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Osteoporosis (OP) is a global disease featured by decreased osteogenesis and overactivation of osteoclast generation with chronic inflammation, which has no satisfactory treatment currently. Accordingly, normalizing the inflammatory microenvironments by introducing osteogenic and anti-inflammatory agents is emerging as a promising approach for OP treatment. Herein, zinc-based zeolite imidazolium skeleton (ZIF-8) nanoparticles (NPs) are doped with cerium ions, loaded with alendronate sodium (Aln), and coated with poly-(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) (Aln/PSS@ZIF-8:Ce) for OP treatment. The NPs can be uniformly dispersed and remain stable at pH = 7.4 and gradually release Aln and Ce ions at pH = 6.8, thus potentially providing antioxidative activity in OP microenvironments. The in vitro study indicates that the NPs can not only promote osteogenic differentiation and biomineralization, but also inhibit osteoclast formation and bone resorption by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor κ-B signaling pathways. After intravenous injection into OP mice, the Aln/PSS@ZIF-8:Ce NPs due to their nanoscale properties can significantly reduce bone loss and delay OP progression. Additionally, the NPs exhibit good cytocompatibility in vitro and good histocompatibility in vivo with no adverse reaction. This study demonstrates the efficacy of Aln/PSS@ZIF-8:Ce NPs to normalize OP microenvironments and delay OP progression, and the NPs also hold promise for application in other inflammation-related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To bolster the dual-circulation development model and green economy, this study delves into the spatiotemporal dynamics of implied carbon transfer in China's inter-provincial and inter-industrial trade, emphasizing its significance for the "dual carbon" objectives. Utilizing multi-regional input-output data from 2012, 2015, and 2017, we employed the multi-region input-output model to gauge embodied carbon transfers across 31 provinces and 28 industries. The Structural Decomposition Analysis (SDA) model further decomposed the growth of trade-related carbon emissions. Key findings include: (1) The electricity and thermal power sectors dominate carbon transfers, with secondary industries seeing rapid growth; (2) Northern provinces significantly outweigh southern ones in carbon transfers and the main direction of it is towards affluent southern coastal regions; (3) Scale effect plays a pivotal role in these transfers. Conclusively, it is crucial for regulatory authorities to rationally formulate region-specific emission policies for inter-regional coordination, and future studies can focus on industrial and spatial clustering effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dye wastewater green treatment has always been one of the research hotspots in the environmental protection and remediation field. The photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of organic dyes are considered to be an energy conservation and effective wastewater remediation technology. Novel CuWO4/WO3 S-scheme nano-heterojunction microspheres were prepared through a convenient hydrothermal route and impregnation–calcination method. The structure, composition, electrochemistry and optical properties of the nano-heterojunction microspheres were systematically evaluated via XRD, SEM, TEM, electrochemical analysis and spectrometry, and the photocatalytic activity of CuWO4/WO3 was investigated using methylene blue (MB) as the probe under visible light irradiation. The CuWO4/WO3 S-scheme nano-heterojunction exhibited a boosted photocatalytic activity compared with WO3 owing to a decrease in carrier transfer resistance and an increase in carrier separation efficiency. The MB degradation rate of the CuWO4/WO3-10 S-scheme nano-heterojunction microspheres is 1.83 and 3.10 times higher than that of pure WO3·2H2O and WO3 microspheres, respectively. Based on the active species capture experiments and the Mott–Schottky curve, an S-scheme mechanism of the photogenerated carrier transfer was elucidated. This study reveals a design and method for the synthesis of S-scheme nano-heterojunction catalysts for application in the wastewater purification field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]