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Zytiga (abiraterone acetate, AA) is known to exhibit very low bioavailability and a significant positive food effect in men. The unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties are attributed to the inadequate and variable dissolution of the compound. Using a continuous flow precipitation technology, a novel AA formulation has been developed with improved solubility and dissolution characteristics. The current study was performed to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and safety of this novel formulation in healthy volunteers. The study was conducted in 11 healthy men aged 47–57 years. All subjects received 3 consecutive single doses of the novel formulation of AA (100 and 200 mg in the fasted state and 200 mg in the fed state). Data were compared with pharmacokinetic and safety data reported for 1000 mg Zytiga, the marketed drug. The novel formulation of AA allows rapid absorption of the compound with t max values within 1 hour. Based on AUC values, a ~250 mg dose of the novel formulation is predicted to give the same exposure as 1000 mg Zytiga in the fasted state. The significant positive food effect was also eliminated; actually, a slight, but statistically significant negative food effect was observed. Variability of exposure was significantly reduced when compared to Zytiga. AA administered in the novel formulation was well tolerated with no IMP-related safety AEs reported. The novel formulation might allow a 75% dose reduction with significant reduction of inter-individual variability. The negative food effect observed requires further investigations; however, elimination of the significant positive food effect could be adequate to negate the restriction of a food label.

Particle size reduction of drug crystals in the presence of surfactants (often called "top-down" production methods) is a standard approach used in the pharmaceutical industry to improve bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Based on the mathematical model used to predict the fraction dose absorbed this formulation approach is successful when dissolution rate is the main rate limiting factor of oral absorption. In case compound solubility is also a major factor this approach might not result in an adequate improvement in bioavailability. Abiraterone acetate is poorly water soluble which is believed to be responsible for its very low bioavailability in the fasted state and its significant positive food effect. In this work, we have successfully used in vitro dissolution, solubility and permeability measurements in biorelevant media to describe the dissolution characteristics of different abiraterone acetate formulations. Mathematical modeling of fraction dose absorbed indicated that reducing the particle size of the drug cannot be expected to result in significant improvement in bioavailability in the fasted state. In the fed state, the same formulation approach can result in a nearly complete absorption of the dose; thereby, further increasing the food effect. Using a "bottom-up" formulation method we improved both the dissolution rate and the apparent solubility of the compound. In beagle dog studies, this resulted in a ≫>10-fold increase in bioavailability in the fasted state when compared to the marketed drug and the elimination of the food effect. Calculated values of fraction dose absorbed were in agreement with the observed relative bioavailability values in beagle dogs.

Novel hydrogels that shrink in response to light irradiation and temperature change have been developed. Since any technical application of polymer gels critically depends on the response rate, therefore porous hydrogels have been prepared in order to accelerate the response reaction. Poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) gels were functionalized with photo-responsive spirobenzopyran and solvent/nonsolvent mixtures were used as swelling agent to introduce network heterogeneities during the gelation process. Both photo- and thermo-responsive properties of gels have been investigated and compared. The time dependence of bending deformation due to the asymmetric light irradiation as well as kinetics of shrinking has been measured. It was found that the fastest photo- and thermo-responsive shrinking was observed for loosely crosslinked porous hydrogels. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the highly cross-linked cylindrical gel rod with macroporous structure showed rapid bending deformation due to the asymmetric light irradiation.

e17036Background: Zytiga (Abiraterone acetate, AA) is known to exhibit very low bioavailability and a significant positive food effect. This is attributed to the inadequate and variable dissolution...

The present paper describes the preparation and characterization of novel biodegradable nanoparticles based on self-assembly of poly-gamma-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) and chitosan (CH). The nanosystems were stable in aqueous media at low pH conditions. Solubility of the systems was determined by turbidity measurements. Sur- face charge and mobility were measured electrophoretically. The particle size and the size distribution of the polyelec- trolyte complexes were identified by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the size and size distribution of the nanosystems depends on the concentrations of γ-PGA and CH solutions and their ratio as well as on the pH of the mixture and the order of addition. The diameter of individual particles was in the range of 20-285 nm measured by TEM, and the average hydrodynamic diam- eters were between 150 and 330 nm. These biodegradable, self-assembling stable nanocomplexes might be useful for several biomedical applications.

The combination of polymers with magnetic particles displays novel and often enhanced properties compared to the traditional materials. They can open up possibilities for new technological applications. The magnetic field sensitive elastomers represent a new type of composites consisting of small particles, usually from nanometer range to micron range, dispersed in a highly elastic polymeric matrix. In this paper, we show that in the presence of built-in magnetic particles it is possible to tune the elastic modulus by an external magnetic field. We propose a phenomenological equation to describe the effect of the external magnetic field on the elastic modulus. We demonstrate the engineering potential of new materials on the examples of two devices. The first one is a new type of seals fundamentally different from those used before. In the simplest case, the sealing assembly includes a magnetoelastic strip and a permanent magnet. They attract due to the magnetic forces. This ensures that due to high elasticity of the proposed composites and good adhesion properties, the strip of magnetoelastic will adopt the shape of the surface to be sealed, this fact leading to an excellent sealing. Another straightforward application of the magnetic composites is based on their magnetic field dependent elastic modulus. Namely, we demonstrate in this paper the possible application of these materials as adjustable vibration dampers. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The new generation of magnetic elastomers represents a new type of composites, consisting of small (mainly nano and micron-sized) magnetic particles dispersed in a highly elastic polymeric matrix. The combination of polymers with magnetic materials displays novel and often enhanced properties. Highly elastic magnetic composites are quite new and understanding of the behavior of these materials depending on the composition, external conditions, and the synthesis processes is still missing. Thus, the aim of this work is the study of fundamental principles governing the preparation of these materials as well as their structure and elastic properties. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A novel polymer gel exhibiting simultaneous temperature and magnetic field sensitivity has been prepared and studied. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) and magnetic nanoparticles (magnetite, Fe 3 O 4 ) loaded PNIPA gel beads with mm size and monolith gels with cm size were prepared. The dependence of swelling degree on the temperature has been studied. The effects of cross-linking density and the presence of magnetic nanoparticles on the equilibrium swelling degree as well as on the collapse transition have been investigated. Swelling kinetic measurements were also made. By comparing the equilibrium swelling properties of PNIPA and magnetite loaded PNIPA gels it was found that the built in magnetic nanoparticles do not modify the temperature sensitivity of these gels. Within the experimental accuracy the temperature of the collapse transition was not sensitive to the presence of magnetic particles. We have compared the swelling behaviour of mm size gel beads to the cm size monolith gels in order to study the influence of surface skin layer on the swelling equilibrium. It was established that the extent of surface skin formation was decreased by the presence of magnetic particles.

Novel composite-gel membranes capable of regulating permeability in response to external temperature change are being explored. These membranes containing ordered nanochannels can act as “on−off” switches or “permeability valves”. The channels are designed to contain an ordered array of core−shell type magnetic polystyrene latex particles that can change their size in response to external stimuli. Expansion and contraction of the thin shell of magnetic latex particles affect the permeation pattern from the membrane “on” state to “off” state.

The main purpose of the present work was to establish the effect of external magnetic field on the elastic modulus. We have prepared poly(dimethyl siloxane) networks loaded with randomly distributed carbonyl iron particles. It was found, that the elastic modulus of magnetoelasts could be increased by uniform magnetic field. In order to enhance the magnetic reinforcement effect, we have prepared anisotropic samples under uniform magnetic field. This procedure results in formation of chain-like structures from the carbonyl iron particles aligned parallel to the field direction. The effect of particle concentration, the intensity of uniform magnetic field as well as the spatial distribution of particles on the magnetic field induced excess modulus were studied. It was established that the uniaxial field structured composites exhibit larger excess modulus compared to the random particle dispersions. The most significant effect was found if the applied field is parallel to the particle alignment and to the mechanical stress. A phenomenological approach was proposed to describe the dependence of elastic modulus on the magnetic induction. The magnetic field sensitive soft materials with tuneable elastic properties may find usage in elastomer bearings and vibration absorber.

The new generation of magnetic elastomers represents a new type of composites, consisting of small (mainly nano- and micron-sized) magnetic particles dispersed in a high elastic polymeric matrix. The combination of polymers with magnetic materials displays novel and often enhanced properties. The magnetic particles couple the shape of the elastomer to the external magnetic field. All of the forces acting on the particles are transmitted directly to the polymer chains resulting in either locomotion or deformation. Shape distortion occurs instantaneously and disappears abruptly when external field is applied or removed, respectively. Combination of magnetic and elastic properties leads to a number of striking phenomena that are exhibited in response to impressed magnetic field. Giant deformational effect, tuneable elastic modulus, non-homogeneous deformation and quick response to magnetic field open new opportunities for using such materials for various applications. Elastic materials with tailor-made anisotropy can also be prepared under external field. The anisotropy manifests itself in both direction dependent elastic modulus as well as direction dependent swelling.

The combination of polymers with nanomaterials displays novel and often enhanced properties compared to the traditional materials. They can open up possibilities for new technological applications. The electric- and magnetic- field-sensitive elastomers represent a new type of composites consisting of small particles, usually from nanometer range to micron range, dispersed in high elastic polymeric matrix. Coupling of electric and/or magnetic fields with elastic properties leads to a number of striking phenomena that are exhibited in response to impressed external fields. The ability of such materials to change their size and mechanical properties in a reversible manner has inherent interest, if for no other reason than the uniqueness having giant elastic response to polarization. The giant deformational effect, high elasticity, anisotropic properties, and quick response to either electric or magnetic fields open new opportunities for using such materials for various applications. Since electric and magnetic fields are convenient stimuli from the point of signal control, it is of great importance to develop and study such flexible, smart polymeric systems.

Several attempts have been made recently in order to develop smart windows, which can moderate light and heat intensities. Thermotropic gels have met with growing interest because of their advanced properties. Based upon phase transitions of polymer gels, a novel thermally adjustable window, which includes a gel layer, has been developed in our laboratory. The so-called gel-glass becomes opaque when the temperature exceeds a certain value and goes back to its original transparent state when it is cooled below the critical value again. Intelligent gel-glasses made of these materials can moderate the amount of sunlight and radiated heat. The optical properties of the gel layer are also modified by the Joule heat of audio frequency AC current. Two types of gel-glasses have been developed and investigated. Phase transition temperature of a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) based gel was adjusted by copolymerization and by changing of the solvent composition. The cloud point of a poly(methyl vinyl ether) - water system in a PVA gel was varied by modifying the composition of the swelling agent. In the case of electrically adjustable thermotropic windows, optical properties, energy consumption and temperature changes during the switching process were studied.

Temperature-sensitive filled poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) gel beads with diameters in the range of millimeters were prepared using the alginate technique. The polymerization and cross-linking reaction of NIPAAm in the presence of inorganic filling particles was performed in spherical networks of Ca-alginate forming interpenetrating networks (IPN). Thermo-sensitive gel beads could be obtained by washing these IPN with EDTA solution. The PNIPAAm gel beads were analyzed by optical methods to observe there swollen diameter in dependence on the temperature. The diameters of the swollen gel beads were in the range of 0.1 - 2 mm. The influence of the monomer to cross-linker ratio (MCR) and the filling materials (ferrofluid, BaTiO 3 , TiO 2 , and Ni,) were studied. The phase transition temperature (T pt ) was only weakly influenced by the MCR and the filling material remaining at around 34 °C.

Measurements are reported of the swelling behaviour at 20 °C of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) gels in aqueous solutions of two weak aromatic acids, phenol and resorcinol. For solute concentrations below 45 mmol/l the uptake of these solutions is similar. Due to selective solvation phenol exhibits an excess equilibrium concentration inside the gel of 5% over that in the surrounding bath, while for resorcinol, the excess is found to be 12%. At 50 mmol/l solute concentration, both systems display a volume transition accompanied by expulsion of the solvent. The solubility limits in water of these aromatic compounds, which are significantly different from each other (870 mmol/l and 9080 mmol/l respectively), are far above this critical concentration. In the collapsed condition the expelled liquid spreads on the surface of the phenol treated gel, while an ordered arrangement of separate droplets is generated in the case of resorcinol. In the latter case an acute contact angle was observed. It is also shown by acid-base titration that the PNIPA/water system may exhibit a slight ion exchanging character.

The combination of polymers with nanomaterials displays novel and often enhanced properties compared to the traditional materials. They can open up possibilities for new technological applications. The magnetic polymer gel represents a new type of composites consisting of small magnetic particles, usually from the nanometer range to the micron range, dispersed in a highly elastic polymeric gel matrix. Combination of magnetic and elastic properties leads to a number of striking phenomena that are exhibited in response to impressed magnetic fields. Giant deformational effects, high elasticity, anisotropic properties, temporary reinforcement and quick response to magnetic field open new opportunities for using such materials for various applications.

The oral bioavailability of Sirolimus is limited by poor dissolution of the compound in the gastrointestinal tract resulting in a low bioavailability and large inter-individual differences in blood levels. Several different formulation approaches were applied to overcome these disadvantageous pharmacokinetic properties including the marketed oral solution and a tablet form containing wet milled nanocrystals. These approaches deliver improved pharmacokinetics, yet, they share the characteristics of complex production method and composition. We have developed a nanostructured Sirolimus formulation prepared by the controlled continuous flow precipitation of the compound from its solution in the presence of stabilizers. We have shown that contrary to the batch production the process could be easily intensified and scaled up; apparently the uniformity of the precipitation is heavily dependent on the production parameters, most likely the mixing of the solvent and antisolvent. We compared the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of the nanostructured formula with the marketed nanoformula. We found that our method produces particles in the size range of less than 100nm. The solid form redispersed instantaneously in water and in biorelevant media. Both the solid form and the redispersed colloid solution showed excellent stability even in accelerated test conditions. The oral administration of the nanostructured formula resulted in faster absorption, higher exposure and higher trough concentrations when compared to the marked form. These advantageous properties could allow the development of solid oral Sirolimus formulae with lower strength and gel based topical delivery systems.

Polymer gels are unique smart materials in the sense that they can respond to many different stimuli. In this paper we report how poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (abbreviated as PNIPA) and other polymer hydrogels can be used to construct an intelligent gel-glass which can moderate the amount of light and radiated heat. This environmental sensitive glass, which is a smart hydrogel layer placed between two glass or plastic sheets, becomes opaque when the temperature exceeds a critical value. It becomes transparent again if it is cooled down. The adaptive properties of gel-glasses make them a promising materials to protect from strong sunlight and heat radiation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The effect of cross-link density on the structure of Poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel particles prepared by emulsion polymerization was investigated by static and dynamic light scattering meas...

A new driving mechanism was developed to induce deformation of neutral polymer gels in a non-conductive medium. The main idea was to incorporate finely distributed colloidal particles into a swollen network responding to electric field. Since the particles cannot leave the gel matrix, so that all of the forces acting on the particles are directly transmitted to the polymer chains, resulting in either the locomotion or the deformation of the gel. Structural formation of TiO2 particles dispersed in silicon oil and bending deformation of weakly crosslinked poly(dimethyl siloxane) gels containing finely distributed TiO2 particles have been studied. Under electric field these gels undergo a significant and quick bending. We have found that undulation of the electric field-sensitive gel can be realised by a modulated field between several pairs of parallel copper electrode plates. These findings may provide a new principle of building soft electromechanical actuators.

In this paper we summarise the effects induced by electric field on the motility and the shape of polymer gels. Then it is followed by a description of a new driving mechanism to induce deformation of a neutral polymer gels in a non-conducting medium. The main idea is to incorporate such finely distributed colloidal particles into a swollen network which responds to electric field. Since the particles cannot leave the gel matrix, all the forces acting on the particles are transmitted directly to the polymer chains resulting in either locomotion or deformation of the gel. Bending of weakly cross-linked poly(dimethyl siloxane) gels containing finely distributed electric field sensitive particles has been studied in silicon oil. Under an external electric field these gels underwent significant and quick bending. A theoretical approach has been developed and compared with the experimental results.

A novel polymer gel characterized by temperature and magnetic field sensitivity has been prepared. By incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles into poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels, we are able to target and separate the gel beads by a magnetic field. It was established that the presence of magnetic material does not modify the temperature sensitivity of these gels.

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel particles prepared by emulsion polymerisation in the presence of anionic surfactant have been investigated in different media in the swollen and collapsed state by static and dynamic light scattering measurements. The microgel latex was found to be highly monodisperse. The particle scattering function fits well to the theoretical function of a sphere. The hydrodynamic diameter of the particles is significantly higher than the diameter calculated from the measured radius of gyration for a sphere of constant density. The discrepancy was interpreted by a core/shell structure of the microgel particles. If the particles are in the collapsed state the two kinds of diameter coincide with each other, indicating that the microgel particles are compact spheres. In the globular state the gel still has 39% (w/w) water content. The particles bear a small surface charge resulting in a long-range electrostatic interaction between the particles in an aqueous environment. It was observed for the first time that at a sufficiently low ionic strength the aqueous microgel particle system undergoes an ordered/disordered phase transition.

The oral bioavailability of Aprepitant is limited by poor dissolution of the compound in the gastrointestinal tract which is more prominent in the fasted state resulting in significant positive food effect. Due to the low aqueous solubility of the active substance the product development has been focused on decreasing the particle size of the active compound down to the submicron range in order to overcome this disadvantageous pharmacokinetic property. The marketed drug consisting of wet-milled nanocrystals exhibits significantly higher oral bioavailability in the fasted state and reduced food effect when compared to the unformulated compound. We have developed a novel process for the production of a nanostructured Aprepitant formulation in which the generation of the nanosized particles takes place at molecular level. The process relies on controlled continuous flow precipitation of the compound from its solution in the presence of stabilizers. The precise control of the production parameters (mixing geometry, flow rates, temperature, etc.) allows to tailor the physicochemical properties and biological performance of the active compound. We have prepared a novel nanostructured Aprepitant formulation using this method and compared its physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties with the reference compound and the marketed nanoformula. We found that our method produces a stable amorphous solid form comprising novel nanostructured particles having a particle size of less than 100 nm with instantaneous redispersibility characteristics and improved apparent solubility and permeability. In vivo beagle dog pharmacokinetic studies showed that the novel formula exhibited greatly improved pharmacokinetic characteristics when compared to the reference compound, while serum blood concentrations for the nanostructured formula and the wet-milled formula were similar. The marked food effect observed for the reference compound was practically eliminated by our formulation method. These results indicate that the novel continuous flow precipitation technology is a suitable tool to prepare nanostructured formulations with similar, or even superior in vitro and in vivo characteristics when compared to the industrial standard milling technology.

Magnetic field sensitive gels (ferrogels or magnetoelastic gels) are three-dimensional cross-linked networks of flexible polymers swollen by ferrofluids or magnetic fluids. We have studied the response of magnetic field sensitive polymer gels to an external magnetic field. Two phenomena were investigated in detail: deformation and swelling under a uniform magnetic field. Gel spheres containing magnetic particles distributed randomly in the gel matrix as well as pearl chain aggregates chemically fixed in the network were exposed to a static homogeneous magnetic field. It was found that the spatial distribution of the magnetic particles plays an essential role in the magnetodeformation effect. A weak effect was observed for gels containing randomly distributed magnetic particles. In response to the magnetic field induction, these gel spheres elongated along the field lines and were compressed in the perpendicular direction. No magnetodeformation was observed for gels containing aligned particles in the polymer matrix. The influence of an external magnetic field on the equilibrium swelling degree was also the subject of this study. Using thermodynamic arguments it was shown that a uniform external field may result in deswelling of the ferrogels at high field intensities.

Performance of biological wastewater treatment depends to a large extent on mechanical strength, size distribution, permeability and other textural properties of the activated sludge flocs. A novel approach was developed in applying synthetic polymer materials to organize floc architecture instead of spontaneously formed activated sludge floc. Developed microcarrier polymer materials were used in our experiments to mitigate technological goals. Preliminary results suggest that the PVA–PAA (polyvinyl alcohol–polyacrylic acid copolymer) is a feasible choice for skeleton material replacing “traditional” activated sludge floc. Use of PVA–PAA hydrogel material as microreactors and methods for biofilm formation of wastewater bacteria on the carrier material are described. Laboratory scale experimental results with microscopic size bioreactors and their potential application for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification are presented.

Monodisperse poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA) nanogel latexes with temperature and magnetic field sensitivity were prepared and characterized. The phase transition of the latex was characterized by dynamic light scattering. Electrokinetic measurements revealed that the particles have a negative surface charge, which depends on the pH of the swelling medium. Incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles facilitates the separation of the gel beads and their application in targeted delivery in an external magnetic field. The incorporation of magnetic material does not modify the temperature sensitivity of the PNIPA latex.

Novel on-chip fluid control strategies, on-demand formation of arbitrary microchannels and parallel control of multiple microvalves were successfully demonstrated by means of computer-controlled micropatterned light irradiation of a photoresponsive hydrogel sheet.

The combination of polymers with nano- or microsized solid materials displays novel and often enhancedproperties compared to the traditional materials. They can open up possibilities for new technologicalapplications. Materials whose physical properties can be varied by application of magnetic fields belongto a specific class of smart materials. The broad family of magnetic field-controllable soft materialsincludes ferrofluids, magneto-rheological fluids, magnetic gels, and magnetic elastomers. The magneticgels and elastomers (magnetoelasts) represent a new type of composite and consist of small magneticparticles, usually in the nanometer to micron range, dispersed in a highly elastic polymeric matrix.The magnetic particles can be incorporated into the elastic body either randomly or in ordered structure.If a uniform magnetic field is applied to the reactive mixture during the cross-linking process, particlechains form and become locked into the elastomer. The resulting composites exhibit anisotropic properties.

The kinetics of swelling of spherical poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS) composite networks in cyclohexane has been studied. The PDMS composite gels contain magnetite and iron particles built in the network either in randomly distributed form or in chain-like structure. The composite gel becomes anisotropic in the terms of both, mechanical and swelling properties. As a consequence the swelling kinetics can be characterized by direction dependent relaxation time. The swelling kinetics of these samples has been compared to that of pure PDMS gels. It was found that Li-Tanaka theory can be applied to describe the swelling kinetics of PDMS network.

Electric-, and magnetic field sensitive polymer gels are soft smart materials whose elastic and thermodynamic properties are strong function of the field strength imposed upon them. Since electric and magnetic fields are convenient stimuli from the point of signal control, therefore it is of great importance to develop and study such gel systems. In the first part of this paper we introduce a new concept to classify responsive polymer gels. Then it is followed by the discussion of a new driving mechanism which was discovered to induce deformation and movement of neutral polymer gels in non-conducting medium. Bending of weakly crosslinked poly(dimethyl siloxane) gels containing finely distributed TiO 2 particles as well as colloidal iron particles has been studied in silicon oil. Under electric field these gels undergo a significant and quick deformation.

We have developed a new driving mechanism to induce deformation and movemenf of a neutral polymer gels in non-conducting medium. The main idea was to incorporate such finely distributed colloidal particles into a swollen network, which response to electric field. Since the particles can not leave the gel matrix, so that all of the forces acting on the particles are transmitted directly to the polymer chains resulting in either locomotion or deformation of the gel. Bending of weakly cross-linked poly(dimethylsiloxane) gels containing finally distributed electric field sensitive particles has been studied in silicon oil. Under an external electric field these gels underwent significant and quick bending. Scaling down the geometry may provide a new principle to build soft microelectromechanical actuators.

Experimental evidence of DC electric field-induced Quincke rotation of polymer composites has been shown for the first time. We have found that angular velocity of disk shaped hematite loaded gelatin composites immersed in linseed oil scales with the square of the uniform electric field intensity.

Magnetic field sensitive gels (ferrogels or magnetoelasts) are three-dimensional cross-linked networks of flexible polymers swollen by ferrofluids or magnetic fluids. The influence of external magnetic field on the equilibrium swelling degree is the subject of this study. Using thermodynamic arguments it is shown that uniform external field may result in deswelling of the ferrogels at high field intensities.

The main purpose of the present study is to demonstrate the electric field controlled flow behaviour of electrorheological (ER) fluid. We have investigated the relation between the electric field and the change in the viscosity of electrorheological fluids. Different kinds of suspensions are used to search for the proper combination ER fluid for applying in a motor mount. A rotational viscometer is used to get how the viscosity depends on temperature and a special device to measure the effect of electric fields up to 1.8 kVmm -1 .