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1. The Relationship Between Maturation Size and Maximum Tree Size From Tropical to Boreal Climates

Author

Journé, Valentin, Bogdziewicz, Michał, Courbaud, Benoit, Kunstler, Georges, Qiu, Tong, Acuña, Marie‐Claire Aravena, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Berveiller, Daniel, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Caignard, Thomas, Cailleret, Maxime, Calama, Rafael, Camarero, J Julio, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, Chave, Jerome, Chianucci, Francesco, Curt, Thomas, Cutini, Andrea, Das, Adrian, Daskalakou, Evangelia, Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep Maria, Farfan‐Rios, William, Fenner, Michael, Franklin, Jerry, Gehring, Catherine, Gilbert, Gregory, Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guignabert, Arthur, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket‐Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Hanley, Mick E, Lambers, Janneke Hille Ris, Holík, Jan, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F, Knops, Johannes MH, Kobe, Richard K, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Lageard, Jonathan, LaMontagne, Jalene, Ledwon, Mateusz, Lefèvre, François, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean‐Marc, Lutz, James, Macias, Diana, Mårell, Anders, McIntire, Eliot, Moran, Emily V, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan, Nagel, Thomas A, Naoe, Shoji, Noguchi, Mahoko, Norghauer, Julian, Oguro, Michio, Ourcival, Jean‐Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian, Pérez‐Ramos, Ignacio M, Piechnik, Łukasz, Podgórski, Tomasz, Poulsen, John, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Samonil, Pavel, Scher, C Lane, Schlesinger, William H, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Shibata, Mitsue, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael, Stephenson, Nathan, Straub, Jacob, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A, Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Whipple, Amy, Whitham, Thomas, Wright, S Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess, Żywiec, Magdalena, and Clark, James S

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Ecology, Trees, Tropical Climate, Climate Change, Reproduction, Forests, allometry, life history, seed production, size, tree fecundity, tree maturation, Ecological Applications, Evolutionary Biology, Ecological applications, Environmental management
Abstract

The fundamental trade-off between current and future reproduction has long been considered to result in a tendency for species that can grow large to begin reproduction at a larger size. Due to the prolonged time required to reach maturity, estimates of tree maturation size remain very rare and we lack a global view on the generality and the shape of this trade-off. Using seed production from five continents, we estimate tree maturation sizes for 486 tree species spanning tropical to boreal climates. Results show that a species' maturation size increases with maximum size, but in a non-proportional way: the largest species begin reproduction at smaller sizes than would be expected if maturation were simply proportional to maximum size. Furthermore, the decrease in relative maturation size is steepest in cold climates. These findings on maturation size drivers are key to accurately represent forests' responses to disturbance and climate change.

Published
2024

2. Linking seed size and number to trait syndromes in trees

Author

Bogdziewicz, Michal, Acuña, Marie‐Claire Aravena, Andrus, Robert, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Brveiller, Daniel, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Caignard, Thomas, Cailleret, Maxime, Calama, Rafael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Camarero, J Julio, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, Chave, Jerome, Chianucci, Francesco, Cleavitt, Natalie L, Courbaud, Benoit, Cutini, Andrea, Curt, Thomas, Das, Adrian J, Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Dormont, Laurent, Farfan‐Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine A, Gilbert, Gregory S, Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guignabert, Arthur, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket‐Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F, Journé, Valentin, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes MH, Kunstler, Georges, Kobe, Richard, Lageard, Jonathan GA, LaMontagne, Jalene M, Ledwon, Mateusz, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean‐Marc, Lutz, James A, Macias, Diana, Marell, Anders, McIntire, Eliot JB, Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A, Nagel, Thomas A, Naoe, Shoji, Noguchi, Mahoko, Oguro, Michio, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Ourcival, Jean‐Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Perez‐Ramos, Ignacio M, Piechnik, Lukasz, Podgórski, Tomasz, Poulsen, John, Qiu, Tong, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Rodman, Kyle C, Šamonil, Pavel, Holik, Jan, Scher, C Lane, Van Marle, Harald Schmidt, Seget, Barbara, Shibata, Mitsue, Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A, Straub, Jacob N, Sun, I‐Fang, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J, Thomas, Peter A, Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T, Wright, Boyd, Wright, S Joseph, Whitham, Thomas G, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K, Zywiec, Magdalna, and Clark, James S

Subjects
fecundity, functional traits, leaf economics, life history strategies, size syndrome, tree recruitment, Ecology
Published
2023

4. Globally, tree fecundity exceeds productivity gradients

Author

Journé, Valentin, Andrus, Robert, Aravena, Marie‐Claire, Ascoli, Davide, Berretti, Roberta, Berveiller, Daniel, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Caignard, Thomas, Calama, Rafael, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Chang‐Yang, Chia‐Hao, Courbaud, Benoit, Courbet, Francois, Curt, Thomas, Das, Adrian J, Daskalakou, Evangelia, Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep Maria, Fahey, Timothy J, Farfan‐Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine A, Gilbert, Gregory S, Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket‐Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Lambers, Janneke Hille Ris, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F, Kabeya, Daisuke, Kays, Roland, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes MH, Kobe, Richard K, Kunstler, Georges, Lageard, Jonathan GA, LaMontagne, Jalene M, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean‐Marc, Lutz, James A, Macias, Diana, McIntire, Eliot JB, Moore, Christopher M, Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A, Nagel, Thomas A, Noguchi, Kyotaro, Ourcival, Jean‐Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian S, Perez‐Ramos, Ignacio M, Piechnik, Lukasz, Poulsen, John, Poulton‐Kamakura, Renata, Qiu, Tong, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Rodman, Kyle C, Rodriguez‐Sanchez, Francisco, Sanguinetti, Javier D, Scher, C Lane, Van Marle, Harald Schmidt, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A, Stephenson, Nathan L, Straub, Jacob N, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A, Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T, Whipple, Amy V, Whitham, Thomas G, Wright, Boyd, Wright, S Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K, Zlotin, Roman, Zywiec, Magdalena, and Clark, James S

Subjects
Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Environmental Sciences, Regenerative Medicine, Biodiversity, Climate, Fertility, Forests, Seeds, Trees, climate, competition, forest regeneration, seed consumption, species interactions, tree fecundity, Ecological Applications, Evolutionary Biology, Ecological applications, Environmental management
Abstract

Lack of tree fecundity data across climatic gradients precludes the analysis of how seed supply contributes to global variation in forest regeneration and biotic interactions responsible for biodiversity. A global synthesis of raw seedproduction data shows a 250-fold increase in seed abundance from cold-dry to warm-wet climates, driven primarily by a 100-fold increase in seed production for a given tree size. The modest (threefold) increase in forest productivity across the same climate gradient cannot explain the magnitudes of these trends. The increase in seeds per tree can arise from adaptive evolution driven by intense species interactions or from the direct effects of a warm, moist climate on tree fecundity. Either way, the massive differences in seed supply ramify through food webs potentially explaining a disproportionate role for species interactions in the wet tropics.

Published
2022

6. Masting is uncommon in trees that depend on mutualist dispersers in the context of global climate and fertility gradients

Author

Qiu, Tong, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Caignard, Thomas, Cailleret, Maxime, Calama, Rafael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Camarero, J. Julio, Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao, Chave, Jerome, Chianucci, Francesco, Courbaud, Benoit, Cutini, Andrea, Das, Adrian J., Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep Maria, Fahey, Timothy J., Farfan-Rios, William, Franklin, Jerry F., Gehring, Catherine A., Gilbert, Gregory S., Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H., Guignabert, Arthur, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Holik, Jan, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F., Journé, Valentin, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes M. H., Kunstler, Georges, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Lageard, Jonathan G. A., LaMontagne, Jalene M., Lefevre, Francois, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lutz, James A., Macias, Diana, Marell, Anders, McIntire, Eliot J. B., Moore, Christopher M., Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A., Nagel, Thomas A., Naoe, Shoji, Noguchi, Mahoko, Oguro, Michio, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian S., Perez-Ramos, Ignacio M., Piechnik, Lukasz, Podgorski, Tomasz, Poulsen, John, Redmond, Miranda D., Reid, Chantal D., Rodman, Kyle C., Rodriguez-Sanchez, Francisco, Samonil, Pavel, Sanguinetti, Javier D., Scher, C. Lane, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Shibata, Mitsue, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A., Stephenson, Nathan L., Straub, Jacob N., Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J., Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A., Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Whipple, Amy V., Whitham, Thomas G., Wion, Andreas P., Wright, S. Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zywiec, Magdalena, and Clark, James S.

Published
2023
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7. Limits to reproduction and seed size-number trade-offs that shape forest dominance and future recovery

Author

Qiu, Tong, Andrus, Robert, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Berretti, Roberta, Berveiller, Daniel, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Bragg, Don C, Caignard, Thomas, Calama, Rafael, Camarero, J Julio, Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao, Cleavitt, Natalie L, Courbaud, Benoit, Courbet, Francois, Curt, Thomas, Das, Adrian J, Daskalakou, Evangelia, Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep, Fahey, Timothy J, Farfan-Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine A, Gilbert, Gregory S, Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Hille Ris Lambers, Janneke, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill F, Journé, Valentin, Kabeya, Daisuke, Kilner, Christopher L, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes MH, Kobe, Richard K, Kunstler, Georges, Lageard, Jonathan GA, LaMontagne, Jalene M, Ledwon, Mateusz, Lefevre, Francois, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lutz, James A, Macias, Diana, McIntire, Eliot JB, Moore, Christopher M, Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A, Nagel, Thomas A, Noguchi, Kyotaro, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian S, Perez-Ramos, Ignacio M, Piechnik, Lukasz, Poulsen, John, Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Rodman, Kyle C, Rodriguez-Sanchez, Francisco, Sanguinetti, Javier D, Scher, C Lane, Schlesinger, William H, Schmidt Van Marle, Harald, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A, Stephenson, Nathan L, Straub, Jacob N, Sun, I-Fang, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A, Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T, Whipple, Amy V, Whitham, Thomas G, Wion, Andreas P, Wright, Boyd, Wright, S Joseph, Zhu, Kai, and Zimmerman, Jess K

Subjects
Agricultural, Veterinary and Food Sciences, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Contraception/Reproduction, Fertility, Forests, Reproduction, Seeds, Trees
Abstract

The relationships that control seed production in trees are fundamental to understanding the evolution of forest species and their capacity to recover from increasing losses to drought, fire, and harvest. A synthesis of fecundity data from 714 species worldwide allowed us to examine hypotheses that are central to quantifying reproduction, a foundation for assessing fitness in forest trees. Four major findings emerged. First, seed production is not constrained by a strict trade-off between seed size and numbers. Instead, seed numbers vary over ten orders of magnitude, with species that invest in large seeds producing more seeds than expected from the 1:1 trade-off. Second, gymnosperms have lower seed production than angiosperms, potentially due to their extra investments in protective woody cones. Third, nutrient-demanding species, indicated by high foliar phosphorus concentrations, have low seed production. Finally, sensitivity of individual species to soil fertility varies widely, limiting the response of community seed production to fertility gradients. In combination, these findings can inform models of forest response that need to incorporate reproductive potential.

Published
2022

8. Is there tree senescence? The fecundity evidence

Author

Qiu, Tong, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Andrus, Robert, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Berretti, Roberta, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raul, Caignard, Thomas, Calama, Rafael, Camarero, J Julio, Clark, Connie J, Courbaud, Benoit, Delzon, Sylvain, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Farfan-Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine A, Gilbert, Gregory S, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guo, Qinfeng, Lambers, Janneke Hille Ris, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibanez, Ines, Journé, Valentin, Kilner, Christopher L, Kobe, Richard K, Koenig, Walter D, Kunstler, Georges, LaMontagne, Jalene M, Ledwon, Mateusz, Lutz, James A, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A, Nagel, Thomas A, Nuñez, Chase L, Pearse, Ian S, Piechnik, Łukasz, Poulsen, John R, Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Rodman, Kyle C, Scher, C Lane, Van Marle, Harald Schmidt, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T, Whipple, Amy V, Whitham, Thomas G, Wion, Andreas P, Wright, S Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K, Żywiec, Magdalena, and Clark, James S

Subjects
Fertility, Forests, Models, Biological, Regeneration, Trees, tree fecundity, tree senescence, tree life history, allometric scaling, crown architecture
Abstract

Despite its importance for forest regeneration, food webs, and human economies, changes in tree fecundity with tree size and age remain largely unknown. The allometric increase with tree diameter assumed in ecological models would substantially overestimate seed contributions from large trees if fecundity eventually declines with size. Current estimates are dominated by overrepresentation of small trees in regression models. We combined global fecundity data, including a substantial representation of large trees. We compared size-fecundity relationships against traditional allometric scaling with diameter and two models based on crown architecture. All allometric models fail to describe the declining rate of increase in fecundity with diameter found for 80% of 597 species in our analysis. The strong evidence of declining fecundity, beyond what can be explained by crown architectural change, is consistent with physiological decline. A downward revision of projected fecundity of large trees can improve the next generation of forest dynamic models.

Published
2021

9. Continent-wide tree fecundity driven by indirect climate effects.

Author

Clark, James S, Andrus, Robert, Aubry-Kientz, Melaine, Bergeron, Yves, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Bragg, Don C, Brockway, Dale, Cleavitt, Natalie L, Cohen, Susan, Courbaud, Benoit, Daley, Robert, Das, Adrian J, Dietze, Michael, Fahey, Timothy J, Fer, Istem, Franklin, Jerry F, Gehring, Catherine A, Gilbert, Gregory S, Greenberg, Cathryn H, Guo, Qinfeng, HilleRisLambers, Janneke, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill, Kilner, Christopher L, Knops, Johannes, Koenig, Walter D, Kunstler, Georges, LaMontagne, Jalene M, Legg, Kristin L, Luongo, Jordan, Lutz, James A, Macias, Diana, McIntire, Eliot JB, Messaoud, Yassine, Moore, Christopher M, Moran, Emily, Myers, Jonathan A, Myers, Orrin B, Nunez, Chase, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Sam, Pearson, Scott, Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, Ready, Ethan, Redmond, Miranda D, Reid, Chantal D, Rodman, Kyle C, Scher, C Lane, Schlesinger, William H, Schwantes, Amanda M, Shanahan, Erin, Sharma, Shubhi, Steele, Michael A, Stephenson, Nathan L, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J, Swift, Margaret, Veblen, Thomas T, Whipple, Amy V, Whitham, Thomas G, Wion, Andreas P, Zhu, Kai, and Zlotin, Roman

Subjects
Trees, Seasons, Fertility, Geography, Models, Theoretical, North America, Climate Change, Models, Theoretical
Abstract

Indirect climate effects on tree fecundity that come through variation in size and growth (climate-condition interactions) are not currently part of models used to predict future forests. Trends in species abundances predicted from meta-analyses and species distribution models will be misleading if they depend on the conditions of individuals. Here we find from a synthesis of tree species in North America that climate-condition interactions dominate responses through two pathways, i) effects of growth that depend on climate, and ii) effects of climate that depend on tree size. Because tree fecundity first increases and then declines with size, climate change that stimulates growth promotes a shift of small trees to more fecund sizes, but the opposite can be true for large sizes. Change the depresses growth also affects fecundity. We find a biogeographic divide, with these interactions reducing fecundity in the West and increasing it in the East. Continental-scale responses of these forests are thus driven largely by indirect effects, recommending management for climate change that considers multiple demographic rates.

Published
2021

13. Intensive leaf cooling promotes tree survival during a record heatwave.

Author

Posch, Bradley C., Bush, Susan E., Koepke, Dan F., Schuessler, Alexandra, Anderegg, Leander L. D., Aparecido, Luiza M. T., Blonder, Benjamin W., Guo, Jessica S., Kerr, Kelly L., Moran, Madeline E., Cooper, Hillary F., Doughty, Christopher E., Gehring, Catherine A., Whitham, Thomas G., Allan, Gerard J., and Hultine, Kevin R.

Subjects
GLOBAL warming, ATMOSPHERIC temperature, LEAF temperature, HEAT waves (Meteorology), SOIL moisture
Abstract

Increasing heatwaves are threatening forest ecosystems globally. Leaf thermal regulation and tolerance are important for plant survival during heatwaves, though the interaction between these processes and water availability is unclear. Genotypes of the widely distributed foundation tree species Populus fremontii were studied in a controlled common garden during a record summer heatwave—where air temperature exceeded 48 °C. When water was not limiting, all genotypes cooled leaves 2 to 5 °C below air temperatures. Homeothermic cooling was disrupted for weeks following a 72-h reduction in soil water, resulting in leaf temperatures rising 3 °C above air temperature and 1.3 °C above leaf thresholds for physiological damage, despite the water stress having little effect on leaf water potentials. Tradeoffs between leaf thermal safety and hydraulic safety emerged but, regardless of water use strategy, all genotypes experienced significant leaf mortality following water stress. Genotypes from warmer climates showed greater leaf cooling and less leaf mortality after water stress in comparison with genotypes from cooler climates. These results illustrate how brief soil water limitation disrupts leaf thermal regulation and potentially compromises plant survival during extreme heatwaves, thus providing insight into future scenarios in which ecosystems will be challenged with extreme heat and unreliable soil water access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Variation of root functional traits indicates flexible below‐ground economic strategies of the riparian tree species Populus fremontii.

Author

Schaefer, Elena A., Gehring, Catherine A., Phillips, Richard P., Gadrat, Emma, and Karst, Justine

Subjects
*ORNAMENTAL plants, *COLONIZATION (Ecology), *ORNAMENTAL trees, *VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas, *COTTONWOOD
Abstract

Plant‐mycorrhizal type has been suggested as an integrator of plant functional traits, yet most of what is known about these relationships comes from studies of different plant taxa, where the effects of mycorrhizal type cannot be isolated. In addition to affecting carbon‐nutrient exchanges, plants that associate with distinct mycorrhizal types often differ in several traits, with consequences for myriad below‐ground processes.We used two common gardens planted with Populus fremontii, a tree species that can simultaneously associate with both arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi, to examine the degree to which mycorrhizal‐type dominance influences root traits and trait relationships across the root economic space.While P. fremontii formed AM and ECM associations simultaneously, individuals displayed a dominant mycorrhizal type driven primarily by garden location. Trees in the low‐elevation garden, regardless of provenance, were colonized primarily by AM fungi, whereas trees in the high‐elevation garden were colonized primarily by ECM fungi. In root systems at the low‐elevation garden, AM colonization rates were negatively related to specific root length indicating trade‐off with investment in foraging roots. In contrast, root systems at the high‐elevation garden, ECM colonization was negatively related to root tissue density, demonstrating a potential trade‐off between resource acquisition and root growth/defence. All other root economic traits remained similar between mycorrhizal types.While root traits varied little between AM‐ and ECM‐dominated trees (and gardens), their relationships with one another differed in each garden, suggesting unique strategies and trait trade‐offs in a single species. As global change continues to alter environments, species like P. fremontii, which experience a range of abiotic conditions, could signal how other tree species might modify root traits and strategies in response. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Utilizing symbiotic relationships and assisted migration in restoration to cope with multiple stressors, and the legacy of invasive species

Author

Markovchick, Lisa M., primary, Belgara-Andrew, Abril, additional, Richard, Duncan, additional, Deringer, Tessa, additional, Grady, Kevin C., additional, Hultine, Kevin R., additional, Allan, Gerard J., additional, Whitham, Thomas G., additional, Querejeta, José Ignacio, additional, and Gehring, Catherine A., additional

Published
2024
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19. Author Correction: Continent-wide tree fecundity driven by indirect climate effects

Author

Clark, James S., Andrus, Robert, Aubry-Kientz, Melaine, Bergeron, Yves, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Bragg, Don C., Brockway, Dale, Cleavitt, Natalie L., Cohen, Susan, Courbaud, Benoit, Daley, Robert, Das, Adrian J., Dietze, Michael, Fahey, Timothy J., Fer, Istem, Franklin, Jerry F., Gehring, Catherine A., Gilbert, Gregory S., Greenberg, Cathryn H., Guo, Qinfeng, HilleRisLambers, Janneke, Ibanez, Ines, Johnstone, Jill, Kilner, Christopher L., Knops, Johannes, Koenig, Walter D., Kunstler, Georges, LaMontagne, Jalene M., Legg, Kristin L., Luongo, Jordan, Lutz, James A., Macias, Diana, McIntire, Eliot J. B., Messaoud, Yassine, Moore, Christopher M., Moran, Emily, Myers, Jonathan A., Myers, Orrin B., Nunez, Chase, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Sam, Pearson, Scott, Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, Ready, Ethan, Redmond, Miranda D., Reid, Chantal D., Rodman, Kyle C., Scher, C. Lane, Schlesinger, William H., Schwantes, Amanda M., Shanahan, Erin, Sharma, Shubhi, Steele, Michael A., Stephenson, Nathan L., Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J., Swift, Margaret, Veblen, Thomas T., Whipple, Amy V., Whitham, Thomas G., Wion, Andreas P., Zhu, Kai, and Zlotin, Roman

Published
2021
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20. Masting is uncommon in trees that depend on mutualist dispersers in the context of global climate and fertility gradients

Author

National Science Foundation (US), Belmont Forum, NASA Astrobiology Institute (US), Pennsylvania State University, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Junta de Andalucía, European Commission, US Forest Service, Qiu, Tong [0000-0003-4499-437X], Aravena, Marie-Claire [0000-0002-4493-4396], Ascoli, Davide [0000-0002-2671-5122], Bergeron, Yves [0000-0003-3707-3687], Bogdziewicz, Michal [0000-0002-6777-9034], Boivin, Thomas [0000-0003-1694-2425], Bonal, Raúl [0000-0002-6084-1771], Caignard, Thomas [0000-0001-5009-4613], Calama Sainz, Rafael Argimiro [0000-0002-2598-9594], Calderon, Sergio Donoso [0000-0002-6324-9351], Camarero, Jesús Julio [0000-0003-2436-2922], Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao [0000-0003-3635-4946], Chave, Jérôme [0000-0002-7766-1347], Chianucci, F. [0000-0002-5688-2060], Courbaud, Benoit [0000-0002-3050-9559], Cutini, A. [0000-0002-7033-2399], Das, Adrian J. [0000-0002-3937-2616], Delpierre, Nicolas [0000-0003-0906-9402], Delzon, Sylvain [0000-0003-3442-1711], Dietze, Michael [0000-0002-2324-2518], Dormont, Laurent [0000-0002-2021-0625], Espelta, Josep Maria [0000-0002-0242-4988], Fahey, Timothy J. [0000-0003-1283-1162], Farfan-Rios, William [0000-0002-3196-0317], Gehring, Catherine [0000-0002-9393-9556], Gilbert, Gregory S. [0000-0002-5195-9903], Gratzer, Georg [0000-0002-6355-6562], Greenberg, Cathryn H. [0000-0002-2831-0989], Guignabert, Arthur [0000-0002-1512-6760], Guo, Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Hacket-Pain, Andrew [0000-0003-3676-1568], Hampe, Arndt [0000-0003-2551-9784], Han, Qingmin [0000-0001-6063-6068], Holik, Jan [0000-0002-7949-9689], Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko [0000-0001-7654-9129], Ibáñez, Inés [0000-0002-1054-0727], Johnstone, Jill F. [0000-0001-6131-9339], Journé, Valentin [0000-0001-7324-7002], Kitzberger, T. [0000-0002-9754-4121], Knops, Johannes M.H. [0000-0002-9647-9209], Kunstler, Georges [0000-0002-2544-1940], Kurokawa, Hiroko [0000-0001-8778-8045], Lageard, Jonathan G. A. [0000-0001-8971-0444], LaMontagne, Jalene M. [0000-0001-7713-8591], Lefèvre, François [0000-0003-2242-7251], Leininger, Theodor [0000-0002-4939-3656], Limousin, Jean-Marc [0000-0002-2734-2495], Lutz, James A. [0000-0002-2560-0710], Marell, Anders [0000-0002-3328-4834], McIntire, Eliot J B [0000-0002-6914-8316], Moore, Christopher M. [0000-0001-5783-9833], Moran, Emily [0000-0003-4624-1910], Motta, Renzo [0000-0002-1631-3840], Myers, Jonathan A. [0000-0002-2058-8468], Nagel, Thomas A. [0000-0002-4207-9218], Naoe, Shoji [0000-0002-0605-4187], Noguchi, Mahoko [0000-0002-3393-5131], Oguro, Michio [0000-0003-0974-7971], Parmenter, Robert [0000-0002-2099-6824], Pearse, Ian S. [0000-0001-7098-0495], Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel [0000-0003-2332-7818], Piechnik, Lukasz [0000-0002-3958-7393], Podgórski, Tomasz [0000-0001-6858-7838], Poulsen, John [0000-0002-1532-9808], Redmond, Miranda D. [0000-0002-4657-7943], Reid, Chantal D. [0000-0002-3811-4076], Rodman, Kyle C. [0000-0001-9538-8412], Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco [0000-0002-7981-1599], Šamonil, Pavel [0000-0002-7722-8797], Seget, Barbara [0000-0002-7872-926X], Silman, Miles [0000-0003-4152-2844], Stephenson, Nathan L. [0000-0003-0208-7229], Straub, Jacob N. [0009-0000-3720-7564], Swenson, Jennifer [0000-0002-2069-667X], Swift, Margaret [0000-0001-7913-1879], Thomas, Peter A. [0000-0003-3115-3301], Uriarte, María [0000-0002-0484-0758], Vacchiano, Giorgio [0000-0001-8100-0659], Whipple, Amy V. [0000-0003-3956-7832], Whitham, Thomas G. [0000-0002-1262-4342], Wion, Andreas P. [0000-0002-0701-2843], Wright, S. Joseph [0000-0003-4260-5676], Zhu, Kai [0000-0003-1587-3317], Zimmerman, Jess K. [0000-0002-8179-0731], Zywiec, Magdalena [0000-0002-5992-4051], Clark, James S. [0000-0002-5677-9733], Qiu, Tong, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raúl, Caignard, Thomas, Cailleret, Maxime, Calama Sainz, Rafael Argimiro, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao, Chave, Jérôme, Chianucci, F., Courbaud, Benoit, Cutini, A., Das, Adrian J., Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep María, Fahey, Timothy J., Farfan-Rios, William, Franklin, Jerry F., Gehring, Catherine, Gilbert, Gregory S., Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H., Guignabert, Arthur, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Holik, Jan, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibáñez, Inés, Johnstone, Jill F., Journé, Valentin, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes M. H., Kunstler, Georges, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Lageard, Jonathan G. A., LaMontagne, Jalene M., Lefèvre, François, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lutz, James A., Macías, Diana, Marell, Anders, McIntire, Eliot J B, Moore, Christopher M., Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A., Nagel, Thomas A., Naoe, Shoji, Noguchi, Mahoko, Oguro, Michio, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian S., Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel, Piechnik, Lukasz, Podgórski, Tomasz, Poulsen, John, Redmond, Miranda D., Reid, Chantal D., Rodman, Kyle C., Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco, Šamonil, Pavel, Sanguinetti, Javier D., Scher, C. Lane, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Shibata, M., Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A., Stephenson, Nathan L., Straub, Jacob N., Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer, Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A., Uriarte, María, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Whipple, Amy V., Whitham, Thomas G., Wion, Andreas P., Wright, S. Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zywiec, Magdalena, Clark, James S., National Science Foundation (US), Belmont Forum, NASA Astrobiology Institute (US), Pennsylvania State University, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Polish Academy of Sciences, Junta de Andalucía, European Commission, US Forest Service, Qiu, Tong [0000-0003-4499-437X], Aravena, Marie-Claire [0000-0002-4493-4396], Ascoli, Davide [0000-0002-2671-5122], Bergeron, Yves [0000-0003-3707-3687], Bogdziewicz, Michal [0000-0002-6777-9034], Boivin, Thomas [0000-0003-1694-2425], Bonal, Raúl [0000-0002-6084-1771], Caignard, Thomas [0000-0001-5009-4613], Calama Sainz, Rafael Argimiro [0000-0002-2598-9594], Calderon, Sergio Donoso [0000-0002-6324-9351], Camarero, Jesús Julio [0000-0003-2436-2922], Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao [0000-0003-3635-4946], Chave, Jérôme [0000-0002-7766-1347], Chianucci, F. [0000-0002-5688-2060], Courbaud, Benoit [0000-0002-3050-9559], Cutini, A. [0000-0002-7033-2399], Das, Adrian J. [0000-0002-3937-2616], Delpierre, Nicolas [0000-0003-0906-9402], Delzon, Sylvain [0000-0003-3442-1711], Dietze, Michael [0000-0002-2324-2518], Dormont, Laurent [0000-0002-2021-0625], Espelta, Josep Maria [0000-0002-0242-4988], Fahey, Timothy J. [0000-0003-1283-1162], Farfan-Rios, William [0000-0002-3196-0317], Gehring, Catherine [0000-0002-9393-9556], Gilbert, Gregory S. [0000-0002-5195-9903], Gratzer, Georg [0000-0002-6355-6562], Greenberg, Cathryn H. [0000-0002-2831-0989], Guignabert, Arthur [0000-0002-1512-6760], Guo, Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Hacket-Pain, Andrew [0000-0003-3676-1568], Hampe, Arndt [0000-0003-2551-9784], Han, Qingmin [0000-0001-6063-6068], Holik, Jan [0000-0002-7949-9689], Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko [0000-0001-7654-9129], Ibáñez, Inés [0000-0002-1054-0727], Johnstone, Jill F. [0000-0001-6131-9339], Journé, Valentin [0000-0001-7324-7002], Kitzberger, T. [0000-0002-9754-4121], Knops, Johannes M.H. [0000-0002-9647-9209], Kunstler, Georges [0000-0002-2544-1940], Kurokawa, Hiroko [0000-0001-8778-8045], Lageard, Jonathan G. A. [0000-0001-8971-0444], LaMontagne, Jalene M. [0000-0001-7713-8591], Lefèvre, François [0000-0003-2242-7251], Leininger, Theodor [0000-0002-4939-3656], Limousin, Jean-Marc [0000-0002-2734-2495], Lutz, James A. [0000-0002-2560-0710], Marell, Anders [0000-0002-3328-4834], McIntire, Eliot J B [0000-0002-6914-8316], Moore, Christopher M. [0000-0001-5783-9833], Moran, Emily [0000-0003-4624-1910], Motta, Renzo [0000-0002-1631-3840], Myers, Jonathan A. [0000-0002-2058-8468], Nagel, Thomas A. [0000-0002-4207-9218], Naoe, Shoji [0000-0002-0605-4187], Noguchi, Mahoko [0000-0002-3393-5131], Oguro, Michio [0000-0003-0974-7971], Parmenter, Robert [0000-0002-2099-6824], Pearse, Ian S. [0000-0001-7098-0495], Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel [0000-0003-2332-7818], Piechnik, Lukasz [0000-0002-3958-7393], Podgórski, Tomasz [0000-0001-6858-7838], Poulsen, John [0000-0002-1532-9808], Redmond, Miranda D. [0000-0002-4657-7943], Reid, Chantal D. [0000-0002-3811-4076], Rodman, Kyle C. [0000-0001-9538-8412], Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco [0000-0002-7981-1599], Šamonil, Pavel [0000-0002-7722-8797], Seget, Barbara [0000-0002-7872-926X], Silman, Miles [0000-0003-4152-2844], Stephenson, Nathan L. [0000-0003-0208-7229], Straub, Jacob N. [0009-0000-3720-7564], Swenson, Jennifer [0000-0002-2069-667X], Swift, Margaret [0000-0001-7913-1879], Thomas, Peter A. [0000-0003-3115-3301], Uriarte, María [0000-0002-0484-0758], Vacchiano, Giorgio [0000-0001-8100-0659], Whipple, Amy V. [0000-0003-3956-7832], Whitham, Thomas G. [0000-0002-1262-4342], Wion, Andreas P. [0000-0002-0701-2843], Wright, S. Joseph [0000-0003-4260-5676], Zhu, Kai [0000-0003-1587-3317], Zimmerman, Jess K. [0000-0002-8179-0731], Zywiec, Magdalena [0000-0002-5992-4051], Clark, James S. [0000-0002-5677-9733], Qiu, Tong, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raúl, Caignard, Thomas, Cailleret, Maxime, Calama Sainz, Rafael Argimiro, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao, Chave, Jérôme, Chianucci, F., Courbaud, Benoit, Cutini, A., Das, Adrian J., Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep María, Fahey, Timothy J., Farfan-Rios, William, Franklin, Jerry F., Gehring, Catherine, Gilbert, Gregory S., Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H., Guignabert, Arthur, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Holik, Jan, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibáñez, Inés, Johnstone, Jill F., Journé, Valentin, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes M. H., Kunstler, Georges, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Lageard, Jonathan G. A., LaMontagne, Jalene M., Lefèvre, François, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lutz, James A., Macías, Diana, Marell, Anders, McIntire, Eliot J B, Moore, Christopher M., Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A., Nagel, Thomas A., Naoe, Shoji, Noguchi, Mahoko, Oguro, Michio, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian S., Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel, Piechnik, Lukasz, Podgórski, Tomasz, Poulsen, John, Redmond, Miranda D., Reid, Chantal D., Rodman, Kyle C., Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco, Šamonil, Pavel, Sanguinetti, Javier D., Scher, C. Lane, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Shibata, M., Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A., Stephenson, Nathan L., Straub, Jacob N., Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer, Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A., Uriarte, María, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Whipple, Amy V., Whitham, Thomas G., Wion, Andreas P., Wright, S. Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zywiec, Magdalena, and Clark, James S.

Abstract

The benefits of masting (volatile, quasi-synchronous seed production at lagged intervals) include satiation of seed predators, but these benefits come with a cost to mutualist pollen and seed dispersers. If the evolution of masting represents a balance between these benefits and costs, we expect mast avoidance in species that are heavily reliant on mutualist dispersers. These effects play out in the context of variable climate and site fertility among species that vary widely in nutrient demand. Meta-analyses of published data have focused on variation at the population scale, thus omitting periodicity within trees and synchronicity between trees. From raw data on 12 million tree-years worldwide, we quantified three components of masting that have not previously been analysed together: (i) volatility, defined as the frequency-weighted year-to-year variation; (ii) periodicity, representing the lag between high-seed years; and (iii) synchronicity, indicating the tree-to-tree correlation. Results show that mast avoidance (low volatility and low synchronicity) by species dependent on mutualist dispersers explains more variation than any other effect. Nutrient-demanding species have low volatility, and species that are most common on nutrient-rich and warm/wet sites exhibit short periods. The prevalence of masting in cold/dry sites coincides with climatic conditions where dependence on vertebrate dispersers is less common than in the wet tropics. Mutualist dispersers neutralize the benefits of masting for predator satiation, further balancing the effects of climate, site fertility and nutrient demands.

Published
2023

21. Linking seed size and number to trait syndromes in trees

Author

National Science Foundation (US), Belmont Forum, NASA Astrobiology Institute (US), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, National Science Centre (Poland), Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange, US Forest Service, Bogdziewicz, Michal [0000-0002-6777-9034], Aravena, Marie-Claire [0000-0002-4493-4396], Andrus, Robert [0000-0003-0968-8377], Ascoli, Davide [0000-0002-0546-4467], Bergeron, Yves [0000-0003-3707-3687], Bonal, Raul [0000-0002-6084-1771], Caignard, Thomas [0000-0001-5009-4613], Calama, Rafael [0000-0002-2598-9594], Calderon, Sergio Donoso [0000-0002-4599-4702], Camarero, J Julio [0000-0003-2436-2922], Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao [0000-0003-3635-4946], Cleavitt, Natalie L [0000-0003-0425-2486], Courbaud, Benoit [0000-0002-3050-9559], Curt, Thomas [0000-0002-2654-3009], Davi, Hendrik [0000-0001-8828-3145], Delpierre, Nicolas [0000-0003-0906-9402], Delzon, Sylvain [0000-0003-3442-1711], Dietze, Michael [0000-0002-2324-2518], Dormont, Laurent [0000-0002-2021-0625], Farfan-Rios, William [0000-0002-3196-0317], Gehring, Catherine [0000-0002-9393-9556], Gilbert, Gregory S. [0000-0002-5195-9903], Gratzer, Georg [0000-0002-6355-6562], Greenberg, Cathryn H. [0000-0002-2831-0989], Guignabert, Arthur [0000-0002-1512-6760], Guo,Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Hacket-Pain, Andrew [0000-0003-3676-1568], Hampe, Arndt [0000-0003-2551-9784], Han, Qingmin [0000-0001-6063-6068], Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko [0000-0001-7654-9129], Ibáñez, Inés [0000-0002-1054-0727], Johnstone, Jill F. [0000-0001-6131-9339], Journé, Valentin [0000-0001-7324-7002], Kitzberger, Thomas [0000-0002-9754-4121], Knops, Johannes M. H. [0000-0002-9647-9209], Kunstler, Georges [0000-0002-2544-1940], Kobe, Richard K. [0000-0002-0943-9613], Lageard, Jonathan G. A. [0000-0001-8971-0444], LaMontagne, Jalene M. [0000-0001-7713-8591], Ledwon, Mateusz [0000-0003-3017-6376], Leininger, Theodor [0000-0002-4939-3656], Limousin, Jean-Marc [0000-0002-2734-2495], Lutz, James A. [0000-0002-2560-0710], Moran, Emily [0000-0003-4624-1910], Motta, Renzo [0000-0002-1631-3840], Myers, Jonathan A. [0000-0002-2058-8468], Nagel, Thomas A. [0000-0002-4207-9218], Shoji, N. [0000-0002-0605-4187], Michio Oguro, Mahoko Noguchi [0000-0002-3393-5131], Ourcival, Jean-Marc [0000-0002-3557-3496], Parmenter, Robert [0000-0002-2099-6824], Perez-Ramos, Ignacio M. [0000-0003-2332-7818], Piechnik, Lukasz [0000-0002-3958-7393], Poulsen, John [0000-0002-1532-9808], Qiu, Tong [0000-0003-4499-437X], Redmond, Miranda D. [0000-0002-4657-7943], Reid, Chantal D. [0000-0002-3811-4076], Rodman, Kyle C. [0000-0001-9538-8412], Scher, C. Lane [0000-0003-3689-5769], Seget, Barbara [0000-0002-7872-926X], Silman, Miles [0000-0003-4152-2844], Sun, I-Fang [0000-0001-9749-8324], Sutton, Samantha [0000-0002-1491-7763], Swenson, Jennifer J. [0000-0002-2069-667X], Thomas, Peter A. [0000-0003-3115-3301], Uriarte, Maria [0000-0002-0484-0758], Vacchiano, Giorgio [0000-0001-8100-0659], Veblen, Thomas T. [0000-0002-3037-640X], Wright, Boyd [0000-0002-6322-4904], Wright, S. Joseph [0000-0003-4260-5676], Zhu, Kai [0000-0003-1587-3317], Zimmerman, Jess K. [0000-0002-8179-0731], Zywiec, Magdalena [0000-0002-5992-4051], Bogdziewicz, Michal, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Andrus, Robert, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Brveille, Daniel, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raúl, Caignard, Thomas, Cailleret, Maxime, Calama Sainz, Rafael Argimiro, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao, Chave, Jérôme, Chianucci, F., Cleavitt, Natalie L, Courbaud, Benoit, Cutini, A., Curt, Thomas, Das, Adrian J., Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Dormont, Laurent, Farfan-Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine, Gilbert, Gregory S., Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H., Guignabert, Arthur, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibáñez, Inés, Johnstone, Jill F., Journé, Valentin, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes M. H., Kunstler, Georges, Kobe, Richard K., Lageard, Jonathan G. A., LaMontagne, Jalene M., Ledwon, Mateusz, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lutz, James A., Macías, Diana, McIntire, Eliot J B, Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A., Nagel, Thomas A., Shoji, N., Michio Oguro, Mahoko Noguchi, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel, Piechnik, Lukasz, Poulsen, John, Podgórski, Tomasz, Qiu, Tong, Redmond, Miranda D., Reid, Chantal D., Rodman, Kyle C., Šamonil, Pavel, Holik, Jan, Scher, C. Lane, van Marle, Harald S., Seget, Barbara, Shibata, M., Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A., Straub, Jacob N., Sun, I-Fang, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J., Thomas, Peter A., Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T., Wright, Boyd, Wright, S. Joseph, Whitham, Thomas G., Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zywiec, Magdalena, Clark, James S., National Science Foundation (US), Belmont Forum, NASA Astrobiology Institute (US), Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, National Science Centre (Poland), Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange, US Forest Service, Bogdziewicz, Michal [0000-0002-6777-9034], Aravena, Marie-Claire [0000-0002-4493-4396], Andrus, Robert [0000-0003-0968-8377], Ascoli, Davide [0000-0002-0546-4467], Bergeron, Yves [0000-0003-3707-3687], Bonal, Raul [0000-0002-6084-1771], Caignard, Thomas [0000-0001-5009-4613], Calama, Rafael [0000-0002-2598-9594], Calderon, Sergio Donoso [0000-0002-4599-4702], Camarero, J Julio [0000-0003-2436-2922], Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao [0000-0003-3635-4946], Cleavitt, Natalie L [0000-0003-0425-2486], Courbaud, Benoit [0000-0002-3050-9559], Curt, Thomas [0000-0002-2654-3009], Davi, Hendrik [0000-0001-8828-3145], Delpierre, Nicolas [0000-0003-0906-9402], Delzon, Sylvain [0000-0003-3442-1711], Dietze, Michael [0000-0002-2324-2518], Dormont, Laurent [0000-0002-2021-0625], Farfan-Rios, William [0000-0002-3196-0317], Gehring, Catherine [0000-0002-9393-9556], Gilbert, Gregory S. [0000-0002-5195-9903], Gratzer, Georg [0000-0002-6355-6562], Greenberg, Cathryn H. [0000-0002-2831-0989], Guignabert, Arthur [0000-0002-1512-6760], Guo,Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Hacket-Pain, Andrew [0000-0003-3676-1568], Hampe, Arndt [0000-0003-2551-9784], Han, Qingmin [0000-0001-6063-6068], Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko [0000-0001-7654-9129], Ibáñez, Inés [0000-0002-1054-0727], Johnstone, Jill F. [0000-0001-6131-9339], Journé, Valentin [0000-0001-7324-7002], Kitzberger, Thomas [0000-0002-9754-4121], Knops, Johannes M. H. [0000-0002-9647-9209], Kunstler, Georges [0000-0002-2544-1940], Kobe, Richard K. [0000-0002-0943-9613], Lageard, Jonathan G. A. [0000-0001-8971-0444], LaMontagne, Jalene M. [0000-0001-7713-8591], Ledwon, Mateusz [0000-0003-3017-6376], Leininger, Theodor [0000-0002-4939-3656], Limousin, Jean-Marc [0000-0002-2734-2495], Lutz, James A. [0000-0002-2560-0710], Moran, Emily [0000-0003-4624-1910], Motta, Renzo [0000-0002-1631-3840], Myers, Jonathan A. [0000-0002-2058-8468], Nagel, Thomas A. [0000-0002-4207-9218], Shoji, N. [0000-0002-0605-4187], Michio Oguro, Mahoko Noguchi [0000-0002-3393-5131], Ourcival, Jean-Marc [0000-0002-3557-3496], Parmenter, Robert [0000-0002-2099-6824], Perez-Ramos, Ignacio M. [0000-0003-2332-7818], Piechnik, Lukasz [0000-0002-3958-7393], Poulsen, John [0000-0002-1532-9808], Qiu, Tong [0000-0003-4499-437X], Redmond, Miranda D. [0000-0002-4657-7943], Reid, Chantal D. [0000-0002-3811-4076], Rodman, Kyle C. [0000-0001-9538-8412], Scher, C. Lane [0000-0003-3689-5769], Seget, Barbara [0000-0002-7872-926X], Silman, Miles [0000-0003-4152-2844], Sun, I-Fang [0000-0001-9749-8324], Sutton, Samantha [0000-0002-1491-7763], Swenson, Jennifer J. [0000-0002-2069-667X], Thomas, Peter A. [0000-0003-3115-3301], Uriarte, Maria [0000-0002-0484-0758], Vacchiano, Giorgio [0000-0001-8100-0659], Veblen, Thomas T. [0000-0002-3037-640X], Wright, Boyd [0000-0002-6322-4904], Wright, S. Joseph [0000-0003-4260-5676], Zhu, Kai [0000-0003-1587-3317], Zimmerman, Jess K. [0000-0002-8179-0731], Zywiec, Magdalena [0000-0002-5992-4051], Bogdziewicz, Michal, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Andrus, Robert, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Brveille, Daniel, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raúl, Caignard, Thomas, Cailleret, Maxime, Calama Sainz, Rafael Argimiro, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao, Chave, Jérôme, Chianucci, F., Cleavitt, Natalie L, Courbaud, Benoit, Cutini, A., Curt, Thomas, Das, Adrian J., Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Dormont, Laurent, Farfan-Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine, Gilbert, Gregory S., Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H., Guignabert, Arthur, Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibáñez, Inés, Johnstone, Jill F., Journé, Valentin, Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes M. H., Kunstler, Georges, Kobe, Richard K., Lageard, Jonathan G. A., LaMontagne, Jalene M., Ledwon, Mateusz, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean-Marc, Lutz, James A., Macías, Diana, McIntire, Eliot J B, Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A., Nagel, Thomas A., Shoji, N., Michio Oguro, Mahoko Noguchi, Kurokawa, Hiroko, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel, Piechnik, Lukasz, Poulsen, John, Podgórski, Tomasz, Qiu, Tong, Redmond, Miranda D., Reid, Chantal D., Rodman, Kyle C., Šamonil, Pavel, Holik, Jan, Scher, C. Lane, van Marle, Harald S., Seget, Barbara, Shibata, M., Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A., Straub, Jacob N., Sun, I-Fang, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer J., Thomas, Peter A., Uriarte, Maria, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T., Wright, Boyd, Wright, S. Joseph, Whitham, Thomas G., Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zywiec, Magdalena, and Clark, James S.

Abstract

Aim Our understanding of the mechanisms that maintain forest diversity under changing climate can benefit from knowledge about traits that are closely linked to fitness. We tested whether the link between traits and seed number and seed size is consistent with two hypotheses, termed the leaf economics spectrum and the plant size syndrome, or whether reproduction represents an independent dimension related to a seed size–seed number trade-off. Location Most of the data come from Europe, North and Central America and East Asia. A minority of the data come from South America, Africa and Australia. Time period 1960–2022. Major taxa studied Trees. Methods We gathered 12 million observations of the number of seeds produced in 784 tree species. We estimated the number of seeds produced by individual trees and scaled it up to the species level. Next, we used principal components analysis and generalized joint attribute modelling (GJAM) to map seed number and size on the tree traits spectrum. Results Incorporating seed size and number into trait analysis while controlling for environment and phylogeny with GJAM exposes relationships in trees that might otherwise remain hidden. Production of the large total biomass of seeds [product of seed number and seed size; hereafter, species seed productivity (SSP)] is associated with high leaf area, low foliar nitrogen, low specific leaf area (SLA) and dense wood. Production of high seed numbers is associated with small seeds produced by nutrient-demanding species with softwood, small leaves and high SLA. Trait covariation is consistent with opposing strategies: one fast-growing, early successional, with high dispersal, and the other slow-growing, stress-tolerant, that recruit in shaded conditions. Main conclusions Earth system models currently assume that reproductive allocation is indifferent among plant functional types. Easily measurable seed size is a strong predictor of the seed number and species seed productivity. The connectio

Published
2023

22. Limits of thermal and hydrological tolerance in a foundation tree species (Populus fremontii) in the desert southwestern United States

Author

Moran, Madeline E., primary, Aparecido, Luiza M. T., additional, Koepke, Dan F., additional, Cooper, Hillary F., additional, Doughty, Christopher E., additional, Gehring, Catherine A., additional, Throop, Heather L., additional, Whitham, Thomas G., additional, Allan, Gerard J., additional, and Hultine, Kevin R., additional

Published
2023
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38. Trajectories and tipping points of piñon–juniper woodlands after fire and thinning.

Author

Phillips, Michala L., Lauria, Cara, Spector, Tova, Bradford, John B., Gehring, Catherine, Osborne, Brooke B., Howell, Armin, Grote, Edmund E., Rondeau, Renee J., Trimber, Gillian M., Robinson, Benjamin, and Reed, Sasha C.

Subjects
FIRE management, CRUST vegetation, FORESTS & forestry, PLANT communities, BONSAI, VAPOR pressure, FOREST fires
Abstract

Piñon–juniper (PJ) woodlands are a dominant community type across the Intermountain West, comprising over a million acres and experiencing critical effects from increasing wildfire. Large PJ mortality and regeneration failure after catastrophic wildfire have elevated concerns about the long‐term viability of PJ woodlands. Thinning is increasingly used to safeguard forests from fire and in an attempt to increase climate resilience. We have only a limited understanding of how fire and thinning will affect the structure and function of PJ ecosystems. Here, we examined vegetation structure, microclimate conditions, and PJ regeneration dynamics following ~20 years post‐fire and thinning treatments. We found that burned areas had undergone a state shift that did not show signs of returning to their previous state. This shift was characterized by (1) distinct plant community composition dominated by grasses; (2) a lack of PJ recruitment; (3) a decrease in the sizes of interspaces in between plants; (4) lower abundance of late successional biological soil crusts; (5) lower mean and minimum daily soil moisture values; (6) lower minimum daily vapor pressure deficit; and (7) higher photosynthetically active radiation. Thinning created distinct plant communities and served as an intermediate between intact and burned communities. More intensive thinning decreased PJ recruitment and late successional biocrust cover. Our results indicate that fire has the potential to create drier and more stressful microsite conditions, and that, in the absence of active management following fire, there may be shifts to persistent ecological states dominated by grasses. Additionally, more intensive thinning had a larger impact on community structure and recruitment than less intensive thinning, suggesting that careful consideration of goals could help avoid unintended consequences. While our results indicate the vulnerability of PJ ecosystems to fire, they also highlight management actions that could be adapted to create conditions that promote PJ re‐establishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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40. Limits to reproduction and seed size-number trade-offs that shape forest dominance and future recovery

Author

National Science Foundation (US), Belmont Forum, NASA Specialized Center of Research and Training, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, National Science Centre (Poland), US Forest Service, Qiu, Tong [0000-0003-4499-437X], Andrus, Robert [0000-0003-0968-8377], Aravena, Marie-Claire [0000-0002-4493-4396], Ascoli, Davide [0000-0002-0546-4467], Bergeron, Yves [0000-0003-3707-3687], Berretti, Roberta 0000-0002-1944-8855][, Berveiller, Daniel [0000-0001-7461-6420], Bogdziewicz, Michal [0000-0002-6777-9034], Bonal, Raúl [0000-0002-6084-1771], Bragg, Don C. [0000-0002-5207-8606], Caignard, Thomas [0000-0001-5009-4613], Calama, Rafael [0000-0002-2598-9594], Camarero, J. Julio [0000-0003-2436-2922], Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao [0000-0003-3635-4946], Cleavitt, Natalie L [0000-0003-0425-2486], Courbaud, Benoit [0000-0002-3050-9559], Courbet, François [0000-0002-9438-6746], Curt, Thomas [0000-0002-2654-3009], Adrian, Das [0000-0002-3937-2616], Daskalakou, Evangelia [0000-0002-5190-1023], Davi, Hendrik [0000-0001-8828-3145], Delpierre, Nicolas [0000-0003-0906-9402], Delzon, Sylvain [0000-0003-3442-1711], Dietze, Michael [0000-0002-2324-2518], Calderon, Sergio Donoso [0000-0002-4599-4702], Dormont, Laurent [0000-0002-2021-0625], Espelta, Josep Maria [0000-0002-0242-4988], Fahey, Timothy J [0000-0003-1283-1162], Farfan-Rios, William [0000-0002-3196-0317], Gehring, Catherine A. [0000-0002-9393-9556], Gilbert, Gregory S. [0000-0002-5195-9903], Gratzer, Georg [0000-0002-6355-6562], Greenberg, Cathryn H. [0000-0002-2831-0989], Guo,Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Hacket-Pain, Andrew [0000-0003-3676-1568], Hampe, Arndt [0000-0003-2551-9784], Han, Qingmin [0000-0001-6063-6068], Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko [0000-0001-7654-9129], Ibáñez, Inés[0000-0002-1054-0727], Johnstone, Jill F. [0000-0001-6131-9339], Journé, Valentin [0000-0001-7324-7002], Kabeya, Daisuke [0000-0002-3420-199X], Kilner, Christopher L. [0000-0001-8808-8868], Kitzberger, Thomas [0000-0002-9754-4121], Knops, Johannes M.H. [0000-0002-9647-9209], Kobe, Richard K. [0000-0002-0943-9613], Kunstler, Georges [0000-0002-2544-1940], Lageard, Jonathan G. A. [0000-0001-8971-0444], LaMontagne, Jalene M. [0000-0001-7713-8591], Ledwon, Mateusz [0000-0003-3017-6376], Lefèvre, François [0000-0003-2242-7251], Leininger, Theodor [0000-0002-4939-3656], Limousin, Jean-Marc [0000-0002-2734-2495], Lutz, James A. [0000-0002-2560-0710], McIntire, Eliot J B [0000-0002-6914-8316], Moran, Emily [0000-0003-4624-1910], Motta, Renzo [0000-0002-1631-3840], Myers, Jonathan A. [0000-0002-2058-8468], Nagel, Thomas A. [0000-0002-4207-9218], Ourcival, Jean-Marc [0000-0002-3557-3496], Parmenter, Robert [0000-0002-2099-6824], Pearse, Ian S. [0000-0001-7098-0495], Perez-Ramos, Ignacio M [0000-0003-2332-7818], Piechnik, Lukasz [0000-0002-3958-7393], Poulsen, John [0000-0002-1532-9808], Poulton-Kamakura, Renata [0000-0002-2516-8702], Redmond, Miranda D. [0000-0002-4657-7943], Reid, Chantal D. [0000-0002-3811-4076], Rodman, Kyle C. [0000-0001-9538-8412], Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco [0000-0002-7981-1599], Schlesinger, William H [0000-0002-1391-0885], Seget, Barbara [0000-0002-7872-926X], Silman, Miles [0000-0003-4152-2844], Stephenson, Nathan L [0000-0003-0208-7229], Sun, I-Fang [0000-0001-9749-8324], Sutton, Samantha [0000-0002-1491-7763], Swenson, Jennifer [0000-0002-2069-667X], Thomas, Peter A. [0000-0003-3115-3301], Uriarte, María [0000-0002-0484-0758], Vacchiano, Giorgio [0000-0001-8100-0659], Veblen, Thomas T. [0000-0002-3037-640X], Wion, Andreas P. [0000-0002-0701-2843], Wright, Boyd [0000-0002-6322-4904], Wright, S. Joseph [0000-0003-4260-5676], Zimmerman, Jess K. [0000-0002-8179-0731], Zhu, Kai [0000-0003-1587-3317], Zywiec, Magdalena [0000-0002-5992-4051], Qiu, Tong, Andrus, Robert, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Berretti, Roberta, Berveiller, Daniel, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raúl, Bragg, Don C., Lutz, James A., Macías, Diana, McIntire, Eliot J B, Moore, Christopher M., Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A., Nagel, Thomas A., Noguchi, Kyotaro, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian S., Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel, Piechnik, Lukasz, Poulsen, John, Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, Redmond, Miranda D., Reid, Chantal D., Rodman, Kyle C., Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco, Sanguinetti, Javier D., Schlesinger, William H., Schmidt Van Marle, Harald, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A., Stephenson, Nathan L., Straub, Jacob N., Sun, I-Fang, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer, Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A., Uriarte, María, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T., Whipple, Amy V., Whitham, Thomas G., Wion, Andreas P., Wright, Boyd, Wright, S. Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zlotin, Roman, Zywiec, Magdalena, Clark, James S., Scher, C. Lane, Caignard, Thomas, Calama Sainz, Rafael Argimiro, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao, Cleavitt, Natalie L, Courbaud, Benoit, Courbet, François, Curt, Thomas, Das, Adrian J., Daskalakou, Evangelia, Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep Maria, Fahey, Timothy J., Farfan-Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine, Gilbert, Gregory S., Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H., Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Hille Ris Lambers, Janneke, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibáñez, Inés, Johnstone, Jill F., Journé, Valentin, Kabeya, Daisuke, Kilner, Christopher L., Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes M. H., Kobe, Richard K., Kunstler, Georges, Lageard, Jonathan G. A., LaMontagne, Jalene M., Ledwon, Mateusz, Lefèvre, François, Leininger, Theodor, Limousin, Jean-Marc, National Science Foundation (US), Belmont Forum, NASA Specialized Center of Research and Training, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, National Science Centre (Poland), US Forest Service, Qiu, Tong [0000-0003-4499-437X], Andrus, Robert [0000-0003-0968-8377], Aravena, Marie-Claire [0000-0002-4493-4396], Ascoli, Davide [0000-0002-0546-4467], Bergeron, Yves [0000-0003-3707-3687], Berretti, Roberta 0000-0002-1944-8855][, Berveiller, Daniel [0000-0001-7461-6420], Bogdziewicz, Michal [0000-0002-6777-9034], Bonal, Raúl [0000-0002-6084-1771], Bragg, Don C. [0000-0002-5207-8606], Caignard, Thomas [0000-0001-5009-4613], Calama, Rafael [0000-0002-2598-9594], Camarero, J. Julio [0000-0003-2436-2922], Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao [0000-0003-3635-4946], Cleavitt, Natalie L [0000-0003-0425-2486], Courbaud, Benoit [0000-0002-3050-9559], Courbet, François [0000-0002-9438-6746], Curt, Thomas [0000-0002-2654-3009], Adrian, Das [0000-0002-3937-2616], Daskalakou, Evangelia [0000-0002-5190-1023], Davi, Hendrik [0000-0001-8828-3145], Delpierre, Nicolas [0000-0003-0906-9402], Delzon, Sylvain [0000-0003-3442-1711], Dietze, Michael [0000-0002-2324-2518], Calderon, Sergio Donoso [0000-0002-4599-4702], Dormont, Laurent [0000-0002-2021-0625], Espelta, Josep Maria [0000-0002-0242-4988], Fahey, Timothy J [0000-0003-1283-1162], Farfan-Rios, William [0000-0002-3196-0317], Gehring, Catherine A. [0000-0002-9393-9556], Gilbert, Gregory S. [0000-0002-5195-9903], Gratzer, Georg [0000-0002-6355-6562], Greenberg, Cathryn H. [0000-0002-2831-0989], Guo,Qinfeng [0000-0002-4375-4916], Hacket-Pain, Andrew [0000-0003-3676-1568], Hampe, Arndt [0000-0003-2551-9784], Han, Qingmin [0000-0001-6063-6068], Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko [0000-0001-7654-9129], Ibáñez, Inés[0000-0002-1054-0727], Johnstone, Jill F. [0000-0001-6131-9339], Journé, Valentin [0000-0001-7324-7002], Kabeya, Daisuke [0000-0002-3420-199X], Kilner, Christopher L. [0000-0001-8808-8868], Kitzberger, Thomas [0000-0002-9754-4121], Knops, Johannes M.H. [0000-0002-9647-9209], Kobe, Richard K. [0000-0002-0943-9613], Kunstler, Georges [0000-0002-2544-1940], Lageard, Jonathan G. A. [0000-0001-8971-0444], LaMontagne, Jalene M. [0000-0001-7713-8591], Ledwon, Mateusz [0000-0003-3017-6376], Lefèvre, François [0000-0003-2242-7251], Leininger, Theodor [0000-0002-4939-3656], Limousin, Jean-Marc [0000-0002-2734-2495], Lutz, James A. [0000-0002-2560-0710], McIntire, Eliot J B [0000-0002-6914-8316], Moran, Emily [0000-0003-4624-1910], Motta, Renzo [0000-0002-1631-3840], Myers, Jonathan A. [0000-0002-2058-8468], Nagel, Thomas A. [0000-0002-4207-9218], Ourcival, Jean-Marc [0000-0002-3557-3496], Parmenter, Robert [0000-0002-2099-6824], Pearse, Ian S. [0000-0001-7098-0495], Perez-Ramos, Ignacio M [0000-0003-2332-7818], Piechnik, Lukasz [0000-0002-3958-7393], Poulsen, John [0000-0002-1532-9808], Poulton-Kamakura, Renata [0000-0002-2516-8702], Redmond, Miranda D. [0000-0002-4657-7943], Reid, Chantal D. [0000-0002-3811-4076], Rodman, Kyle C. [0000-0001-9538-8412], Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco [0000-0002-7981-1599], Schlesinger, William H [0000-0002-1391-0885], Seget, Barbara [0000-0002-7872-926X], Silman, Miles [0000-0003-4152-2844], Stephenson, Nathan L [0000-0003-0208-7229], Sun, I-Fang [0000-0001-9749-8324], Sutton, Samantha [0000-0002-1491-7763], Swenson, Jennifer [0000-0002-2069-667X], Thomas, Peter A. [0000-0003-3115-3301], Uriarte, María [0000-0002-0484-0758], Vacchiano, Giorgio [0000-0001-8100-0659], Veblen, Thomas T. [0000-0002-3037-640X], Wion, Andreas P. [0000-0002-0701-2843], Wright, Boyd [0000-0002-6322-4904], Wright, S. Joseph [0000-0003-4260-5676], Zimmerman, Jess K. [0000-0002-8179-0731], Zhu, Kai [0000-0003-1587-3317], Zywiec, Magdalena [0000-0002-5992-4051], Qiu, Tong, Andrus, Robert, Aravena, Marie-Claire, Ascoli, Davide, Bergeron, Yves, Berretti, Roberta, Berveiller, Daniel, Bogdziewicz, Michal, Boivin, Thomas, Bonal, Raúl, Bragg, Don C., Lutz, James A., Macías, Diana, McIntire, Eliot J B, Moore, Christopher M., Moran, Emily, Motta, Renzo, Myers, Jonathan A., Nagel, Thomas A., Noguchi, Kyotaro, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, Parmenter, Robert, Pearse, Ian S., Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel, Piechnik, Lukasz, Poulsen, John, Poulton-Kamakura, Renata, Redmond, Miranda D., Reid, Chantal D., Rodman, Kyle C., Rodríguez-Sánchez, Francisco, Sanguinetti, Javier D., Schlesinger, William H., Schmidt Van Marle, Harald, Seget, Barbara, Sharma, Shubhi, Silman, Miles, Steele, Michael A., Stephenson, Nathan L., Straub, Jacob N., Sun, I-Fang, Sutton, Samantha, Swenson, Jennifer, Swift, Margaret, Thomas, Peter A., Uriarte, María, Vacchiano, Giorgio, Veblen, Thomas T., Whipple, Amy V., Whitham, Thomas G., Wion, Andreas P., Wright, Boyd, Wright, S. Joseph, Zhu, Kai, Zimmerman, Jess K., Zlotin, Roman, Zywiec, Magdalena, Clark, James S., Scher, C. Lane, Caignard, Thomas, Calama Sainz, Rafael Argimiro, Camarero, Jesús Julio, Chang-Yang, Chia-Hao, Cleavitt, Natalie L, Courbaud, Benoit, Courbet, François, Curt, Thomas, Das, Adrian J., Daskalakou, Evangelia, Davi, Hendrik, Delpierre, Nicolas, Delzon, Sylvain, Dietze, Michael, Calderon, Sergio Donoso, Dormont, Laurent, Espelta, Josep Maria, Fahey, Timothy J., Farfan-Rios, William, Gehring, Catherine, Gilbert, Gregory S., Gratzer, Georg, Greenberg, Cathryn H., Guo, Qinfeng, Hacket-Pain, Andrew, Hampe, Arndt, Han, Qingmin, Hille Ris Lambers, Janneke, Hoshizaki, Kazuhiko, Ibáñez, Inés, Johnstone, Jill F., Journé, Valentin, Kabeya, Daisuke, Kilner, Christopher L., Kitzberger, Thomas, Knops, Johannes M. H., Kobe, Richard K., Kunstler, Georges, Lageard, Jonathan G. A., LaMontagne, Jalene M., Ledwon, Mateusz, Lefèvre, François, Leininger, Theodor, and Limousin, Jean-Marc

Abstract

The relationships that control seed production in trees are fundamental to understanding the evolution of forest species and their capacity to recover from increasing losses to drought, fire, and harvest. A synthesis of fecundity data from 714 species worldwide allowed us to examine hypotheses that are central to quantifying reproduction, a foundation for assessing fitness in forest trees. Four major findings emerged. First, seed production is not constrained by a strict trade-off between seed size and numbers. Instead, seed numbers vary over ten orders of magnitude, with species that invest in large seeds producing more seeds than expected from the 1:1 trade-off. Second, gymnosperms have lower seed production than angiosperms, potentially due to their extra investments in protective woody cones. Third, nutrient-demanding species, indicated by high foliar phosphorus concentrations, have low seed production. Finally, sensitivity of individual species to soil fertility varies widely, limiting the response of community seed production to fertility gradients. In combination, these findings can inform models of forest response that need to incorporate reproductive potential.

Published
2022

43. Postrestoration colonization suggests slow regeneration, plant translocation barriers, and other host/symbiont lessons during the United Nations' Decade on Ecosystem Restoration

Author

Markovchick, Lisa M., primary, Schaefer, Elena A., additional, Deringer, Tessa, additional, Kovacs, Zsuzsi I., additional, Deckert, Ron J., additional, Yazzie, Jamie, additional, Dixit, Aalap, additional, Propster, Jeffrey R., additional, Patterson, Adair, additional, Hultine, Kevin R., additional, Grady, Kevin, additional, Allan, Gerard J., additional, Whitham, Thomas G., additional, and Gehring, Catherine A., additional

Published
2023
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44. Microevolutionary Processes in a Foundation Tree Inform Macrosystem Patterns of Community Biodiversity and Structure

Author

Bothwell, Helen M., primary, Keith, Arthur R., additional, Cooper, Hillary F., additional, Hull, Julia B., additional, Andrews, Lela V., additional, Wehenkel, Christian, additional, Hultine, Kevin R., additional, Gehring, Catherine A., additional, Cushman, Samuel A., additional, Whitham, Thomas G., additional, and Allan, Gerard J., additional

Published
2023
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47. The gap between mycorrhizal science and application: existence, origins, and relevance during the United Nation's Decade on Ecosystem Restoration

Author

Achievement Rewards for College Scientists Foundation, Northern Arizona University, National Science Foundation (US), Querejeta, José Ignacio [0000-0002-9547-0974], Markovchick, Lisa M., Carrasco-Denney, Vanessa, Sharma, Jyotsna, Querejeta Mercader, José Ignacio, Gibson, Kara Skye, Swaty, Randy, Uhey, Derek A., Belgara-Andrew, Abril, Kovacs, Zsuzsi I., Johnson, Nancy C., Whitham, Thomas G., Gehring, Catherine A., Achievement Rewards for College Scientists Foundation, Northern Arizona University, National Science Foundation (US), Querejeta, José Ignacio [0000-0002-9547-0974], Markovchick, Lisa M., Carrasco-Denney, Vanessa, Sharma, Jyotsna, Querejeta Mercader, José Ignacio, Gibson, Kara Skye, Swaty, Randy, Uhey, Derek A., Belgara-Andrew, Abril, Kovacs, Zsuzsi I., Johnson, Nancy C., Whitham, Thomas G., and Gehring, Catherine A.

Abstract

During the United Nation's Decade on Ecosystem Restoration, planting material shortages are constraining restoration, while climate change exacerbates the need for restoration and reduces recruitment. Concurrently, research shows that native mycorrhizal fungi (symbiotic with plant roots) appropriate to plant provenance and site conditions significantly accelerate restoration, support crucial ecosystem services, and provide natural climate solutions (sequestering carbon), and nature-based solutions for climate change (climate adaptation). We reviewed 130 management plans for natural areas in the United States to evaluate whether restoring native mycorrhizal communities has translated into implementation. Although management plans frequently discussed the ecosystem services mycorrhizal fungi provide, nearly one half (46%) viewed fungi solely as pathogens or ignored them altogether. Only 8% of plans mentioned mycorrhizal fungi. Only one plan mentioned that mycorrhizae were potentially helpful to natural regeneration, while one other mentioned utilizing soil as a restoration tool. Our examination of publicly available data and case studies suggests that relatively meager protections for fungi, limited research funding and resulting data, research difficulty, and limited access to mycology experts and training contribute to this gap between science and implementation. A database of literature showcasing mycorrhizal ecosystem services and benefits is provided to highlight when and why mycorrhizae should be considered in management, regeneration, and restoration. Three action items are recommended to safeguard native mycorrhizal fungal communities and accelerate restoration and regeneration. Ten implementation tips based in scientific literature are provided to clarify the need and methods for mycorrhizal restoration

Published
2023

49. The gap between mycorrhizal science and application: existence, origins, and relevance during the United Nation's Decade on Ecosystem Restoration

Author

Markovchick, Lisa M., primary, Carrasco‐Denney, Vanessa, additional, Sharma, Jyotsna, additional, Querejeta, José Ignacio, additional, Gibson, Kara Skye, additional, Swaty, Randy, additional, Uhey, Derek A., additional, Belgara‐Andrew, Abril, additional, Kovacs, Zsuzsi I., additional, Johnson, Nancy C., additional, Whitham, Thomas G., additional, and Gehring, Catherine A., additional

Published
2023
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50. Author Correction: Evolutionary history of plant hosts and fungal symbionts predicts the strength of mycorrhizal mutualism

Author

Hoeksema, Jason D., Bever, James D., Chakraborty, Sounak, Chaudhary, V. Bala, Gardes, Monique, Gehring, Catherine A., Hart, Miranda M., Housworth, Elizabeth Ann, Kaonongbua, Wittaya, Klironomos, John N., Lajeunesse, Marc J., Meadow, James, Milligan, Brook G., Piculell, Bridget J., Pringle, Anne, Rúa, Megan A., Umbanhowar, James, Viechtbauer, Wolfgang, Wang, Yen-Wen, Wilson, Gail W. T., and Zee, Peter C.

Published
2018
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