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1. Heisenberg's uncertainty principle in the PTOLEMY project: a theory update

Author

PTOLEMY Collaboration, Apponi, A., Betti, M. G., Borghesi, M., Boyarsky, A., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cheianov, V., Cheipesh, Y., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., D'Ambrosio, N., de Groot, N., Esposito, A., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Ficcadenti, L., Frederico, T., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Marques, M., Menichetti, G., Messina, M., Mikulenko, O., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Orlandi, D., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pepe, C., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pisanti, O., Polini, M., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rozwadowska, K., Rucandio, I., Ruocco, A., Strid, C. F., Tan, A., Teles, L. K., Tozzini, V., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zeitler, U., and Zhao, F.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We discuss the consequences of the quantum uncertainty on the spectrum of the electron emitted by the $\beta$-processes of a tritium atom bound to a graphene sheet. We analyze quantitatively the issue recently raised in [Cheipesh et al., Phys. Rev. D 104, 116004 (2021)], and discuss the relevant time scales and the degrees of freedom that can contribute to the intrinsic spread in the electron energy. We perform careful calculations of the potential between tritium and graphene with different coverages and geometries. With this at hand, we propose possible avenues to mitigate the effect of the quantum uncertainty., Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures

Published
2022
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2. Implementation and Optimization of the PTOLEMY Transverse Drift Electromagnetic Filter

Author

Apponi, A., Betti, M. G., Borghesi, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., D'Ambrosio, N., de Groot, N., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Ficcadenti, L., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Orlandi, D., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pedrós, J., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rozwadowska, K., Rucandio, I., Ruocco, A., Santorelli, R., Strid, C. F., Tan, A., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zeitler, U., and Zhao, F.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The PTOLEMY transverse drift filter is a new concept to enable precision analysis of the energy spectrum of electrons near the tritium beta-decay endpoint. This paper details the implementation and optimization methods for successful operation of the filter. We present the first demonstrator that produces the required magnetic field properties with an iron return-flux magnet. Two methods for the setting of filter electrode voltages are detailed. The challenges of low-energy electron transport in cases of low field are discussed, such as the growth of the cyclotron radius with decreasing magnetic field, which puts a ceiling on filter performance relative to fixed filter dimensions. Additionally, low pitch angle trajectories are dominated by motion parallel to the magnetic field lines and introduce non-adiabatic conditions and curvature drift. To minimize these effects and maximize electron acceptance into the filter, we present a three-potential-well design to simultaneously drain the parallel and transverse kinetic energies throughout the length of the filter. These optimizations are shown, in simulation, to achieve low-energy electron transport from a 1 T iron core (or 3 T superconducting) starting field with initial kinetic energy of 18.6 keV drained to <10 eV (<1 eV) in about 80 cm. This result for low field operation paves the way for the first demonstrator of the PTOLEMY spectrometer for measurement of electrons near the tritium endpoint to be constructed at the Gran Sasso National Laboratary (LNGS) in Italy., Comment: 29 pages, 25 figures

Published
2021
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5. Neutrino physics with the PTOLEMY project: active neutrino properties and the light sterile case

Author

PTOLEMY collaboration, Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., De Groot, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., García-Cortés, I., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J. E., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Moroño, A., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pastor, S., Pedrós, J., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rucandio, I., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zhao, F., and Zurek, K. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The PTOLEMY project aims to develop a scalable design for a Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) detector, the first of its kind and the only one conceived that can look directly at the image of the Universe encoded in neutrino background produced in the first second after the Big Bang. The scope of the work for the next three years is to complete the conceptual design of this detector and to validate with direct measurements that the non-neutrino backgrounds are below the expected cosmological signal. In this paper we discuss in details the theoretical aspects of the experiment and its physics goals. In particular, we mainly address three issues. First we discuss the sensitivity of PTOLEMY to the standard neutrino mass scale. We then study the perspectives of the experiment to detect the CNB via neutrino capture on tritium as a function of the neutrino mass scale and the energy resolution of the apparatus. Finally, we consider an extra sterile neutrino with mass in the eV range, coupled to the active states via oscillations, which has been advocated in view of neutrino oscillation anomalies. This extra state would contribute to the tritium decay spectrum, and its properties, mass and mixing angle, could be studied by analyzing the features in the beta decay electron spectrum., Comment: Typos corrected; Matches version accepted by JCAP

Published
2019
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6. A Design for an Electromagnetic Filter for Precision Energy Measurements at the Tritium Endpoint

Author

Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Bosca, A., Calle, F., Carabe-Lopez, J., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martinez, J., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Pastor, S., Pedros, J., Heros, C. Perez de los, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A., Puiu, A., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Strid, C. F., Tully, C. G., Zhao, F., and Zurek, K. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present a detailed description of the electromagnetic filter for the PTOLEMY project to directly detect the Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB). Starting with an initial estimate for the orbital magnetic moment, the higher-order drift process of ExB is configured to balance the gradient-B drift motion of the electron in such a way as to guide the trajectory into the standing voltage potential along the mid-plane of the filter. As a function of drift distance along the length of the filter, the filter zooms in with exponentially increasing precision on the transverse velocity component of the electron kinetic energy. This yields a linear dimension for the total filter length that is exceptionally compact compared to previous techniques for electromagnetic filtering. The parallel velocity component of the electron kinetic energy oscillates in an electrostatic harmonic trap as the electron drifts along the length of the filter. An analysis of the phase-space volume conservation validates the expected behavior of the filter from the adiabatic invariance of the orbital magnetic moment and energy conservation following Liouville's theorem for Hamiltonian systems.

Published
2018
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7. The MoRe Guidelines for Monitoring of Transport Infrastructures

Author

Limongelli, M. P., Gentile, C., Biondini, F., di Prisco, M., Ballio, F., Belloli, M., Resta, F., Vigo, P., Colombo, A., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Pellegrino, Carlo, editor, Faleschini, Flora, editor, Zanini, Mariano Angelo, editor, Matos, José C., editor, Casas, Joan R., editor, and Strauss, Alfred, editor

Published
2022
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10. Haemocer Plus in the treatment and prevention of lower GI post-resectional bleeding: prospective multicenter registry

Author

Auriemma, F., additional, Andrisani, G., additional, Facciorusso, A., additional, Calabrese, F., additional, Citterio, N., additional, Paduano, D., additional, Gentile, C., additional, Spertino, M., additional, Marcozzi, G., additional, Hassan, C., additional, Di Matteo, F. M., additional, Repici, A., additional, and Mangiavillano, B., additional

Published
2024
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12. OC.17.6: OUTCOMES OF LUMEN APPOSING METAL STENT PLACEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH SURGICALLY ALTERED ANATOMY: A MULTICENTER INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

Author

Mangiavillano, B., primary, Ramai, D., additional, Gentile, C., additional, Samanta, J., additional, Bronswijk, M., additional, Van Der Merwe, S., additional, Kouanda, A., additional, Hyun, J., additional, Sun-Chuan, D., additional, Deprez, P., additional, Vargas-Madrigal, J., additional, Forti, E., additional, Mutignani, M., additional, Vanella, G., additional, Leone, R., additional, Arcidiacono, P.G., additional, Robles-Medranda, C., additional, Alcivar-Vasquez, J., additional, Arevalo-Mora, M., additional, Fugazza, A., additional, Ko, C., additional, Lisotti, A., additional, Larghi, A., additional, Rizzatti, G., additional, Galasso, D., additional, Di Matteo, F.M., additional, Stigliano, S., additional, Pham, K.D., additional, Fusaroli, P., additional, Di Mitri, R., additional, Amata, M., additional, Crinò, S.F., additional, Ofosu, A., additional, Binda, C., additional, Fabbri, C., additional, Morris, J.D., additional, Auriemma, F., additional, Paduano, D., additional, Calabrese, F., additional, Hassan, C., additional, Repici, A., additional, and Facciorusso, A., additional

Published
2024
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13. Outcomes Of Lumen Apposing Metal Stent Placement In Patients With Surgically Altered Anatomy: A Multicenter International Experience

Author

Mangiavillano, B., additional, Ramai, D., additional, Gentile, C., additional, Samanta, J., additional, Dahr, J., additional, Bronswijk, M., additional, Van der Merwe, S., additional, Kouanda, A., additional, Hyun, J., additional, Sun-Chuan, D., additional, Deprez, P., additional, Jorge, V. M., additional, Forti, E., additional, Mutignani, M., additional, Vanella, G., additional, Leone, R., additional, Arcidiacono, P., additional, Robles-Medranda, C., additional, Alcivar-Vasquez, J., additional, Arevalo-Mora, M., additional, Fugazza, A., additional, Ko, C., additional, Lisotti, A., additional, Larghi, A., additional, Rizzatti, G., additional, Galasso, D., additional, Di Matteo, F. M., additional, Stigliano, S., additional, Pham, K.D. C., additional, Fusaroli, P., additional, Di Mitri, R., additional, Amata, M., additional, Crinò, S. F., additional, Ofosu, A., additional, Binda, C., additional, Fabbri, C., additional, Morris, J. D., additional, Auriemma, F., additional, Paduano, D., additional, Calabrese, F., additional, Hassan, C., additional, Repici, A., additional, and Facciorusso, A., additional

Published
2024
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14. PTOLEMY: A Proposal for Thermal Relic Detection of Massive Neutrinos and Directional Detection of MeV Dark Matter

Author

Baracchini, E., Betti, M. G., Biasotti, M., Bosca, A., Calle, F., Carabe-Lopez, J., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., D'Ambrosio, N., de Salas, P. F., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Gudmundsson, J., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Lisanti, M., Mancini-Terracciano, C., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martinez, J., Mazzitelli, G., Messina, M., Molinero-Vela, A., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Pandolfi, F., Pastor, S., Pedros, J., Heros, C. Perez de los, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A., Puiu, A., Rajteri, M., Santorelli, R., Schaeffner, K., Tully, C. G., Raitses, Y., Rossi, N., Zhao, F., and Zurek, K. M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We propose to achieve the proof-of-principle of the PTOLEMY project to directly detect the Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB). Each of the technological challenges described in [1,2] will be targeted and hopefully solved by the use of the latest experimental developments and profiting from the low background environment provided by the LNGS underground site. The first phase will focus on the graphene technology for a tritium target and the demonstration of TES microcalorimetry with an energy resolution of better than 0.05 eV for low energy electrons. These technologies will be evaluated using the PTOLEMY prototype, proposed for underground installation, using precision HV controls to step down the kinematic energy of endpoint electrons to match the calorimeter dynamic range and rate capabilities. The second phase will produce a novel implementation of the EM filter that is scalable to the full target size and which demonstrates intrinsic triggering capability for selecting endpoint electrons. Concurrent with the CNB program, we plan to exploit and develop the unique properties of graphene to implement an intermediate program for direct directional detection of MeV dark matter [3,4]. This program will evaluate the radio-purity and scalability of the graphene fabrication process with the goal of using recently identified ultra-high radio-purity CO2 sources. The direct detection of the CNB is a snapshot of early universe dynamics recorded by the thermal relic neutrino yield taken at a time that predates the epochs of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, the Cosmic Microwave Background and the recession of galaxies (Hubble Expansion). Big Bang neutrinos are believed to have a central role in the evolution of the Universe and a direct measurement with PTOLEMY will unequivocally establish the extent to which these predictions match present-day neutrino densities.

Published
2018

16. StradeNet: A regional road information system

Author

Bianchi, S., primary, Zani, G., additional, Scalbi, A., additional, Flores Ferreira, K., additional, D’Angelo, M., additional, Anghileri, M., additional, Capacci, L., additional, Biondini, F., additional, di Prisco, M., additional, Ballio, F., additional, Borlenghi, P., additional, Zonno, G., additional, Gentile, C., additional, Benedetti, L., additional, Belloli, M., additional, Colombo, A., additional, Vigo, P., additional, Sportelli, C., additional, Lanza, V., additional, and Barassi, S., additional

Published
2022
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19. Forest management guidelines to promote the conservation of Apennine brown bear in Italy

Author

Rositi A, Console C, Di Santo D, Gentile C, Logiudice L, Posillico M, Sammarone L, and Ciucci P

Subjects
Forest Management, Forest Planning, Habitat, Wildlife Forestry, Ursus arctos marsicanus, Forestry, SD1-669.5
Abstract

Forests provide a wide range of important ecosystem services and, among these benefits, biodiversity and wildlife habitat. Forest management (including no active control) deeply affects wildlife management, since it can alter habitat structure and productivity, speed-up evolution of ecosystems, and impact on wildlife ability to survive and reproduce. Unfortunately still very often, practitioners, forest planners and policy-makers fail to understand this opportunity. Forest management can maintain and enhance quality, quantity and availability of natural resources for wildlife, and therefore it is a valuable management tool long recognized in the wildlife practice. This is particularly true for species associated to forest ecosystems which are threatened or endangered, such as the Apennine brown bear (Ursus arctos marsicanus). Based on an extensive literature review on forest management-bear interactions, we report recommended management actions and associated working techniques, hereby illustrated and discussed in order to define a set of forest management guidelines meant to promote and encourage the adoption of adequate silviculture practices in Apennine forests, as well as to facilitate and support the range expansion of Apennine brown bear beyond its current core distribution. Our aim is also to present these guidelines to a wider scientific audience and decision-makers to foster their implementation into management practices, especially within protected areas. Finally, our ultimate goal is to fill the gap between disciplines such as silviculture and animal ecology, with the aim of stimulating the multidisciplinary approach requested not only for the conservation of the Apennine brown bear but for the integrated and enhanced management of wildlife in general.

Published
2019
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20. Development of a Relic Neutrino Detection Experiment at PTOLEMY: Princeton Tritium Observatory for Light, Early-Universe, Massive-Neutrino Yield

Author

Betts, S., Blanchard, W. R., Carnevale, R. H., Chang, C., Chen, C., Chidzik, S., Ciebiera, L., Cloessner, P., Cocco, A., Cohen, A., Dong, J., Klemmer, R., Komor, M., Gentile, C., Harrop, B., Hopkins, A., Jarosik, N., Mangano, G., Messina, M., Osherson, B., Raitses, Y., Sands, W., Schaefer, M., Taylor, J., Tully, C. G., Woolley, R., and Zwicker, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The PTOLEMY experiment (Princeton Tritium Observatory for Light, Early-Universe, Massive-Neutrino Yield) aims to achieve the sensitivity required to detect the relic neutrino background through a combination of a large area surface-deposition tritium target, MAC-E filter methods, cryogenic calorimetry, and RF tracking and time-of-flight systems. A small-scale prototype is in operation at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory with the goal of validating the technologies that would enable the design of a 100 gram PTOLEMY. With precision calorimetry in the prototype setup, the limitations from quantum mechanical and Doppler broadening of the tritium target for different substrates will be measured, including graphene substrates. Beyond relic neutrino physics, sterile neutrinos contributing to the dark matter in the universe are allowed by current constraints on partial contributions to the number of active neutrino species in thermal equilibrium in the early universe. The current PTOLEMY prototype is expected to have unique sensitivity in the search for sterile neutrinos with electron-flavor content for masses of 0.1--1keV, where less stringent, 10eV, energy resolution is required. The search for sterile neutrinos with electron-flavor content with the 100g PTOLEMY is expected to reach the level $|U_{e4}|^2$ of $10^{-4}$--$10^{-6}$, depending on the sterile neutrino mass.

Published
2013

25. Implementation and optimization of the PTOLEMY transverse drift electromagnetic filter

Author

Apponi, A., Betti, M. G., Borghesi, M., Boscá, A., Calle, F., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., D'Ambrosio, N., de Groot, N., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Ficcadenti, L., Garcia-Abia, P., Gomez-Tejedor, G. Garcia, Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Martínez, J., Messina, M., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Orlandi, D., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., Pedrós, J., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rozwadowska, K., Rucandio, I., Ruocco, A., Santorelli, R., Strid, C. F., Tan, A., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zeitler, U., Zhao, F., Apponi, A, Betti, M, Borghesi, M, Canci, N, Cavoto, G, Chang, C, Chung, W, Cocco, A, Colijn, A, D'Ambrosio, N, De Groot, N, Faverzani, M, Ferella, A, Ferri, E, Ficcadenti, L, Gariazzo, S, Gatti, F, Gentile, C, Giachero, A, Hochberg, Y, Kahn, Y, Kievsky, A, Lisanti, M, Mangano, G, Marcucci, L, Mariani, C, Messina, M, Monticone, E, Nucciotti, A, Orlandi, D, Pandolfi, F, Parlati, S, Perez De Los Heros, C, Pisanti, O, Polosa, A, Puiu, A, Rago, I, Raitses, Y, Rajteri, M, Rossi, N, Rozwadowska, K, Ruocco, A, Strid, C, Tan, A, Tully, C, Viviani, M, Zeitler, U, Zhao, F, Apponi, A., Betti, M. G., Borghesi, M., Canci, N., Cavoto, G., Chang, C., Chung, W., Cocco, A. G., Colijn, A. P., D'Ambrosio, N., de Groot, N., Faverzani, M., Ferella, A., Ferri, E., Ficcadenti, L., Gariazzo, S., Gatti, F., Gentile, C., Giachero, A., Hochberg, Y., Kahn, Y., Kievsky, A., Lisanti, M., Mangano, G., Marcucci, L. E., Mariani, C., Messina, M., Monticone, E., Nucciotti, A., Orlandi, D., Pandolfi, F., Parlati, S., P??rez de los Heros, C., Pisanti, O., Polosa, A. D., Puiu, A., Rago, I., Raitses, Y., Rajteri, M., Rossi, N., Rozwadowska, K., Ruocco, A., Strid, C. F., Tan, A., Tully, C. G., Viviani, M., Zeitler, U., and Zhao, F.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Mass spectrometers, Neutrino detectors, Particle detectors, Very low-energy charged particle detectors, Mass spectrometer, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Very low-energy charged particle detector, Neutrino detector, Semiconductors and Nanostructures, High Energy Physics, Particle detector, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The PTOLEMY transverse drift filter is a new concept to enable precision analysis of the energy spectrum of electrons near the tritium beta-decay endpoint. This paper details the implementation and optimization methods for successful operation of the filter. We present the first demonstrator that produces the required magnetic field properties with an iron return-flux magnet. Two methods for the setting of filter electrode voltages are detailed. The challenges of low-energy electron transport in cases of low field are discussed, such as the growth of the cyclotron radius with decreasing magnetic field, which puts a ceiling on filter performance relative to fixed filter dimensions. Additionally, low pitch angle trajectories are dominated by motion parallel to the magnetic field lines and introduce non-adiabatic conditions and curvature drift. To minimize these effects and maximize electron acceptance into the filter, we present a three-potential-well design to simultaneously drain the parallel and transverse kinetic energies throughout the length of the filter. These optimizations are shown, in simulation, to achieve low-energy electron transport from a 1 T iron core (or 3 T superconducting) starting field with initial kinetic energy of 18.6 keV drained to, 29 pages, 25 figures

Published
2022

26. Preliminary data revealing efficacy of Streptococcus salivarius K12 (SSK12) in Periodic Fever, Aphthous stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and cervical Adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome : a multicenter study from the AIDA Network PFAPA syndrome registry

Author

La Torre, F, Sota, J, Insalaco, A, Conti, G, Del Giudice, E, Lubrano, R, Breda, L, Maggio, Mc, Civino, A, Mastrorilli, V, Loconte, R, Natale, Mf, Celani, C, Romeo, M, Patroniti, S, Gentile, C, Vitale, A, Caggiano, V, Gaggiano, C, Diomeda, F, Cattalini, M, Lopalco, G, Emmi, G, Parronchi, P, Gentileschi, S, Cardinale, F, Aragona, E, Shahram, F, Marino, A, Barone, P, Moscheo, C, Ozkiziltas, B, Carubbi, F, Alahmed, O, Iezzi, Ludovica, Ogunjimi, B, Mauro, A, Tarsia, M, Mahmoud, Aaa, Mayrink Giardini HAM, Sfikakis, Pp, Laskari, K, Więsik-Szewczyk, E, Hernàndez-Rodriguez, J, Frediani, B, Gòmez-Caverzaschi, V, Tufan, A, Almaghlouth, Ia, Balistreri, A, Ragab, G, Fabiani, C, Cantarini, L, Rigante, Donato, AIDA Network, La Torre, Francesco, Sota, Jurgen, Insalaco, Antonella, Conti, Giovanni, Del Giudice, Emanuela, Lubrano, Riccardo, Breda, Luciana, Maggio, Maria Cristina, Civino, Adele, Mastrorilli, Violetta, Loconte, Roberta, Natale, Marco Francesco, Celani, Camilla, Romeo, Mery, Patroniti, Serena, Gentile, Cristina, Vitale, Antonio, Caggiano, Valeria, Gaggiano, Carla, Diomeda, Federico, Cattalini, Marco, Lopalco, Giuseppe, Emmi, Giacomo, Parronchi, Paola, Gentileschi, Stefano, Cardinale, Fabio, Aragona, Emma, Shahram, Farhad, Marino, Achille, Barone, Patrizia, Moscheo, Carla, Ozkiziltas, Burcugul, Carubbi, Francesco, Alahmed, Ohoud, Iezzi, Ludovica, Ogunjimi, Benson, Mauro, Angela, Tarsia, Maria, Mahmoud, Ayman Abdel-Monem Ahmed, Giardini, Henrique Ayres Mayrink, Sfikakis, Petros P, Laskari, Katerina, Więsik-Szewczyk, Ewa, Hernández-Rodríguez, José, Frediani, Bruno, Gómez-Caverzaschi, Verónica, Tufan, Abdurrahman, Almaghlouth, Ibrahim A, Balistreri, Alberto, Ragab, Gaafar, Fabiani, Claudia, Cantarini, Luca, and Rigante, Donato

Subjects
International Registry, PFAPA syndrome, Streptococcus salivarius K12, autoinflammatory disease, probiotic, prophylaxis, tonsillitis, Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale E Specialistica, Autoinflammation, General Medicine, Human medicine, PFAPA syndrome
Abstract

ObjectiveTo evaluate the potential role of Streptococcus salivarius K12 (SSK12) in controlling febrile flares in patients with Periodic Fever, Aphthous stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and cervical Adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome. Further aims were to assess the impact of SSK12 on (i) flare duration, (ii) variation in the degree of the highest body temperature during flares, (iii) steroid-sparing effect, and (iv) change of PFAPA accompanying symptoms before and after SSK12 introduction.Patients and methodsThe medical charts from 85 pediatric patients with PFAPA syndrome (49 males and 36 females) enrolled in the AIDA registry and treated with SSK12 for a median period of 6.00 ± 7.00 months in the period between September 2017 and May 2022 were examined. Children recruited had a median time of disease duration of 19.00 ± 28.00 months.ResultsThe number of febrile flares significantly decreased comparing the 12 months before [median (IQR), 13.00 (6.00)] and after SSK12 initiation [median (IQR), 5.50 (8.00), p < 0.001]. The duration of fever was significantly reduced from 4.00 (2.00) days to 2.00 (2.00) days [p < 0.001]. Similarly, the highest temperature in°C was found significantly lower in the last follow-up assessment [median (IQR), 39.00 (1.00)] compared to the period prior to SSK12 start [median (IQR), 40.00 (1.00), p < 0.001]. Steroid load (mg/year) of betamethasone (or any equivalent steroid) significantly decreased between 12 months before treatment with SSK12 [median (IQR), 5.00 (8.00) mg/year] and the last follow-up visit [median (IQR), 2.00 (4.00) mg/year, p < 0.001]. The number of patients experiencing symptoms including pharyngitis/tonsillitis (p < 0.001), oral aphthae (p < 0.001) and cervical lymphadenopathy (p < 0.001) significantly decreased following SSK12.ConclusionSSK12 prophylaxis given for at least 6.00 months was found to reduce febrile flares of PFAPA syndrome: in particular, it halved the total number per year of fever flares, shortened the duration of the single febrile episode, lowered body temperature by 1°C in the febrile flare, provided a steroid-sparing effect, and significantly reduced the accompanying symptoms related to the syndrome.

Published
2023

27. Plasma-surface interactions in TFTR DT experiments

Author

Owens, DK, Adler, H, Alling, P, Ancher, C, Anderson, H, Anderson, JL, Ashcroft, D, Barnes, Cris W, Barnes, G, Batha, S, Bell, MG, Bell, R, Bitter, M, Blanchard, W, Bretz, NL, Budny, R, Bush, CE, Camp, R, Caorlin, M, Cauffman, S, Chang, Z, Cheng, CZ, Collins, J, Coward, G, Darrow, DS, DeLooper, J, Duong, H, Dudek, L, Durst, R, Efthimion, PC, Ernst, D, Fisher, R, Fonck, RJ, Fredrickson, E, Fromm, N, Fu, GY, Furth, HP, Gentile, C, Gorelenkov, N, Grek, B, Grisham, LR, Hammett, G, Hanson, GR, Hawryluk, RJ, Heidbrink, W, Hermann, HW, Hill, KW, Hosea, J, Hsuan, H, Janos, A, Jassby, DL, Jobes, FC, Johnson, DW, Johnson, LC, Kamperschroer, J, Kugel, H, Lam, NT, LaMarche, PH, Loughlin, MJ, LeBlanc, B, Leonard, M, Levinton, FM, Machuzak, J, Mansfield, DK, Martin, A, Mazzucato, E, Majeski, R, Marmar, E, McChesney, J, McCormack, B, McCune, DC, McGuire, KM, McKee, G, Meade, DM, Medley, SS, Mikkelsen, DR, Mueller, D, Murakami, M, Nagy, A, Nazikian, R, Newman, R, Nishitani, T, Norris, M, O'Connor, T, Oldaker, M, Osakabe, M, Park, H, Park, W, Paul, SF, Pearson, G, Perry, E, Petrov, M, Phillips, CK, Pitcher, S, Raftopoulos, S, Ramsey, A, Rasmussen, DA, Redi, MH, Roberts, D, and Rogers, J

Subjects
Materials Engineering, Energy
Abstract

TFTR has begun its campaign to study deuterium-tritium fusion under reactor-like conditions. Variable amounts of deuterium and tritium neutral beam power have been used to maximize fusion power, study alpha heating, investigate alpha particle confinement, and search for alpha driven plasma instabilities. Additional areas of study include energy and particle transport and confinement, ICRF heating schemes for DT plasmas, tritium retention, and fusion in high βp plasmas. The majority of this work is done in the TFTR supershot confinement regime. To obtain supershots, extensive limiter conditioning using helium fueled ohmic discharges and lithium pellet injection into ohmic and neutral beam heated plasmas is performed, resulting in a low recycling limiter. The relationship between recycling and core plasma confinement has been studied by using helium, deuterium and high-Z gas puffs to simulate high recycling limiter conditions. These studies show that confinement in TFTR supershots is very sensitive to the influx of neutral particles at the plasma edge. © 1995, All rights reserved.

Published
1995

28. Forensic Textile Damage Analysis: Practical Issues and Methodological Perspectives

Author

Romeo M., Salerno M., Casella F., Colosimo F., Piscopo A., Gentile C., Feola A., Di Mizio G., Romeo, M., Salerno, M., Casella, F., Colosimo, F., Piscopo, A., Gentile, C., Feola, A., and Di Mizio, G.

Subjects
Microscopy, SEM/EDX, Textile damage, Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Abstract

Clothing damage analysis is an important tool for forensic investigations and, even it is a niche field, it is gaining interest. Moreover, the attention is shifting from evaluating just the “biological” traces found on the clothes to the modifications that clothes themselves undergo in the context of a specific traumatic dynamic. The Authors analyze a case of the investigation on a hole in the jacket worn by the victim when he was attacked, performed through optical microscope and morphological and elemental SEM/EDX analysis, to determine the origin of this texture damage to verify a witness story.

Published
2021

29. Confinement and heating of a deuterium-tritium plasma

Author

Hawryluk, RJ, Adler, H, Alling, P, Ancher, C, Anderson, H, Anderson, JL, Ashcroft, D, Barnes, Cris W, Barnes, G, Batha, S, Bell, MG, Bell, R, Bitter, M, Blanchard, W, Bretz, NL, Budny, R, Bush, CE, Camp, R, Caorlin, M, Cauffman, S, Chang, Z, Cheng, CZ, Collins, J, Coward, G, Darrow, DS, DeLooper, J, Duong, H, Dudek, L, Durst, R, Efthimion, PC, Ernst, D, Fisher, R, Fonck, RJ, Fredrickson, E, Fromm, N, Fu, GY, Furth, HP, Gentile, C, Gorelenkov, N, Grek, B, Grisham, LR, Hammett, G, Hanson, GR, Heidbrink, W, Herrmann, HW, Hill, KW, Hosea, J, Hsuan, H, Janos, A, Jassby, DL, Jobes, FC, Johnson, DW, Johnson, LC, Kamperschroer, J, Kugel, H, Lam, NT, LaMarche, PH, Loughlin, MJ, LeBlanc, B, Leonard, M, Levinton, FM, Machuzak, J, Mansfield, DK, Martin, A, Mazzucato, E, Majeski, R, Marmar, E, McChesney, J, McCormack, B, McCune, DC, McGuire, KM, McKee, G, Meade, DM, Medley, SS, Mikkelsen, DR, Mueller, D, Murakami, M, Nagy, A, Nazikian, R, Newman, R, Nishitani, T, Norris, M, O’Connor, T, Oldaker, M, Osakabe, M, Owens, DK, Park, H, Park, W, Paul, SF, Pearson, G, Perry, E, Petrov, M, Phillips, CK, Pitcher, S, Ramsey, A, Rasmussen, DA, Redi, MH, Roberts, D, Rogers, J, and Rossmassler, R

Subjects
Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics
Abstract

The Tomamak Fusion Test reactor has performed initial high-power experiments with the plasma fueled with nominally equal densities of deuterium and tritium. Compared to pure deuterium plasmas, the energy stored in the electron and ions increased by ∼20%. These increases indicate improvements in confinement associated with the use of tritium and possibly heating of electrons by α particles created by the D-T fusion reactions. © 1994 The American Physical Society.

Published
1994

30. Fusion power production from TFTR plasmas fueled with deuterium and tritium

Author

Strachan, JD, Adler, H, Alling, P, Ancher, C, Anderson, H, Anderson, JL, Ashcroft, D, Barnes, Cris W, Barnes, G, Batha, S, Bell, MG, Bell, R, Bitter, M, Blanchard, W, Bretz, NL, Budny, R, Bush, CE, Camp, R, Caorlin, M, Cauffman, S, Chang, Z, Cheng, CZ, Collins, J, Coward, G, Darrow, DS, DeLooper, J, Duong, H, Dudek, L, Durst, R, Efthimion, PC, Ernst, D, Fisher, R, Fonck, RJ, Fredrickson, E, Fromm, N, Fu, GY, Furth, HP, Gentile, C, Gorelenkov, N, Grek, B, Grisham, LR, Hammett, G, Hanson, GR, Hawryluk, RJ, Heidbrink, W, Herrmann, HW, Hill, KW, Hosea, J, Hsuan, H, Janos, A, Jassby, DL, Jobes, FC, Johnson, DW, Johnson, LC, Kamperschroer, J, Kugel, H, Lam, NT, LaMarche, PH, Loughlin, MJ, LeBlanc, B, Leonard, M, Levinton, FM, Machuzak, J, Mansfield, DK, Martin, A, Mazzucato, E, Majeski, R, Marmar, E, McChesney, J, McCormack, B, McCune, DC, McGuire, KM, McKee, G, Meade, DM, Medley, SS, Mikkelsen, DR, Mueller, D, Murakami, M, Nagy, A, Nazikian, R, Newman, R, Nishitani, T, Norris, M, O’Connor, T, Oldaker, M, Osakabe, M, Owens, DK, Park, H, Park, W, Paul, SF, Pearson, G, Perry, E, Petrov, M, Phillips, CK, Pitcher, S, Ramsey, AT, Rasmussen, DA, Redi, MH, Roberts, D, and Rogers, J

Subjects
Neurodegenerative, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics
Abstract

Peak fusion power production of 6.2±0.4 MW has been achieved in TFTR plasmas heated by deuterium and tritium neutral beams at a total power of 29.5 MW. These plasmas have an inferred central fusion alpha particle density of 1.2×1017 m-3 without the appearance of either disruptive magnetohydrodynamics events or detectable changes in Alfvén wave activity. The measured loss rate of energetic alpha particles agreed with the approximately 5% losses expected from alpha particles which are born on unconfined orbits. © 1994 The American Physical Society.

Published
1994

31. Preparations for deuterium–tritium experiments on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor*

Author

Hawryluk, RJ, Adler, H, Alling, P, Ancher, C, Anderson, H, Anderson, JL, Anderson, JW, Arunasalam, V, Ascione, G, Aschroft, D, Barnes, CW, Barnes, G, Batchelor, DB, Bateman, G, Batha, S, Baylor, LA, Beer, M, Bell, MG, Biglow, TS, Bitter, M, Blanchard, W, Bonoli, P, Bretz, NL, Brunkhorst, C, Budny, R, Burgess, T, Bush, H, Bush, CE, Camp, R, Caorlin, M, Carnevale, H, Chang, Z, Chen, L, Cheng, CZ, Chrzanowski, J, Collazo, I, Collins, J, Coward, G, Cowley, S, Cropper, M, Darrow, DS, Daugert, R, DeLooper, J, Duong, H, Dudek, L, Durst, R, Efthimion, PC, Ernst, D, Faunce, J, Fonck, RJ, Fredd, E, Fredrickson, E, Fromm, N, Fu, GY, Furth, HP, Garzotto, V, Gentile, C, Gettelfinger, G, Gilbert, J, Gioia, J, Goldfinger, RC, Golian, T, Gorelenkov, N, Gouge, MJ, Grek, B, Grisham, LR, Hammett, G, Hanson, GR, Heidbrink, W, Hermann, HW, Hill, KW, Hirshman, S, Hoffman, DJ, Hosea, J, Hulse, RA, Hsuan, H, Jaeger, EF, Janos, A, Jassby, DL, Jobes, FC, Johnson, DW, Johnson, LC, Kamperschroer, J, Kesner, J, Kugel, H, Kwon, S, Labik, G, Lam, NT, LaMarche, PH, Laughlin, MJ, Lawson, E, LeBlanc, B, Leonard, M, Levine, J, Levinton, FM, Loesser, D, Long, D, Machuzak, J, Mansfield, DE, and Marchlik, M

Subjects
Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Classical Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Abstract

The final hardware modifications for tritium operation have been completed for the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [Fusion Technol. 21, 1324 (1992)]. These activities include preparation of the tritium gas handling system, installation of additional neutron shielding, conversion of the toroidal field coil cooling system from water to a Fluorinert™ system, modification of the vacuum system to handle tritium, preparation, and testing of the neutral beam system for tritium operation and a final deuterium-deuterium (D-D) run to simulate expected deuterium-tritium (D-T) operation. Testing of the tritium system with low concentration tritium has successfully begun. Simulation of trace and high power D-T experiments using D-D have been performed. The physics objectives of D-T operation are production of ≈ 10 MW of fusion power, evaluation of confinement, and heating in deuteriumtritium plasmas, evaluation of α-particle heating of electrons, and collective effects driven by alpha particles and testing of diagnostics for confined a particles. Experimental results and theoretical modeling in support of the D-T experiments are reviewed. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.

Published
1994

32. Phase 3, Randomized, 20-Month Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Bimatoprost Implant in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension (ARTEMIS 2)

Author

Bacharach, J., Tatham, A., Ferguson, G., Belalcazar, S., Thieme, H., Goodkin, M. L., Chen, M. Y., Guo, Q., Liu, J., Robinson, M. R., Bejanian, M., Wirta, D. L., Alezzandrini, A., Bercovich, G., Deromedis, P., Furno Sola, F., Gentile, C., Lerner, S., Lupinacci, A., Zeolite, C., Birt, C., Crichton, A., Gagne, S., Giunta, M., Harasymowycz, P., Jinapriya, D., Nicolela, M., Nixon, D., Saurel, P., Yan, D., Yuen, D., Arango, S., Martinez, A., Parra Restrepo, J. C., Korda, V., Kadlecova, J., Svacinova, J., Khairy, H., El Ibiary, H., El Sanabary, Z., Bell, K., Greslechner, R., Koch, J., Lorenz, K., Oberacher-Velten, I., Schmickler, S., Schuart, C., Bandello, F., Cagini, C., Figus, M., Mastropasqua, L., Rossetti, L., Uva, M. G., Thayanithi, S., Wells, A., Husain, R., Koh, V., Lim, D., Tin, A., Gous, P., Venter, L., Kee, C., Kook, M., Park, K. -H., Eraslan, M., Kayikcioglu, O., Yildirim, N., Bourne, R., Choudhary, A., Cordeiro, F., Dubois, V., Kirwan, J., Lim, S., Martin, K., Nithy, A., Prabhu, A., Amir, A., Barnebey, H., Beck, A., Bergstrom, L., Borisuth, N., Branch, J. D., Briggs, J., Bylsma, S., Chang, P., Christie, W., Cotter, F., Depenbusch, M., Goldberg, D. F., Greiner, J., Gupta, S., Gutmark, R., Han, Y., Heersink, S., Kahook, M., Khouri, A., Kim, J., Kushnick, H., Lin, C., Luchs, J., Maharaj, A., Mansberger, S. L., Mares, F., Miller-Ellis, E., Modi, S., Paul, M., Pitha, I., Saltzmann, R., Sato, M., Savestsky, M., Segal, B., Segal, Z., Serle, J., Sherwood, M., Singh, I., Smith, S. E., Song, J., Sorenson, R., Tenkman, L., Tekwani, N., Tubbs, C., Tyson, F., Vizzeri, G., Vold, S., Vu, Q., Warren, K. S., and Wirta, D.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Intraocular pressure, genetic structures, Corneal Touch, Ocular hypertension, Glaucoma, Timolol, Young Adult, Double-Blind Method, Ophthalmology, Clinical endpoint, Humans, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Original Research Article, Antihypertensive Agents, Intraocular Pressure, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Drug Implants, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Bimatoprost, business.industry, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Female, Ocular Hypertension, sense organs, Implant, Ophthalmic Solutions, business, Glaucoma, Open-Angle, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objective To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy and safety of 10 and 15 µg bimatoprost implant in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT). Methods This randomized, 20-month, multicenter, masked, parallel-group, phase 3 trial enrolled 528 patients with OAG or OHT and an open iridocorneal angle inferiorly in the study eye. Study eyes were administered 10 or 15 µg bimatoprost implant on day 1, week 16, and week 32, or twice-daily topical timolol maleate 0.5%. Primary endpoints were IOP and IOP change from baseline through week 12. Safety measures included treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and corneal endothelial cell density (CECD). Results Both 10 and 15 µg bimatoprost implant met the primary endpoint of noninferiority to timolol in IOP lowering through 12 weeks. Mean IOP reductions from baseline ranged from 6.2–7.4, 6.5–7.8, and 6.1–6.7 mmHg through week 12 in the 10 µg implant, 15 µg implant, and timolol groups, respectively. IOP lowering was similar after the second and third implant administrations. Probabilities of requiring no IOP-lowering treatment for 1 year after the third administration were 77.5% (10 µg implant) and 79.0% (15 µg implant). The most common TEAE was conjunctival hyperemia, typically temporally associated with the administration procedure. Corneal TEAEs of interest (primarily corneal endothelial cell loss, corneal edema, and corneal touch) were more frequent with the 15 than the 10 µg implant and generally were reported after repeated administrations. Loss in mean CECD from baseline to month 20 was ~ 5% in 10 µg implant-treated eyes and ~ 1% in topical timolol-treated eyes. Visual field progression (change in the mean deviation from baseline) was reduced in the 10 µg implant group compared with the timolol group. Conclusions The results corroborated the previous phase 3 study of the bimatoprost implant. The bimatoprost implant met the primary endpoint and effectively lowered IOP. The majority of patients required no additional treatment for 12 months after the third administration. The benefit-risk assessment favored the 10 over the 15 µg implant. Studies evaluating other administration regimens with reduced risk of corneal events are ongoing. The bimatoprost implant has the potential to improve adherence and reduce treatment burden in glaucoma. Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT02250651. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40265-021-01624-9.

Published
2021

33. Mandibular neoformation in a young patient

Author

Santoro R., Gentile C., Pagliuca F., Ferraraccio F., Santoro, R., Gentile, C., Pagliuca, F., and Ferraraccio, F.

Subjects
Peripheral giant-cell granuloma, Jaw, Oral pathology, Surgery, Swelling
Published
2022

37. List of Contributors

Author

Alvarenga, L.M., primary, Antunes, F., additional, Basso, A.M.M., additional, Billiald, P., additional, Callese, T., additional, Carvalho, K.A.T., additional, Castiglione, F., additional, Castilho, L.R., additional, Corrêa-Velloso, J.C., additional, Dalagostin, O., additional, de Cássia Oliveira Paiva, N., additional, Degrave, W.M.S., additional, Dellagostin, O.A., additional, de Medeiros, R.V.B., additional, de Moura, J., additional, Dias-Souza, M.V., additional, Edgar, L., additional, Felicori, L., additional, Felix, S.R., additional, Fendrich, R., additional, Gentile, C., additional, Gomes, A.Q., additional, Goulart, V.A.M., additional, Grossi-de-Sa, M.F., additional, Guedes, D., additional, Igel, D., additional, Jorge, S., additional, Katari, R., additional, Lima, H., additional, Marasco, D., additional, Marinho, H.S., additional, McNamara, K., additional, Mendes, T., additional, Mendonça-Lima, L., additional, Mondal, S., additional, Mor, A., additional, Nakamura, R., additional, Nardi Drummond, R.M., additional, Nascimento, I.C., additional, Ndoja, S., additional, Nery, A.A., additional, Nolasco, S., additional, Orlando, G., additional, Pandey, A., additional, Parreira, R.C., additional, Pelegrini, P.B., additional, Perottoni, C., additional, Pinto, M.C.X., additional, Prado, G.S., additional, Real, C., additional, Reddy, I.J., additional, Resende, R.R., additional, Sanson, R.K., additional, Santos, V.L., additional, Scheuer, T., additional, Severo, M.G., additional, Soares, H., additional, Soccol, C.R., additional, Souza, L.T., additional, Tamburrini, R., additional, Thomaz-Soccol, V., additional, Tieri, P., additional, Tonelli, F.C.P., additional, Tonelli, F.M.P., additional, Ulrich, H., additional, Vandenberghe, L.P.S., additional, Vitola, F., additional, Zambon, J.P., additional, and Zeferino, A.S., additional

Published
2017
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42. BOWEL PREPARATION FOR SMALL BOWEL CAPSULE ENDOSCOPY: EFFICACY OF STANDARD REGIMEN WITH LOW VOLUME (2L) PEG VERSUS VERY LOW VOLUME (1L) PEG AND ASCORBATE

Author

Cavallaro, F., additional, Eidler, P., additional, Tontini, G.E., additional, Caccia, R., additional, Gentile, C., additional, Maregatti, M., additional, Nandi, N., additional, Piagnani, A., additional, Rimondi, A., additional, Scaramella, L., additional, Vecchi, M., additional, and Elli, L., additional

Published
2022
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46. Biofabrication of advancedin vitro3D models to study ischaemic and doxorubicin-induced myocardial damage

Author

Sharma, P, Liu Chung Ming, C, Wang, X, Bienvenu, LA, Beck, D, Figtree, G, Boyle, A, and Gentile, C

Subjects
Doxorubicin, Myocardium, Myocardial Infarction, Humans, 0903 Biomedical Engineering, 1004 Medical Biotechnology, 1099 Other Technology, Heart, Myocytes, Cardiac, RNA, Messenger, Cardiotoxicity
Abstract

Current preclinicalin vitroandin vivomodels of cardiac injury typical of myocardial infarction (MI, or heart attack) and drug induced cardiotoxicity mimic only a few aspects of these complex scenarios. This leads to a poor translation of findings from the bench to the bedside. In this study, we biofabricated for the first time advancedin vitromodels of MI and doxorubicin (DOX) induced injury by exposing cardiac spheroids (CSs) to pathophysiological changes in oxygen (O2) levels or DOX treatment. Then, contractile function and cell death was analyzed in CSs in control verses I/R and DOX CSs. For a deeper dig into cell death analysis, 3D rendering analyses and mRNA level changes of cardiac damage-related genes were compared in control verses I/R and DOX CSs. Overall,in vitroCSs recapitulated major features typical of thein vivoMI and drug induced cardiac damages, such as adapting intracellular alterations to O2concentration changes and incubation with cardiotoxic drug, mimicking the contraction frequency and fractional shortening and changes in mRNA expression levels for genes regulating sarcomere structure, calcium transport, cell cycle, cardiac remodelling and signal transduction. Taken together, our study supports the use of I/R and DOX CSs as advancedin vitromodels to study MI and DOX-induced cardiac damge by recapitulating their complexin vivoscenario.

Published
2022

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