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1. Drivers and impacts of Eastern African rainfall variability

Author

Palmer, Paul I., Wainwright, Caroline M., Dong, Bo, Maidment, Ross I., Wheeler, Kevin G., Gedney, Nicola, Hickman, Jonathan E., Madani, Nima, Folwell, Sonja S., Abdo, Gamal, Allan, Richard P., Black, Emily C. L., Feng, Liang, Gudoshava, Masilin, Haines, Keith, Huntingford, Chris, Kilavi, Mary, Lunt, Mark F., Shaaban, Ahmed, and Turner, Andrew G.

Published
2023
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2. Ensemble estimates of global wetland methane emissions over 2000–2020

Author

Zhang, Zhen, primary, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Melton, Joe R., additional, Riley, William J., additional, Allen, George H., additional, Beerling, David J., additional, Bousquet, Philippe, additional, Canadell, Josep G., additional, Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Hopcroft, Peter O., additional, Ito, Akihiko, additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Jain, Atul K., additional, Jensen, Katherine, additional, Joos, Fortunat, additional, Kleinen, Thomas, additional, Knox, Sara, additional, Li, Tingting, additional, Li, Xin, additional, Liu, Xiangyu, additional, McDonald, Kyle, additional, McNicol, Gavin, additional, Miller, Paul A., additional, Müller, Jurek, additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Peng, Changhui, additional, Peng, Shushi, additional, Qin, Zhangcai, additional, Riggs, Ryan M., additional, Saunois, Marielle, additional, Sun, Qing, additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Xu, Xiaoming, additional, Yao, Yuanzhi, additional, Yi, Xi, additional, Zhang, Wenxin, additional, Zhu, Qing, additional, Zhu, Qiuan, additional, and Zhuang, Qianlai, additional

Published
2024
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3. Supplementary material to "Ensemble estimates of global wetland methane emissions over 2000–2020"

Author

Zhang, Zhen, primary, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Melton, Joe R., additional, Riley, William J., additional, Allen, George H., additional, Beerling, David J., additional, Bousquet, Philippe, additional, Canadell, Josep G., additional, Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Hopcroft, Peter O., additional, Ito, Akihiko, additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Jain, Atul K., additional, Jensen, Katherine, additional, Joos, Fortunat, additional, Kleinen, Thomas, additional, Knox, Sara, additional, Li, Tingting, additional, Li, Xin, additional, Liu, Xiangyu, additional, McDonald, Kyle, additional, McNicol, Gavin, additional, Miller, Paul A., additional, Müller, Jurek, additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Peng, Changhui, additional, Peng, Shushi, additional, Qin, Zhangcai, additional, Riggs, Ryan M., additional, Saunois, Marielle, additional, Sun, Qing, additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Xu, Xiaoming, additional, Yao, Yuanzhi, additional, Yi, Xi, additional, Zhang, Wenxin, additional, Zhu, Qing, additional, Zhu, Qiuan, additional, and Zhuang, Qianlai, additional

Published
2024
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4. Supplementary material to "Global Methane Budget 2000–2020"

Author

Saunois, Marielle, primary, Martinez, Adrien, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Zhang, Zhen, additional, Raymond, Peter, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Canadell, Joseph G., additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Bousquet, Philippe, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Dlugokencky, Edward J., additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Allen, George H., additional, Bastviken, David, additional, Beerling, David J., additional, Belikov, Dmitry A., additional, Blake, Donald R., additional, Castaldi, Simona, additional, Crippa, Monica, additional, Deemer, Bridget R., additional, Dennison, Fraser, additional, Etiope, Giuseppe, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, additional, Holgerson, Meredith A., additional, Hopcroft, Peter O., additional, Hugelius, Gustaf, additional, Ito, Akihito, additional, Jain, Atul K., additional, Janardanan, Rajesh, additional, Johnson, Matthew S., additional, Kleinen, Thomas, additional, Krummel, Paul, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Li, Tingting, additional, Liu, Xiangyu, additional, McDonald, Kyle C., additional, Melton, Joe R., additional, Mühle, Jens, additional, Müller, Jurek, additional, Murguia-Flores, Fabiola, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, Noce, Sergio, additional, Pan, Shufen, additional, Parker, Robert J., additional, Peng, Changhui, additional, Ramonet, Michel, additional, Riley, William J., additional, Rocher-Ros, Gerard, additional, Rosentreter, Judith A., additional, Sasakawa, Motoki, additional, Segers, Arjo, additional, Smith, Steven J., additional, Stanley, Emily H., additional, Thanwerdas, Joel, additional, Tian, Hanquin, additional, Tsuruta, Aki, additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Weber, Thomas S., additional, van der Werf, Guido, additional, Worthy, Doug E., additional, Xi, Yi, additional, Yoshida, Yukio, additional, Zhang, Wenxin, additional, Zheng, Bo, additional, Zhu, Qing, additional, Zhu, Qiuan, additional, and Zhuang, Qianlai, additional

Published
2024
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5. Global Methane Budget 2000–2020

Author

Saunois, Marielle, primary, Martinez, Adrien, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Zhang, Zhen, additional, Raymond, Peter, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Canadell, Joseph G., additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Bousquet, Philippe, additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Dlugokencky, Edward J., additional, Lan, Xin, additional, Allen, George H., additional, Bastviken, David, additional, Beerling, David J., additional, Belikov, Dmitry A., additional, Blake, Donald R., additional, Castaldi, Simona, additional, Crippa, Monica, additional, Deemer, Bridget R., additional, Dennison, Fraser, additional, Etiope, Giuseppe, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, additional, Holgerson, Meredith A., additional, Hopcroft, Peter O., additional, Hugelius, Gustaf, additional, Ito, Akihito, additional, Jain, Atul K., additional, Janardanan, Rajesh, additional, Johnson, Matthew S., additional, Kleinen, Thomas, additional, Krummel, Paul, additional, Lauerwald, Ronny, additional, Li, Tingting, additional, Liu, Xiangyu, additional, McDonald, Kyle C., additional, Melton, Joe R., additional, Mühle, Jens, additional, Müller, Jurek, additional, Murguia-Flores, Fabiola, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, Noce, Sergio, additional, Pan, Shufen, additional, Parker, Robert J., additional, Peng, Changhui, additional, Ramonet, Michel, additional, Riley, William J., additional, Rocher-Ros, Gerard, additional, Rosentreter, Judith A., additional, Sasakawa, Motoki, additional, Segers, Arjo, additional, Smith, Steven J., additional, Stanley, Emily H., additional, Thanwerdas, Joel, additional, Tian, Hanquin, additional, Tsuruta, Aki, additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Weber, Thomas S., additional, van der Werf, Guido, additional, Worthy, Doug E., additional, Xi, Yi, additional, Yoshida, Yukio, additional, Zhang, Wenxin, additional, Zheng, Bo, additional, Zhu, Qing, additional, Zhu, Qiuan, additional, and Zhuang, Qianlai, additional

Published
2024
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7. Author Correction: Carbon budgets for 1.5 and 2 °C targets lowered by natural wetland and permafrost feedbacks

Author

Comyn-Platt, Edward, Hayman, Garry, Huntingford, Chris, Chadburn, Sarah E, Burke, Eleanor J, Harper, Anna B, Collins, William J, Webber, Christopher P, Powell, Tom, Cox, Peter M, Gedney, Nicola, and Sitch, Stephen

Subjects
Climate Action, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

In the version of this Article originally published, a parallelization coding problem, which meant that a subset of model grid cells were subjected to erroneous updating of atmospheric gas concentrations, resulted in incorrect calculation of atmospheric CO2 for these grid cells, and therefore underestimation of the carbon uptake by land through vegetation growth and eventual increases to soil carbon stocks. Having re-run the simulations using the corrected code, the authors found that the original estimates of the impact of the natural wetland methane feedback were overestimated. The permafrost and natural wetland methane feedback requires lower permissible emissions of 9–15% to achieve climate stabilization at 1.5 °C, compared with the original published estimate of 17–23%. The Article text, Table 1 and Fig. 3 have been updated online to reflect the revised numerical estimates. The Supplementary Information file has also been amended, with Supplementary Figs 6, 7, 8 and 9 replaced with revised versions produced using the corrected model output. As the strength of feedbacks remain significant, still require inclusion in climate policy and are nonlinear with global warming, the overall conclusions of the Article remain unchanged.

Published
2018

8. Carbon budgets for 1.5 and 2 °C targets lowered by natural wetland and permafrost feedbacks

Author

Comyn-Platt, Edward, Hayman, Garry, Huntingford, Chris, Chadburn, Sarah E, Burke, Eleanor J, Harper, Anna B, Collins, William J, Webber, Christopher P, Powell, Tom, Cox, Peter M, Gedney, Nicola, and Sitch, Stephen

Subjects
Climate Action, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Global methane emissions from natural wetlands and carbon release from permafrost thaw have a positive feedback on climate, yet are not represented in most state-of-the-art climate models. Furthermore, a fraction of the thawed permafrost carbon is released as methane, enhancing the combined feedback strength. We present simulations with an inverted intermediate complexity climate model, which follows prescribed global warming pathways to stabilization at 1.5 or 2.0 °C above pre-industrial levels by the year 2100, and which incorporates a state-of-the-art global land surface model with updated descriptions of wetland and permafrost carbon release. We demonstrate that the climate feedbacks from those two processes are substantial. Specifically, permissible anthropogenic fossil fuel CO2 emission budgets are reduced by 17–23% (47–56 GtC) for stabilization at 1.5 °C, and 9–13% (52–57 GtC) for 2.0 °C stabilization. In our simulations these feedback processes respond more quickly at temperatures below 1.5 °C, and the differences between the 1.5 and 2 °C targets are disproportionately small. This key finding holds for transient emission pathways to 2100 and does not account for longer-term implications of these feedback processes. We conclude that natural feedback processes from wetlands and permafrost must be considered in assessments of transient emission pathways to limit global warming.

Published
2018

9. Global wetland contribution to 2000–2012 atmospheric methane growth rate dynamics

Author

Poulter, Benjamin, Bousquet, Philippe, Canadell, Josep G, Ciais, Philippe, Peregon, Anna, Saunois, Marielle, Arora, Vivek K, Beerling, David J, Brovkin, Victor, Jones, Chris D, Joos, Fortunat, Gedney, Nicola, Ito, Akihito, Kleinen, Thomas, Koven, Charles D, McDonald, Kyle, Melton, Joe R, Peng, Changhui, Peng, Shushi, Prigent, Catherine, Schroeder, Ronny, Riley, William J, Saito, Makoto, Spahni, Renato, Tian, Hanqin, Taylor, Lyla, Viovy, Nicolas, Wilton, David, Wiltshire, Andy, Xu, Xiyan, Zhang, Bowen, Zhang, Zhen, and Zhu, Qiuan

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation, Atmospheric Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Climate Action, methanogenesis, wetlands, methane, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Increasing atmospheric methane (CH4) concentrations have contributed to approximately 20% of anthropogenic climate change. Despite the importance of CH4 as a greenhouse gas, its atmospheric growth rate and dynamics over the past two decades, which include a stabilization period (1999-2006), followed by renewed growth starting in 2007, remain poorly understood. We provide an updated estimate of CH4 emissions from wetlands, the largest natural global CH4 source, for 2000-2012 using an ensemble of biogeochemical models constrained with remote sensing surface inundation and inventory-based wetland area data. Between 2000-2012, boreal wetland CH4 emissions increased by 1.2 Tg yr-1 (-0.2-3.5 Tg yr-1), tropical emissions decreased by 0.9 Tg yr-1 (-3.2-1.1 Tg yr-1), yet globally, emissions remained unchanged at 184 22 Tg yr-1. Changing air temperature was responsible for increasing high-latitude emissions whereas declines in low-latitude wetland area decreased tropical emissions; both dynamics are consistent with features of predicted centennial-scale climate change impacts on wetland CH4 emissions. Despite uncertainties in wetland area mapping, our study shows that global wetland CH4 emissions have not contributed significantly to the period of renewed atmospheric CH4 growth, and is consistent with findings from studies that indicate some combination of increasing fossil fuel and agriculture-related CH4 emissions, and a decrease in the atmospheric oxidative sink.

Published
2017

10. Variability and quasi-decadal changes in the methane budget over the period 2000–2012

Author

Saunois, Marielle, Bousquet, Philippe, Poulter, Ben, Peregon, Anna, Ciais, Philippe, Canadell, Josep G, Dlugokencky, Edward J, Etiope, Giuseppe, Bastviken, David, Houweling, Sander, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Tubiello, Francesco N, Castaldi, Simona, Jackson, Robert B, Alexe, Mihai, Arora, Vivek K, Beerling, David J, Bergamaschi, Peter, Blake, Donald R, Brailsford, Gordon, Bruhwiler, Lori, Crevoisier, Cyril, Crill, Patrick, Covey, Kristofer, Frankenberg, Christian, Gedney, Nicola, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, Ishizawa, Misa, Ito, Akihiko, Joos, Fortunat, Kim, Heon-Sook, Kleinen, Thomas, Krummel, Paul, Lamarque, Jean-François, Langenfelds, Ray, Locatelli, Robin, Machida, Toshinobu, Maksyutov, Shamil, Melton, Joe R, Morino, Isamu, Naik, Vaishali, O'Doherty, Simon, Parmentier, Frans-Jan W, Patra, Prabir K, Peng, Changhui, Peng, Shushi, Peters, Glen P, Pison, Isabelle, Prinn, Ronald, Ramonet, Michel, Riley, William J, Saito, Makoto, Santini, Monia, Schroeder, Ronny, Simpson, Isobel J, Spahni, Renato, Takizawa, Atsushi, Thornton, Brett F, Tian, Hanqin, Tohjima, Yasunori, Viovy, Nicolas, Voulgarakis, Apostolos, Weiss, Ray, Wilton, David J, Wiltshire, Andy, Worthy, Doug, Wunch, Debra, Xu, Xiyan, Yoshida, Yukio, Zhang, Bowen, Zhang, Zhen, and Zhu, Qiuan

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Atmospheric Sciences, Climate Action, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, Atmospheric sciences, Climate change science
Abstract

Following the recent Global Carbon Project (GCP) synthesis of the decadal methane (CH4) budget over 2000-2012 (Saunois et al., 2016), we analyse here the same dataset with a focus on quasi-decadal and inter-annual variability in CH4 emissions. The GCP dataset integrates results from top-down studies (exploiting atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-up models (including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry), inventories of anthropogenic emissions, and data-driven approaches. The annual global methane emissions from top-down studies, which by construction match the observed methane growth rate within their uncertainties, all show an increase in total methane emissions over the period 2000-2012, but this increase is not linear over the 13 years. Despite differences between individual studies, the mean emission anomaly of the top-down ensemble shows no significant trend in total methane emissions over the period 2000-2006, during the plateau of atmospheric methane mole fractions, and also over the period 2008-2012, during the renewed atmospheric methane increase. However, the top-down ensemble mean produces an emission shift between 2006 and 2008, leading to 22 [16-32]Tg CH4yr-1 higher methane emissions over the period 2008-2012 compared to 2002-2006. This emission increase mostly originated from the tropics, with a smaller contribution from mid-latitudes and no significant change from boreal regions. The regional contributions remain uncertain in top-down studies. Tropical South America and South and East Asia seem to contribute the most to the emission increase in the tropics. However, these two regions have only limited atmospheric measurements and remain therefore poorly constrained. The sectorial partitioning of this emission increase between the periods 2002-2006 and 2008-2012 differs from one atmospheric inversion study to another. However, all top-down studies suggest smaller changes in fossil fuel emissions (from oil, gas, and coal industries) compared to the mean of the bottom-up inventories included in this study. This difference is partly driven by a smaller emission change in China from the top-down studies compared to the estimate in the Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGARv4.2) inventory, which should be revised to smaller values in a near future. We apply isotopic signatures to the emission changes estimated for individual studies based on five emission sectors and find that for six individual top-down studies (out of eight) the average isotopic signature of the emission changes is not consistent with the observed change in atmospheric 13CH4. However, the partitioning in emission change derived from the ensemble mean is consistent with this isotopic constraint. At the global scale, the top-down ensemble mean suggests that the dominant contribution to the resumed atmospheric CH4 growth after 2006 comes from microbial sources (more from agriculture and waste sectors than from natural wetlands), with an uncertain but smaller contribution from fossil CH4 emissions. In addition, a decrease in biomass burning emissions (in agreement with the biomass burning emission databases) makes the balance of sources consistent with atmospheric 13CH4 observations. In most of the top-down studies included here, OH concentrations are considered constant over the years (seasonal variations but without any inter-annual variability). As a result, the methane loss (in particular through OH oxidation) varies mainly through the change in methane concentrations and not its oxidants. For these reasons, changes in the methane loss could not be properly investigated in this study, although it may play a significant role in the recent atmospheric methane changes as briefly discussed at the end of the paper.

Published
2017

11. The Global Methane Budget: 2000–2012

Author

Saunois, Marielle, Bousquet, Philippe, Poulter, Ben, Peregon, Anna, Ciais, Philippe, Canadell, Josep G, Dlugokencky, Edward J, Etiope, Giuseppe, Bastviken, David, Houweling, Sander, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, Tubiello, Francesco N, Castaldi, Simona, Jackson, Robert B, Alexe, Mihai, Arora, Vivek K, Beerling, David J, Bergamaschi, Peter, Blake, Donald R, Brailsford, Gordon, Brovkin, Victor, Bruhwiler, Lori, Crevoisier, Cyril, Crill, Patrick, Curry, Charles, Frankenberg, Christian, Gedney, Nicola, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, Ishizawa, Misa, Ito, Akihiko, Joos, Fortunat, Kim, Heon-Sook, Kleinen, Thomas, Krummel, Paul, Lamarque, Jean-François, Langenfelds, Ray, Locatelli, Robin, Machida, Toshinobu, Maksyutov, Shamil, McDonald, Kyle C, Marshall, Julia, Melton, Joe R, Morino, Isamu, O'Doherty, Simon, Parmentier, Frans-Jan W, Patra, Prabir K, Peng, Changhui, Peng, Shushi, Peters, Glen P, Pison, Isabelle, Prigent, Catherine, Prinn, Ronald, Ramonet, Michel, Riley, William J, Saito, Makoto, Schroeder, Ronny, Simpson, Isobel J, Spahni, Renato, Steele, Paul, Takizawa, Atsushi, Thornton, Brett F, Tian, Hanqin, Tohjima, Yasunori, Viovy, Nicolas, Voulgarakis, Apostolos, van Weele, Michiel, van der Werf, Guido, Weiss, Ray, Wiedinmyer, Christine, Wilton, David J, Wiltshire, Andy, Worthy, Doug, Wunch, Debra B, Xu, Xiyan, Yoshida, Yukio, Zhang, Bowen, Zhang, Zhen, and Zhu, Qiuan

Abstract

Abstract. The global methane (CH4) budget is becoming an increasingly important component for managing realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. This relevance, due to a shorter atmospheric lifetime and a stronger warming potential than carbon dioxide, is challenged by the still unexplained changes of atmospheric CH4 over the past decade. Emissions and concentrations of CH4 are continuing to increase making CH4 the second most important human-induced greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Two major difficulties in reducing uncertainties come from the large variety of diffusive CH4 sources that overlap geographically, and from the destruction of CH4 by the very short-lived hydroxyl radical (OH). To address these difficulties, we have established a consortium of multi-disciplinary scientists under the umbrella of the Global Carbon Project to synthesize and stimulate research on the methane cycle, and producing regular (~biennial) updates of the global methane budget. This consortium includes atmospheric physicists and chemists, biogeochemists of surface and marine emissions, and socio-economists who study anthropogenic emissions. Following Kirschke et al. (2013), we propose here the first version of a living review paper that integrates results of top-down studies (T-D, exploiting atmospheric observations within an atmospheric inverse-modelling framework) and bottom-up models, inventories, and data-driven approaches (B-U, including process-based models for estimating land surface emissions and atmospheric chemistry, and inventories for anthropogenic emissions, data-driven extrapolations). For the 2003–2012 decade, global methane emissions are estimated by T-D inversions at 558 Tg CH4 yr−1 (range [540–568]). About 60 % of global emissions are anthropogenic (range [50–65 %]). B-U approaches suggest larger global emissions (736 Tg CH4 yr−1 [596–884]) mostly because of larger natural emissions from individual sources such as inland waters, natural wetlands and geological sources. Considering the atmospheric constraints on the T-D budget, it is likely that some of the individual emissions reported by the B-U approaches are overestimated, leading to too large global emissions. Latitudinal data from T-D emissions indicate a predominance of tropical emissions (~64 % of the global budget,

Published
2016

12. Description and evaluation of the JULES-ES set-up for ISIMIP2b

Author

Mathison, Camilla, primary, Burke, Eleanor, additional, Hartley, Andrew J., additional, Kelley, Douglas I., additional, Burton, Chantelle, additional, Robertson, Eddy, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Williams, Karina, additional, Wiltshire, Andy, additional, Ellis, Richard J., additional, Sellar, Alistair A., additional, and Jones, Chris D., additional

Published
2023
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13. Observational constraints reduce model spread but not uncertainty in global wetland methane emission estimates

Author

Chang, Kuang‐Yu, primary, Riley, William J., additional, Collier, Nathan, additional, McNicol, Gavin, additional, Fluet‐Chouinard, Etienne, additional, Knox, Sara H., additional, Delwiche, Kyle B., additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Saunois, Marielle, additional, Chandra, Naveen, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Ishizawa, Misa, additional, Ito, Akihiko, additional, Joos, Fortunat, additional, Kleinen, Thomas, additional, Maggi, Federico, additional, McNorton, Joe, additional, Melton, Joe R., additional, Miller, Paul, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, Pasut, Chiara, additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Peng, Changhui, additional, Peng, Sushi, additional, Segers, Arjo, additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tsuruta, Aki, additional, Yao, Yuanzhi, additional, Yin, Yi, additional, Zhang, Wenxin, additional, Zhang, Zhen, additional, Zhu, Qing, additional, Zhu, Qiuan, additional, and Zhuang, Qianlai, additional

Published
2023
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15. Evaluation of wetland CH4 in the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) land surface model using satellite observations

Author

Parker, Robert J., primary, Wilson, Chris, additional, Comyn-Platt, Edward, additional, Hayman, Garry, additional, Marthews, Toby R., additional, Bloom, A. Anthony, additional, Lunt, Mark F., additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Dadson, Simon J., additional, McNorton, Joe, additional, Humpage, Neil, additional, Boesch, Hartmut, additional, Chipperfield, Martyn P., additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, and Yamazaki, Dai, additional

Published
2022
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16. Supplementary material to "Description and Evaluation of the JULES-ES setup for ISIMIP2b"

Author

Mathison, Camilla, primary, Burke, Eleanor, additional, Hartley, Andrew J., additional, Kelley, Douglas I., additional, Burton, Chantelle, additional, Robertson, Eddy, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Williams, Karina, additional, Wiltshire, Andy, additional, Ellis, Richard J., additional, Sellar, Alistair, additional, and Jones, Chris, additional

Published
2022
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17. Description and Evaluation of the JULES-ES setup for ISIMIP2b

Author

Mathison, Camilla, primary, Burke, Eleanor, additional, Hartley, Andrew J., additional, Kelley, Douglas I., additional, Burton, Chantelle, additional, Robertson, Eddy, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Williams, Karina, additional, Wiltshire, Andy, additional, Ellis, Richard J., additional, Sellar, Alistair, additional, and Jones, Chris, additional

Published
2022
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18. Large Methane Emission Fluxes Observed From Tropical Wetlands in Zambia

Author

Shaw, Jacob T., primary, Allen, Grant, additional, Barker, Patrick, additional, Pitt, Joseph R., additional, Pasternak, Dominika, additional, Bauguitte, Stéphane J.‐B., additional, Lee, James, additional, Bower, Keith N., additional, Daly, Michael C., additional, Lunt, Mark F., additional, Ganesan, Anita L., additional, Vaughan, Adam R., additional, Chibesakunda, Francis, additional, Lambakasa, Musa, additional, Fisher, Rebecca E., additional, France, James L., additional, Lowry, David, additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, Metzger, Stefan, additional, Parker, Robert J., additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Bateson, Prudence, additional, Cain, Michelle, additional, Lorente, Alba, additional, Borsdorff, Tobias, additional, and Nisbet, Euan G., additional

Published
2022
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20. Evaluation of Wetland CH4 in the JULES Land Surface Model Using Satellite Observations

Author

Parker, Robert J., primary, Wilson, Chris, additional, Comyn-Platt, Edward, additional, Hayman, Garry, additional, Marthews, Toby R., additional, Bloom, A. Anthony, additional, Lunt, Mark F., additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Dadson, Simon J., additional, McNorton, Joe, additional, Humpage, Neil, additional, Boesch, Hartmut, additional, Chipperfield, Martyn P., additional, Palmer, Paul I., additional, and Yamazaki, Dai, additional

Published
2022
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22. Non-flooded riparian Amazon trees are a regionally significant methane source

Author

Gauci, Vincent, Figueiredo, Viviane, Gedney, Nicola, Pangala, Sunitha Rao, Stauffer, Tainá, Weedon, Graham P., and Enrich-Prast, Alex

Subjects
floodplain, methane, riparian, General Mathematics, General Engineering, General Physics and Astronomy, Articles, trees, Soil, Wetlands, Amazon, soils, Research Articles, Ecosystem
Abstract

Inundation-adapted trees were recently established as the dominant egress pathway for soil-produced methane (CH4) in forested wetlands. This raises the possibility that CH4produced deep within the soil column can vent to the atmosphere via tree roots even when the water table (WT) is below the surface. If correct, this would challenge modelling efforts where inundation often defines the spatial extent of ecosystem CH4production and emission. Here, we examine CH4exchange on tree, soil and aquatic surfaces in forest experiencing a dynamic WT at three floodplain locations spanning the Amazon basin at four hydrologically distinct times from April 2017 to January 2018. Tree stem emissions were orders of magnitude larger than from soil or aquatic surface emissions and exhibited a strong relationship to WT depth below the surface (less than 0). We estimate that Amazon riparian floodplain margins with a WT 4 yr−1to the atmosphere in addition to inundated tree emissions of approximately 12.7–21.1 Tg CH4 yr−1. Applying our approach to all tropical wetland broad-leaf trees yields an estimated non-flooded floodplain tree flux of 6.4 Tg CH4 yr−1which, at 17% of the flooded tropical tree flux of approximately 37.1 Tg CH4 yr−1, demonstrates the importance of these ecosystems in extending the effective CH4emitting area beyond flooded lands.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Rising methane: is warming feeding warming? (part 2)'.

Published
2021

25. Description and Evaluation of the JULES-ES setup for ISIMIP2b.

Author

Mathison, Camilla, Burke, Eleanor, Hartley, Andrew J., Kelley, Douglas I., Burton, Chantelle, Robertson, Eddy, Gedney, Nicola, Williams, Karina, Wiltshire, Andy, Ellis, Richard J., Sellar, Alistair, and Jones, Chris

Subjects
CLIMATE change, ATMOSPHERIC models, STREAMFLOW, INFORMATION retrieval, COMPUTER simulation
Abstract

Global studies of climate change impacts that use future climate model projections also require projections of land surface changes. Simulated land surface performance in Earth System models is often affected by the atmospheric models' climate biases, leading to errors in land surface projections. Here we run the JULES-ES land surface model with ISIMIP2b bias-corrected climate model data from 4 global climate models (GCMs). The bias correction reduces the impact of the climate biases present in individual models. We evaluate JULES-ES performance against present-day observations to demonstrate its usefulness for providing required information for impacts such as fire and river flow. We simulate a historical and two future scenarios; a mitigation scenario RCP2.6 and RCP6.0, which has very little mitigation. We include a standard JULES-ES configuration without fire as a contribution to ISIMIP2b and JULES-ES with fire as a potential future development. Simulations for gross primary productivity (GPP), evapotranspiration (ET) and albedo compare well against observations. Including fire improves the simulations, especially for ET and albedo and vegetation distribution, with some degradation in shrub cover and river flow. This configuration represents some of the most current earth system science for land surface modelling. The suite associated with this configuration provides a basis for past and future phases of ISIMIP, providing a simulation setup, postprocessing and initial evaluation using ILAMB. This suite ensures that it is as straightforward, reproducible and transparent as possible to follow the protocols and participate fully in ISIMIP using JULES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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26. Effects of Frozen Soil on Soil Temperature, Spring Infiltration, and Runoff : Results from the PILPS 2(d) Experiment at Valdai, Russia

Author

Luo, Lifeng, Robock, Alan, Vinnikov, Konstantin Y., Schlosser, C. Adam, Slater, Andrew G., Boone, Aaron, Braden, Harald, Cox, Peter, de Rosnay, Patricia, Dickinson, Robert E., Dai, Yongjiu, Duan, Qingyun, Etchevers, Pierre, Henderson-Sellers, Ann, Gedney, Nicola, Gusev, Yevgeniy M., Habets, Florence, Kim, Jinwon, Kowalczyk, Eva, Mitchell, Kenneth, Nasonova, Olga N., Noilhan, Joel, Pitman, Andrew J., Schaake, John, Shmakin, Andrey B., Smirnova, Tatiana G., Wetzel, Peter, Xue, Yongkang, Yang, Zong-Liang, and Zeng, Qing-Cun

Published
2003

27. Supplementary information from Non-flooded riparian Amazon trees are a regionally significant methane source

Author

Gauci, Vincent, Figueiredo, Viviane, Gedney, Nicola, Pangala, Sunitha Rao, Stauffer, Tain��, Weedon, Graham P., and Enrich-Prast, Alex

Abstract

Inundation-adapted trees were recently established as the dominant egress pathway for soil-produced methane (CH4) in forested wetlands. This raises the possibility that CH4 produced deep within the soil column can vent to the atmosphere via tree roots even when the water table (WT) is below the surface. If correct, this would challenge modelling efforts where inundation often defines the spatial extent of ecosystem CH4 production and emission. Here, we examine CH4 exchange on tree, soil and aquatic surfaces in forest experiencing a dynamic WT at 3 floodplain locations spanning the Amazon basin at 4 hydrologically distinct times from April 2017 to January 2018. Tree stem emissions were orders of magnitude larger than from soil or aquatic surface emissions and exhibited a strong relationship to WT depth below the surface (less than 0). We estimate that Amazon riparian floodplain margins with a WT 4 yr���1 to the atmosphere in addition to inundated tree emissions of approximately 12.7���21.1 Tg CH4 yr���1. Applying our approach to all tropical wetland broad-leaf trees yields an estimated non-flooded floodplain tree flux of 6.4 Tg CH4 yr���1 which, at 17% of the flooded tropical tree flux of approximately 37.1 Tg CH4 yr���1, demonstrates the importance of these ecosystems in extending the effective CH4 emitting area beyond flooded lands.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Rising methane: is warming feeding warming? (Part 2)'.

Published
2021
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28. Improvement of modeling plant responses to low soil moisture in JULESvn4.9 and evaluation against flux tower measurements

Author

Harper, Anna B., primary, Williams, Karina E., additional, McGuire, Patrick C., additional, Duran Rojas, Maria Carolina, additional, Hemming, Debbie, additional, Verhoef, Anne, additional, Huntingford, Chris, additional, Rowland, Lucy, additional, Marthews, Toby, additional, Breder Eller, Cleiton, additional, Mathison, Camilla, additional, Nobrega, Rodolfo L. B., additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Vidale, Pier Luigi, additional, Otu-Larbi, Fred, additional, Pandey, Divya, additional, Garrigues, Sebastien, additional, Wright, Azin, additional, Slevin, Darren, additional, De Kauwe, Martin G., additional, Blyth, Eleanor, additional, Ardö, Jonas, additional, Black, Andrew, additional, Bonal, Damien, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Burban, Benoit, additional, Fuchs, Kathrin, additional, de Grandcourt, Agnès, additional, Mammarella, Ivan, additional, Merbold, Lutz, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Nouvellon, Yann, additional, Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia, additional, and Wohlfahrt, Georg, additional

Published
2021
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29. Regional variation in the effectiveness of methane-based and land-based climate mitigation options

Author

Hayman, Garry D., primary, Comyn-Platt, Edward, additional, Huntingford, Chris, additional, Harper, Anna B., additional, Powell, Tom, additional, Cox, Peter M., additional, Collins, William, additional, Webber, Christopher, additional, Lowe, Jason, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, House, Joanna I., additional, Doelman, Jonathan C., additional, van Vuuren, Detlef P., additional, Chadburn, Sarah E., additional, Burke, Eleanor, additional, and Gedney, Nicola, additional

Published
2021
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30. Quantifying sources of Brazil's CH4 emissions between 2010 and 2018 from satellite data

Author

L. Tunnicliffe, Rachel, L. Ganesan, Anita, J. Parker, Robert, Boesch, Hartmut, Gedney, Nicola, Poulter, Benjamin, Zhang, Zhen, Walter, David, Rigby, Matthew, Henne, Stephan, Young, Dickon, and O'Doherty, Simon

Abstract

Brazil's CH4 emissions over the period 2010- 2018 were derived for the three main sectors of activity: anthropogenic, wetland and biomass burning. Our inverse modelling estimates were derived from GOSAT (Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite) satellite measurements of XCH4 combined with surface data from Ragged Point, Barbados, and the high-resolution regional atmospheric transport model NAME (Numerical Atmospheric-dispersion Modelling Environment). We find that Brazil's mean emissions over 2010- 2018 are 33:63:6Tgyr1, which are comprised of 19:0 2:6Tgyr1 from anthropogenic (primarily related to agriculture and waste), 13:01:9Tgyr1 from wetlands and 1:7 0:3Tgyr1 from biomass burning sources. In addition, between the 2011-2013 and 2014-2018 periods, Brazil's mean emissions rose by 6:95:3Tgyr1 and this increase may have contributed to the accelerated global methane growth rate observed during the latter period. We find that wetland emissions from the western Amazon increased during the start of the 2015-2016 El Nino by 3:72:7Tgyr1 and this is likely driven by increased surface temperatures. We also find that our estimates of anthropogenic emissions are consistent with those reported by Brazil to the United Framework Convention on Climate Change. We show that satellite data are beneficial for constraining national-scale CH4 emissions, and, through a series of sensitivity studies and validation experiments using data not assimilated in the inversion, we demonstrate that (a) calibrated ground-based data are important to include alongside satellite data in a regional inversion and that (b) inversions must account for any offsets between the two data streams and their representations by models.

Published
2020

31. Quantifying sources of Brazil's methane emissions between 2010 and 2018 from satellite data

Author

Tunnicliffe, Rachel L, Ganesan, Anita L, Parker, Robert J, Boesch, Hartmut, Gedney, Nicola, Poulter, Benjamin, Zhang, Zhen, Lavric, Jost, Walter, David, Rigby, Matthew L, Henne, Stephan, Young, T D S, and O'Doherty, Simon

Abstract

Brazil's CH4 emissions over the period 2010–2018 were derived for the three main sectors of activity: anthropogenic, wetland and biomass burning. Our inverse modelling estimates were derived from GOSAT (Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite) satellite measurements of XCH4 combined with surface data from Ragged Point, Barbados, and the high-resolution regional atmospheric transport model NAME (Numerical Atmospheric-dispersion Modelling Environment). We find that Brazil's mean emissions over 2010–2018 are 33.6±3.6Tgyr−1, which are comprised of 19.0±2.6Tgyr−1 from anthropogenic (primarily related to agriculture and waste), 13.0±1.9Tgyr−1 from wetlands and 1.7±0.3Tgyr−1 from biomass burning sources. In addition, between the 2011–2013 and 2014–2018 periods, Brazil's mean emissions rose by 6.9±5.3Tgyr−1 and this increase may have contributed to the accelerated global methane growth rate observed during the latter period. We find that wetland emissions from the western Amazon increased during the start of the 2015–2016 El Niño by 3.7±2.7Tgyr−1 and this is likely driven by increased surface temperatures. We also find that our estimates of anthropogenic emissions are consistent with those reported by Brazil to the United Framework Convention on Climate Change. We show that satellite data are beneficial for constraining national-scale CH4 emissions, and, through a series of sensitivity studies and validation experiments using data not assimilated in the inversion, we demonstrate that (a) calibrated ground-based data are important to include alongside satellite data in a regional inversion and that (b) inversions must account for any offsets between the two data streams and their representations by models.

Published
2020

32. Modeled microbial dynamics explain the apparent temperature-sensitivity of wetland methane emissions

Author

Chadburn, Sarah, Aalto, Tuula, Aurela, Mika, Baldocchi, Dennis, Biasi, Christina, Boike, Julia, Burke, Eleanor J., Comyn-Platt, Edward, Dolman, A. Johannes, Duran-Rojas, Carolina, Fan, Yuanchao, Friborg, Thomas, Gao, Yao, Gedney, Nicola, Göckede, Mathias, Hayman, Garry, D., Holl, David, Hugelius, Gustav, Kutzbach, Lars, Lee, Hanna, Lohila, Annalea, Parmentier, Frans-Jan W., Sachs, Torsten, Shurpali, Narasinha, and Westermann, Sebastian

Abstract

Methane emissions from natural wetlands tend to increase with temperature and therefore may lead to a positive feedback under future climate change. However, their temperature response includes confounding factors and appears to differ on different time scales. Observed methane emissions depend strongly on temperature on a seasonal basis, but if the annual mean emissions are compared between sites, there is only a small temperature effect. We hypothesize that microbial dynamics are a major driver of the seasonal cycle and that they can explain this apparent discrepancy. We introduce a relatively simple model of methanogenic growth and dormancy into a wetland methane scheme that is used in an Earth system model. We show that this addition is sufficient to reproduce the observed seasonal dynamics of methane emissions in fully saturated wetland sites, at the same time as reproducing the annual mean emissions. We find that a more complex scheme used in recent Earth system models does not add predictive power. The sites used span a range of climatic conditions, with the majority in high latitudes. The difference in apparent temperature sensitivity seasonally versus spatially cannot be recreated by the non‐microbial schemes tested. We therefore conclude that microbial dynamics are a strong candidate to be driving the seasonal cycle of wetland methane emissions. We quantify longer‐term temperature sensitivity using this scheme and show that it gives approximately a 12% increase in emissions per degree of warming globally. This is in addition to any hydrological changes, which could also impact future methane emissions.

Published
2020

33. Projected increase in continental runoff due to plant responses to increasing carbon dioxide

Author

Betts, Richard A., Boucher, Olivier, Collins, Matthew, Cox, Peter M., Falloon, Peter D., Gedney, Nicola, Hemming, Deborah L., Huntingford, Chris, Jones, Chris D., Sexton, David M. H., and Webb, Mark J.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): Richard A. Betts (corresponding author) [1]; Olivier Boucher [1]; Matthew Collins [1]; Peter M. Cox [1, 2]; Peter D. Falloon [1]; Nicola Gedney [3]; Deborah L. Hemming [1]; Chris [...]

Published
2007
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34. Quantifying sources of Brazil's CH<sub>4</sub> emissions between 2010 and 2018 from satellite data

Author

Tunnicliffe, Rachel L., primary, Ganesan, Anita L., additional, Parker, Robert J., additional, Boesch, Hartmut, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Poulter, Benjamin, additional, Zhang, Zhen, additional, Lavrič, Jošt V., additional, Walter, David, additional, Rigby, Matthew, additional, Henne, Stephan, additional, Young, Dickon, additional, and O'Doherty, Simon, additional

Published
2020
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35. Modeled Microbial Dynamics Explain the Apparent Temperature Sensitivity of Wetland Methane Emissions

Author

Chadburn, Sarah E., primary, Aalto, Tuula, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Baldocchi, Dennis, additional, Biasi, Christina, additional, Boike, Julia, additional, Burke, Eleanor J., additional, Comyn‐Platt, Edward, additional, Dolman, A. Johannes, additional, Duran‐Rojas, Carolina, additional, Fan, Yuanchao, additional, Friborg, Thomas, additional, Gao, Yao, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Göckede, Mathias, additional, Hayman, Garry D., additional, Holl, David, additional, Hugelius, Gustaf, additional, Kutzbach, Lars, additional, Lee, Hanna, additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, Parmentier, Frans‐Jan W., additional, Sachs, Torsten, additional, Shurpali, Narasinha J., additional, and Westermann, Sebastian, additional

Published
2020
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36. Non-flooded riparian Amazon trees are a regionally significant methane source.

Author

Gauci, Vincent, Figueiredo, Viviane, Gedney, Nicola, Pangala, Sunitha Rao, Stauffer, Tainá, Weedon, Graham P., and Enrich-Prast, Alex

Subjects
METHANE, WETLAND soils, WATER table, FORESTED wetlands, TREES, FLOODS, FLOODPLAINS, MAGNITUDE (Mathematics)
Abstract

Inundation-adapted trees were recently established as the dominant egress pathway for soil-produced methane (CH4) in forested wetlands. This raises the possibility that CH4 produced deep within the soil column can vent to the atmosphere via tree roots even when the water table (WT) is below the surface. If correct, this would challenge modelling efforts where inundation often defines the spatial extent of ecosystem CH4 production and emission. Here, we examine CH4 exchange on tree, soil and aquatic surfaces in forest experiencing a dynamic WT at three floodplain locations spanning the Amazon basin at four hydrologically distinct times from April 2017 to January 2018. Tree stem emissions were orders of magnitude larger than from soil or aquatic surface emissions and exhibited a strong relationship to WT depth below the surface (less than 0). We estimate that Amazon riparian floodplain margins with a WT<0 contribute 2.2-3.6 TgCH4 yr-1 to the atmosphere in addition to inundated tree emissions of approximately 12.7-21.1 TgCH4 yr-1. Applying our approach to all tropical wetland broad-leaf trees yields an estimated nonflooded floodplain tree flux of 6.4 TgCH4 yr-1 which, at 17% of the flooded tropical tree flux of approximately 37.1 TgCH4 yr-1, demonstrates the importance of these ecosystems in extending the effective CH4 emitting area beyond flooded lands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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37. Evaluation of Wetland CH4 in the JULES Land Surface Model Using Satellite Observations.

Author

Parker, Robert J., Wilson, Chris, Comyn-Platt, Edward, Hayman, Garry, Marthews, Toby R., Bloom, Anthony, Lunt, Mark F., Gedney, Nicola, Dadson, Simon J., McNorton, Joe, Humpage, Neil, Boesch, Hartmut, Chipperfield, Martyn P., Palmer, Paul I., and Dai Yamazaki

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC methane, WETLANDS, WETLAND soils, EARTH system science, MICROWAVE remote sensing
Abstract

Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane. The ability to model the emissions of methane from natural wetlands accurately is critical to our understanding of the global methane budget and how it may change under future climate scenarios. The simulation of wetland methane emissions involves a complicated system of meteorological drivers coupled to hydrological and biogeochemical processes. The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES) is a process-based land surface model that underpins the UK Earth System Model and is capable of generating estimates of wetland methane emissions. In this study we use GOSAT satellite observations of atmospheric methane along with the TOMCAT global 3-D chemistry transport model to evaluate the performance of JULES in reproducing the seasonal cycle of methane over a wide range of tropical wetlands. By using an ensemble of JULES simulations with differing input data and process configurations, we investigate the relative importance of the meteorological driving data, the vegetation, the temperature dependency of wetland methane production and the wetland extent. We find that JULES typically performs well in replicating the observed methane seasonal cycle. We calculate correlation coefficients to the observed seasonal cycle of between 0.58 to 0.88 for most regions, however the seasonal cycle amplitude is typically underestimated (by between 1.8 ppb and 19.5 ppb). This level of performance is comparable to that typically provided by state-of-the-art data-driven wetland CH4 emission inventories. The meteorological driving data is found to be the most significant factor in determining the ensemble performance, with temperature dependency and vegetation having moderate effects. We find that neither wetland extent configuration out-performs the other but this does lead to poor performance in some regions. We focus in detail on three African wetland regions (Sudd, Southern Africa and Congo) where we find the performance of JULES to be poor and explore the reasons for this in detail. We find that neither wetland extent configuration used is sufficient in representing the wetland distribution in these regions (underestimating the wetland seasonal cycle amplitude by 11.1 ppb, 19.5 ppb and 10.1 ppb respectively, with correlation coefficients of 0.23, 0.01 and 0.31). We employ the CaMa-Flood model to explicitly represent river and floodplain water dynamics and find these JULES-CaMa-Flood simulations are capable of providing wetland extent more consistent with observations in this regions, highlighting this as an important area for future model development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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39. Supplementary material to &quot;Improvement of modelling plant responses to low soil moisture in JULESvn4.9 and evaluation against flux tower measurements&quot;

Author

Harper, Anna B., primary, Williams, Karina E., additional, McGuire, Patrick C., additional, Duran Rojas, Maria Carolina, additional, Hemming, Debbie, additional, Verhoef, Anne, additional, Huntingford, Chris, additional, Rowland, Lucy, additional, Marthews, Toby, additional, Breder Eller, Cleiton, additional, Mathison, Camilla, additional, Nobrega, Rodolfo L. B., additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Vidale, Pier Luigi, additional, Otu-Larbi, Fred, additional, Pandey, Divya, additional, Garrigues, Sebastien, additional, Wright, Azin, additional, Slevin, Darren, additional, De Kauwe, Martin G., additional, Blyth, Eleanor, additional, Ärdo, Jonas, additional, Black, Andrew, additional, Bonal, Damien, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Burban, Benoit, additional, Fuchs, Kathrin, additional, de Grandcourt, Agnès, additional, Mammarella, Ivan, additional, Merbold, Lutz, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Nouvellon, Yann, additional, Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia, additional, and Wohlfahrt, Georg, additional

Published
2020
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40. Improvement of modelling plant responses to low soil moisture in JULESvn4.9 and evaluation against flux tower measurements

Author

Harper, Anna B., primary, Williams, Karina E., additional, McGuire, Patrick C., additional, Duran Rojas, Maria Carolina, additional, Hemming, Debbie, additional, Verhoef, Anne, additional, Huntingford, Chris, additional, Rowland, Lucy, additional, Marthews, Toby, additional, Breder Eller, Cleiton, additional, Mathison, Camilla, additional, Nobrega, Rodolfo L. B., additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Vidale, Pier Luigi, additional, Otu-Larbi, Fred, additional, Pandey, Divya, additional, Garrigues, Sebastien, additional, Wright, Azin, additional, Slevin, Darren, additional, De Kauwe, Martin G., additional, Blyth, Eleanor, additional, Ärdo, Jonas, additional, Black, Andrew, additional, Bonal, Damien, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Burban, Benoit, additional, Fuchs, Kathrin, additional, de Grandcourt, Agnès, additional, Mammarella, Ivan, additional, Merbold, Lutz, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Nouvellon, Yann, additional, Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia, additional, and Wohlfahrt, Georg, additional

Published
2020
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41. The Global Methane Budget 2000–2017

Author

Saunois, Marielle, primary, Stavert, Ann R., additional, Poulter, Ben, additional, Bousquet, Philippe, additional, Canadell, Josep G., additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Raymond, Peter A., additional, Dlugokencky, Edward J., additional, Houweling, Sander, additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Arora, Vivek K., additional, Bastviken, David, additional, Bergamaschi, Peter, additional, Blake, Donald R., additional, Brailsford, Gordon, additional, Bruhwiler, Lori, additional, Carlson, Kimberly M., additional, Carrol, Mark, additional, Castaldi, Simona, additional, Chandra, Naveen, additional, Crevoisier, Cyril, additional, Crill, Patrick M., additional, Covey, Kristofer, additional, Curry, Charles L., additional, Etiope, Giuseppe, additional, Frankenberg, Christian, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Hegglin, Michaela I., additional, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, additional, Hugelius, Gustaf, additional, Ishizawa, Misa, additional, Ito, Akihiko, additional, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, additional, Jensen, Katherine M., additional, Joos, Fortunat, additional, Kleinen, Thomas, additional, Krummel, Paul B., additional, Langenfelds, Ray L., additional, Laruelle, Goulven G., additional, Liu, Licheng, additional, Machida, Toshinobu, additional, Maksyutov, Shamil, additional, McDonald, Kyle C., additional, McNorton, Joe, additional, Miller, Paul A., additional, Melton, Joe R., additional, Morino, Isamu, additional, Müller, Jurek, additional, Murguia-Flores, Fabiola, additional, Naik, Vaishali, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, Noce, Sergio, additional, O'Doherty, Simon, additional, Parker, Robert J., additional, Peng, Changhui, additional, Peng, Shushi, additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Prigent, Catherine, additional, Prinn, Ronald, additional, Ramonet, Michel, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Riley, William J., additional, Rosentreter, Judith A., additional, Segers, Arjo, additional, Simpson, Isobel J., additional, Shi, Hao, additional, Smith, Steven J., additional, Steele, L. Paul, additional, Thornton, Brett F., additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tohjima, Yasunori, additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Tsuruta, Aki, additional, Viovy, Nicolas, additional, Voulgarakis, Apostolos, additional, Weber, Thomas S., additional, van Weele, Michiel, additional, van der Werf, Guido R., additional, Weiss, Ray F., additional, Worthy, Doug, additional, Wunch, Debra, additional, Yin, Yi, additional, Yoshida, Yukio, additional, Zhang, Wenxin, additional, Zhang, Zhen, additional, Zhao, Yuanhong, additional, Zheng, Bo, additional, Zhu, Qing, additional, Zhu, Qiuan, additional, and Zhuang, Qianlai, additional

Published
2020
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42. Supplementary material to "Regional variation in the effectiveness of methane-based and land-based climate mitigation options"

Author

Hayman, Garry D., primary, Comyn-Platt, Edward, additional, Huntingford, Chris, additional, Harper, Anna B., additional, Powell, Tom, additional, Cox, Peter M., additional, Collins, William, additional, Webber, Christopher, additional, Lowe, Jason, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, House, Joanna I., additional, Doelman, Jonathan C., additional, van Vuuren, Detlef P., additional, Chadburn, Sarah E., additional, Burke, Eleanor, additional, and Gedney, Nicola, additional

Published
2020
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43. Regional variation in the effectiveness of methane-based and land-based climate mitigation options

Author

Hayman, Garry D., primary, Comyn-Platt, Edward, additional, Huntingford, Chris, additional, Harper, Anna B., additional, Powell, Tom, additional, Cox, Peter M., additional, Collins, William, additional, Webber, Christopher, additional, Lowe, Jason, additional, Sitch, Stephen, additional, House, Joanna I., additional, Doelman, Jonathan C., additional, van Vuuren, Detlef P., additional, Chadburn, Sarah E., additional, Burke, Eleanor, additional, and Gedney, Nicola, additional

Published
2020
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46. UKESM1: Description and Evaluation of the U.K. Earth System Model

Author

Sellar, Alistair A., primary, Jones, Colin G., additional, Mulcahy, Jane P., additional, Tang, Yongming, additional, Yool, Andrew, additional, Wiltshire, Andy, additional, O'Connor, Fiona M., additional, Stringer, Marc, additional, Hill, Richard, additional, Palmieri, Julien, additional, Woodward, Stephanie, additional, Mora, Lee, additional, Kuhlbrodt, Till, additional, Rumbold, Steven T., additional, Kelley, Douglas I., additional, Ellis, Rich, additional, Johnson, Colin E., additional, Walton, Jeremy, additional, Abraham, Nathan Luke, additional, Andrews, Martin B., additional, Andrews, Timothy, additional, Archibald, Alex T., additional, Berthou, Ségolène, additional, Burke, Eleanor, additional, Blockley, Ed, additional, Carslaw, Ken, additional, Dalvi, Mohit, additional, Edwards, John, additional, Folberth, Gerd A., additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Griffiths, Paul T., additional, Harper, Anna B., additional, Hendry, Maggie A., additional, Hewitt, Alan J., additional, Johnson, Ben, additional, Jones, Andy, additional, Jones, Chris D., additional, Keeble, James, additional, Liddicoat, Spencer, additional, Morgenstern, Olaf, additional, Parker, Robert J., additional, Predoi, Valeriu, additional, Robertson, Eddy, additional, Siahaan, Antony, additional, Smith, Robin S., additional, Swaminathan, Ranjini, additional, Woodhouse, Matthew T., additional, Zeng, Guang, additional, and Zerroukat, Mohamed, additional

Published
2019
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47. The Global Methane Budget 2000–2017

Author

Saunois, Marielle, primary, Stavert, Ann R., additional, Poulter, Ben, additional, Bousquet, Philippe, additional, Canadell, Joseph G., additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Raymond, Peter A., additional, Dlugokencky, Edward J., additional, Houweling, Sander, additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Arora, Vivek K., additional, Bastviken, David, additional, Bergamaschi, Peter, additional, Blake, Donald R., additional, Brailsford, Gordon, additional, Bruhwiler, Lori, additional, Carlson, Kimberly M., additional, Carrol, Mark, additional, Castaldi, Simona, additional, Chandra, Naveen, additional, Crevoisier, Cyril, additional, Crill, Patrick M., additional, Covey, Kristofer, additional, Curry, Charles L., additional, Etiope, Giuseppe, additional, Frankenberg, Christian, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Hegglin, Michaela I., additional, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, additional, Hugelius, Gustaf, additional, Ishizawa, Misa, additional, Ito, Akihiko, additional, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, additional, Jensen, Katherine M., additional, Joos, Fortunat, additional, Kleinen, Thomas, additional, Krummel, Paul B., additional, Langenfelds, Ray L., additional, Laruelle, Goulven G., additional, Liu, Licheng, additional, Machida, Toshinobu, additional, Maksyutov, Shamil, additional, McDonald, Kyle C., additional, McNorton, Joe, additional, Miller, Paul A., additional, Melton, Joe R., additional, Morino, Isamu, additional, Müller, Jureck, additional, Murgia-Flores, Fabiola, additional, Naik, Vaishali, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, Noce, Sergio, additional, O'Doherty, Simon, additional, Parker, Robert J., additional, Peng, Changhui, additional, Peng, Shushi, additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Prigent, Catherine, additional, Prinn, Ronald, additional, Ramonet, Michel, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Riley, William J., additional, Rosentreter, Judith A., additional, Segers, Arjo, additional, Simpson, Isobel J., additional, Shi, Hao, additional, Smith, Steven J., additional, Steele, L. Paul, additional, Thornton, Brett F., additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tohjima, Yasunori, additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Tsuruta, Aki, additional, Viovy, Nicolas, additional, Voulgarakis, Apostolos, additional, Weber, Thomas S., additional, van Weele, Michiel, additional, van der Werf, Guido R., additional, Weiss, Ray F., additional, Worthy, Doug, additional, Wunch, Debra, additional, Yin, Yi, additional, Yoshida, Yukio, additional, Zhang, Wenxin, additional, Zhang, Zhen, additional, Zhao, Yuanhong, additional, Zheng, Bo, additional, Zhu, Qing, additional, Zhu, Qiuan, additional, and Zhuang, Qianlai, additional

Published
2019
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48. Supplementary material to "The Global Methane Budget 2000–2017"

Author

Saunois, Marielle, primary, Stavert, Ann R., additional, Poulter, Ben, additional, Bousquet, Philippe, additional, Canadell, Joseph G., additional, Jackson, Robert B., additional, Raymond, Peter A., additional, Dlugokencky, Edward J., additional, Houweling, Sander, additional, Patra, Prabir K., additional, Ciais, Philippe, additional, Arora, Vivek K., additional, Bastviken, David, additional, Bergamaschi, Peter, additional, Blake, Donald R., additional, Brailsford, Gordon, additional, Bruhwiler, Lori, additional, Carlson, Kimberly M., additional, Carrol, Mark, additional, Castaldi, Simona, additional, Chandra, Naveen, additional, Crevoisier, Cyril, additional, Crill, Patrick M., additional, Covey, Kristofer, additional, Curry, Charles L., additional, Etiope, Giuseppe, additional, Frankenberg, Christian, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Hegglin, Michaela I., additional, Höglund-Isaksson, Lena, additional, Hugelius, Gustaf, additional, Ishizawa, Misa, additional, Ito, Akihiko, additional, Janssens-Maenhout, Greet, additional, Jensen, Katherine M., additional, Joos, Fortunat, additional, Kleinen, Thomas, additional, Krummel, Paul B., additional, Langenfelds, Ray L., additional, Laruelle, Goulven G., additional, Liu, Licheng, additional, Machida, Toshinobu, additional, Maksyutov, Shamil, additional, McDonald, Kyle C., additional, McNorton, Joe, additional, Miller, Paul A., additional, Melton, Joe R., additional, Morino, Isamu, additional, Müller, Jureck, additional, Murgia-Flores, Fabiola, additional, Naik, Vaishali, additional, Niwa, Yosuke, additional, Noce, Sergio, additional, O'Doherty, Simon, additional, Parker, Robert J., additional, Peng, Changhui, additional, Peng, Shushi, additional, Peters, Glen P., additional, Prigent, Catherine, additional, Prinn, Ronald, additional, Ramonet, Michel, additional, Regnier, Pierre, additional, Riley, William J., additional, Rosentreter, Judith A., additional, Segers, Arjo, additional, Simpson, Isobel J., additional, Shi, Hao, additional, Smith, Steven J., additional, Steele, L. Paul, additional, Thornton, Brett F., additional, Tian, Hanqin, additional, Tohjima, Yasunori, additional, Tubiello, Francesco N., additional, Tsuruta, Aki, additional, Viovy, Nicolas, additional, Voulgarakis, Apostolos, additional, Weber, Thomas S., additional, van Weele, Michiel, additional, van der Werf, Guido R., additional, Weiss, Ray F., additional, Worthy, Doug, additional, Wunch, Debra, additional, Yin, Yi, additional, Yoshida, Yukio, additional, Zhang, Wenxin, additional, Zhang, Zhen, additional, Zhao, Yuanhong, additional, Zheng, Bo, additional, Zhu, Qing, additional, Zhu, Qiuan, additional, and Zhuang, Qianlai, additional

Published
2019
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50. The Met Office Unified Model Global Atmosphere 7.0/7.1 and JULES Global Land 7.0 configurations

Author

Walters, David, primary, Baran, Anthony J., additional, Boutle, Ian, additional, Brooks, Malcolm, additional, Earnshaw, Paul, additional, Edwards, John, additional, Furtado, Kalli, additional, Hill, Peter, additional, Lock, Adrian, additional, Manners, James, additional, Morcrette, Cyril, additional, Mulcahy, Jane, additional, Sanchez, Claudio, additional, Smith, Chris, additional, Stratton, Rachel, additional, Tennant, Warren, additional, Tomassini, Lorenzo, additional, Van Weverberg, Kwinten, additional, Vosper, Simon, additional, Willett, Martin, additional, Browse, Jo, additional, Bushell, Andrew, additional, Carslaw, Kenneth, additional, Dalvi, Mohit, additional, Essery, Richard, additional, Gedney, Nicola, additional, Hardiman, Steven, additional, Johnson, Ben, additional, Johnson, Colin, additional, Jones, Andy, additional, Jones, Colin, additional, Mann, Graham, additional, Milton, Sean, additional, Rumbold, Heather, additional, Sellar, Alistair, additional, Ujiie, Masashi, additional, Whitall, Michael, additional, Williams, Keith, additional, and Zerroukat, Mohamed, additional

Published
2019
Full Text
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