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1. Review of particle physics

Author

Eidelman, S, Hayes, KG, Olive, KA, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barnett, RM, Beringer, J, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, JL, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Mönig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Törnqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Zyla, PA, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Harper, G, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, MA, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, HJ, Gerbier, G, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Höhler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, and Karlen, D

Subjects
Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Mathematical Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1726 new measurements from 512 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 119 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mixing, CP violation in K, D, and B mesons, Vcb, the new exotic Θ(1540) particle, extra-dimensions, grand unified theories, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions ofsome of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http//pdg.lbl.gov. ©2004 Regents of the University of California.

Published
2004

2. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Group, Particle Data, Eidelman, S, Hayes, KG, Olive, KA, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barnett, RM, Beringer, J, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, S, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, JL, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Mönig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Törnqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, W-M, Zyla, PA, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Harper, G, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, MA, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, H-J, Gerbier, G, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Höhler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, and Johnson, KF

Subjects
Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1726 new measurements from 512 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 119 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mixing, CP violation in K, D, and B mesons, Vcb, the new exotic Θ(1540) particle, extra-dimensions, grand unified theories, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions ofsome of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http//pdg.lbl.gov. ©2004 Regents of the University of California.

Published
2004

3. Review of Particle Physics: Particle data group

Author

Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, JL, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hayes, KG, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Honscheid, K, Kolda, C, Mangano, ML, Manley, DM, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Mönig, K, Murayama, H, Navas, S, Olive, KA, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Terning, J, Törnqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Artuso, M, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cousins, RD, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fassó, A, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Höhler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Klein, SR, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, IG, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, YV, Landua, R, Langacker, P, Littenberg, L, and Martin, AD

Subjects
Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2205 new measurements from 667 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. This edition features expanded coverage of CP violation in B mesons and of neutrino oscillations. For the first time we cover searches for evidence of extra dimensions (both in the particle listings and in a new review). Another new review is on Grand Unified Theories. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.lbl.gov.

Published
2002

4. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Caso, C, Conforto, G, Gurtu, A, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, JL, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Hagiwara, K, Hayes, KG, Hernandez, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, James, F, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Olive, KA, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Schindler, RH, Shrock, RE, Tanabashi, M, Tornqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Armstrong, B, Casas Serradilla, JL, Filimonov, BB, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, SB, Mankov, S, Nicholson, F, Babu, KS, Besson, D, Biebel, O, Cahn, RN, Crawford, RL, Dalitz, RH, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fasso, A, Fetscher, W, Froidevaux, D, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Geer, S, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Hohler, G, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, IG, Kolda, C, Kreitz, P, Langacker, P, Landua, R, Littenberg, L, Manley, DM, March-Russell, J, Nakada, T, Quinn, H, Raffelt, G, Renk, B, Ronan, MT, Rosenberg, LJ, Schmitt, M, Schramm, DN, Scott, D, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, GF, Spanier, S, Srednicki, M, Stanev, T, Suzuki, T, Tkachenko, NP, and Valencia, G

Subjects
Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Published
1998

5. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Barnett, RM, Carone, CD, Groom, DE, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Wagman, GS, James, F, Mangano, M, Mönig, K, Montanet, L, Feng, JL, Murayama, H, Hernández, JJ, Manohar, A, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Caso, C, Crawford, RL, Roos, M, Törnqvist, NA, Hayes, KG, Hagiwara, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Olive, K, Honscheid, K, Burchat, PR, Shrock, RE, Eidelman, S, Schindler, RH, Gurtu, A, Hikasa, K, Conforto, G, Workman, RL, Grab, C, and Amsler, C

Subjects
Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract

This biennial review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1900 new measurements from 700 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. © 1996 The American Physical Society.

Published
1996

6. PARTICLE PHYSICS SUMMARY A Digest of the 1996 Review of Particle Physics

Author

Barnett, RM, Carone, CD, Groom, DE, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Wagman, GS, James, F, Mangano, M, Mönig, K, Montanet, L, Feng, JL, Murayama, H, Hernández, JJ, Manohar, A, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Caso, C, Crawford, RL, Roos, M, Törnqvist, NA, Hayes, KG, Hagiwara, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Olive, K, Honscheid, K, Burchat, PR, Shrock, RE, Eidelman, S, Schindler, RH, Gurtu, A, Hikasa, K, Conforto, G, Workman, RL, Grab, C, and Amsler, C

Subjects
Physical Sciences, Fluids & Plasmas, Chemical sciences, Engineering, Physical sciences
Published
1996

7. Review of particle physics

Author

Eidelman, S, Hayes, KG, Olive, KA, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barnett, RM, Beringer, J, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, JL, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernández-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Mönig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Törnqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Zyla, PA, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Harper, G, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, MA, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, HJ, Gerbier, G, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Höhler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, and Karlen, D

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Molecular, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Mathematical Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Mathematical Sciences
Abstract

The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,873 new measurements from 758 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 118 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Neutrinos in Cosmology.Starting with this edition, the Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and all review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings. Review articles that were previously part of the Listings are now included in volume 1.The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (http://pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is also available.The 2018 edition of the Review of Particle Physics should be cited as: M. Tanabashi (Particle Data Group), Phys. Rev. D 98, 030001 (2018).

Published
2016

8. Review of Particle Properties

Author

Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, R, Burchat, P, Carone, C, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, J, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, D, Gurtu, A, Hayes, K, Hernandez-Rey, J, Honscheid, K, Kolda, C, Mangano, M, Manley, D, Manohar, A, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Navas, S, Olive, K, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Terning, J, Tornqvist, N, Trippe, T, Vogel, P, Wohl, C, Workman, R, Yao, W, Armstrong, B, Gee, P, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, S, Lugovsky, V, Artuso, M, Asner, D, Babu, K, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, R, Cattai, A, Chivukula, R, Cousins, R, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, R, Edwards, D, Elvira, V, Erler, J, Ezhela, V, Fasso, A, Fetscher, W, Fields, B, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, T, Garren, L, Gerber, H, Gilman, F, Haber, H, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, C, Hohler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, J, Johnson, K, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Klein, S, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, I, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, Y, Landua, R, Langacker, P, Littenberg, L, Martin, A, Nakada, T, Narain, M, Nason, P, Peacock, J, Quinn, H, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Razuvaev, E, Renk, B, Rolandi, L, Ronan, M, Rosenberg, L, Sachrajda, C, Sanda, A, Sarkar, S, Schmitt, M, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, W, Shaevitz, M, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, G, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Spooner, N, Srednicki, M, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Suzuki, M, Tkachenko, N, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Vincter, M, Ward, D, Webber, B, Whalley, M, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, C, Zenin, O, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Feng, JL, Groom, DE, Hayes, KG, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Mangano, ML, Manley, DM, Manohar, AV, Olive, KA, Tornqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Babu, KS, Cahn, RN, Chivukula, RS, Cousins, RD, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Ezhela, VV, Fields, BD, Gaisser, TK, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hogan, CJ, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Klein, SR, Knowles, IG, Kuyanov, YV, Martin, AD, Peacock, JA, Quinn, HR, Razuvaev, EA, Ronan, MT, Rosenberg, LJ, Sachrajda, CT, Sanda, AI, Seligman, WG, Shaevitz, MH, Smoot, GF, Spooner, NJC, Tkachenko, NP, Vincter, MG, Ward, DP, Webber, BR, Woody, CL, Zenin, OV, Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, R, Burchat, P, Carone, C, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, J, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, D, Gurtu, A, Hayes, K, Hernandez-Rey, J, Honscheid, K, Kolda, C, Mangano, M, Manley, D, Manohar, A, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Navas, S, Olive, K, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Terning, J, Tornqvist, N, Trippe, T, Vogel, P, Wohl, C, Workman, R, Yao, W, Armstrong, B, Gee, P, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, S, Lugovsky, V, Artuso, M, Asner, D, Babu, K, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, R, Cattai, A, Chivukula, R, Cousins, R, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, R, Edwards, D, Elvira, V, Erler, J, Ezhela, V, Fasso, A, Fetscher, W, Fields, B, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, T, Garren, L, Gerber, H, Gilman, F, Haber, H, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, C, Hohler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, J, Johnson, K, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Klein, S, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, I, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, Y, Landua, R, Langacker, P, Littenberg, L, Martin, A, Nakada, T, Narain, M, Nason, P, Peacock, J, Quinn, H, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Razuvaev, E, Renk, B, Rolandi, L, Ronan, M, Rosenberg, L, Sachrajda, C, Sanda, A, Sarkar, S, Schmitt, M, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, W, Shaevitz, M, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, G, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Spooner, N, Srednicki, M, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Suzuki, M, Tkachenko, N, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Vincter, M, Ward, D, Webber, B, Whalley, M, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, C, Zenin, O, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Feng, JL, Groom, DE, Hayes, KG, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Mangano, ML, Manley, DM, Manohar, AV, Olive, KA, Tornqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Babu, KS, Cahn, RN, Chivukula, RS, Cousins, RD, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Ezhela, VV, Fields, BD, Gaisser, TK, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hogan, CJ, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Klein, SR, Knowles, IG, Kuyanov, YV, Martin, AD, Peacock, JA, Quinn, HR, Razuvaev, EA, Ronan, MT, Rosenberg, LJ, Sachrajda, CT, Sanda, AI, Seligman, WG, Shaevitz, MH, Smoot, GF, Spooner, NJC, Tkachenko, NP, Vincter, MG, Ward, DP, Webber, BR, Woody, CL, and Zenin, OV

Abstract

This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics Using data from previous editions, plus 2205 new measurements from 667 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics This edition features expanded coverage of CP violation in B mesons and of neutrino oscillations For the first time we cover searches for evidence of extra dimensions (both in the particle listings and in a new review) Another new review is on Grand Unified Theories A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website http //pdg 1b1 gov

Published
2002

9. Particle physics summary

Author

Barnett, RM, Barnett, RM, Carone, CD, Groom, DE, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Wagman, GS, James, F, Mangano, M, Monig, K, Montanet, L, Feng, JL, Murayama, H, Hernandez, JJ, Manohar, A, AguilarBenitez, M, Caso, C, Crawford, RL, Roos, M, Tornqvist, NA, Hayes, KG, Hagiwara, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Olive, K, Honscheid, K, Burchat, PR, Shrock, RE, Eidelman, S, Schindler, RH, Gurtu, A, HIkasa, K, Conforto, G, Workman, RL, Grab, C, Amsler, C, Barnett, RM, Barnett, RM, Carone, CD, Groom, DE, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Wagman, GS, James, F, Mangano, M, Monig, K, Montanet, L, Feng, JL, Murayama, H, Hernandez, JJ, Manohar, A, AguilarBenitez, M, Caso, C, Crawford, RL, Roos, M, Tornqvist, NA, Hayes, KG, Hagiwara, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Olive, K, Honscheid, K, Burchat, PR, Shrock, RE, Eidelman, S, Schindler, RH, Gurtu, A, HIkasa, K, Conforto, G, Workman, RL, Grab, C, and Amsler, C

Published
1996

10. Anthracyclines. X. The enantiospecific synthesis of (–)-(7R)-7-Acetyl-7-hydroxy- 4,4-dimethoxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-1(4H)-one; a type I chiral dienone for the synthesis of 7-Deoxydaunomycinone

Author

Russell, RA, Gee, PS, Irvine, RW, and Warrener, RN

Abstract

8-Benzyloxy-5-methoxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid (34) has been prepared by a four-step sequence from 5-methoxy-8-hydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one. Condensation of the unsaturated acid (34) with ethyl (S)-prolinate in the presence of dicyclohexylcarbodiimide afforded the amide (35) which was enantioselectively cyclized to the bromo lactone (37). Debromination with tributyltin hydride and subsequent reaction of the lactone with methyllithium afforded (-)-(2R)-2-acetyl-8-benzyloxy-5-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-ol. Removal of the benzyl ether by catalytic hydrogenation and oxidation of the resulting phenol with thallium(III) nitrate afforded the title chiral dienone.

Published
1984
Full Text
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11. Anthracyclines. XI. A short, site-specific synthesis of unsymmetrical 3-Acetyl-5,8-dialkoxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalenes; key precursors to daunomycinone AB-synthons

Author

Russell, RA, Collin, GJ, Crane, MP, Gee, PS, Krauss, AS, and Warrener, RN

Abstract

5,8-Dihydronaphthalene-1,4-diol, readily available from benzoquinone and buta-1,3-diene, is isomerized by heating with strong sodium hydroxide, and acetylated (Ac2O), in situ, to form 5,8-diacetoxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene. Catalysed (AlCl3) addition of acetyl chloride followed by dehydrochlorination (LiCI/HCONMe2) yielded 5,8-diacetoxy-3-acetyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (11) in 82% overall yield. Base hydrolysis of (11), followed by methylation (Me2SO4) gives 3-acetyl-5,8-dimethoxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene in 94% yield, the most direct route to this product so far described. More importantly, the diacetate (11) is selectively deacetylated at C5 (Cs2CO3 in tetrahydrofuran, or K2CO3 in Me2SO) to form the related phenol, alkylation of which produces the 5-alkoxy compound. Further hydrolysis followed by alkylation yields the unsymmetrically, but regiospecifically substituted, 3-acetyl-5,8-dialkoxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalenes. This method is specifically illustrated by the production of 3-acetyl-5-benzyloxy-8-methoxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene which is formed in a short, cost effective synthesis in a moderate overall yield (25%) based upon benzoquinone as starting material;significantly, no chromatographic separations are required.

Published
1984
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12. Review of Particle Physics

Author

Groom, DE, Aguilar-Benitez, M., Amsler, C., Barnett, Rm, Burchat, Pr, Carone, Cd, Caso, C., Conforto, G., Dahl, O., Doser, M., Eidelman, S., Feng, Jl, Gibbons, L., Goodman, M., Grab, C., Gurtu, A., Hagiwara, K., Hayes, Kg, Hernandez, Jj, Hikasa, K., Honscheid, K., Kolda, C., Mangano, Ml, Manohar, Av, Masoni, A., Monig, K., Murayama, H., Nakamura, K., Navas, S., Olive, Ka, Pape, L., Piepke, A., Roos, M., Tanabashi, M., Tornqvist, Na, Trippe, Tg, Vogel, P., Wohl, Cg, Workman, Rl, Yao, Wm, Armstrong, B., Casas Serradilla, Jl, Filimonov, Bb, Gee, Ps, Lugovsky, Sb, Nicholson, F., Babu, Ks, Besson, D., Biebel, O., Bloch, P., Cahn, Rn, Cattai, A., R Sekhar Chivukula, Cousins, Rd, Damour, T., Desler, K., Donahue, Rj, Edwards, Da, Erler, J., Ezhela, Vv, Fasso, A., Fetscher, W., Froidevaux, D., Fukugita, M., Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L., Geer, S., Gerber, Hj, Gilman, Fj, Haber, He, Hagmann, C., Hinchliffe, I., Hogan, Cj, Hohler, G., Igo-Kemenes, P., Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Karlen, D., Kayser, B., Klein, Sr, Kleinknecht, K., Knowles, Ig, Kolb, Ew, Kreitz, P., Landua, R., Langacker, P., Littenberg, L., Manley, Dm, March-Russell, J., Nakada, T., Quinn, Hr, Raffelt, G., Renk, B., Rolandi, L., Ronan, Mt, Rosenberg, Lj, Sadrozinski, Hfw, Sanda, Ai, Schmitt, M., Schneider, O., Scott, D., Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Sjostrand, T., Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S., Spieler, H., Srednicki, M., Stahl, A., Stanev, T., Suzuki, M., Tkachenko, Np, Turner, Ms, Valencia, G., Vanbibber, K., Voss, R., Ward, D., Wolfenstein, L., Womersley, J., and Particle Data Grp

15. Physical and immunologic properties of rubella antigens.

Author

Schmidt NJ, Lennette EH, Gee PS, and Dennis J

Subjects
Animals, Centrifugation, Density Gradient, Chromatography, Gel, Complement Fixation Tests, Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests, Hemagglutination Tests, Humans, Neutralization Tests, Rabbits, Virus Cultivation, Antigens analysis, Rubella virus immunology
Published
1968

16. Enzymes produced by a Pseudomonas species which inactivate inhibitors of certain viral hemagglutinins. I. Identification and purification of a proteinase and phospholipase C.

Author

Schmidt NJ, Gee PS, Dennis J, and Lennette EH

Subjects
Chemical Precipitation, Chromatography, Chromatography, Gel, Clostridium perfringens enzymology, Electrophoresis, Hemagglutinins, Viral antagonists & inhibitors, Pancreatic Elastase metabolism, Quaternary Ammonium Compounds, Ultracentrifugation, Peptide Hydrolases isolation & purification, Phospholipases isolation & purification, Pseudomonas enzymology
Abstract

Filtrates from cultures of a psychrophilic Pseudomonas species, which inactivate serum inhibitors of certain viral hemagglutinins, were shown to contain both lecithinase (phospholipase C) and a proteolytic enzyme with elastase activity. The bacterium was cultivated under conditions favoring production of the respective enzymes, and the enzymes were purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by column chromatography or by gel filtration. The elastase was obtained in crystalline form and was recrystallized. It has properties similar to those of a number of other bacterial elastases but is more heat-labile than most. Although a high degree of purification was achieved for the lecithinase, as evidenced by an increase in specific activity, it was not obtained in crystalline form. Partially purified preparations of the lecithinase had extremely high activity compared to that of commercial preparations of phospholipase C from Clostridium welchii.

Published
1969
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17. Relative sensitivity of gel diffusion, complement fixation, and immunoelectroosmophoresis tests for detection of hepatitis-associated antigen and antibody.

Author

Schmidt NJ, Gee PS, and Lennette EH

Subjects
Animals, Child, Down Syndrome immunology, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Guinea Pigs, Hemophilia A immunology, Hepatitis B Antigens analysis, Humans, Immune Sera, Antibodies analysis, Complement Fixation Tests, Hepatitis A immunology, Hepatitis B virus analysis, Immunodiffusion, Immunoelectrophoresis
Abstract

The immunoelectroosmophoresis (IEOP) test was compared with gel diffusion and complement fixation (CF) tests for sensitivity in detecting hepatitis-associated antigen (HAA) in the sera of hepatitis patients, for titration of HAA, and for detection of antibody to HAA. The IEOP test was found to be slightly more sensitive than either gel diffusion or CF tests for detection of antigen in the patients' sera. Titers of HAA demonstrated by IEOP were higher than those seen in gel diffusion tests but lower than CF titers. The gel diffusion test with an "enhancement" pattern was found to be more reliable than the other two procedures for detection of low levels of anti-HAA, due to the greater inhibitory effect of an antigen excess in the IEOP system and the possible masking of low levels of antibody by anticomplementary activity in the CF test system. Staining of immunoprecipitates in the IEOP test contributed little to the sensitivity of the test for detection of HAA.

Published
1971
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18. Enzymes produced by a Pseudomonas species which inactivate inhibitors of certain viral hemagglutinins. II. Effect of a proteinase and phospholipase C on viral hemagglutinin inhibitors present in human sera.

Author

Schmidt NJ, Gee PS, Dennis J, and Lennette EH

Subjects
Adenoviridae immunology, Clostridium perfringens enzymology, Enterovirus immunology, Enterovirus B, Human immunology, Enzyme Induction, Flavobacterium enzymology, Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests, Heparin pharmacology, Immune Sera, Immunoelectrophoresis, Lipoproteins, Reoviridae immunology, Antiviral Agents, Hemagglutination, Viral drug effects, Pancreatic Elastase pharmacology, Phospholipases pharmacology, Pseudomonas enzymology
Published
1971

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