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Background Predicting disease severity can be informative for management of HUS. Dialysis requirement, volume depletion, elevated white blood cell counts, very young age, and use of antimotility agents are known factors associated with severe HUS. Methods A retrospective cohort analysis was performed to identify factors associated with dialysis duration using electronic medical record and chart review of 76 children [less than or equal to] 18 years of age at presentation with STEC-HUS identified through billing data from July 2008 to April 2020 at James Whitcomb Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University, Indiana. Results Novel findings associated with prolonged dialysis duration were age [greater than or equal to] 6 years old at presentation (p = 0.041) and lack of drop in platelets below 60,000/mm.sup.3 anytime during the illness (p = 0.015). In addition, children with NSAID exposure trended longer on dialysis: 15 days with vs. 10 days without (p = 0.117). Known risk factors for severe disease including elevated peak white blood cell (WBC) count and higher hematocrit at presentation were also associated with longer dialysis duration: children with peak WBC > 20,000/mm.sup.3 were on dialysis for 15 vs. 9.5 days (p = 0.002) and in children on dialysis [greater than or equal to] 14 days hematocrit at presentation was 29.6% vs. 24.2% (p = 0.03). Children requiring dialysis for 20 days or longer were more likely to be on anti-hypertensive medications (p = 0.025) and have chronic kidney disease at 12-month follow up (p = 0.044). Conclusions Age [greater than or equal to] 6, elevated WBC count > 20,000/mm.sup.3, higher hematocrit at presentation, lack of drop in platelets to < 60,000/mm.sup.3, and possibly NSAID exposure during illness are associated with longer dialysis duration in STEC-HUS. Graphical abstract, Author(s): Myda Khalid [sup.1] , Chloe Miller [sup.1] , Netsanet Gebregziabher [sup.2] , Zoe Guckien [sup.1] , Shrea Goswami [sup.1] , Anthony Perkins [sup.2] , Sharon Phillips Andreoli [sup.1] Author [...]

A process evaluation was conducted as part of a comparative effectiveness trial of a mailed interactive educational DVD intervention to promote colorectal cancer screening among average-risk patients who did not attend a scheduled colonoscopy. Participants (n = 371) for the trial were randomized to (1) mailed DVD, (2) mailed DVD plus patient navigation, or (3) usual care. Participants (n = 243) randomized to the two DVD intervention arms were called 2 weeks after mailing materials to complete a process evaluation interview about the DVD (September 2017–February 2020). Forty-nine (20%) participants were not reached, and 194 (80%) participants watched the DVD and completed the interview. The process evaluation assessed whether (1) the DVD content was helpful, (2) any new information was learned by participants, (3) the appropriate amount of information was included in the DVD, (4) participants were engaged when watching the DVD, (5) the DVD content was relevant, (6) participants were satisfied with the DVD (7) participants would recommend the DVD to others, and (8) their opinion about colorectal cancer screening was changed by watching the DVD. Among participants who watched the DVD, 99% reported the screening information was very or somewhat helpful, 47% learned new information, 75% said the DVD included the right amount of information, they were engaged (M = 3.35 out of 4, SD = 0.49), 87% reported all or most information applied to them, they were satisfied (M = 3.42 out of 4, SD = 0.39) with DVD content, 99% would recommend the DVD to others, and 45% reported changing their opinion about screening. To understand the effects of interventions being tested in trials and to plan the dissemination of evidence-based interventions, process evaluation is critical to assess the dose received and acceptability of behavioral interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]