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3. Young People's Pre-Conceptions of the Interactions between Climate Change and Soils -- Looking at a Physical Geography Topic from a Climate Change Education Perspective

Author

Deisenrieder, Veronika, Müller, Svenja, Knoflach, Bettina, Oberrauch, Anna, Geitner, Clemens, Keller, Lars, and Stötter, Johann

Abstract

The interactions of climate change and soils (ICCS) are scarcely examined in Climate Change Education (CCE). Analyzing the pre-conceptions of secondary school students (n = 421) reveals a high number of missing answers (48.2%), while residual participants responded with either medium (33.3%) or low (11.5%) complexity levels. The natural and the human sphere are scarcely interconnected and mentioned positive feedback effects indicate students' spatial distance to the ICCS that occur in Alpine regions. In order to bridge these gaps with more elaborated and regional concepts, a careful consideration of ICCS content is urgently recommended for CCE.

Published
2022
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16. Holocene landscape evolution, palaeoclimate and human impact in the Fotsch Valley, Stubai Alps, Austria: Interrogating biomarkers, stable isotopes, macrofossils and palynological indicators from a subalpine mire archive

Author

Lerch, Marcel, primary, Stutzriemer, Marika, additional, Bliedtner, Marcel, additional, Bromm, Tobias, additional, Sehrt, Melissa, additional, Feistmantl, Nina, additional, Dietre, Benjamin, additional, Kofler, Werner, additional, Boysen, Morena, additional, Salazar, Gary, additional, Szidat, Sönke, additional, Geitner, Clemens, additional, Nicolas Haas, Jean, additional, Schäfer, Dieter, additional, Glaser, Bruno, additional, and Zech, Michael, additional

Published
2023
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18. Microbial perspective of inhibited carbon turnover in Tangel humus of the Northern Limestone Alps.

Author

Rzehak, Theresa, Praeg, Nadine, Zink, Harald, Simon, Alois, Geitner, Clemens, and Illmer, Paul

Subjects
HUMUS, HUMIFICATION, SUBALPINE zone, LIMESTONE, DEFICIENCY diseases, BIOMARKERS, FUNGAL communities
Abstract

Tangel humus primarily occurs in montane and subalpine zones of the calcareous Alps that exhibit low temperatures and high precipitation sums. This humus form is characterized by inhibited carbon turnover and accumulated organic matter, leading to the typical thick organic layers. However, the reason for this accumulation of organic matter is still unclear, and knowledge about the microbial community within Tangel humus is lacking. Therefore, we investigated the prokaryotic and fungal communities along with the physical and chemical properties within a depth gradient (0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40, 40–50 cm) of a Tangel humus located in the Northern Limestone Alps. We hypothesized that humus properties and microbial activity, biomass, and diversity differ along the depth gradient and that microbial key players refer to certain humus depths. Our results give the first comprehensive information about microbiota within the Tangel humus and establish a microbial zonation of the humus. Microbial activity, biomass, as well as microbial alpha diversity significantly decreased with increasing depths. We identified microbial biomarkers for both, the top and the deepest depth, indicating different, microbial habitats. The microbial characterization together with the established nutrient deficiencies in the deeper depths might explain reduced C‐turnover and Tangel humus formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. The role of the soil seed bank for the restoration potential of eroded alpine grassland.

Author

Wellstein, Camilla, Tonin, Rita, Peratoner, Giovanni, Löbmann, Michael T., Zwack, Bastian, Della Rosa, Lisa, Mayr, Andreas, Geitner, Clemens, and Zerbe, Stefan

Subjects
SOIL seed banks, GRASSLANDS, RESTORATION ecology, PLATEAUS, MOUNTAIN meadows, NATURE conservation
Abstract

The UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration 2021–2030 has launched nature conservation, environmental protection, and ecosystem services' restoration on the global environmental policy agenda. However, particularly high mountain habitats being subject to erosion are up to now hardly restorable. Erosion with associated loss of vegetation, soil, and its fertility, is one of the most urgent environmental problems throughout the world. Consequently, we analyzed the soil seed bank of calcareous high‐mountain grassland in the European Alps to reveal the natural regeneration potential after shallow erosion events. We applied a chronosequence approach taking recently eroded grassland areas (<5 years) as well as areas with earlier erosion events (>5 up to 10 and >27 years) into account. Our results revealed that the vegetation of old eroded areas was not closely similar to the surrounding intact grasslands. However, it was well differentiated from the initial stages of young and intermediate eroded areas' vegetation and had higher plant cover and species richness. The old eroded areas' seed bank had higher seed density and species richness compared to younger areas. While typical mountain meadow species were present in the seedbank of eroded areas, the assessed indicator species of both, younger and older eroded areas did not resemble the ones of the aboveground vegetation. We conclude that the seed bank has important but limited potential for the restoration of the complete species range of calcareous eroded alpine grasslands. This implies that additional restoration measures are needed to reintroduce species absent from the seed bank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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20. Primary succession and its driving variables – a sphere-spanning approach applied in proglacial areas in the upper Martell Valley (Eastern Italian Alps)

Author

Ramskogler, Katharina, Knoflach, Bettina, Elsner, Bernhard, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Haas, Florian, Heckmann, Tobias, Hofmeister, Florentin, Piermattei, Livia, Ressl, Camillo, Trautmann, Svenja, Wimmer, Michael H., Geitner, Clemens, Stötter, Johann, and Tasser, Erich

Abstract

Climate change and the associated glacier retreat lead to considerable enlargement and alterations of the proglacial systems. The colonisation of plants in this ecosystem was found to be highly dependent on terrain age, initial site conditions and geomorphic disturbances. Although the explanatory variables are generally well understood, there is little knowledge on their collinearities and resulting influence on proglacial primary succession. To develop a sphere-spanning understanding of vegetation development, a more interdisciplinary approach was adopted. In the proglacial areas of Fürkeleferner, Zufallferner and Langenferner (Martell Valley, Eastern Italian Alps), in total 65 plots of 5×2 m were installed to perform the vegetation analysis on vegetation cover, species number and species composition. For each of those, 39 potential explanatory variables were collected, selected through an extensive literature review. To analyse and further avoid multicollinearities, 33 of the explanatory variables were clustered via principal component analysis (PCA) to five components. Subsequently, generalised additive models (GAMs) were used to analyse the potential explanatory factors of primary succession. The results showed that primary succession patterns were highly related to the first component (elevation and time), the second component (solar radiation), the third component (soil chemistry), the fifth component (soil physics) and landforms. In summary, the analysis of all explanatory variables together provides an overview of the most important influencing variables and their interactions; thus it provides a basis for the debate on future vegetation development in a changing climate.

Published
2023

24. Primary succession and its driving variables – a holistic approach applied in three proglacial areas in the upper Martell Valley (Eastern Italian Alps)

Author

Ramskogler, Katharina, primary, Knoflach, Bettina, additional, Elsner, Bernhard, additional, Erschbamer, Brigitta, additional, Haas, Florian, additional, Heckmann, Tobias, additional, Hofmeister, Florentin, additional, Piermattei, Livia, additional, Ressl, Camillo, additional, Trautmann, Svenja, additional, Wimmer, Michael H., additional, Geitner, Clemens, additional, Stötter, Johann, additional, and Tasser, Erich, additional

Published
2023
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25. Supplementary material to "Primary succession and its driving variables – a holistic approach applied in three proglacial areas in the upper Martell Valley (Eastern Italian Alps)"

Author

Ramskogler, Katharina, primary, Knoflach, Bettina, additional, Elsner, Bernhard, additional, Erschbamer, Brigitta, additional, Haas, Florian, additional, Heckmann, Tobias, additional, Hofmeister, Florentin, additional, Piermattei, Livia, additional, Ressl, Camillo, additional, Trautmann, Svenja, additional, Wimmer, Michael H., additional, Geitner, Clemens, additional, Stötter, Johann, additional, and Tasser, Erich, additional

Published
2023
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27. sj-docx-1-hol-10.1177_09596836231176485 – Supplemental material for Holocene landscape evolution, palaeoclimate and human impact in the Fotsch Valley, Stubai Alps, Austria: Interrogating biomarkers, stable isotopes, macrofossils and palynological indicators from a subalpine mire archive

Author

Lerch, Marcel, Stutzriemer, Marika, Bliedtner, Marcel, Bromm, Tobias, Sehrt, Melissa, Feistmantl, Nina, Dietre, Benjamin, Kofler, Werner, Boysen, Morena, Salazar, Gary, Szidat, Sönke, Geitner, Clemens, Nicolas Haas, Jean, Schäfer, Dieter, Glaser, Bruno, and Zech, Michael

Subjects
History, Geography
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-hol-10.1177_09596836231176485 for Holocene landscape evolution, palaeoclimate and human impact in the Fotsch Valley, Stubai Alps, Austria: Interrogating biomarkers, stable isotopes, macrofossils and palynological indicators from a subalpine mire archive by Marcel Lerch, Marika Stutzriemer, Marcel Bliedtner, Tobias Bromm, Melissa Sehrt, Nina Feistmantl, Benjamin Dietre, Werner Kofler, Morena Boysen, Gary Salazar, Sönke Szidat, Clemens Geitner, Jean Nicolas Haas, Dieter Schäfer, Bruno Glaser and Michael Zech in The Holocene

Published
2023
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29. List of Contributors

Author

Abd-Elmabod, Sameh K., primary, Alaoui, Abdallah, additional, Anaya-Romero, María, additional, Bakacsi, Zsófia, additional, Baruck, Jasmin, additional, Bogunovic, Igor, additional, Brevik, Eric C., additional, Burras, C. Lee, additional, Cerdà, Artemi, additional, Chabrillat, Sabine, additional, Comino, Jesus Rodrigo, additional, de la Rosa, Diego, additional, Depellegrin, Daniel, additional, El-Ashry, Soad, additional, Escribano, Paula, additional, Estebaranz, Ferran, additional, Farkas-Iványi, Kinga, additional, Fleskens, Luuk, additional, Fodor, Nándor, additional, Francos, Marcos, additional, Freppaz, Michele, additional, García, Mónica, additional, Geitner, Clemens, additional, Godone, Danilo, additional, Grashey-Jansen, Sven, additional, Gruber, Fabian E., additional, Heinrich, Kati, additional, Illés, Gábor, additional, Jordán, Antonio, additional, Khaledian, Yones, additional, Laborczi, Annamária, additional, Lozano-García, Beatriz, additional, Menshov, Oleksandr, additional, Miller, Bradley A., additional, Misiune, Ieva, additional, Muñoz-Rojas, Miriam, additional, Novara, Agata, additional, Oliva, Marc, additional, Papritz, Andreas, additional, Parras-Alcántara, Luis, additional, Pásztor, László, additional, Pereira, Paulo, additional, Phillips, Jonathan D., additional, Richter, Jenny L., additional, Rodríguez-Caballero, Emilio, additional, Schmid, Thomas, additional, Simon, Alois, additional, Smetanova, Anna, additional, Stanchi, Silvia, additional, Szabó, József, additional, Szatmári, Gábor, additional, Takács, Katalin, additional, Traidl, Robert, additional, Úbeda, Xavier, additional, van der Ploeg, Martine, additional, von Albertini, Nina, additional, and Vrščaj, Borut, additional

Published
2017
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30. Soil and Land Use in the Alps—Challenges and Examples of Soil-Survey and Soil-Data Use to Support Sustainable Development

Author

Geitner, Clemens, primary, Baruck, Jasmin, additional, Freppaz, Michele, additional, Godone, Danilo, additional, Grashey-Jansen, Sven, additional, Gruber, Fabian E., additional, Heinrich, Kati, additional, Papritz, Andreas, additional, Simon, Alois, additional, Stanchi, Silvia, additional, Traidl, Robert, additional, von Albertini, Nina, additional, and Vrščaj, Borut, additional

Published
2017
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33. Soil formation and mass redistribution during the Holocene using meteoric 10Be, soil chemistry and mineralogy

Author

Musso, Alessandra, Tikhomirov, Dmitry; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5266-4077, Plötze, Michael L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9833-4196, Greinwald, Konrad; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-2529, Hartmann, Anne, Geitner, Clemens, Maier, Fabian, Petibon, Fanny; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6810-1890, Egli, Markus, Musso, Alessandra, Tikhomirov, Dmitry; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5266-4077, Plötze, Michael L; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9833-4196, Greinwald, Konrad; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1103-2529, Hartmann, Anne, Geitner, Clemens, Maier, Fabian, Petibon, Fanny; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6810-1890, and Egli, Markus

Abstract

Soil development and erosion are important and opposing processes in the evolution of high-mountainous landscapes, though their dynamics are not fully understood. We compared soil development between a calcareous and a siliceous chronosequence in the central Swiss Alps at high altitudes, which both cover soil formation over the Holocene. We calculated element mass balances, long-term erosion rates based on meteoric 10Be and we determined the rates of soil formation. We also analyzed the shifts in the mineralogical composition, weathering indices, the particle size distribution, carbon stocks and oxalate extractable Fe, Al, and Mn. The siliceous soils had high chemical weathering rates at the early stage of soil formation that strongly decreased after a few millennia. The development of calcareous soil was characterized by high carbonate losses and a shift to finer soil texture. Soil erosion hampered the upbuilding of soil horizons in the early stages of soil development, which led to a delay in soil and vegetation development. This study shows how soil formation drivers change over time. In the early stages of soil development, the parent material predominantly drives soil formation while at later stages the vegetation becomes more dominant as it influences surface stability, hydrological pathways, and chemical weathering that determine water drainage and retention.

Published
2022

39. Book of Abstracts - vDEUQUA2021

Author

Abadi, Mehrdad, Abbasi, Hamidreza, Abd El-Raouf, Amr, Abdulkarim, Mubarak, Adolph, Marie-Luise, Aeschbach, Werner, Akçar, Naki, Amini, Hamideh, Andreev, Andrej, Anselmetti, Flavio S., Aumaître, Georges, Avendaño Villeda, Diana, Bartz, Melanie, Baumhauer, Roland, Bazarradnaa, Enkhtuya, Bebiolka, Anke, Behling, Hermann, Benkaddour, Abdelfattah, Binot, Franz, Birlo, Stella, Bittner, Lucas, Bliedtner, Marcel, Bolland, Alexander, Bork, Hans-Rudolf, Bouaziz, Moncef, Bourlès, Didier, Brauer, Achim, Breuer, Sonja, Bromm, Tobias, Buechi, Marius W., Burghardt, Diana, Busch, Robert, Caballero, Margarita, Carr, Andrew S., Chapkanski, Stoil, Christl, Marcus, Cosac, Marian, Dal Corso, Marta, Daniel, Thomas, Dar, Reyaz, Dave, Aditi Krishna, De Jonge, Cindy, Deplazes, Gaudenz, Dietze, Elisabeth, Dietze, Michael, Dietzel, Martin, Dreibrodt, Stefan, Drysdale, Russell, du Plessis, Nadia, Dubois, Nathalie, Duller, Geoff, Duttmann, Rainer, Duval, Mathieu, Döhlert-Albani, Norman, Egli, Markus, Einwögerer, Thomas, Elbracht, Jörg, Enters, Dirk, Enzel, Yehouda, Ertlen, Damien, Farkas, Beáta, Fattahi, Morteza, Faust, Dominik, Faybishenko, Boris, Feistmantl, Nina, Fernandez, Philippe, Ferrier, Catherine, Fiedler, Sabine, Fischer, Birgit, Fischer, Peter, Fitzsimmons, Kathryn, Fletcher, William, Frechen, Manfred, Fuchs, Margret C., Fuchs, Markus, Fuelling, Alexander, Fábián, Szabolcs, Fülling, Alexander, Garbe, Philipp, Gebhardt, Catalina, Gegg, Lukas, Geis, Anna-Lena, Geitner, Clemens, Ghanbarian, Behzad, Gianotti, Franco, Gil Romera, Graciela, Glaser, Bruno, Glückler, Ramesh, Gresina, Fruzsina, Grootes, Pieter Meiert, Guadelli, Aleta, Guadelli, Jean-Luc, Guérin, Guillaume, Haas, Jean Nicolas, Haberzettl, Torsten, Hambach, Ulrich, Hardt, Jacob, Hein, Michael, Heinrich, Hartmut, Heinrich, Susann, Herzschuh, Ulrike, Heydari, Maryam, Hildebrandt, Dominic, Hirschmann, Philip, Hofmann, Felix Martin, Hofmann, Robert, Hogrefe, Ines, Huang, Jyh-Jaan Steven, Hunt, Allen, Händel, Marc, Ivy-Ochs, Susan, Jary, Zdzisław, Jeanneret, Pilar, Jöris, Olaf, Kalicki, Tomasz, Kamleitner, Sarah, Karaschewski, Jasmin, Keddadouche, Karim, Kehl, Martin, Kern, Zoltán, Kertscher, Cathleen, Khatooni, Darvish, Khosravichenar, Azra, Kipfer, Rolf, Kirchner, André, Kirleis, Wiebke, Klaes, Björn, Knitter, Daniel, Kolb, Thomas, Konstantinovski Puntos, Cyryl, Kreienbrink, Frauke, Kreutzer, Sebastian, Kulongoski, Justin, Laag, Christian, Labahn, Jakob, Lachner, Johannes, Lak, Razyeh, Lamb, Henry F., Lampe, Reinhard, Lang, Jörg, Lange-Athinodorou, Eva, Lauer, Tobias, Leanni, Laetitia, Leblanc, Jean-Claude, Lee, An-Sheng, Lehmkuhl, Frank, Lempe, Bernhard, Lerch, Marcel, Liou, Sofia Ya Hsuan, Lisa, Lenka, Liu, Zuorui, Lomax, Johanna, Lorenz, Sebastian, Lozano García, Socorro, Madarász, Balázs, Madritsch, Herfried, Maier, Andreas, Mangelsdorf, Kai, Markovic, Slobodan, Martinez Abarca, Luis Rodrigo, Marx, Samuel, May, Jan-Hendrik, Mayr, Christoph, Meister, Julia, Merchel, Silke, Meszner, Sascha, Meyer, Juliane, Mikdad, Abdeslam, Milevski, Ivica, Mir, Jehangeer, Mischke, Steffen, Mohammadi, Ali, Monegato, Giovanni, Moreiras, Stella, Mueller, Daniela, Muratoreanu, George, Müller, Daniela, Müller, Johannes, Nadeau, Marie-Josée, Nett, Janina, Neugebauer, Ina, Ng, Jessica, Nill, Leon, Nir, Nadav, Ohlendorf, Christian, Opp, Christian, Orgeira, Maria, Ortega Guerrero, Beatriz, Pasda, Clemens, Pasda, Kerstin, Penkman, Kirsty, Peric, Zoran, Pichat, Sylvain, Piller, Werner, Polgar, Irene, Prendergast, Amy, Preusser, Frank, Prud'homme, Charlotte, Pötter, Stephan, Quick, Lynne J., Rambeau, Claire, Reichert, Markus, Reimann, Tony, Reiss, Lilian, Roettig, Christopher-Bastian, Rolf, Christian, Russell, James, Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger, Zsófia, Ryzner, Kamila, Sahakyan, Lilit, Salazar, Gary, Salomon, Ferréol, Sardar Abadi, Mehrdad, Sarı, Selma, Scardia, Giancarlo, Schiestl, Robert, Schimmelpfennig, Irene, Schirmer, Wolfgang, Schmidt, Christoph, Schmidt, Johannes, Schmitt, Laurent, Schneider, Birgit, Schulte, Philipp, Schulze, Tabea, Schunke, Torsten, Schwab, Markus J., Schwahn, Lea, Schwamborn, Georg, Schwark, Lorenz, Schäfer, Dieter, Schütt, Brigitta, Seltzer, Alan, Selzer, Johnnes, Severinghaus, Jeffrey, Shah, Rayees, Simon, Ulrich, Sirakov, Nikolay, Sirakova, Svoboda, Sontag-González, Mariana, Sprafke, Tobias, Stahlschmidt, Mareike, Stauber, Theresa, Steier, Peter, Steiner, Martin, Stojakowits, Philipp, Strobel, Paul, Stroessner, Kathrin, Struck, Julian, Stute, Martin, Stutzriemer, Marika, Stäuble, Harald, Szidat, Sönke, Taneva, Stanimira, Tanner, David, ASTER, Team, Temovski, Marjan, Tinapp, Christian, Tjallingii, Rik, Trappe, Julian, Tylmann, Wojciech, Ulfers, Arne, Ullmann, Tobias, Urban, Brigitte, van Meer, Mike, Varga, György, Veres, Daniel, Verstraeten, Gert, Videiko, Michail, Vinnepand, Mathias, Vockenhuber, Christof, Vogel, Hendrik, Voigt, Silke, von Suchodoletz, Hans, Vött, Andreas, Weiß, Marcel, Werther, Lukas, Wolf, Daniel, Wonik, Thomas, Wrozyna, Claudia, Wunderlich, Tina, Zech, Michael, Zech, Roland, Zeeden, Christian, Zielhofer, Christoph, Zolitschka, Bernd, Zöller, Ludwig, Żurek, Krzysztof, von Suchodoletz, Hans, Dietze, Elisabeth, Dietze, Michael, Meister, Julia, Wrozyna, Claudia, Zeeden, Christian, Kreutzer, Sebastian, and Hildebrandt, Dominic

Subjects
Quaternary, Conference abstracts, Geoscience
Abstract

Collection of conference abstracts presented at the vDEUQUA2021 (2021-09-30 to 2021-09-01), the virtual meeting of the German Quaternary Association (DEUQUA).

Published
2021
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40. Primary succession and its driving variables - a holistic approach applied in three proglacial areas in the upper Martell Valley (Eastern Italian Alps).

Author

Ramskogler, Katharina, Knoflach, Bettina, Elsner, Bernhard, Erschbamer, Brigitta, Haas, Florian, Heckmann, Tobias, Hofmeister, Florentin, Piermattei, Livia, Ressl, Camillo, Trautmann, Svenja, Wimmer, Michael H., Geitner, Clemens, Stötter, Johann, and Tasser, Erich

Subjects
PRINCIPAL components analysis, PLANT colonization, NUMBERS of species, ECOSYSTEMS, SOLAR radiation, VEGETATION dynamics, GLACIERS
Abstract

Climate change and the associated glacier retreat lead to considerable enlargement and alterations of the proglacial systems. The colonisation of plants in this ecosystem was found to be highly depending on terrain age, initial site conditions and geomorphic disturbances. Although the explanatory variables are generally well understood, there is little knowledge on their collinearities and resulting influence on proglacial primary succession. To develop a holistic understanding of vegetation development, a more interdisciplinary approach was adopted. In the proglacial area of Fürkele-, Zufall-, and Langenferner (Martell Valley/Eastern Italian Alps), totally 65 plots of 5 × 2 m were installed to perform the vegetation analysis on vegetation cover, species number, and species composition. For each of those, 30 potential explanatory variables were collected, selected through an extensive literature review. To analyse and further avoid multicollinearities, 26 of the explanatory variables were clustered via Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to five components. Subsequently, generalised additive models (GAM) were used to analyse the potential explanatory factors of primary succession. The results showed that primary succession patterns were highly related to the first component ('elevation and time'), the second component ('solar radiation'), and the third component ('south-eastness') as well as snow free freeze-thaw days, and landforms. In summary, the analysis of all explanatory variables together provides an overview of the most important influencing variables and their interactions, and thus a basis for the debate on future vegetation development in a changing climate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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41. Soil function assessment in high‐mountain environments: Testing the SEPP tool in a ski resort in the Italian Alps.

Author

Schaber, Elisabeth, D'Amico, Michele E., Pintaldi, Emanuele, Stanchi, Silvia, Freppaz, Michele, and Geitner, Clemens

Subjects
SKI resorts, SOILS, CONSTRUCTION projects, MOUNTAIN soils, MOUNTAINS
Abstract

Soil function assessment (SFA) plays an important role in evaluating the impact of management practices, land‐use changes and construction work. The Soil Evaluation for Planning Procedures (SEPP) tool is one of the few existing SFA tools that allow automated SFA. It was originally developed to address land‐use planning issues, which traditionally play a minor role in high‐mountain areas. Hence, the SEPP tool has not yet been applied to such environments. In this study, we tested the SEPP performance on high‐mountain soils previously altered by construction work and land‐use changes. Specifically, we evaluated soil data from 16 ski runs and 16 paired control sites in the Italian Alps, aiming to reflect land‐use‐driven differences in soil properties in the SFA results. The study revealed options to adapt SEPP assessment methods if high‐mountain soils with special characteristics (e.g. shallowness or high coarse fragment content) are investigated. The main adaptation options are the consideration of further soil parameters and the adjustment of thresholds of function fulfilment levels. However, the assessment results of the current SEPP version already reflect the most relevant impacts of ski run construction on the soils in the study area: fulfilment of some of the soil functions was impaired and that of others improved, while most remained at a comparable level. We conclude that SFA with the SEPP tool provides valuable support for the evaluation of construction projects and land‐use change in high‐mountain environments. However, the significance of SFA can be improved by considering the intrinsic properties of high‐mountain soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Modelling of Vegetation Dynamics from Satellite Time Series to Determine Proglacial Primary Succession in the Course of Global Warming—A Case Study in the Upper Martell Valley (Eastern Italian Alps)

Author

Knoflach, Bettina, primary, Ramskogler, Katharina, additional, Talluto, Matthew, additional, Hofmeister, Florentin, additional, Haas, Florian, additional, Heckmann, Tobias, additional, Pfeiffer, Madlene, additional, Piermattei, Livia, additional, Ressl, Camillo, additional, Wimmer, Michael H., additional, Geitner, Clemens, additional, Erschbamer, Brigitta, additional, and Stötter, Johann, additional

Published
2021
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45. Revisiting the subalpine Mesolithic site Ullafelsen in the Fotsch Valley, Stubai Alps, Austria – new insights into pedogenesis and landscape evolution from leaf-wax-derived n-alkanes, black carbon and radiocarbon dating

Author

Zech, Michael, primary, Lerch, Marcel, additional, Bliedtner, Marcel, additional, Bromm, Tobias, additional, Seemann, Fabian, additional, Szidat, Sönke, additional, Salazar, Gary, additional, Zech, Roland, additional, Glaser, Bruno, additional, Haas, Jean Nicolas, additional, Schäfer, Dieter, additional, and Geitner, Clemens, additional

Published
2021
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47. Revisiting the subalpine Mesolithic site Ullafelsen in the Fotsch Valley, Stubai Alps, Austria – new insights into pedogenesis and landscape evolution from leaf-wax-derived n-alkanes, black carbon and radiocarbon dating

Author

Zech, Michael, Lerch, Marcel, Bliedtner, Marcel, Bromm, Tobias, Seemann, Fabian, Szidat, Sönke, Salazar, Gary, Zech, Roland, Glaser, Bruno, Haas, Jean Nicolas, Schäfer, Dieter, and Geitner, Clemens

Subjects
540 Chemistry, 570 Life sciences, biology
Abstract

Archaeological research in high mountain regions has gotten a lot more attention since the discovery of the copper age mummy called “Ötzi” in the Ötztaler Alps in 1991. In the Tyrolean Stubai Alps, the Mesolithic site Ullafelsen at 1869 m a.s.l. (above sea level) close to the recent upper timberline in the Fotsch Valley represents, on the one hand, a very important archaeological reference site and offers, on the other hand, intriguing research questions related to, amongst others, pedogenesis. Given that no biomarkers and stable isotopes have been hitherto investigated, we aimed at contributing with respective analyses and additional radiocarbon dating to a better understanding of the landscape evolution and pedogenesis on and around the Ullafelsen. Our results for modern vegetation suggest that leaf-wax-derived n-alkanes allow us to chemotaxonomically distinguish between subalpine deciduous trees (nC27 predominance) versus (sub)alpine grasses, herbs and dwarf shrubs (nC29, nC31 and/or nC33 predominance). Except for Juniperus, conifers produce no or extremely low n-alkane contents. Although no clear vegetation changes could be inferred from the n-alkane patterns of the investigated soil profiles, the total n-alkane content (TAC) was developed for the first time as an unambiguous proxy for distinguishing between buried (= fossil) topsoils (2Ahb horizons) and humus-enriched subsoils such as Bh horizons of podzols. Based on this leaf wax proxy, we can rule out that the 2Ahb?/Bh? horizons under question on the Ullafelsen are buried topsoils as suggested previously. Dating of the H2O2-pretreated soil samples yielded 14C ages for the podzol Bh horizons ranging from 6.7 to 5.4 cal kyr BP. This is clearly younger than the overlying Mesolithic living floor (LL) (10.9 to 9.5 cal kyr BP) but pre-dates the assumed intensification of alpine pasturing from the Bronze Age onwards. Both the LL and the directly overlying OAh3 horizon yielded black carbon maxima and benzene polycarboxylic acid patterns reflecting fire-induced human impact during the Mesolithic. The discrepancy between the Mesolithic charcoal 14C ages (ages of ≥ 9.5 cal kyr BP) versus the 14C ages obtained for bulk n-alkanes ranging from 8.2 to 4.9 cal kyr BP suggests that non-alkane-producing conifers predominated the vegetation on and around the Ullafelsen after the Mesolithic occupation. Only with the anthropo-zoological lowering of the timberline associated with alpine pasturing since the Neolithic and especially the Bronze Age has an n-alkane-producing vegetation cover (grasses, herbs or dwarf shrubs) started to predominate.

Published
2021
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