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145 results on '"Gay, M. J."'

25. Cloud Chemistry Research at Great Dun Fell

Author

Chandler, A. S., Choularton, T. W., Gay, M. J., Hill, T. A., Jones, A., Morse, A. P., Tyler, B. J., Dollard, G. J., Jones, B. M. R., Penkett, S. A., Unsworth, M. H., editor, and Fowler, D., editor

Published
1988
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31. A field study of the generation of nitrate in a hill cap cloud.

Author

Choularton, T W, Wicks, A J, Downer, R M, Gallagher, M W, Penkett, S A, Bandy, B J, Dollard, G J, Jones, BHR, Davies, T D, Gay, M J, Tyler, B J, Fowler, D., Cape, J.N., Hargreaves, K J, Choularton, T W, Wicks, A J, Downer, R M, Gallagher, M W, Penkett, S A, Bandy, B J, Dollard, G J, Jones, BHR, Davies, T D, Gay, M J, Tyler, B J, Fowler, D., Cape, J.N., and Hargreaves, K J

Abstract

A field experiment to investigate the formation of nitrate as an airstream passes through a hill cap cloud has been performed at the UMIST field station on Great Dun Fell. It has been shown that the aerosol nitrate concentration increased by about 0·5 μg m−3 as the airstream passed through the cloud during the night. At sunrise the nitrate production disappeared. It is suggested that the most likely mechanism for this nitrate production was due to the solution of N2O5 and NO3 formed from the reaction of NO2 with O3. These higher oxides build up overnight in the absence of short wave radiation to photolyse them. Other possible mechanisms of nitrate production are also discussed.

Published
1992

34. Case studies of the oxidation of sulphur dioxide in a hill cap cloud using ground and aircraft based measurements

Author

Gallagher, M. W., primary, Downer, R. M., additional, Choularton, T. W., additional, Gay, M. J., additional, Stromberg, I., additional, Mill, C. S., additional, Radojevic, M., additional, Tyler, B. J., additional, Bandy, B. J., additional, Penkett, S. A., additional, Davies, T. J., additional, Dollard, G. J., additional, and Jones, B. M. R., additional

Published
1990
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42. A city looks at its problem of drug abuse by injection.

Author

Bishop, B. P., Cave, G. C., Gay, M. J., and Morgan, H. G.

Subjects
INTRAVENOUS drug abuse, INTRAVENOUS drug abusers, DRUG abuse, AGE distribution, BARBITURATES, CRIME, DOCUMENTATION, DRUGS, DRUGS of abuse, INTRAVENOUS injections, MEDICAL records, MEDICAL prescriptions, METHADONE hydrochloride, OPIUM, SUBSTANCE abuse, RETROSPECTIVE studies, DISEASE complications
Abstract

A retrospective, multi-source screening study has detected 148 users (110 males, 38 females) of intravenous drugs who presented to all relevant agencies between 1971 and 1973 in Bristol, a city where maintenance therapy is a very infrequent practice. The peak prevalence was found in the age group 20-24 years, and it appeared that the chief sources of drugs were burglaries of chemists' shops and general practitioner prescriptions. Sixty-four per cent of our users had not been notified to the Home Office. Suggestions are made for the future monitoring and development of services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1976
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43. The late effects of loss of parents in childhood.

Author

Gay, M. J. and Tonge, W. L.

Subjects
SCIENTIFIC experimentation, PSYCHOLOGICAL research, BEREAVEMENT, MENTAL illness, PERSONALITY disorders, NEUROSES, DIAGNOSIS, PSYCHOTHERAPY patients, CHILDREN, AGING, DEATH, MENTAL depression, DIVORCE, FAMILIES, FATHER-child relationship, GRIEF, MOTHER-child relationship, PARENT-child relationships
Abstract

The article presents a study on the late psychiatric effects of the loss of parents during childhood. The study aimed at testing the hypothesis that the loss of parents in childhood would predispose to psychometric rather than endogenous illnesses. Likewise, it is believed that a history of childhood parental loss would be found more frequently in patients suffering from neurotic and personality disorders. It was seen that the frequency of parental loss is not the same in every diagnostic category. It is also found that the diagnostic categories of reactive depression, neurosis and personality disorder includes the majority of illnesses judged to be of psychogenic origin.

Published
1967
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44. The influence of altitude on rainfall composition at great dun fell

Author

Fowler, D., Cape, J. N., Leith, I. D., Thomas Choularton, Gay, M. J., and Jones, A.

Subjects
Hydrology, Atmospheric sciences, Pollution, Dilution, chemistry.chemical_compound, Altitude, chemistry, Nitrate, Cloud base, Environmental science, Acid rain, Precipitation, Sulfate, Orographic lift
Abstract

The influence of altitude on rainfall composition and wet deposition has been investigated at Great Dun Fell in northern England. Measurements of rainfall at eight altitudes between 250 and 850 m on the western slopes of the hill show marked changes in both amount and composition when orographic cloud is present and a west or southwest wind is blowing. On average (20 precipitation events from autumn 1984 and spring 1985), the rainfall at the summit (847 m) exceeded that at 250 m by a factor of 2, and concentrations of SO2−4, NO−3, Cl−, NH+4 and H+ were larger at the summit by factors of between 2.2 and 3.1. Thus, wet deposition at the summit was larger than at 250 m by about a factor of 5. The concentrations of major ions in orographie cloud at 847 m exceeded concentrations in rain by a factor of between 2.0 and 3.9. A large change occurred in the concentrations of major ions in orographie cloud with altitude, decreasing with increasing altitude from cloud base. Such changes could generally be explained by the expected dilution as cloud liquid water content increased adiabatically. When the wind was from the east or with blocked flow no increase in concentration or rainfall amount was observed.

Published
1988

50. Measurements of H2O2and SO2in clouds and estimates of their reaction rate

Author

Chandler, A. S., Choularton, T. W., Dollard, G. J., Eggleton, A. E. J., Gay, M. J., Hill, T. A., Jones, B. M. R., Tyler, B. J., Bandy, B. J., and Penkett, S. A.

Abstract

Recently the oxidation of sulphur dioxide (SO2) in the atmosphere to form sulphuric acid has become an important research area related to the formation of acid rain and subsequent damage to sensitive ecosystems. Mechanisms leading to the formation of sulphuric acid include both homogeneous gas-phase reactions and multi-phase processes occurring in cloud and rain water1. Laboratory and theoretical studies have demonstrated the importance of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in oxidizing SO2to sulphate2–4. Recent advances in analytical techniques5,6have enabled data to be collected under ambient conditions. These show that an anti-correlation often exists between the simultaneous gas-phase SO2and the liquid-phase H2O2concentrations, suggesting that a reaction occurs between SO2and H2O2(refs 7–9). Here we report measurements that allow estimation of a field-derived rate constant for the reaction of SO2with H2O2in cloud water. These estimates are significantly higher than those derived from laboratory experiments.

Published
1988
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