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Previous researchers have focused on the role of 24-epibrassnolide (EBR) in alleviating stresses in plants, whereas the effect of EBR on rice grain yield formation from the perspective of the whole growth stage remains less concerned. To further confirm the optimal application concentration and application periods of EBR in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under salt stress, a seed germination experiment, a seedling experiment, and a pot experiment were designed and conducted. Results showed that EBR treatment significantly enhanced germination indicators and seedling morphological traits, and the effects varied among different EBR concentrations, which were 0.5 > 1.0 > 0.1 > 0.05 mg L−1. Under 0.5% salt treatments, 0.5 mg L−1 EBR spraying significantly enhanced the seedling height, root length, above-/under-ground fresh weight, and above-/under-ground dry weight by 9.2%, 15.9%, 48.0%, 19.5%, 29.3%, and 12.5%, respectively. The spraying of EBR at different periods enhanced rice yield by 6.7% to 94.4% under salt stress. The relatively higher panicle number (increased by 42.9%) and spikelet number per panicle (increased by 96.1%) were the main reason resulting in higher grain yield under the S+T5 (EBR sprayed at both transplanting and heading stage) treatment. Compared to those under S treatment, catalase (CAT) activity was significantly enhanced by 25.0%, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content was dramatically decreased by 37.3% under the S+T5 treatment. The S+T5 treatment significantly enhanced the K+ content in rice root and leaf and decreased the Na+ content in rice root (by 30.4%), thereby leading to higher K+/Na+ under salt stress. The current study concluded that 0.5 mg L−1 was the optimal concentration of EBR in alleviating the adverse effect of salinity. Spraying (transplanting + heading) of EBR twice displayed the best alleviating effect under salt stress, which was realized through enhanced antioxidant enzyme, higher K+ maintenance in leaves, and lowered absorption of Na+ in rice root. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Simple posterolateral tibial plateau collapse fracture is very rare in the clinic. The displaced collapse fracture in this area must be anatomically reduced, filled with suitable materials, and fixed with internal fixators. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the stability, clinical results and biocompatibility of modified posterolateral approach to treat simple posterolateral tibial plateau collapse fracture wtth beta-trlcalclum phosphate combined with T-shaped locking plate. METHODS: Fifteen patients with simple posterolateral tibial plateau collapse fractures who received surgical treatment between June 2013 and December 2017 in Zhangjlagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University. These patients Included 8 males and 7 females, aged 25-53 years. All of them received surgical treatment with beta-trlcalcium phosphate combined with T-shaped locking plate through the modified posterolateral approach. After surgery, they were followed up for 12 months. X-ray examination was performed to evaluate fracture healing and internal fixation. Reduction effect was evaluated by Rasmussen radiology score. Knee function and stability were evaluated by HSS knee function score, Lachman test, pivot-shift test and lateral stress test. This study was approved by Medical Ethics Committee, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, China (approval No. 201305KS001). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients underwent anatomical reduction of knee fractures, and the fracture healing time was 9-14 weeks. At 12 months after surgery, β-tricalcium phosphate was completely absorbed and replaced by new bone, and repair of bone defect was satisfactory. (2) There were no significant differences in posterior tibia angle, varus angle, Rasmussen imaging collapse score and Rasmussen imaging total score between 12 months after surgery and immediately after surgery in 15 patients (P > 0.05). (3) At 12 months after surgery, the HSS score of the knee joint was 89-100, and Lachman test, pivot-shift test and lateral stress test results were negative In 15 patients. (4) During the follow up period, infection around implants, allergic reaction, immune reaction, or rejection reaction was not observed. (5) These findings suggest that treatment of simple posterolateral tibial plateau collapse fracture through the modified posterolateral approach with β-tricalcium phosphate combined with T-shaped locking plate exhibits good repair effects and biocompatibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of urban rail transit, the environmental vibration and secondary noise induced by metro train operation have become increasingly serious, posing stricter requirements on the vibration and secondary noise of sensitive building office (SBO) and sensitive building school (SBS). To predict and control the vibrations and secondary noise in sensitive buildings along the metro line induced by metro train operations. A prediction method for the vibration and secondary noise of sensitive buildings along the metro line during metro train operation has been proposed. The sub-model of train-track system coupled dynamics and the sub-model of track-tunnel-soil-building system dynamics are included. The influence of metro train operation on the vibration and secondary noise of SBO and SBS is studied. The influence of the distance between the metro line and the building on the vibration and secondary noise of the sensitive building is discussed, and an effective control scheme of vibration and secondary noise is proposed. Results show that the vibration frequencies of the SBS and the SBO caused by the metro train operation are concentrated at about 8Hz and 63Hz. The vibration below the second floor of SBO caused by the metro train operation exceeds the limit, and the secondary noise below the third floor of SBS exceeds the limit. The secondary noise inside the building of each floor of SBO exceeded the limit. Using secondary noise to evaluate the environmental impact of metro train operations is more stringent than relying solely on vibration assessments. secondary noise is recommended in engineering to assess the impact of metro train operation on sensitive buildings along line. Combined with vibration, secondary noise and construction requirements, SBS and SBO are recommended to be no less than 72m and 74m away from the metro line, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Interleukin-6 (IL6) -174C/G polymorphism was suggested to be associated with fracture risk. However, the results were inconsistent. Thus, we did a meta-analysis., Methods: Reported studies were searched from online electronic databases of Pubmed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the association between IL6 -174C/G polymorphism and fracture risk., Results: Six studies evaluated the association between IL6 -174C/G polymorphism and fracture risk. A significant association was found between IL6 -174C/G polymorphism and fracture risk (OR=1.25; 95% CI, 1.10-1.43; P=0.0008). In the subgroup analysis of gender, we found that women with IL6 -174C/G polymorphism had an increased fracture risk (OR=1.25; 95% CI, 1.07-1.46; P=0.005). In the subgroup analysis of type of fracture, we found that IL6 -174C/G polymorphism was significantly associated with wrist fracture (OR=1.25; 95% CI, 1.07-1.47; P=0.006) and osteoporotic fracture (OR=1.60; 95% CI, 1.12-2.28; P=0.009). However, no significant association was found between IL6 -174C/G polymorphism and hip fracture (OR=1.05; 95% CI, 0.89-1.24; P=0.53) and stress fracture (OR=1.25; 95% CI, 0.97-1.61; P=0.08)., Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggested that the IL6 -174C/G polymorphism was associated with wrist and osteoporotic fracture risk.