Search

Metal Oxide Semiconductor capacitors were fabricated using p-type O-terminated (001) diamond and zirconium dioxide deposited by atomic layer deposition at low temperature (100 ◦C). X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy evidence monoclinic structure and polycrystalline nature of the oxide layer. I-V, C–V and C–F experiments have been performed in a large frequency range, i.e. from 1 Hz to 1 MHz, in order to analyse the electrical properties of the metal/dielectric/diamond stack. The presence of charges in the oxide and interface states induces a flat-band voltage shift in the C–V curve and a strong Fermi level pinning effect. A leakage current mechanism considering the correlation of the microstructural characterization and the electrical response is proposed., The authors would like to thank the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) of the Spanish Government for funding under Grant No. TEC2017-86347-C2-1-R (DiamMOS project) and from ESP2017 91820 and PID2019 -110219RB-100, PID2020-117201RB-C21 projects. The authors would also thank the Junta de Andalucía (Comunidad Autónoma of Andalusia Government, Spain) for funding from FEDER-UCA18-106470, FEDER-UCA18-107851 and P20-00946 projects and as well as the grants for stays in research centres from the Promotion Programme of Research Activity of the University of Cadiz. In addition the authors acknowledge the expertise and support on different techniques allowing device fabrication (laser lithography and ALD) and characterization (XRD) of: Bruno Fernandez (Nanofab, Inst. Néel, CNRS, Grenoble), Laurent Cagnon and Eric Mossang (Inst. Néel, CNRS, Grenoble). The authors also thank to IMEYMAT (University of Cádiz) for the TEM facilities used in the microstructural characterization.

À partir principalement des documents officiels des gouvernements canadien et québécois, l’auteur procède à une étude minutieuse de leur politique multiculturelle, tout en dégageant leurs similitudes et leurs différences. Il ressort de l’analyse que les politiques ethniques sont axées sur l’idée centrale que l’individu ne peut jouir de sa liberté qu’en autant qu’il n’est pas coupé de son ethnie. Ainsi, l’État, en garantissant la pleine existence de cette dernière, contribue également à l’épanouissement individuel. D’où la principale importance du pouvoir de l’État qui l’habilite à garantir la survie de l’ethnie comme celle de l’individu.Cependant, la politique fédérale du multiculturalisme et la politique québécoise de la convergence culturelle entraînent dans leur conceptualisation même l’assimilation aux groupes dominants. Enfin, si la politique multiculturelle est un élément non négligeable dans la construction de l’unité du Canada, il en est tout autrement pour le Québec qui cherche à sauvegarder sa particularité., The author carefully analyses similarities and differences between multicultural policies of the Québec and Canadian governments as evidenced by official documents. The main theme inherent in these documents is that the individual cannot enjoy freedom if he is cut off from his ethnic community. Thus the State, by supporting the existence of ethnic communities, enrichens the life of individuals. State power is legitimated in terms of support for ethnic communities as well as individuals. Nevertheless, the policies of both the federal (Canadian) and Québec (provincial) governments tend to encourage assimilation. The author concludes that while multicultural policy of the federal government does make a contribution towards Canadian unity, the situation is different in Quebec where the goal of protecting a cultural heritage is also seen as necessary., A partir principalmente de documentos oficiales de los gobiernos canadiense y del Québec, el autor realiza un estudio minucioso de sus políticas multi-culturales, tratando de subrayar sus semejanzas y sus diferencias. El análisis muestra que las políticas étnicas están centradas en la idea que el individuo no puede gozar de su libertad que si no ha cortado sus lazos con su etnía. Así, cuando el Estado garantiza la existencia plena de ésta, contribuye al mismo tiempo al desarrollo individual: de allí la importancia del poder del Estado, que lo habilita a garantizar al mismo tiempo la supervivencia de la etnía y del individuo. A pesar de esta orientación, la política federal del multiculturalismo y la política del Québec de la convergencia cultural conllevan en su conceptualización misma una asimilación a los grupos dominantes. Por último, si la política multi-cultural es un elemento importante en la construcción de la unidad canadiense, la situación es diferente para el Québec, que busca la defensa de su particularidad.