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The formation of carbon‐nitrogen bonds holds paramount importance in the realm of synthetic organic chemistry, finding extensive applications in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and organic materials. Herein, we describe a novel EDA complex mediated, metal‐ and photocatalyst‐free, visible‐light‐initiated direct C‐3 amination of biologically important, quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one moiety. The key to the success lies in the formation of a photoactivated electron donor‐acceptor complex between quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one and amine, which undergo subsequent electron transfer reaction to effect the desired transformation. A diverse array of 3‐aminoquinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones were prepared employing this process and the yields are up to 87%. This work represents a significant advancement toward a more environmentally friendly and efficient approach, characterized by mild reaction conditions and a high atom economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kalamkari is a traditional textile art form which is done using natural dyes and tools. There are two main types of kalamkari practised from the olden days - Srikalahasti and Machilipatnam. There exist two styles Kodalikaruppur and Karuppur styles of kalamkari. This study is about the Karuppur style of Kalamkari. The objective of this research is to understand and document the history of the hand-painted Karuppur style of kalamkari art and create new verge of trendy products that are appealing to the younger generation and can also save this beautiful form of art from extinction. A qualitative experimental and exploratory research method study used primary and secondary data. The primary data of the art was collected from the craftsman family who were practising Karuppur kalamkari in traditional methods. The secondary data was collected from websites, blogs and journals. The products designed and developed were a concoction of trend and tradition without extracting the essence of tradition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is characterized by impaired kidney function and its ability to maintain overall health. It often progresses slowly over time and can lead to serious complications if left untreated. In order to prevent consequences such as hypertension, anemia, bone fragility, poor nutrition, and neurological dysfunction, early identification of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is imperative. Large-scale datasets are mined for insights in the healthcare industry that help with well-informed decision-making. Machine learning has applications in user authentication, fraud detection, and medical science, demonstrating its adaptability to a range of problems, including the management of chronic kidney disease. Numerous machine learning algorithms and data mining classification techniques are used in the context of forecasting chronic diseases like CKD. The purpose of this study is to create a novel decision-support system for forecasting chronic kidney disease. In this study, the execution times, accuracy, and precision of Random Forest and SVM-KNN fusion are compared. The results indicate that SVM-KNN performs better in prediction accuracy than Random Forest, providing important insights into machine learning methods for CKD prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was conducted in the state of Kerala to analyse the training needs of 100 trainees of five Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVK). The findings indicated that the packaging & marketing of mushroom and post harvest handling value addition were the most preferred training areas by the KVK trainees in mushroom production. In apiculture, honey extraction essential operations was perceived as the most needed area of training. In the area of value addition of fruits and vegetables, technology upgradation and packaging marketing techniques were the most preferred areas by the trainees. Relational analysis revealed that socio-economic variables like educational status and annual income, communication variables like extension contact and mass media exposure and entrepreneurial variables like entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial need, entrepreneurial capacity, innovativeness, achievement motivation, decision making ability, risk orientation, self confidence, cosmopoliteness and economic motivation were found positively and significantly correlated with training needs. The KVKs should take concrete efforts to organize need based entrepreneurship development training programmes to improve effectiveness.

Covid19 is a pneumonia associated viral infection that originated from Wuhan city in December 2019. Air pollutants are substances which may harm humans,animals,vegetation or material. Lockdown is a simple optimal control for novel virus covid19 which led to a sharp decline in the PM level across the globe.The aim of the study is to determine understanding the awareness level among people about the air pollution plummets and the role of lockdown in reducing the PM level concerned with pollution.An online survey was conducted with a self structured questionnaire comprising 15 questions which was distributed through the google docs.The sample size of this study is100.The results were analysed by performing the statistical software “SPSS VERSION 20”. The data was represented in the pie chart form. The results of the current survey conducted states that it is evidence that around 80% are aware of the global problem air pollution and among them around 60% of the participants believe that the lockdown one among the preventionary measures taken against covid19 infection led to decline in the air pollution plummets level. It is also clear from this study that 71% of the people are aware of the PM level and among them 76% agree that the lockdown period has led to a fall in the PM level across the globe. The study concludes that the general population possess adequate knowledge about air pollution and its consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of electron beam irradiation on the electrical and the optical properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) thin films, prepared by the sol-gel technique, were investigated. The grain size, surface morphology, sheet resistance, optical constants, absorption edge, and direct and indirect optical band gaps of these films were analyzed before and after exposure to electron beam. The decrease in the structural homogeneity and the crystallinity of the films after exposure to electron irradiation is observed. The irradiation causes increase in the sheet resistance and blueshift in the absorption edge for both ZnO and ZnO:Al films. The change in carrier concentration due to doping as well as the exposure to electron beam are responsible for the modified electrical and optical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diatom analysis, despite its existence in archaeological science for over seven decades, remains an underutilized technique. While diatoms are often employed in site-based palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, their application in pottery sourcing and typology is relatively limited. This study focuses on diatom analysis of pottery sherds collected from six Iron Age sites in the lower Kaveri River Basin, Tamil Nadu, India. Scanning Electron Microscopy was utilized to examine the diatoms in 78 samples from 26 pottery sherds across these sites. The analysis revealed the presence of aquatic diatoms, predominantly from freshwater environments, along with desiccation-tolerant taxa belonging to the genera Nitzschia, Hantzschia, Luticola, Stauroneis and Tryblionella. Notably, the dominant genera were Nitzschia (70.73%), Hantzschia (21.95%) and Luticola (4.87%). These findings confirm the presence of a lacustrine environment with mesotrophic to eutrophic conditions and suggest that the clay used in pottery originated from a freshwater source. Moreover, this study highlights the potential of diatom analysis in reconstructing local environments and shedding light on the palaeoenvironmental conditions underlying archaeological sediment deposition in a tropical context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new meta-heuristic bio-inspired optimization algorithm which is called Cuttle Fish Optimization algorithm (CFO). CFO is based on the color changing behavior of cuttlefish to find the optimal solution. The patterns and colors that are seen in cuttlefish are produced by reflected light from different layers of cells and it is the combination of certain cells at once that allows cuttlefish to possess such a large array of patterns and colors. In this paper the Solar Photo Voltaic (SPV) array is used which is receiving wide attention now days because the everlasting solar energy is the best alternative to the conventional energy sources. This work primarily focuses on the design and development of an efficient solar photovoltaic array utilizing a Landsman Converter with PID controller. Fuzzy logic controller and CuttleFish optimization techniques are used for the optimized control of the converter output voltage. The CuttleFish optimization technique has been found to provide better results for randomly varying atmospheric conditions as compared to the existing control schemes. This topology is designed and modeled in MATLAB/Simulink platform and its performance under varying environmental conditions is studied. Moreover the efficiency of the PV array for various control schemes is analyzed rigorously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study finds out that the Savings is the important source for the developing nations. So it should be properly mobilized through various ways. The financial education is about disseminating Knowledge and Information about products and services offered by banks and other institutions. The objective is to make people aware of the risks and rewards so that they can make an informed choice. The success of savings depends upon the bankers, financial institutions and government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 26-year-old male presented with complaints of dry cough of six months and progressive breathlessness of three months duration. He was coughing out milky white sputum for two months and had lost 12 kg weight in two months. He had an evening rise in temperature of one month duration. Clinically, the patient was in respiratory distress and the respiratory system examination revealed bilateral velcro crackles. High resolution computed tomography chest showed bilateral diffuse reticulonodular opacities and "Crazy Paving" pattern suggestive of alveolar proteinosis. Broncho alveolar lavage showed eosinophilic granular material, which was periodic acid-Schiff positive. Open lung biopsy was done to confirm the diagnosis and the histopathologic examination revealed eosinophilic secretions with granular appearance suggestive of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Subsequently, patient underwent bilateral sequential whole lung lavage under general anesthesia. Patient showed marked clinical and radiological improvement after sequential whole lung lavage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A pictorial quiz concerning the disease causing bronchoscopic changes is presented.