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9 results on '"Geoffrey Halliwell"'

1. Biotechnological Aspects of Lignocellulose and Biomass Degradation

Author

Geoffrey Halliwell and Nigel Halliwell

Subjects
Ecology, business.industry, Biomass, Biodegradation, Pulp and paper industry, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Agriculture, Biomass degradation, Environmental science, Animal Science and Zoology, Cellulose, business, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract

Vast amounts of lignocellulose/biomass are available, both naturally and as agricultural wastes, for exploitation as sources of chemical feedstocks, fuels, foods and feeds. In fact, cellulose is the only renewable biological resource available in sufficient quantity to support such large-scale industrial processes. The major constraints to these conversions and the utilization of lignocellulosic materials are economic. Apart from specially grown biomass crops the cellulose and hemicelluloses from crop residues show considerable potential for exploitation, especially as fossil fuels become depleted and less accessible. The problems may appear great but so too are the rewards.

Published
1995
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2. Interactions between components of the cellulase complex of Trichoderma koningii on native substrates

Author

Geoffrey Halliwell and Mohammed Riaz

Subjects
Trichoderma koningii, Chromatography, Glycoside Hydrolases, biology, Component (thermodynamics), Chemistry, Substrate (chemistry), General Medicine, Cellulase, biology.organism_classification, Biochemistry, Microbiology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Trichoderma, Genetics, biology.protein, Degradation (geology), Organic chemistry, Mitosporic Fungi, Cellulose, Molecular Biology, Glucosidases
Abstract

The cellulase complex of Trichoderma koningii has been separated into four apparently pure components namely cellobiase, a C1-like component and two new components, one a CM-cellulase, the other named component C2. All four are necessary for efficient solubilisation of native cellulose. 2. The two new components together constitute the composite CM-cellulase-short-fibre forming activity described by Halliwell and Riaz (1970). 3. Alone only components C2 and C1 have any action on the substrate, the former being somewhat more effective than the C1 component which shows weak solubilising power. 4. Component C2 degrades cellulose weakly to short-fibres but synergises extensively with the CM-cellulase in promoting this process. In contrast the CM-cellula se fails to react significantly with component C1. 6. The interaction of all four components in contributing to the degradation of native cellulose is discussed.

Published
1971
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3. Saccharification of Complex Cellulosic Substrates by the Cellulase System from Clostridium thermocellum

Author

Geoffrey Halliwell, Ashwin Madia, Mitsuji Sakajoh, Arnold L. Demain, and Eric A. Johnson

Subjects
animal structures, Ecology, biology, Chemistry, Cellulase, biology.organism_classification, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Cellulosome assembly, Cellulosome, Hydrolysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Clostridium, Biochemistry, biology.protein, Clostridium thermocellum, Food science, Cellulose, Trichoderma reesei, Metabolism, Growth, and Industrial Microbiology, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

True cellulase activity has been demonstrated in cell-free preparations from the thermophilic anaerobe Clostridium thermocellum . Such activity depends upon the presence of Ca 2+ and a thiol-reducing agent of which dithiothreitol is the most promising. Under these conditions, native (cotton) and derived forms of cellulose (Avicel and filter paper) were all extensively solubilized at rates comparable with cellulase from Trichoderma reesei . Maximum activity of the Clostridium cellulase was displayed at 70°C and at pH 5.7 and 6.1 on Avicel and carboxymethylcellulose, respectively. In the absence of substrate at temperatures up to 70°C, carboxymethylcellulase was much more unstable than the Avicel-hydrolyzing activity.

Published
1982

5. Contributors

Author

Robexrt H. Abeles, Hugo Aebi, Erik Änggard, Norman G. Anderson, Walter Appel, M.H. Aprison, Gilbert Ashwell, Swee E. Aw, Uriel Bachrach, Karl-Heinz Bässler, Eugene S. Baginski, Klaus Beaucamp, Günter Bechtler, Hans Ulrich Bergmeyer, Erich Bernt, Hans-Otto Beutler, Rardon D. Bevill, Heidi Birchmeier, Oscar Bodansky, Paul Boulanger, Karl Brand, Myron Brin, David J.H. Brock, John T. Brosnan, David H. Brown, Joseph G. Brown, Theodor Bücher, Hannes Büttner, Giovanni Ceriotti, James F.A. Chase, Alan Coddington, Patricia S. Cohen, Jack M. Cooperman, Rudolf Czok, Stanley Dagley, Katharina von Dahl, Arne Dahlqvist, Karl Decker, Ulrich C. Dubach, Arnold Eberhard, Fujio Egami, Leonard V. Eggleston, Manfred Eggstein, Frank Eisenberg, Hugo Fasold, William H. Fishman, Piero P. Foà, Edith Förster, Georg Forster, Jörg Frei, Ursula Friebe, Lygia W. Fried, Rainer Fried, Herbert C. Friedmann, Wolf-Peter Fritsch, Hans Fritz, Herbert J. Fromm, Ernest F. Gale, Peter Bryan Garland, Karlfried Gawehn, Ulrich Gerlach, Paul A. Giang, Martin Gibbs, Richard Gitzelmann, Guiseppe Giusti, Heinz W. Goedde, Nelson D. Goldberg, L.T. Graham, Marianne Grassi, Elaine Greenberg, Helmut Greiling, Wolfgang Gruber, Gerd Gundlach, Ingeborg Gutmann, Alexander Hagen, Erich Haid, Hans Haindl, Geoffrey Halliwell, Erwin Hansert, Shin Hasegawa, George G. Hazen, Fritz Heinz, Benno Hess, Peter-Uwe Heuckenkamp, Walter Hiby, John G. Hildebrand, Günther Hillmann, Magnus Hjelm, John R. Hobbs, Norman Joseph Hochella, Thomas Höpner, Helmut Hofner, August W. Holldorf, Günter Holz, Helmut Holzer, Bernhard L. Horecker, Koki Horikoshi, Ronald E. Huribert, Joel Hutzier, Kurt J. Isselbacher, Barbara von Jagow-Westermann, William B. Jakoby, Dieter Jaworek, Mary Ellen Jones, Søren Jørgensen, Wolfram Kaiser, Heinrich Kaltwasser, Reinhard Kattermann, Edna B. Kearney, Dietrich Keppler, John King, Bernard Klein, Martin Klingenberg, Siegmar Klose, Helmut R. Klotzsch, Leiv Klungsøyr, Joachim Knappe, Leonard D. Kohn, Friedrich-Wilhelm Koss, Gladys Krakow, Elisabeth Kuhlmann, Ernest Kun, Gerhart Kurz, Jürgen Kusche, Rudolf Lachenicht, Walther Lamprecht, Gunter Lang, Ulrich Langenbeck, Erwin Latzko, Gerhard Laudahn, Franz Leuthardt, Jacob B. Levine, Alfred Linker, Georg Löffler, Georg Wilhelm Löhr, Karin Löschenkohl, Wilfried Lorenz, Oliver H. Lowry, A. Leonard Luhby, Patricia Lund, Frank Lundquist, Feodor Lynen, Hermann Mattenheimer, Heinrich Matthaei, Claus Maurer, Dieter Mayer, Dieter Mecke, Jane Mellanby, Gerhard Michal, Hans Möllering, Gotthilf Näher, Charles W. Nagel, Robert G. Narins, Erwin Negelein, Heinrich G. Netheler, Eric A. Newsholme, Franz Noll, Hans-Dieter Ohlenbusch, Roger Osteux, Peter Otto, Antonius P.M. van Oudheusden, Paul M. Packmann, Janet V. Passonneau, David J. Pearson, Gerhard Pfleiderer, Wolfgang Pilz, Brunhilde Poppendiek, Jack Preiss, Johann Pütter, Jesse C. Rabinowitz, Efraim Racker, Elli Rauscher, Wirnt Rick, Erwin Rimbach, Peter Röschlau, Carmen Louis Rosano, Jean-François Rouayrenc, Bengt Samuelsson, George E. Schaiberger, Peter Scheibe, William Scher, Helmut Schievelbein, Hans-Günter Schlegel, Ella Schmid, Ellen Schmidt, Felix H. Schmidt, Friedrich W. Schmidt, Helmuth Schmidt, Wilhelm Schoner, Josef Schormüller, Gerhard Schreiber, Christian Schütt, Demoy W. Schulz, Morton K. Schwartz, Gertraud Schweitzer, Werner Seubert, Günther Siebert, Abraham L. Siegel, Wolfgang Staib, Dankwart Stamm, Hans-Peter Stegbauer, Philipp Stein, Harald Stork, Harold V. Street, Bernard L. Strehler, Heinrich Südhof, Szasz Gabor, Shigehiko Taniguchi, Ivar Trautschold, Philip K. Tubbs, Johannes Ullrich, P. Roy Vagelos, Carl-Henrie de Verdier, Peter Vögele, Klaus-Dieter Voigt, August Wilhelm Wahlefeld, Kurt Wallenfels, Hans Dierck Waller, Hans Elmar Walter, Klaus Walter, Otto Warburg, Arthur Weissbach, Herwig Weisser, Eugen Werle, H. Whitney Wharton, Hans-Joachim Wieker, Otto Wieland, Roger Jozef Wieme, J. Henry Wilkinson, Dermot H. Williamson, John R. Williamson, Wolfgang Wilmanns, Irene Witt, Hans-Peter Wolf, Peter Wunderwald, Hans Georg Zachau, Bennie Zak, Gottfried Zankl, Joachim Ziegenhorn, and Nepomuk Zöllner

Published
1974
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6. Contributors

Author

Hans Adam, Robert Ammon, Gilbert Ashwell, Kenneth Bailey, Klaus Beaucamp, Hans-Ulrich Bergmeyer, Paul Bernath, Erich Bernt, Hans Bockendahl, Roger Bonnichsen, Paul Boulanger, David H. Brown, Friedrich H. Bruns, Theodor Bücher, Alan Coddington, Rudolf Czok, Stanley Dagley, Karl Decker, Franz Duspiva, Lieselotte Eckert, Fujio Egami, Hugo Fasold, William H. Fishman, Martin Flavin, Herbert C. Friedmann, Herbert J. Fromm, Ernest F. Gale, Ulrich Gerlach, Paul A. Giang, Heinz Werner Goedde, Paul Greengard, Helmut Greiling, Gerd Gundlach, Geoffrey Halliwell, Cornelis J.A. Hamer, D. van, Alfred E. Harper, Benno Hess, Gerd Hobom, Eduard Hofmann, Hans-Jürgen Hohorst, August Holldorf, Erika Holzer, Helmut Holzer, Bernard L. Horecker, Hans-Dieter Horn, Hans-Joachim Hübener, Kurt J. Isselbacher, Søren Jorgensen, Reinhard Kattermann, Herbert Keller, Martin Klingenberg, Helmut Klotzsch, Joachim Knappe, Gladys Krakow, Stanley P. Kramer, Isidore Krimsky, Ernest Kun, Walther Lamprecht, Erwin Latzko, Irwin G. Leder, Kurt Linhardt, Georg Wilhelm Löhr, Bruno Lorenz, Hans Lück, Frank Lundquist, Carol J. Lusty, Joseph MacGee, Jane Mellanby, Gerhard Michal, George T. Mills, Hans Möllering, Erwin Negelein, Michael Nelböck-Hochstetter, Robert C. Nordlie, Roger Osteux, Gerhard Pfleiderer, Wolfgang Pilz, Elith Praetorius, William E. Pricer, Jesse C. Rabinowitz, Efraim Racker, Martin Reim, Francis J. Reithel, Wirnt Rick, Ellen Schmidt, Friedrich W. Schmidt, Josef Schormüller, Gerhard Schreiber, Arnold M. Seligman, Werner Seubert, Günther Siebert, Thomas P. Singer, Milton W. Slein, Evelyn E.B. Smith, Hans-Dieter Söling, Philipp Stein, Harold V. Street, Bernard L. Strehler, Heinrich Südhof, Shigehiko Taniguchi, Ivar Trautschold, P. Roy Vagelos, Klaus-Dieter Voigt, Hans Dierck Waller, Klaus Walter, Arthur Weissbach, Eugen Werle, Siegfried H.C. de Whalley, William J. Whelan, Otto Wieland, H. Guy Williams-Ashman, Dermot H. Williamson, Irene Witt, Hans-Peter Wolf, Heinz Wüst, and Nepomuk Zöllner

Published
1965
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