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Namen der Moderierenden sowie der Vortragenden: Name Moderierender: Christian Kretzschmann Namen Vortragende: Doreen Kuschick Karen Voigt Stefanie Stark Jan Gehrmann, Stefanie Eck Christian Kretzschmann Til Uebel Einzelbeiträge: „Patient and Public Involvement“ [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]

Silicon nitride is a bulk and a coating material exhibiting excellent mechanical properties. The understanding of the complex processes at the nanometre scale gained through experimental research will be enhanced by the existence of a computationally efficient and accurate model that is able to describe the mechanical properties of silicon nitride. Such a model has yet to be proposed. In this thesis we present a transferable reduced tight-binding (TB) model for the silicon nitride system. More precisely, this model consists of a reduced TB model for elemental silicon, a reduced TB model for elemental nitrogen, and a reduced TB model for silicon nitride. These models are developed within the framework of coarse-graining the electronic structure from density functional theory (DFT) to tight binding (TB) to bond-order potentials (BOPs), and can therefore be used in the future as the stepping stone to develop BOPs for the application in large scale simulations. The bond integrals employed in the reduced TB models are obtained directly from mixed-basis DFT projections of wave functions onto a minimal basis of atom-centred orbitals. This approach reduces the number of overall parameters to be fitted and provides models which are transferable through the different coarse-graining levels. We provide an example by using the same bond integrals in the reduced TB model for silicon and the preliminary bond-based BOP for silicon. DFT binding energies of ground state and metastable crystal structures are used as the benchmark to which the TB and BOP repulsive parameters are fitted. In addition to model development, we present an improved methodology when going from TB to reduced TB. By weighting all four σ TB bond integrals equally, we provide a new parameterisation (Eqs. (2.73) and (2.74)) and show that the quality of the silicon reduced TB model can be increased by choosing one of the reduced TB parameters to be distance invariant. The ingredients, the development methodology, and the quality of each of the four models are discussed in a separate chapter. The quality of the reduced TB models and BOP is demonstrated by comparing their predictions for the binding energies, heats of formation, elastic constants, and defect energies with DFT and experimental values.

Caused by shorter product life cycles and higher product variety the importance of production ramp ups is increasing. Even though companies are aware of that fact, up to 40% of the ramp up projects still miss technical and economical requirements. The success of a ramp up depends on the planning of human factors, organizational aspects and technological solutions. Since only partly considered in scientific literature, this paper lays its focus on the human factor during production ramp up. There are only incoherent methods which address the problems in this area. A systematic and holistic method to improve the capabilities of the employees during ramp up is missing. The Harada Method is a relatively young approach for developing highly-skilled workers. It consists of different worksheets which help employees to set guidelines and reach overall objectives. This approach is going to be transferred into a tool for ramp up management., {"references":["J. Feldhusen, B. Gebhardt, \"Product Lifecycle Management für die\nPraxis. Ein Leitfaden zur modularen Einführung, Umsetzung und\nAnwendung,\" Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin,\n2008.","J. Fleischer, D. Spath, G. Lanza \"Qualitätssimulation im Serienanlauf.\nVorbestimmte Qualitätsfähigkeitskurven von Elementarprozessen,\" in:\nwtWerkstattstechnik 93, H. 1/2, S. 50–54, 2003.","D. Fitzek, \"Anlaufmanagement in Netzwerken: Grundlagen,\nErfolgsfaktoren und Gestaltungsempfehlungen für die\nAutomobilindustrie,\" Diss. Univervistät St. Gallen, in: Schriftenreihe der\nKühne-Stiftung. Haupt Verlag Bern, 2006.","G. Housein, B. Lin, G. Wiesinger, \"Der Mitarbeiter im Fokus des\nProduktionsanlaufes. Management von Wissen, Qualifikation und\nBeziehungen als Garant für einen schnelle Produktionsanlauf,\" in:\nwtWerkstattstechnik 92, H. 10, S. 509–513, 2002.","A. Kuhn, H. Wiendahl, G. Schuh, \"fast ramp-up - Schneller\nProduktionsanlauf von Serienprodukten: Ergebnisbericht der\nUntersuchung,\" Verlag Praxiswissen Dortmund, 2002.","H. Winkler, M. Slamaning, \"Konzeption eines aktivitätsorientierten\nInstruments zur Anlaufkostenplanung,\" in: Zeitschrift für Planung und\nUnternehmenssteuerung, Heft 1 S.85-106, Springer-Verlag, 2008.","M. Schneider, \"Assistenzsystem zur Strategiefestlegung in der\nAnlaufplanung – dargestellt am Beispiel des Pumpen- und\nKompressorenbaus,\" Diss. Universität Dortmund, Verlag Praxiswissen\nDortmund, 2006.","P. Nyhuis, R. Nickel, F. Hertrampf, P. Horvath, G. Urban, M. Seiter, M.\nStirzel, \"Logistik- und kostengerechte Produktionsanläufe (LogikoPro),\"\nAbschlussbericht IGF-Nummer 14904, Hannover, Stuttgart, 2008.","H. Wildemann, \"Anlaufmanagement: Leitfaden zur Optimierung der\nAnlaufphase von Produkten, Anlagen und Dienstleistungen,\" 12.\nAuflage, TCW Transfer-Centrum München, 2013.\n[10] A. Opitz; E. Müller, T. Hildebrand, \"Die optimale Anlaufkurve in der\nSerienfertigung. Ein Modell zur Bestimmung des Aufwand-Nutzen-\nVerhältnisses von Anpassungsmaßnahmen bei der Beschleunigung des Anlaufs,\" in: ZWF - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb, Heft\n6 S.356-359, Carl Hanser Verlag München, 2006.\n[11] R. Bischoff, \"Anlaufmanagement. Schnittstellen zwischen Projekt und\nSerie,\" in: Konstanzer Managementschriften Götte, S. (Hrsg.) Konstanz,\n2007.\n[12] K.-I. Voigt, M. Thiell, \"Fast Ramp-up – Handlungs- und Forschungsfeld\nfür Innovations- und Produktionsmanagement,\" in: H. Wildemann,\n\"Synchronisation von Produktentwicklung und Produktionsprozess,\"\nS.9-39, TCW Transfer-Centrum München, 2005.\n[13] B. Scholz-Reiter, F. Krohne, \"Ramp-Up Excellence. Ein skalierbares\nAnlaufmanagementprozessmodell für Elektronik Zulieferer,\"\nSchlussbericht zum Forschungsvorhaben 15072 N der\nArbeitsgemeinschaft industrieller Forschungseinrichtungen \"Otto von\nGuericke\" e.V. Institut für Produktion und Logistik Bremen, 2010.\n[14] A. Romberg, \"Der Anlaufmanager. Effizient arbeiten mit\nFührungssystem und Workflow - Von der Produktidee bis zu Serie,\".\nLOG X, Stuttgart, 2005.\n[15] W. Jakoby, \"Projektmanagement für Ingenieure. Ein praxisnahes\nLehrbuch für den systematischen Projekterfolg,\" 2., aktualisierte und\nerweiterte Auflage, Springer Vieweg Verlag, Wiesbaden, 2013.\n[16] N. Bodek, \"The Harada Method. The Spirit of Self-Reliance,\" PCS\nPress, Vancouver, 2012."]}

The 3DHeartView project produced an advanced software application for time-variant 3D cardiac modelling based on back projection of rotational X-ray angiographic sequences. Due to standard DICOM 3.0 interface, the software can be used as an add-on to any modern digital angiographer. The system accuracy has been measured and the approach has been validated with static and dynamic phantom object studies. The prototype has been tested in a clinical routine environment as well. In this paper we present the main features of the system, the methodology of 3D angiographic modelling, and certain testing and operation results. We also describe the application of high-performance computing technology in the modelling process.

NF-kappa B is an inducible transcription factor involved in the induction of multiple genes during inflammatory processes. So far the information pertaining to the role of NF-kappa B in autoimmune processes has been restricted to in vitro analysis. To further characterize the role of NF-kappa B in vivo, the involvement of NF-kappa B has been studied by immunocytochemistry in T cell-mediated autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) of the Lewis rat. In non-diseased animals, immunoreactivity for the DNA-binding subunit p50 and for the DNA-binding and transactivating subunit p65 was low and restricted to the surface of small to medium-sized blood vessels. Strong immunoreactivities for p50 and p65 were detected at the peak of clinical disease. At the recovery stage of EAE, p50 and p65 immunoreactivities had declined to base line levels. Within the resident glial cell population, p50 and p65-immunoreactive cells were identified as OX-42-positive microglia. GFAP-positive astrocytes did not show significant p50 or p65 immunoreactivity. In the core and the vicinity of perivascular inflammatory lesions, both ED-1-positive macrophages and W3/13-positive T lymphocytes and monocytes were strongly immunoreactive for NF-kappa B. Our data suggest a crucial involvement of the transcription factor NF-kappa B in autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. Furthermore, NF-kappa B appears as a useful marker for inflammatory processes in vivo.

We have studied the response and the spatial distribution pattern of microglial cells during experimental allergic neuritis induced in the Lewis rat by the transfer of varying doses of activated T cells specific either for the P2 or P0 protein. The microglial reaction was studied immunocytochemically at the light and electron microscopic level using a panel of monoclonal antibodies which included two recently produced antibodies against rat microglial cells, Murine Clone 101 and 102. Activation of microglial cells became apparent through changes in their immunophenotype and morphology within 48 hours of T cell transfer and therefore preceded the onset of clinical disease. Activated microglial cells showed an increased expression of the complement type three receptor, the murine clone 101 and 102 determinants and major histocompatibility complex antigens. The microglial reaction in experimental allergic neuritis occurs at a site remote from the inflammatory changes in the peripheral nerve, the microglial reaction being most prominent in the dorsal and ventral grey matter of the lumbar and the thoracic spinal cord. Similar changes were also observed at this time in the terminal projection fields of the primary, afferent, sensory fibers, such as the nucleus gracilis. Subsequently, after 7 days, motoneurons, particularly in the ventral grey matter of the lumbar spinal cord, were ensheathed by perineuronal microglial cells. These perineuronal microglial cells were in close contact with the neuronal plasma membrane and occasionally appeared to detach afferent synaptic terminals from the surface. Microglial responses were not detected in animals injected with nonpathogenic T cells specific either for the purified protein derivative or ovalbumin. This early activation of microglial cells observed in experimental allergic neuritis suggests that a rapid and remote signaling might be operating in the microglial responses during T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.