal structure of the subduction zone of the Rivera plate beneath the North American plate in the offshore part of the Jalisco Block, to link the geodynamic and the recent tectonic deformation occurring there with the possible generation of tsunamis and earthquakes. For this purpose, it has been carried out acquisition, processing and geological interpretation of a multichannel seismic reflection profile running perpendicular to the margin. Crustal images show an oceanic domain, dominated by subduction–accretion along the lower slope of the margin with a subparallel sediment thickness of up to 1.6 s two-way travel time (approx. 2 km) in the Middle American Trench. Further, from these data the region appears to be prone to giant earthquake production. The top of the oceanic crust (intraplate reflector) is very well imaged. It is almost continuous along the profile with a gentle dip (<10°); however, it is disrupted by normal faulting resulting from the bending of the plate during subduction. The continental crust presents a well-developed accretionary prism consisting of highly deformed sediments with prominent slumping towards the trench that may be the result of past tsunamis. Also, a bottom simulating reflector (BSR) is identified in the first half a second (twtt) of the section. High amplitude reflections at around 7–8 s twtt clearly image a discontinuous Moho, defining a very gentle dipping subduction plane., Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (España), Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Generalitat de Catalunya, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
- Published
- 2024
18. Defining continental lithosphere as a layer with abundant frozen‐In structures that scatter seismic waves
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Levin, V., Lebedev, S., Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Li, Y., Chen, X., Levin, V., Lebedev, S., Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Li, Y., and Chen, X.
- Abstract
We investigate the structure of the continental lithosphere by combining two approaches: a systematic survey of abrupt changes in seismic properties detected by P-to-S converted body waves and an integrated geophysical-petrological inversion for temperature and density in the upper mantle. We refine the global thermo-chemical model WINTERC-G in eastern North America by including detailed regional information on the crust into petrological inversions and combine it with the upper mantle layering beneath eastern North America yielded by anisotropy-aware receiver-function analysis. Eastern North America's Archean, Proterozoic and Paleozoic lithospheres show an excellent agreement between the depth to the 1,30? isotherm that bounds the lithosphere and the depth range where converted waves detect abrupt changes in seismic properties. Boundaries with these abrupt changes reside within the rigid mechanical lithosphere and are uncommon in the convecting mantle beneath it. The boundaries include both impedance increases and decreases with depth, as well as anisotropy changes, and must have developed over the course of the assembly and evolution of the lithosphere. In the asthenosphere below, such heterogeneities appear to have been largely mixed out by convection. The existence of abundant interfaces with diverse origin can account for the commonly observed scattered signals from within the continental lithosphere and presents an alternative to the end-member concept of the mid-lithospheric discontinuity as a ubiquitous feature with a uniform origin. Generally, we can define continental lithosphere as a region of conductive heat transport and steep geotherm that is characterized by pervasive internal layering of density, elastic moduli and texture., National Science Foundation (NSF), Agencia Espacial Europea, Science Foundation Ireland, Geological Survey of Ireland, Marine Institute (Irlanda), Comunidad de Madrid, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
- Published
- 2024
19. Crustal architecture at the collision zone between rivera and north american plates at the Jalisco block: Tsujal project
- Author
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Dañobeitia, Juanjo, Bartolomé, Rafael, Prada, Manel, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco, Córdoba Barba, Diego, Bandy, William, Estrada, F, Cameselle, Alejandra, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Castellón, Arturo, Alonso, José Luis, Mortera, Carlos, Ortiz, Modesto, Dañobeitia, Juanjo, Bartolomé, Rafael, Prada, Manel, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco, Córdoba Barba, Diego, Bandy, William, Estrada, F, Cameselle, Alejandra, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Castellón, Arturo, Alonso, José Luis, Mortera, Carlos, and Ortiz, Modesto
- Abstract
Processing and analysis of new multichannel seismic records, coincident with wide-angle seismic profiles, acquired in the framework of the TsuJal project allow us to investigate in detail the complex structure of the oceanic domain in the collision zone between Rivera Plate and Block Jalisco at its northern termination. The subducting Rivera Plate, which is overridden by the North American Plate–Jalisco Block, is clearly identified up to 21.5°N (just south of Maria Magdalena Island) as a two clear reflections that we interpret as the interplate and Moho discontinuities. North of the Tres Marias Islands the seismic images display a different tectonic scenario with structures that are consistent with large faulting and rifted margin. A two-dimensional velocity approach for the crustal geometry is achieved using joint refraction/reflection travel time tomography, the uncertainty of the results is assessed by means of Monte Carlo analysis. Our results show an average oceanic crustal thickness of 6–7 km with a moderate increase towards the Jalisco Block, an anomalous thick layers (~3.0 km) displaying a relatively low velocity (~5.5 km/s) underneath Maria Magdalena Rise, and an estimated Moho depth deeper than 15 km in the collision zone between Rivera Plate and Jalisco Block. We have also determined an anomalous crust on the western flank of the Tres Marias Islands, which may be related to the initial phases of continental breakup of the Baja California Peninsula and Mexico mainland. High-resolution bathymetry provides remarkable images of intensive slope instabilities marked by relatively large slides scars of more than 40 km2 extent, and mass-wasting deposits probably triggered by the intense seismicity in the area., Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) –FOMIXJal, Gobierno de España, Gobierno del Estado de Jalisco, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Programa Ramón y Cajal, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
- Published
- 2024
20. Geophysical studies across Rivera Plate and Jalisco Block, Mexico: TsuJal Project
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Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Córdoba Barba, Diego, Dañobeitia, Juan José, Bandy, William L., Ortiz Figueroa, Modesto, Bartolomé, Rafael, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Zamora-Camacho, Araceli, Espíndola, Juan Manuel, Castellón, Arturo, Escudero, Christian R., Trejo-Gómez, Elizabeth, Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe de Jesús, Suárez-Plascencia, Carlos, Nava, Alejandro, Mortera, Carlos, TsuJal Working Group, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Córdoba Barba, Diego, Dañobeitia, Juan José, Bandy, William L., Ortiz Figueroa, Modesto, Bartolomé, Rafael, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Zamora-Camacho, Araceli, Espíndola, Juan Manuel, Castellón, Arturo, Escudero, Christian R., Trejo-Gómez, Elizabeth, Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe de Jesús, Suárez-Plascencia, Carlos, Nava, Alejandro, Mortera, Carlos, and TsuJal Working Group
- Abstract
In the spring of 2014, an onshore–offshore geophysical experiment (“Crustal Characterization of the Rivera plate–Jalisco Block Boundary and Its Implications for Seismic and Tsunami Hazard Assessment”) was carried out in the frame of the TsuJal project to define the crustal architecture of the western Mexican active margin and identify potential structural sources that can trigger earthquakes and tsunamis at the convergence between the Rivera plate (RP) and the Jalisco Block (JB) within the North American plate. In this work, we present the preliminary results about bathymetric, structural geology, and wide‐angle seismic data of the southern coast of Bahía de Banderas. These data indicate the slab thickness in this area is about 10 km and presents a dip angle of about 8°. Continental crustal thickness below Puerto Vallarta is about 20 km, but no evidences of continental Moho and clear subduction features (trench, accretionary prism) are observed. Nevertheless, this model supports the hypothesis that the region of Bahía de Banderas is under strong crustal stresses generating structural lineaments with the same trends offshore and inland due to the convergence of the RP against the JB. Most of the seismicity reported can be associated with the main structural lineaments. Moreover, the Banderas Canyon (BC) is apparently in an eastward opening process, which seems to continue through the Rio Pitillal river valley; no seismic or morphological evidences were found to suggest the BC is a continuation of the Vallarta graben. Offshore, the Sierra de Cleofas, located south of María Cleofas Island, marks the limit between the RP and the JB along 100 km. It may be the result of the RP pushing against the JB establishing the beginning of the current subduction process, with associated seismic activity. If a subduction type earthquake occurs in this area, the associated magnitude will be about 7.5 and could have a tsunamigenic effect., Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, TRUE, pub
- Published
- 2024
21. The Canary Islands hot spot: New insights from 3D coupled geophysical–petrological modelling of the lithosphere and uppermost mantle
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Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Camacho, Antonio G., Negredo Moreno, Ana María, Fernández, José, Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Camacho, Antonio G., Negredo Moreno, Ana María, and Fernández, José
- Abstract
The Canary archipelago (NW Atlantic African margin) is one of the best studied volcanic chains in the world yet its structure and geodynamic evolution are still under considerable debate. Oceanic island volcanoes typically form over hot spots due to upwelling of plume material followed by decompression melting and melt migration up to the surface. Here, the 3D lithospheric-uppermost mantle thermochemical structure beneath the Canary Islands is studied using an integrated and self-consistent geophysical-petrological approach exploiting the wealth of available data after decades of geophysical and petrological studies plus recent satellite data. A precise knowledge of the present-day thermal and compositional mantle structure beneath the Canary Islands is a key element to understand the geodynamic evolution of the area and, on a global scale, the thermal state of the Earth's mantle beneath hot spots. Our results suggest a likely chemically depleted and mechanically strong lithosphere showing no significant thinning with respect to the surrounding oceanic and continental domains (110 +/- 20 km thick). Models without a positive temperature anomaly in the sub-lithosphere (characterized by mantle T-pot = 1335 degrees C) fail to reproduce the observed sub-lithospheric seismic anomaly over the Canary Islands. A thermal sub-lithospheric anomaly of +100 degrees C (mantle potential temperature of 1435 degrees C) with respect to ambient mantle beneath the Canaries is able to explain both observed seismic tomography anomalies and measured geophysical and geodetic data. Such a sub-lithospheric thermal anomaly requires a dynamic contribution of 150-400 m to the static topography to match the present-day observed elevation in the Canary Islands and associated swell., JAE-DOC programme (CSIC-Spain), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
- Published
- 2024
22. Study of seismic activity at Ceboruco Volcano (Nayarit, Mexico) in the period 2012 to 2014
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Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe de Jesús, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Trejo-Gómez, Elizabeth, Suárez-Plascencia, Carlos, Rodríguez-Ayala, Norma, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe de Jesús, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Trejo-Gómez, Elizabeth, Suárez-Plascencia, Carlos, and Rodríguez-Ayala, Norma
- Abstract
Corrigendum to “Study of seismic activity at Ceboruco Volcano (Nayarit, Mexico) in the period 2012 to 2014” [J. S. Am. Earth Sci. 98 March (2020). doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2019.102473] Journal of South American Earth Sciences, Volume 103, November 2020, Pages 102565, Ceboruco volcano is a stratovolcano located in western central Mexico within the state of Nayarit. Ceboruco volcano is one of the active volcanoes of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and lies within the Tepic-Zacoalco Rift structure. Eruptions at Ceboruco volcano have been reported over the last 1000 years with eruptions every 126 years on average, with the most recent eruption occurring in 1870. Current activity at Ceboruco volcano is primarily fumarolic emissions. Continued population and socio-economic growth around the volcano over the last 20 years, make urgent the need to study Ceboruco volcano. Previous investigations of seismicity classified the recorded earthquakes into four families using waveform and spectral features. In this paper, we present a seismicity study from March 2012 to July 2014 using four portable seismic stations within the context of the regional stress and structures near Ceboruco volcano. Of the 489 volcanic earthquakes recorded during this time period, only 33 could be located using P- and S-wave arrivals registered at least three stations. The P- and S-phase arrival times were obtained using particle motion. The epicentral distribution of these earthquakes is around the volcanic edifice along three structural lineaments with preferred ENE-WSW orientations, roughly perpendicular to Tepic-Zacoalco Rift and, following the youngest deformation pattern. Hypocentral depths locate within first 10 km, indicating the earthquakes are a result of local tectonic stresses, intrusions into the magma chamber, or both., Secretaría de Energía Mexico-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (SENER-CONACYT), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
23. Microearthquakes in the Guadalajara Metropolitan Zone, Mexico: evidence from buried active faults in Tesistán Valley, Zapopan
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Quinteros-Cartaya, Claudia, Solorio-Magaña, Guillermo, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe D. J., Núñez Escribano, Diana, Quinteros-Cartaya, Claudia, Solorio-Magaña, Guillermo, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe D. J., and Núñez Escribano, Diana
- Abstract
Numerous microearthquakes, ML ≤ 3.8, corresponding to background seismicity and swarms were observed from September 3, 2017, to January 1, 2018, mainly in the Tesistán Valley, north of the Guadalajara Metropolitan Zone (GMZ). We located 188 tectonic microearthquakes and identified 11 clusters of similar events from a spatio-temporal analysis and waveform cross-correlations. Our results confirm the presence of continuous seismicity in the GMZ that long went unobserved. Most M L ≥ 2.5 events and some clustered events are located in the northeastern Tesistán, close to the NNE-SSW fault corresponding to the eastern edge of the Zapopan Graben, a structure evidenced by 2015–2016 seismicity. Seismicity recorded during 2020 by a recent local seismic network installed in Zapopan reaffirms that frequent microseismicity is related to active faults that cross the cities of Zapopan and Guadalajara. The microseismicity distribution suggests minor faults with the same orientation and sense of displacement as the main structures bounding the Zapopan Graben, which corresponds to structures known as synthetic faults. This arrangement is common within the Basin and Range tectonic province. The seismicity in the northeast boundary of Jalisco Block is closely related to faults formed by Cenozoic deformation events that might be reactivated due to modern crustal dynamics. Active faults and the possibility of synthetic structures are a hypothesis that necessitates long-term seismic monitoring in order to assess the seismic hazard in the GMZ, which is a crucial factor for urban planning., Secretaría de Energía Mexico-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Academic Research Group, Civil Defense of Zapopan, Jalisco, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
- Published
- 2024
24. Probabilistic Surface Heat Flow Estimates Assimilating Paleoclimate History: New Implications for the Thermochemical Structure of Ireland
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Mather, Ben, Farrell, Thomas, Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Mather, Ben, Farrell, Thomas, and Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier
- Abstract
Regions where surface temperature has increased since past glaciation events, such as Ireland, underestimate the heat output of the Earth unless paleoclimate corrections are applied. We apply probabilistic techniques to quantify the uncertainty of 22 paleoclimate-corrected heat flow estimates in Ireland, which assimilate multiple surface temperature histories associated with 130ka of glacial oscillation in the British Isles. Heat flow values increase by approximate to 15mW/m(2) after a paleoclimate correction and provide new insights into the thermochemical structure of the lithosphere. The heat flow regime is broadly delineated by the Iapetus Suture Zone that separates Laurentian to the north and Avalonian terranes to the south (mean surface heat flow of 7314 and 6514mW/m(2), respectively). The degree to which heat-producing elements are partitioned into the uppermost crust is described by the differentiation index of a heat flow province. From Bayesian inversion, we determine that radiogenic elements are substantially more differentiated in the uppermost crust of Laurentia (D-I=2.81.4) than Avalonia (D-I=1.51.3), despite a moderately enriched lower crust (0.8 +/- 0.3W/m(3)). This is facilitated by a thin yet highly radiogenic layer in the uppermost crust of Laurentia (3.9 +/- 1.8W/m(3)). Extrapolating these results across the British Isles and Newfoundland suggests that heat-producing elements have been more successfully reworked into the upper crust to the north of the Iapetus Suture Zone during continental accretion between Laurentia and Avalonia., Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering and Technology, Sustainable Energy Authority Of Ireland, Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship - Comisión Europea, Science Foundation Ireland, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
25. The Extended Continental Crust West of Islas Marías (Mexico)
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Núñez Escribano, Diana, Acosta-Hernández, Jorge A., Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe de Jesús, Pilia, Simone, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco Javier, Córdoba Barba, Diego, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Acosta-Hernández, Jorge A., Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe de Jesús, Pilia, Simone, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco Javier, and Córdoba Barba, Diego
- Abstract
The crustal structure around the Islas Marías Archipelago has been debated for a long time. An important unresolved question is where the Rivera-North American plate subduction ends and the Tamayo fracture zone begins, from SE to NW. Results from the TsuJal project have shed light on the northwesternmost part of the Jalisco block structure. It is now clear that Sierra de Cleofas and the Islas Marías Escarpment comprise the northwestern continuation of the Middle America trench. However, other questions remain. In this paper, we present the structure of the shallow and deep crust and the upper mantle of the Islas Marías western region through the integration of multichannel seismic reflection, wide-angle seismic bathymetric and seismicity data, including records of an amphibious seismic network, OBS, and portable seismic stations, purposely deployed for this project, providing an onshore-offshore transect of 310 km length. Our findings disclose new evidence of the complex structure of the Rivera plate that dips 8°–9° underneath the NW Jalisco block as revealed by two seismic profiles parallel to the Islas Marías Escarpment. Moreover, we find five sedimentary basins and active normal faults at the edges of tectonic structures of the E-W oriented West Ranges and the N-S trending Sierra de Cleofas. Furthermore, the Sierra de Cleofas is the beginning of the active subduction of the Rivera plate beneath North America. The oceanic crust thickens and submerges towards the south while is coupled with the continental crust, from 6 km at the northern ends of the seismic profiles to 15 km in the contact region and 24 km at the coast and southern ends of them. The continental Moho was not fully characterized because of the geometry of the seismic transects, but a low-velocity layer associated with Rivera Plate subduction was observed beneath the Jalisco Block. Our results constrain the complexity of the area and reveal new structural features from the oceanic to continental crus, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) –FOMIXJal, DGI Plan Nacional I + D + i, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
26. Determining subsurface temperature & lithospheric structure from joint geophysical-petrological inversion: A case study from Ireland
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Chambers, Emma L., Bonadio, Raffaele, Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Lebedev, Sergei, Xu, Yihe, Kiyan, Duygu, Bean, Christopher J., Meere, Patrick A., Mather, Ben, O'Reilly, Brian M., Chambers, Emma L., Bonadio, Raffaele, Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Lebedev, Sergei, Xu, Yihe, Kiyan, Duygu, Bean, Christopher J., Meere, Patrick A., Mather, Ben, and O'Reilly, Brian M.
- Abstract
Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland, Geological Survey Ireland under the SEAI Research, Development & Demonstration Funding Programme 2019, Comunidad de Madrid, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Enterprise Ireland, Science Foundation Ireland, Marine Institute (Irlanda), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
27. 3-D multiobservable probabilistic inversion for the compositional and thermal structure of the lithosphere and upper mantle. I: a priori petrological information and geophysical observables
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Afonso, J. C., Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Griffin, W. L., Yang, Y., Jones, A. G., Connolly, J. A. D., O'Reilly, S. Y., Afonso, J. C., Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Griffin, W. L., Yang, Y., Jones, A. G., Connolly, J. A. D., and O'Reilly, S. Y.
- Abstract
Traditional inversion techniques applied to the problem of characterizing the thermal and compositional structure of the upper mantle are not well suited to deal with the nonlinearity of the problem, the trade-off between temperature and compositional effects on wave velocities, the nonuniqueness of the compositional space, and the dissimilar sensitivities of physical parameters to temperature and composition. Probabilistic inversions, on the other hand, offer a powerful formalism to cope with all these difficulties, while allowing for an adequate treatment of the intrinsic uncertainties associated with both data and physical theories. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the two most important elements controlling the outputs of probabilistic (Bayesian) inversions for temperature and composition of the Earth's mantle, namely the a priori information on model parameters, (m), and the likelihood function, L(m). The former is mainly controlled by our current understanding of lithosphere and mantle composition, while the latter conveys information on the observed data, their uncertainties, and the physical theories used to relate model parameters to observed data.The benefits of combining specific geophysical datasets (Rayleigh and Love dispersion curves, body wave tomography, magnetotelluric, geothermal, petrological, gravity, elevation, and geoid), and their effects on L(m), are demonstrated by analyzing their individual and combined sensitivities to composition and temperature as well as their observational uncertainties. The dependence of bulk density, electrical conductivity, and seismic velocities to major-element composition is systematically explored using Monte Carlo simulations. We show that the dominant source of uncertainty in the identification of compositional anomalies within the lithosphere is the intrinsic nonuniqueness in compositional space. A general strategy for defining (m) is proposed based on statistical analyses of a large database of nat, Australian Research Council, Science Foundation Ireland, IRETHERM, JAE-DOC programme (CSIC-España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
28. Tectonic analysis of the southern of María Cleofas Island from bathymetric and seismic data
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Carrillo-de la Cruz, Juan Luis, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe de Jesús, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco Javier, González-Fernández, Antonio, Córdoba Barba, Diego, Dañobeitia, Juan José, Carrillo-de la Cruz, Juan Luis, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe de Jesús, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco Javier, González-Fernández, Antonio, Córdoba Barba, Diego, and Dañobeitia, Juan José
- Abstract
The TsuJal geophysical survey was conducted during the spring of 2014 with the aim to characterize the crustal structure of western Mexico. This geophysical experiment focused on active geological formations such as subduction, faults, and accretionary prisms, which are related to the seismic and tsunamigenic activity. In this work, we used seismic and bathymetric data to characterize the interaction between the Rivera plate (RP) and the North America plate south of María Cleofas Island. By defining the structural trends and subsurface geology, we sought to understand the complexity of the tectonic framework of western Mexico. A migrated seismic section and bathymetric maps were generated via the acquisition and processing of TsuJal geophysical data. Bathymetric data show major seafloor structures related to two basins (Tres Marías and TsuJal), one canyon (Cocodrilo Canyon), and an uplift structure with a north–south trend (Sierra de Cleofas [SC]). Seismic data reveal a compressional regime related to the movement of the RP at the esternmost end of the seismic section and lack of deformation in sediments within the two basins found adjacent to SC. From the results of our data analysis as well as corroborating literature, we interpret an underthrusting of RP beneath the North America plate, causing a compressional tectonic regime with the formation of palm‐tree structures. The ack of deformation may be associated with a heated oceanic plate that facilitates the relative motion of the basement below the sediments., Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) –FOMIXJal, Ciencias de la Tierra y Cambio Global (CGL) Direccion General de Investigacion (DGI) Plan Nacional I+D+i [SPAIN], National Oceanography Centre (NOC) Cruise JC098, RRS James Cook [UNITED KINGDOM], Coordinacion de Plataformas Oceanograficas - Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (COIP/COPO/UNAM) J-GAP2013 Cruise (BO El Puma), Unidad de Tecnologia Marina (Spain), Secretaria de Marina (Mexico) Armada de Mexico (ARM) Holzinger, Secretaria de Defensa Nacional (Mexico), Unidad Municipal de Proteccion Civil y Bomberos (Jalisco State, Mexico), Unidad Municipal de Proteccion Civil y Bomberos (Puerto Vallarta, Mexico), Unidad Estatal de Proteccion Civil y Bomberos (Nayarit State, Mexico), Secretaria de Relaciones Exteriores (Mexico), Reserva de la Biosfera (Islas Marias) CONANPSEMARNAT, Organo Desconcentrado de Prevencion y Readaptacion Social de la SEGOP, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
29. Editorial: Advances in Ocean Bottom Seismology
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Rowe, Charlotte, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Núñez Escribano, Diana, Bilek, Susan, Lindsey, Nathaniel, Rowe, Charlotte, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Núñez Escribano, Diana, Bilek, Susan, and Lindsey, Nathaniel
- Abstract
Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, pub
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- 2024
30. A rapid method to map the crustal and lithospheric thickness using elevation, geoid anomaly and thermal analysis. Application to the Gibraltar Arc System, Atlas Mountains and adjacent zones
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Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Fernàndez, M., Zeyen, H., Vergés, J., Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Fernàndez, M., Zeyen, H., and Vergés, J.
- Abstract
We present a method based on the combination of elevation and geoid anomaly data together with thermal field to map crustal and lithospheric thickness. The main assumptions are local isostasy and a four-layered model composed of crust, lithospheric mantle, sea water and the asthenosphere. We consider a linear density gradient for the crust and a temperature dependent density for the lithospheric mantle. We perform sensitivity tests to evaluate the effect of the variation of the model parameters and the influence of RMS error of elevation and geoid anomaly databases. The application of this method to the Gibraltar Arc System, Atlas Mountains and adjacent zones reveals the presence of a lithospheric thinning zone, SW–NE oriented. This zone affects the High and Middle Atlas and extends from the Canary Islands to the eastern Alboran Basin and is probably linked with a similarly trending zone of thick lithosphere constituting the western Betics, eastern Rif, Rharb Basin, and Gulf of Cadiz. A number of different, even mutually opposite, geodynamic models have been proposed to explain the origin and evolution of the study area. Our results suggest that a plausible slab-retreating model should incorporate tear and asymmetric roll-back of the subducting slab to fit the present-day observed lithosphere geometry. In this context, the lithospheric thinning would be caused by lateral asthenospheric flow. An alternative mechanism responsible for lithospheric thinning is the presence of a hot magmatic reservoir derived from a deep ancient plume centred in the Canary Island, and extending as far as Central Europe., Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
31. Benchmark forward gravity schemes: the gravity field of a realistic lithosphere model WINTERC-G
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Barend Cornelis Root, Josef Sebera, Wolfgang Szwillus, Cedric Thieulot, Zdeněk Martinec, Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Barend Cornelis Root, Josef Sebera, Wolfgang Szwillus, Cedric Thieulot, Zdeněk Martinec, and Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier
- Abstract
Several alternative gravity forward modelling methodologies and associated numerical codes with their own advantages and limitations are available for the solid Earth community. With upcoming state-of-the-art lithosphere density models and accurate global gravity field data sets, it is vital to understand the opportunities and limitations of the various approaches. In this paper, we discuss the four widely used techniques: global spherical harmonics (GSH), tesseroid integration (TESS), triangle integration (TRI), and hexahedral integration (HEX). A constant density shell benchmark shows that all four codes can produce similar precise gravitational potential fields. Two additional shell tests were conducted with more complicated density structures: laterally varying density structures and a crust–mantle interface density. The differences between the four codes were all below 1.5 % of the modelled gravity signal suitable for reproducing satellite-acquired gravity data. TESS and GSH produced the most similar potential fields (<0.3 %). To examine the usability of the forward modelling codes for realistic geological structures, we use the global lithosphere model WINTERC-G that was constrained, among other data, by satellite gravity field data computed using a spectral forward modelling approach. This spectral code was benchmarked against the GSH, and it was confirmed that both approaches produce a similar gravity solution with negligible differences between them. In the comparison of the different WINTERC-G-based gravity solutions, again GSH and TESS performed best. Only short-wavelength noise is present between the spectral and tesseroid forward modelling approaches, likely related to the different way in which the spherical harmonic analysis of the varying boundaries of the mass layer is performed. The spherical harmonic basis functions produce small differences compared to the tesseroid elements, especially at sharp interfaces, which introduces mostly sh, Agencia Espacial Europea, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
32. Constraining the geotherm beneath the British Isles from Bayesian inversion of Curie depth: integrated modelling of magnetic, geothermal, and seismic data
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Ben Mather, Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Ben Mather, and Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier
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Curie depth offers a valuable constraint on the thermal structure of the lithosphere, based on its interpretation as the depth to 580 degrees C, but current methods underestimate the range of uncertainty. We formulate the estimation of Curie depth within a Bayesian framework to quantify its uncertainty across the British Isles. Uncertainty increases exponentially with Curie depth but this can be moderated by increasing the size of the spatial window taken from the magnetic anomaly. The choice of window size needed to resolve the magnetic thickness is often ambiguous but, based on our chosen spectral method, we determine that significant gains in precision can be obtained with window sizes 15-30 times larger than the deepest magnetic source. Our Curie depth map of the British Isles includes a combination of window sizes: smaller windows are used where the magnetic base is shallow to resolve small-scale features, and larger window sizes are used where the magnetic base is deep in order to improve precision. On average, the Curie depth increases from Laurentian crust (22.2 +/- 5.3 km) to Avalonian crust (31.2 +/- 9.2 km). The temperature distribution in the crust, and associated uncertainty, was simulated from the ensemble of Curie depth realizations assigned to a lower thermal boundary condition of a crustal model (sedimentary thickness, Moho depth, heat production, thermal conductivity), constructed from various geophysical and geochemical datasets. The uncertainty in the simulated heat flow field substantially increases from +/- 10 mW m(-2) for shallow Curie depths at similar to 15 km to +/- 80 mW m(-2) for Curie depths > 40 km. Surface heat flow observations are concordant with the simulated heat flow field except in regions that contain igneous bodies. Heat flow data within large batholiths in the British Isles exceed the simulated heat flow by similar to 25 mW m(-2) as result of their high rates of heat production (4-6 mu W m(-3)). Conversely, heat refraction aro, Irish Research Council for Science, Engineering and Technology, H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
33. The Gibraltar slab dynamics and its influence on past and present-day Alboran domain deformation: Insights from thermo-mechanical numerical modelling
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Gea, Pedro J., Negredo Moreno, Ana María, Mancilla, Flor de Lis, Gea, Pedro J., Negredo Moreno, Ana María, and Mancilla, Flor de Lis
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The origin and tectonic evolution of the Gibraltar Arc system is the result of a complex geodynamic evolution involving the convergence of the Eurasian and African plates and the dynamic impact of the Gibraltar slab. Although geologic and geophysical data collected in the last few years have increased our knowledge of the Gibraltar Arc region, it is still unclear which are the mechanical links between the Gibraltar slab and the past deformation of the overriding Alboran lithosphere, as well as to which degree this subduction system is presently active. In this study, we use 2D numerical modelling to investigate the impact of the Gibraltar slab dynamics on the deformation of the overriding Alboran lithosphere. Our model simulates a WE generic vertical section at an approximate latitude of 36 degrees N and considers an initial setup at about Burdigalian times (similar to 20 Ma), when the subduction front position is relatively well constrained by recent tectonic reconstructions. Our modelling shows a switch in the overriding plate (OP) stress state from extensional stresses during the slab rollback to compressional stresses near the trench when the rollback velocity decreases, caused by the change in slab-induced mantle flow. We also find that much of the crustal and lithospheric deformation occur during fast slab rollback and OP extension in the first 10 Myr of evolution, while after that only moderate deformation associated with subduction is predicted. Finally, we find that despite the subduction rollback ceases, the ongoing motion of the deeper portion of the slab induces a mantle flow that causes some amount of west-directed basal drag of the Alboran lithosphere. This basal drag generates interplate compresional stresses compatible with the distribution of intermediate-depth earthquakes in western Alboran., Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, Instituto de Geociencias (IGEO), TRUE, pub
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- 2024
34. The seismic sequences of December 2015 (ML=4.3) and May 2016 (ML=4.9) in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Rengifo, Walter M., Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe d. J., Núñez Escribano, Diana, Quinteros-Cartaya, Clauda B., Trejo-Gómez, Elizabeth, Suárez-Plascencia, Carlos, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Rengifo, Walter M., Escalona-Alcázar, Felipe d. J., Núñez Escribano, Diana, Quinteros-Cartaya, Clauda B., Trejo-Gómez, Elizabeth, and Suárez-Plascencia, Carlos
- Abstract
Está depositada la versión postprint del artículo, Historically, the city of Guadalajara has been affected not only by great regional earthquakes (M > 7.0) associated with the subduction process and regional crustal structures but also by local seismic sequences, that caused moderate to severe structural damage to buildings, whose source is not clear. Between December 2015 and May 2016, two seismic sequences occurred, affecting the city of Guadalajara. Both seismic sequences were recorded by the Jalisco Seismic Accelerometric Telemetric Network. The preliminary locations for May 2016 sequence estimated by the Antelope automatic system show alignment with an NNE-SSW trend, west of the city of Guadalajara. The subsequent relocations of theses earthquakes show two N–S alignments at the west of the city of Guadalajara, which agree with December 2015 hypocenters. The focal mechanisms analysis of the earthquakes shows that most of them correspond to normal fault mechanisms that are parallel to the hypocentral alignments suggesting the existence of two active faults responsible for the seismic sequences. Furthermore, these structures might constitute a graben, which we refer to as Zapopan Graben. Additionally, we calculated that these faults are 21 and 28 km length, respectively, which indicates that could have the potential to generate shallow earthquakes that reach magnitudes of 6.2 and 6.5, and could cause significant damages in the Guadalajara Metropolitan Zone., Centro Mexicano de Innovacion en Energia - Geotermica (CeMIEGeo), Proyecto Secretaria deEnergiaConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (SENERCONACyT), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia - Fondos Mixtos Jalisco (CONACyTFOMIXJal), CONACyT-FOMIXJal, Universidad de Guadalajara, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
35. On joint modelling of electrical conductivity and other geophysical and petrological observables to infer the structure of the lithosphere and underlying upper mantle
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Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier and Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier
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El texto completo de este trabajo no se encuentra disponible por no haber sido facilitado aún por su autor, por restricciones de copyright, o por no existir una versión digital, This review paper focuses on joint modelling and interpretation of electromagnetic data and other geophysical and petrological observables. In particular, integrated geophysical-petrological modelling approaches, where the electrical conductivity and other physical properties of rocks are required to be linked by the common subsurface thermochemical conditions within a self-consistent thermodynamic framework, are reviewed. The paper gives an overview of the main geophysical electromagnetic techniques/data sets employed in lithospheric and mantle imaging including recent advances using satellite data, and an up-to-date summary of the most relevant laboratory experiments regarding the electrical conductivity of upper mantle minerals for various temperature-pressure-water conditions. The sensitivity of electrical conductivity and other geophysical parameters (density, seismic velocities) of mantle rocks to changes in temperature and composition are presented based on a Monte Carlo method parameter exploration. Finally, a case study in Central Tibet is presented where both seismological (long-period surface wave phase velocities) and electromagnetic (magnetotelluric) data-simultaneously including the constraints offered by topography, surface heat flow and mantle xenoliths-have been integrated. The modelling is based on a self-consistent petrological-geophysical thermodynamic framework where mantle properties are calculated as a function of temperature, pressure, and composition. The Tibetan case study offers an excellent opportunity to illustrate the different and complementary sensitivities of the various data sets used and to show how integrated thermochemical models of the lithosphere can help understand settings with a complex tectonic evolution., Marie Curie Actions, Science Foundation Ireland, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
36. WINTERC-G: mapping the upper mantle thermochemical heterogeneity from coupled geophysical–petrological inversion of seismic waveforms, heat flow, surface elevation and gravity satellite data
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Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Lebedev, S., Martinec, Z., Celli, N.L., Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Lebedev, S., Martinec, Z., and Celli, N.L.
- Abstract
We present a new global thermochemical model of the lithosphere and underlying upper mantle constrained by state of the art seismic waveform inversion, satellite gravity (geoid and gravity anomalies and gradiometric measurements from ESA's GOCE mission), surface elevation and heat flow data: WINTERC-G. The model is based upon an integrated geophysical–petrological approach where seismic velocities and density in the mantle are computed within a thermodynamically self-consistent framework, allowing for a direct parametrization in terms of the temperature and composition variables. The complementary sensitivities of the data sets allow us to constrain the geometry of the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary, to separate thermal and compositional anomalies in the mantle, and to obtain a proxy for dynamic surface topography. At long spatial wavelengths, our model is generally consistent with previous seismic (or seismically derived) global models and earlier integrated studies incorporating surface wave data at lower lateral resolution. At finer scales, the temperature, composition and density distributions in WINTERC-G offer a new state of the art image at a high resolution globally (225 km average interknot spacing). Our model shows that the deepest lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary is associated with cratons and, also, some tectonically active areas (Andes, Persian Gulf). Among cratons we identify considerable differences in temperature and composition. The North American and Siberian Cratons are thick (>260 km) and compositionally refractory, whereas the Sino-Korean, Aldan and Tanzanian Cratons have a thinner, fertile lithosphere, similar to younger continental lithosphere elsewhere. WINTERC-G shows progressive thickening of oceanic lithosphere with age, but with significant regional differences: the lithospheric mantle beneath the Atlantic and Indian Oceans is, on average, colder, more fertile and denser than that beneath the Pacific Ocean. Our results sugges, Atraccion de Talento senior fellowship - Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid (España), Agencia Espacial Europea, Science Foundation Ireland, Geological Survey of Ireland, Unión Europea Horizonte 2020, Marie Curie Actions, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
37. Seismic structure of the southern Rivera plate and Jalisco block subduction zone
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Núñez Escribano, Diana, Núñez Cornú, Fancisco Javier, Escalona Alcázar, Felipe de Jesús, Córdoba Barba, Diego, López Ortiz, Jesualdo Yair, Carrillo de la Cruz, Juan Luis, Dañobeitia, Juan José, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Núñez Cornú, Fancisco Javier, Escalona Alcázar, Felipe de Jesús, Córdoba Barba, Diego, López Ortiz, Jesualdo Yair, Carrillo de la Cruz, Juan Luis, and Dañobeitia, Juan José
- Abstract
Structural and tectonic features in the Pacific Coast of Mexico generate a high level of seismic activity in the Jalisco block (JB) region, making it one of the most attractive areas of the world for geophysical investigations. The Rivera–North America contact zone has been the object of different tectonic studies in recent years framed within the TsuJal project. To this day, this project is generating numerous crucial geophysical results, which significantly improve our understanding of the region. Our study is focused on the interaction between the south of the JB and Rivera plate (RP), which crosses the Middle America trench. We also cover anoffshore–onshore transect of 130 km length between the eastern Rivera fracture zone and La Huerta region, in the Jalisco state. To characterize this region,we interpretedwide-angle seismic, multichannel seismic, and multibeam bathymetry data. The integration of these results, with the local and regional seismicity recorded by the Jalisco Seismic Accelerometric Telemetric Network and by the Mapping the Rivera Subduction Zone experiment, provides new insights into the geometry of the southern RP, which is dipping12°–14° under the JB in the northeast–southwest direction. Moreover, our results provide new seismic images of the accretionary wedge, the shallow crust, the deep crust, and the upper-mantle structure along this profile., Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), DGI Plan Nacional I+D+i, NOC Cruise JC098, RRS James Cook (United Kingdom), COIP/COPO/UNAM J-GAP2013 Cruise (BO El Puma), Unidad de Tecnologia Marina (España), Secretaria de Marina (Mexico) ARM Holzinger, Secretaria de Defensa Nacional (Mexico), Unidad Municipal de Proteccion Civil y Bomberos (Jalisco State, Mexico), Unidad Municipal de Proteccion Civil y Bomberos (Puerto Vallarta, Mexico), Unidad Estatal de Proteccion Civil y Bomberos (Nayarit State, Mexico), Reserva de la Biosfera (Islas Marias) CONANPSEMARNAT, Secretaria de Relaciones Exteriores (Mexico), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
38. New insights into El Chichón (Chiapas, Mexico) hydrothermal system from an aeromagnetic survey
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Fuentes-Arreazola, Mario A., Núñez Escribano, Diana, Cupul-Velázquez, Ana M., Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Fuentes-Arreazola, Mario A., Núñez Escribano, Diana, Cupul-Velázquez, Ana M., and Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J.
- Abstract
El texto completo de este trabajo no se encuentra disponible por no haber sido facilitado aún por su autor, por restricciones de copyright, o por no existir una versión digital, El Chichón is the northernmost and youngest volcano of the modern Chiapanecan volcanic arc and is responsible for the deadliest volcanic disaster in Mexico's modern history. Forty years after the eruption, there are still uncertainties in the subsurface architecture of the volcano and its basement. Based on this, we performed aeromagnetic data analyses using reduction–transformation techniques, spectral analysis, and forward modeling to delineate the magnetic rock–strata and to image the boundaries of the magmatic reservoir or regions of molten rock. Results show that the magnetic alignments identified correlate well with the local geological features. Our preferred interpretation of the estimated Curie point depth is as a region of mush composed of crystals and molten rock below the volcano (4.77 km), depicting the transitional sector to a deeper magma reservoir. We compute values of 101.57 °C km−1 and 253 mW⋅m−2 for the geothermal gradient and conductive heat flux, respectively. In addition, we identify two complementary aquifer formations representing the shallow−local and deeper−regional aquifer units using geomorphology, topographic, and stratigraphic characteristics. The magnetic anomalies analyzed and the identification of aquifer units in this study provide new detailed information about the geological, geophysical, and hydrogeological conceptual models of the El Chichón geothermal system., Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACYT, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
39. Climate change and outbreaks of amphibian chytridiomycosis in a montane area of Central Spain; is there a link?
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Bosch López, Jaime Alfonso, Carrascal, Luis M., Durán Montejano, Luis, Walker, Susan, Fisher, Matthew C., Bosch López, Jaime Alfonso, Carrascal, Luis M., Durán Montejano, Luis, Walker, Susan, and Fisher, Matthew C.
- Abstract
El texto completo de este trabajo no se encuentra disponible por no haber sido facilitado aún por su autor, por restricciones de copyright, o por no existir una versión digital, Amphibian species are declining at an alarming rate on a global scale in large part owing to an infectious disease caused by the chytridiomycete fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis. This disease of amphibians has recently emerged within Europe, but knowledge of its effects on amphibian assemblages remains poor. Importantly, little is known about the environmental envelope that is associated with chytridiomycosis in Europe and the potential for climate change to drive future disease dynamics. Here, we use long-term observations on amphibian population dynamics in the Penalara Natural Park, Spain, to investigate the link between climate change and chytridiomycosis. Our analysis shows a significant association between change in local climatic variables and the occurrence of chytridiomycosis within this region. Specifically, we show that rising temperature is linked to the occurrence of chytrid-related disease, consistent with the chytrid-thermal-optimum hypothesis. We show that these local variables are driven by general circulation patterns, principally the North Atlantic Oscillation. Given that B. dendrobatidis is known to be broadly distributed across Europe, there is now an urgent need to assess the generality of our finding and determine whether climate-driven epidemics may be expected to impact on amphibian species across the wider region., Fundación BBVA, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
40. Modeling the crust and upper mantle in northern Beata Ridge (CARIBE NORTE Project)
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Núñez Escribano, Diana, Córdoba Barba, Diego, Cotilla Rodríguez, Mario Octavio, Pazos, Antonio, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Córdoba Barba, Diego, Cotilla Rodríguez, Mario Octavio, and Pazos, Antonio
- Abstract
The complex tectonic region of NE Caribbean, where Hispaniola and Puerto Rico are located, is bordered by subduction zone with oblique convergence in the north and by incipient subduction zone associated to Muertos Trough in the south. Central Caribbean basin is characterized by the presence of a prominent topographic structure known as Beata Ridge, whose oceanic crustal thickness is unusual. The northern part of Beata Ridge is colliding with the central part of Hispaniola along a transverse NE alignment, which constitutes a morphostructural limit, thus producing the interruption of the Cibao Valley and the divergence of the rivers and basins in opposite directions. The direction of this alignment coincides with the discontinuity that could explain the extreme difference between west and east seismicity of the island. Different studies have provided information about Beata Ridge, mainly about the shallow structure from MCS data. In this work, CARIBE NORTE (2009) wide-angle seismic data are analyzed along a WNW-ESE trending line in the northern flank of Beata Ridge, providing a complete tectonic view about shallow, middle and deep structures. The results show clear tectonic differences between west and east separated by Beata Island. In the Haiti Basin area, sedimentary cover is strongly influenced by the bathymetry and its thickness decreases toward to the island. In this area, the Upper Mantle reaches 20 km deep increasing up to 24 km below the island where the sedimentary cover disappears. To the east, the three seamounts of Beata Ridge provoke the appearance of a structure completely different where sedimentary cover reaches thicknesses of 4 km between seamounts and Moho rises up to 13 km deep. This study has allowed to determine the Moho topography and to characterize seismically the first upper mantle layers along the northern Beata Ridge, which had not been possible with previous MCS data., Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
41. Seismic structure of the crust in the western Dominican Republic
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Núñez Escribano, Diana, Córdoba Barba, Diego, Kissling, Eduard, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Córdoba Barba, Diego, and Kissling, Eduard
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The contact between the Caribbean and North American plates is a tectonically complicated boundary where the deformation is accommodated in north and south of Hispaniola by the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden and Septentrional–Oriente Fault Zones (EPGFZ and SOFZ). We present a crustal and tectonic study of the Northeastern Caribbean Plate Boundary from wide-angle seismic data (WAS) acquired during the GEOPRICO-DO (2005) and CARIBE NORTE (2009) surveys, showing two transects crossing, from north to south, North American Plate (NOAM), Bahamas Platform, central Hispaniola and Caribbean Plate (CP). The results presented include two 2-D P wave velocity models of 425 km and 200 km long oriented NNE-SSW and ENE-SSW, respectively, obtained by the travel time forward and inverse modeling of the WAS data. Our study defines that the contact between Bahamas Platform, North American Plate and Hispaniola corresponds to oblique subduction with the Moho dipping 11° in the NNE-SSW direction. Furthermore, in the south, our results reveal the existence of an anomalous deep-reaching zone of lateral velocity variation in the mantle that could be associated with EPGFZ and a possible detached oceanic slab from NOAM that could explain the deep seismicity in the region., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
42. The Jalisco Seismic Accelerometric Telemetric Network (RESAJ)
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Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Sandoval, Juan Manuel, Alarcón, Edgar, Gómez, Adán, Suárez-Plascencia, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Trejo-Gómez, Elizabeth, Sánchez Mariscal, Óscar, Candelas Ortiz, J. Guadalupe, Zúñiga-Medina, Luz María, Núñez-Cornú, Francisco J., Sandoval, Juan Manuel, Alarcón, Edgar, Gómez, Adán, Suárez-Plascencia, Núñez Escribano, Diana, Trejo-Gómez, Elizabeth, Sánchez Mariscal, Óscar, Candelas Ortiz, J. Guadalupe, and Zúñiga-Medina, Luz María
- Abstract
The Jalisco region of western Mexico is the locus of interaction among the North America, Cocos, and Rivera plates, giving rise to the Jalisco block. This region is one of the most tectonically active in Mexico, and here took place the largest instrumentally recorded earthquake in Mexico the twentieth century, on 3 June 1932 (M 8.2), three important tsunamis in the last 100 yrs, and two of the most active volcanoes in Mexico. Nevertheless, the first seismicity studies here, undertaken with temporary networks, did not commence until 1994. In 2008, the Government of Jalisco and the University of Guadalajara funded a research project to install a seismic network in this region. The principal objective was to study the seismic hazard in the region and characterize seismic parameters in the different areas to design building codes. The Red Sísmica y Acelerométrica Telemétrica de Jalisco (RESAJ) project was thus initiated in 2009. Its Central Lab is at Centro de Sismología y Volcanología de Occidente (SisVOc), located at the Universidad de Guadalajara in Puerto Vallarta. Currently, the RESAJ has 26 telemetered and 2 autonomous stations. The RESAJ serves as the seismological lab for the postgraduate program at SisVOc., Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México), Universidad de Guadalajara (México), Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
43. From an atomistic study of olivine under pressure to the understanding of the macroscopic energy release in earthquakes
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López Sánchez, Carolina, Mattesini, Maurizio, Buforn Peiró, Vicenta María Elisa, Udías Vallina, Agustín, Serna Valdés, Jaime de la, Talavera, Hernando, Pro, Carmen, López Sánchez, Carolina, Mattesini, Maurizio, Buforn Peiró, Vicenta María Elisa, Udías Vallina, Agustín, Serna Valdés, Jaime de la, Talavera, Hernando, and Pro, Carmen
- Abstract
We present a multi-disciplinary study of the rupture process of deep- and intermediate-depth earthquakes in the subducting slab that develops beneath the Peruvian-Brazilian region. This contemplates the understanding of the atomistic fracture mechanism in an olivine model, its energetics budget, and the bridging of these results to the available seismic observables. A theoretical description of the stress-strain curves for the subducting material is initially provided as a key element to discern whether the rupture mechanism changes with depth or not. To this purpose, atomistic modelling was carried out through ab initio techniques for the forsterite olivine at different pressure ranges. The achieved stress-strain curves were compared to the average moment-scaled functions obtained for 43 intermediate (50 km < h < 200 km) and very deep earthquakes (500 km < h < 700 km) at the Peruvian-Brazilian subduction zone. It is found that at both depths operate a common atomistic rupture mechanism that is based on the gliding of the {001} crystal planes. Although the velocity of stress release changes with depth, this finding helps to clarify the controversial rupture process for very deep earthquakes at subduction zones. Likewise, efforts were directed to quantify the total amount of energy freed during an earthquake. Test calculations were carried out for several deep earthquakes providing rupture energy of six orders of magnitudes larger than the observable radiated seismic energy. This indicates that there might be space for redefining the commonly accepted order of magnitude for the seismic efficiency coefficient., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
44. The lithosphere–asthenosphere system beneath Ireland from integrated geophysical–petrological modeling II: 3D thermal and compositional structure
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Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Muller, M.R., Jones, A.G., Afonso, J.C., Fullea Urchulutegui, Javier, Muller, M.R., Jones, A.G., and Afonso, J.C.
- Abstract
El texto completo de este trabajo no se encuentra disponible por no haber sido facilitado aún por su autor, por restricciones de copyright, o por no existir una versión digital, The lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) depth represents a fundamental parameter in any quantitative lithospheric model, controlling to a large extent the temperature distribution within the crust and the uppermost mantle. The tectonic history of Ireland includes early Paleozoic closure of the Iapetus Ocean across the Iapetus Suture Zone (ISZ), and in northeastern Ireland late Paleozoic to early Mesozoic crustal extension, during which thick Permo-Triassic sedimentary successions were deposited, followed by early Cenozoic extrusion of large scale flood basalts. Although the crustal structure in Ireland and neighboring offshore areas is fairly well constrained, with the notable exception of the crust beneath Northern Ireland, the Irish uppermost mantle remains to date relatively unknown. In particular, the nature and extent of a hypothetical interaction between a putative proto Icelandic mantle plume and the Irish and Scottish lithosphere during the Tertiary opening of the North Atlantic has long been discussed in the literature with diverging conclusions. In this work, the present-day thermal and compositional structure of the lithosphere in Ireland is modeled based on a geophysical-petrological approach (LitMod3D) that combines comprehensively a large variety of data (namely elevation, surface heat flow, potential fields, xenoliths and seismic tomography models), reducing the inherent uncertainties and trade-offs associated with classical modeling of those individual data sets. The preferred 3D lithospheric models show moderate lateral density variations in Ireland characterized by a slightly thickened lithosphere along the SW-NE trending ISZ, and a progressive lithospheric thinning from southern Ireland towards the north. The mantle composition in the southern half of Ireland (East Avalonia) is relatively and uniformly fertile (i.e., typical Phanerozoic mantle), whereas the lithospheric composition in the northern half of Ireland (Laurentia) seems to vary fro, JAE-DOC programme (CSIC-Spain), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Science Foundation Ireland, Australian Research Council, Depto. de Física de la Tierra y Astrofísica, Fac. de Ciencias Físicas, TRUE, pub
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- 2024
45. ACELEROGRAMAS Y ESPECTROS DE RESPUESTA EN MEDIOS: SUELO Y ROCA, BOYACÁ, COLOMBIA
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Luis Humberto Pinto Morales and María del Carmen Fuentes Fuentes
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geofísica ,geoeléctrica ,sondeo eléctrico vertical ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Technology (General) ,T1-995 - Abstract
El control de vibraciones implica la medición de estas perturbaciones en una voladura de producción. Si el nivel de vibraciones registrado fuera menor que el criterio de prevención, podrá incrementarse progresivamente la carga operante hasta que las intensidades de vibración fueran iguales al valor máximo admisible. En ese sentido, los análisis realizados en éste artículo sirven como estudios preliminares para establecer una tabla patrón de cargas máximas por tiempos de retardo en relación con la distancia a las estructuras a proteger, la velocidad y/o aceleración de la partícula.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Lançamento de uma sonda atmosférica de baixo custo
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Phablo Araújo de Sousa, Karla Suélita Silva de Paula, Daniela Honório, David Michael da Silva, Alessandro Martins, and Maurício J.A. Bolzan
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Sonda ,telemetria ,balão ,atmosfera ,meio ambiente ,geofísica ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Radiossondas, também chamadas de sondas atmosféricas, são muito utilizadas para a aquisição de diversas variáveis atmosféricas com finalidades desde previsão de tempo e, também, em segurança aeronáutica. Estas, porém, tem um custo elevado de aquisição por serem importadas. Por isso, neste trabalho será exposto o resultado de um lançamento de uma sonda desenvolvida utilizando materiais de baixo custo com resultados muito interessantes. A telemetria utilizada (comunicação via Morse e SDR) permitiu à comunicação a longa distância. Além disso, este projeto teve por objetivo fazer com que os alunos se envolvessem nas diversas etapas do projeto, desde o planejamento, construção, lançamento, recuperação e análise de dados meteorológicos obtidos.
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- 2022
- Full Text
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47. Investigação multidisciplinar do risco de queda de árvore: estudo de caso em pau-ferro, na Cidade de São Paulo, SP.
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de Aguiar Moraes Amaral, Raquel Dias, Coelho de Campos, Gisleine, Brasil Gandolfo, Otávio Coaracy, Neris dos Santos, Vinicius Rafael, Araújo de Lima, Reinaldo, and da Fonseca, Rafael
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URBAN trees , *WOOD , *CIVIL engineering , *CIVIL engineers , *DECISION making , *SUBSOILS - Abstract
Objective: Diagnose and analyze the falling risk in pau-ferro tree based on a methodology developed by the authors, described in the form of a conceptual flowchart, which includes results from the phytosanitary diagnosis, eventual soil movements, trunk inclination and, as well as geophysical methods for risk decision making and management. Methodology: Application of procedures to analyze the risk of falling trees considering external and internal aspects, using non-destructive equipment, in parallel with the control of the trunk inclination, vertical displacements of the soil and the root outcrop of the tree, in addition to the characterization of the subsoil integrating methods geophysicists. Originality/Relevance: This work shows the application of civil engineering and geophysical techniques to analyze the risk of tree falling in urban area. Results: The tree specimen used as a case study had an apparent cavity and intense wood rot, as well as a bent and detached root from the ground, which made it impossible to anchor and support it. The concentration of roots, below the surface of the ground, did not guarantee stability due to the evolution of the vertical displacements of the surface and inclination of the trunk towards the avenue, and its suppression is indicated because it presents a risk of falling. Social/Management Contributions: Trees offer numerous benefits and obtaining these privileges depends on proper management that considers their proper management and monitoring. Decision making regarding the risk of falling must be based on several analyses, preferably based on nondestructive methods, reducing uncertainties so that trees are not removed unnecessarily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
- Full Text
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48. Prospección Geoeléctrica para la Ubicación de Zonas Saturadas de Agua en la Ciudad de Lázaro Cárdenas, Puebla.
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Guzmán García, Rosalinda and González Juárez, Diego Armando
- Abstract
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- Published
- 2021
49. Red de conocimiento: los jesuitas, las ciencias de observatorio y su evolución en España y ultramar, 1855-1905
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Aitor Anduaga
- Subjects
jesuitas ,red de conocimiento ,ciencias de observatorio ,ciencias misioneras ,geofísica ,meteorología ,History (General) ,D1-2009 ,Religion (General) ,BL1-50 - Abstract
Los jesuitas desempeñaron un papel clave en el desarrollo de las ciencias de observatorio en España en el siglo XIX. La Compañía de Jesús, basándose en el espíritu fundacional ignaciano, centró su actuación en dos apostolados: educación y misiones de ultramar. En los dos buscó armonizar religión y ciencia. Aunque estableció estaciones meteorológicas en colegios jesuitas en los años 1880, los primeros observatorios se fundaron en Manila y La Habana dos décadas antes. Para entender cómo circuló, se produjo y se estructuró el conocimiento, es preciso adoptar un enfoque global y de red. En lugar de un conjunto de centros inconexos y aislados, este ensayo sugiere que los jesuitas construyeron una red expansiva y no centralizada de conocimiento que culminó con la creación de los observatorios de La Cartuja (1902) y Ebro (1904). En este proceso, el eje de la estructura de conocimiento evolucionó de la «estación» al «observatorio», por un lado, y de la «periferia» a la «metrópolis», por otro.
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- 2022
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50. Estudio Geofísico e Hidrogeológico con método electromagnético en el Municipio de Valverde del Fresno, España
- Author
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Arturo Zevallos, Jean Córdova, Elvis Candia, and Pedro Carrasco
- Subjects
Método Electromagnético VLF ,Geofísica ,Hidrogeología ,Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Se realizó una investigación geofísica e hidrogeológica, para determinar la litología y morfología de los materiales que conforman la zona del término municipal de Valverde del Fresno, España. Con el fin de caracterizar las unidades geoeléctricas existentes en la zona de estudio y de determinar si es existe alguna zona adecuada para la extracción de recurso hídrico. Para proceder con el estudio de esta área, compuesta por fracturas y diques, se ha utilizado el Método Electromagnético Very Low Frecuency, con el cual se han efectuado 6 perfiles mediante el instrumento ABEM WADI. A partir de estos perfiles se logró determinar dos zonas con posibilidades hidrogeológicas, para emplazar sondeos de captación de aguas subterráneas.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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