48 results on '"Gattino S"'
Search Results
2. Dyadic Predictors of Child Body Shame in a Polish and Italian Sample
- Author
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Czepczor-Bernat, K., Modrzejewska, J., Modrzejewska, A., Calandri, E., Gattino, S., and Rollero, C.
- Subjects
Adolescent ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Shame ,child body shame ,perfectionism ,body dissatisfaction ,parent-child dyad ,Poland ,Italy ,Attitude ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Perfectionism ,Parent-Child Relations - Abstract
The present study aimed at assessing the predictors (related to the functioning of a parent-child dyad) of child body shame. Therefore, in the main analysis we examined relationships among child body shame, child perfectionism, child body dissatisfaction, parent body shame, parent perfectionism, and parent body dissatisfaction. In our main hypothesis we assumed that higher levels of the abovementioned parent functioning-related variables would be associated with higher child body shame after accounting for the effects of the foregoing child functioning-related variables. The analysis finally included complete data from 420 participants, i.e., a 115 Polish and 95 Italian parent-child dyad. Participants completed: (a) child: the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale for Youth, the Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale, the Children’s Body Image Scale/the Figure Rating Scale; (b) parent: the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale, the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and the Contour Drawing Rating Scale. The results of a correlational analysis show that in both the Polish and Italian samples, the higher the level of child body shame, the higher the level of the following variables: child perfectionism, child body dissatisfaction, parent perfectionism, and parent body dissatisfaction. Interestingly, the only insignificant relationship in both samples is the association between body shame in both members of the child-parent dyad. Moreover, all steps of the regressions were significant in both Polish and Italian samples. It turned out that only in the Italian sample were all predictors significantly associated with a child’s body shame (in the Polish sample there was no significant association between child’s body shame and parent’s perfectionism). To sum up, the above studies show the importance of considering the functioning of the parent-child dyad in understanding child body shame. These findings suggest that parents’ attitudes toward their bodies and their beliefs about an ideal self should be taken into account when planning interventions to improve children’s and adolescents’ attitudes toward their bodies. This is so because it is possible for children to internalize their parents’ beliefs about how to look and how critical one should be of themselves, which can result in strong body shame when they are not perfect enough against the internalized ideal. Therefore, it is also necessary to make parents aware that children’s attitude toward their body is often a reflection of parents’ attitude toward the body.
- Published
- 2022
3. COVID-19 in our lives: Sense of community, sense of community responsibility, and reflexivity in present concerns and perception of the future
- Author
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Gattino, S., Rizzo, M., Gatti, F., Compare, C., Procentese, F., Guarino, A., Di Napoli, I., Barbieri, I., Fedi, A., Aresi, Giovanni Umberto, Marta, Elena, Marzana, Daniela, Prati, G., Rochira, A., Tzankova, I., Albanesi, C., Aresi G. (ORCID:0000-0002-5974-4106), Marta E. (ORCID:0000-0002-2119-5148), Marzana D. (ORCID:0000-0002-8021-4476), Gattino, S., Rizzo, M., Gatti, F., Compare, C., Procentese, F., Guarino, A., Di Napoli, I., Barbieri, I., Fedi, A., Aresi, Giovanni Umberto, Marta, Elena, Marzana, Daniela, Prati, G., Rochira, A., Tzankova, I., Albanesi, C., Aresi G. (ORCID:0000-0002-5974-4106), Marta E. (ORCID:0000-0002-2119-5148), and Marzana D. (ORCID:0000-0002-8021-4476)
- Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the association between citizens' perceptions of the effectiveness of the institutional response, their connection and responsibility to their community (Sense of Community—SoC; Sense of Community Responsibility—SoC-R), and their personal and social concerns about the current emergency and their perceptions of a postpandemic future during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Another variable considered was the personal reflexivity about the COVID-19 pandemic. 3925 Italian adults completed an online questionnaire during the first COVID-19 lockdown. A structural equation model with mediation was tested. Institutional effectiveness was associated with SoC, SoC-R, current social concerns, and perceptions of a postpandemic future. SoC and SoC-R were associated with current personal and social concerns, and perceptions of a postpandemic future. Reflexivity was negatively associated with SoC and positively associated with SoC-R, mediating the relationships between SoC, SoC-R and current personal and social concerns and perceptions of a postpandemic future. Findings indicate the need to adopt a perspective that considers individual and socio-political levels and their interaction to better understand the impact of the pandemic during a national lockdown.
- Published
- 2022
4. Prosocial behaviours under collective quarantine conditions. A latent class analysis study during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown in Italy
- Author
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Aresi, Giovanni Umberto, Procentese, F., Gattino, S., Tzankova, I., Gatti, F., Compare, C., Marzana, Daniela, Mannarini, T., Fedi, A., Marta, Elena, Guarino, A., Aresi G. (ORCID:0000-0002-5974-4106), Marzana D. (ORCID:0000-0002-8021-4476), Marta E. (ORCID:0000-0002-2119-5148), Aresi, Giovanni Umberto, Procentese, F., Gattino, S., Tzankova, I., Gatti, F., Compare, C., Marzana, Daniela, Mannarini, T., Fedi, A., Marta, Elena, Guarino, A., Aresi G. (ORCID:0000-0002-5974-4106), Marzana D. (ORCID:0000-0002-8021-4476), and Marta E. (ORCID:0000-0002-2119-5148)
- Abstract
We aimed to identify the patterns of prosocial behaviours under collective quarantine conditions. Survey data were collected from a sample of Italian adults during the March May 2020 COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. Participants reported on offline and online prosocial behaviours, sense of community responsibility (SoC-R) and perceptions of community resilience. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used for data analysis. A total of 4,045 participants completed the survey, and 2,562 were eligible (72% female; mean age 38.7 years). LCA revealed four classes of prosocial behaviours: Money donors (7%), Online and offline helpers (59%), Online health information sharers (21%) and Neighbour helpers (13%). The classes were partially invariant across age groups (18-35 and 35-65 years). Being a man, having achieved a higher educational level and higher SoC-R scores were associated with belonging to the Online and offline helper class. The members of this class also reported the greatest perceptions of community resilience. The results provide insight on the multidimensionality of prosociality under collective quarantine conditions. Online and offline helpers could be targeted for promoting sustained altruism and involvement in community organisations. For the other groups, programmes should aim at eliminating barriers to help others in multiple ways. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
- Published
- 2022
5. Predictors of prosocial behavior during the covid-19 national lockdown in italy: Testing the role of psychological sense of community and other community assets
- Author
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Compare, C., Prati, G., Guarino, A., Gatti, F., Procentese, F., Fedi, A., Aresi, G. U., Gattino, S., Marzana, D., Tzankova, I., Albanesi, C., Compare C., Prati G., Guarino A., Gatti F., Procentese F., Fedi A., Aresi G.U., Gattino S., Marzana D., Tzankova I., Albanesi C., Compare, Christian, Prati, Gabriele, Guarino, Antonella, Gatti, Flora, Procentese, Fortuna, Fedi, Angela, Umberto Aresi, Giovanni, Gattino, Silvia, Marzana, Daniela, Tzankova, Iana, and Albanesi, Cinzia
- Subjects
Prosocial Behavior, Sense of Community Responsibility, COVID-19, Pandemic, Sense of Community, Resilience ,Pandemic ,Resilience ,COVID-19 ,Prosocial behavior ,Sense of community ,Sense of community responsibility ,Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE - Abstract
There is growing support for viewing communities as a multilevel construct in which the interdependence between individuals and community systems contributes to the promotion of individual responsibilities in thinking and enacting changes to respond to people’s and community’s needs. However, there is currently scant evidence regarding the influence of psychological sense of community and the role of community assets on prosocial behavior during the COVID-19 national lockdown. The main aim of the current study was to test a conceptual model of community assets as predictors of prosocial behavior during Italy’s COVID-19 national lockdown. A sample of 3,964 Italian adults was involved in the current study. We collected data using an online questionnaire, between April 12 and May 21, 2020, during the nationwide lockdown restrictions. To collect data, we employed convenience and virtual snowball sampling strategies (i.e., email, social networks, and online channels). Using structural equation modeling, we found that prosocial behavior was predicted by sense of community responsibility but not by sense of community. Moreover, sense of community and sense of community responsibility were predicted by community members’ perception of its assets, in particular collective resilience and adequate information. Finally, trust in the institutional response to the pandemic predicted community members’ perception of collective resilience and receiving adequate information through the community. The present study suggests that community qualities, positively perceived by community members, are crucial in promoting prosocial behaviors and producing collective goods during a pandemic.
- Published
- 2021
6. Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the sense of community responsibility scale
- Author
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Prati G., Procentese F., Albanesi C., Cicognani E., Fedi A., Gatti F., Mannarini T., Rochira A., Tartaglia S., Boyd N., Nowell B, Gattino S., Prati, Gabriele, Procentese, Fortuna, Albanesi, Cinzia, Cicognani, Elvira, Fedi, Angela, Gatti, Flora, Mannarini, Terri, Rochira, Alessia, Tartaglia, Stefano, Boyd, Neil, Nowell, Branda, Gattino, Silvia, Prati, G., Procentese, F., Albanesi, C., Cicognani, E., Fedi, A., Gatti, F., Mannarini, T., Rochira, A., Tartaglia, S., Boyd, N., Nowell, B, amp, and Gattino, S.
- Subjects
Adult ,Cross-Cultural Comparison ,Male ,inorganic chemicals ,validity ,Psychometrics ,Social Psychology ,Scale (ratio) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sense of community ,cross-cultural validation ,measurement ,reliability ,sense of community ,sense of community responsibility ,050109 social psychology ,Context (language use) ,Personal Satisfaction ,cross‐cultural validation, measurement, reliability, sense of community, sense of community responsibility, validity ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Resource (project management) ,Internal consistency ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Social Behavior ,Function (engineering) ,Reliability (statistics) ,Aged ,media_common ,Social Responsibility ,05 social sciences ,Discriminant validity ,Reproducibility of Results ,Middle Aged ,Social Participation ,Italy ,Empowerment ,Female ,sense organs ,Factor Analysis, Statistical ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,psychological phenomena and processes ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
The central aim of the present research was to examine the psychometric properties of adapted versions of the sense of community (SOC) responsibility scale in three Italian samples. We examined the psychometric properties of three modified versions of the sense of community responsibility (SOC‐R) scale. Consistent with the original scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that the scale was unidimensional and exhibited excellent internal consistency. In addition, factor analyses revealed that SOC responsibility and SOC are two separate, albeit related, constructs. The results also provided evidence of the discriminant validity of SOC and SOC‐R on key outcomes. Taken together, these results provide support for the Community Experience Model , which posits that community experiences are a function of resource and responsibility components, as well as for the adaptable nature of the SOC‐R scale to the Italian context.
- Published
- 2020
7. Sessismo ed empatia: quale relazione con la consapevolezza di genere in medicina? Uno studio psicosociale su un campione di medici di medicina generale in formazione
- Author
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De Piccoli, N., Gattino, S., Miozzo, S., Tanturri, G., and Grosso, M.
- Subjects
medicina di genere, sessismo, stereotipi ,medicina di genere ,sessismo ,stereotipi - Published
- 2020
8. Fattori protettivi e di rischio del processo di auto-oggettivazione: una ricerca cross-culturale
- Author
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Gattino, S., Fedi, A., Rollero, C., Boza, M., Brytek-Matera, A., Czepczor-Bernat, K., Lemoine, J. E., Reza, S. N., and Wilson, E.
- Subjects
auto-oggettivazione ,Body Shame ,auto-oggettivazione, Body Shame, Body Surveillance, differenze culturali ,differenze culturali ,Body Surveillance - Published
- 2019
9. Gli antecedenti biologici, psicologici e sociali dell’auto-oggettivazione. Uno studio cross-culturale
- Author
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Gattino, S., Rollero, C., De Piccoli, N., Fedi, A., and Boza, M.
- Published
- 2018
10. The follow-up and lifestyle (FUCSAM project). Oncology Network of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta (ROPVdA): update 2016.
- Author
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Sarli, F., primary, Giordano, L., additional, Gallo, F., additional, Romaniello, I., additional, Pietribiasi, F., additional, Solerio, D., additional, Pacquola, M.G., additional, Castiglione, F., additional, Bellingeri, P., additional, De Piccoli, N., additional, Fedi, A., additional, Gattino, S., additional, Finocchiaro, C., additional, Mano, M.P., additional, Monagheddu, C., additional, Ceccarelli, M., additional, Ciccone, G., additional, Senore, C., additional, Mistrangelo, M., additional, and Bertetto, O., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. The follow-up and lifestyle (FUCSAM project). Oncology Network of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta (ROPVdA): preliminary data
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Bertetto, O., primary, Pacquola, M.G., additional, Romaniello, I., additional, Castiglione, F., additional, Bellingeri, P., additional, De Piccoli, N., additional, Fedi, A., additional, Gattino, S., additional, Finocchiaro, C., additional, Mistrangelo, M., additional, Mano, M.P., additional, Monagheddu, C., additional, Viale, M., additional, Ciccone, G., additional, Senore, C., additional, and Giordano, L., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Citizenship between inclusion and exclusion: the social representation of the immigrant
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Gattino, S., Miglietta, A., Ceccarini, L., and Rollero, C.
- Published
- 2007
13. Mass-media, linguaggio e razzismo: una prospettiva teorica e un contributo di ricerca
- Author
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Miglietta A, Gattino S, Montali, L, Riva, P, Frigerio, A, Mele, S, MONTALI, LORENZO, RIVA, PAOLO, FRIGERIO, ALESSANDRA, Mele S., Miglietta A, Gattino S, Montali, L, Riva, P, Frigerio, A, Mele, S, MONTALI, LORENZO, RIVA, PAOLO, FRIGERIO, ALESSANDRA, and Mele S.
- Published
- 2012
14. 'Italiani brava gente.' Effetti di un mito storico sulle relazioni sociali contempranee
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Miglietta, A, Gattino, S, Volpato, C, Andrighetto, L, Mari, S, Gabbiadini, A, Durante, F, VOLPATO, CHIARA, ANDRIGHETTO, LUCA, MARI, SILVIA, GABBIADINI, ALESSANDRO, DURANTE, FEDERICA, Miglietta, A, Gattino, S, Volpato, C, Andrighetto, L, Mari, S, Gabbiadini, A, Durante, F, VOLPATO, CHIARA, ANDRIGHETTO, LUCA, MARI, SILVIA, GABBIADINI, ALESSANDRO, and DURANTE, FEDERICA
- Published
- 2012
15. S24 - The follow-up and lifestyle (FUCSAM project). Oncology Network of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta (ROPVdA): update 2016.
- Author
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Sarli, F., Giordano, L., Gallo, F., Romaniello, I., Pietribiasi, F., Solerio, D., Pacquola, M.G., Castiglione, F., Bellingeri, P., De Piccoli, N., Fedi, A., Gattino, S., Finocchiaro, C., Mano, M.P., Monagheddu, C., Ceccarelli, M., Ciccone, G., Senore, C., Mistrangelo, M., and Bertetto, O.
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- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. R35 - The follow-up and lifestyle (FUCSAM project). Oncology Network of Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta (ROPVdA): preliminary data
- Author
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Bertetto, O., Pacquola, M.G., Romaniello, I., Castiglione, F., Bellingeri, P., De Piccoli, N., Fedi, A., Gattino, S., Finocchiaro, C., Mistrangelo, M., Mano, M.P., Monagheddu, C., Viale, M., Ciccone, G., Senore, C., and Giordano, L.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Predictors and Mediators of Psychosocial Wellbeing and Discomfort across Different Occupational Sectors. First Research Results
- Author
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Converso, D., primary, Gattino, S., additional, Loera, B., additional, Viotti, S., additional, and Hindrichs, I., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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18. The different dimensions of risk perception: The role of individual traits and watching TV
- Author
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Tartaglia Stefano, Gattino Silvia, and Bimbo Caterina Anna Antonia
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risk perception ,television programs ,insecurity ,personality ,structural equation modeling ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the relation between watching various types of TV programs and risk perception. Because risk perception is a complex phenomenon, we focused also on the role of personal (gender, educational level, personality) and contextual characteristics (living in a large, mid-sized, or small city) in the development of social concerns. A self-reported pen and paper questionnaire was administered to 316 Italian adults. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis to identify different groups of perceived risk causes, which revealed three factors: Violence, Politics and Economy, and Environment. We verified the relations among factors of risk perception, TV genres, and personal dimensions via structural equation modelling. Viewing News and Public Affairs was positively related to all dimensions; Films and TV series were positively related to Violence, and Reality and Variety Shows is not related to any factor of risk perception. Educational level was negatively related to all risk perception factors and to watching Reality and Variety Shows. Neuroticism was positively associated with Violence and Politics and Economy, whereas living in a large city was negatively related to Violence.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Protective versus risk factors for self-objectification in different age and gender cohorts
- Author
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Rollero Chiara, Gattino Silvia, de Piccoli Norma, and Fedi Angela
- Subjects
self-objectification ,body shame ,body surveillance ,gender ,age ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
The harmful effects of objectification and self-objectification have been widely investigated, but few studies have examined factors that may predict self-objectification. This research intends to assess the protective versus risk role of sociodemographic and physical characteristics (age, BMI), psychosocial variables (self-esteem; self-oriented perfectionism and socially prescribed perfectionism), and social factors (influence of family and friends; internalization of media standards) on self-objectification in men and women. The selfobjectification was assessed with two subscales of the Objectified Body Consciousness Scale: Body Shame and Body Surveillance. Participants were 812 Italian adults of different age cohorts (age range 21–60 years; 50.7% females) recruited via a quota sampling method. Two regression models separately for males and females were performed. Results showed that mass media influence was the strongest predictor for body surveillance and body shame in both men and women, whereas gender-related patterns emerged for physical, psychological, and relational variables with age as moderator.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. NOSOTROS SOMOS, VOSOTROS SOIS: LAS REPRESENTACIONES SOCIALES DEL CIUDADANO Y DEL INMIGRANTE.
- Author
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Gattino, S., Miglietta, A., Ceccarini, L., and Rollero, C.
- Subjects
CITIZENSHIP ,IMMIGRANTS ,EMIGRATION & immigration ,SOCIAL attitudes - Abstract
Copyright of Psicologia Politica is the property of Libreria Univ de Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2008
21. The akrami, ekehammar, and araya's classical and modern racial prejudice scale in the italian context
- Author
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Gattino, S., Miglietta, A., and Silvia TESTA
22. Dimensionality in pettigrew and meertens' blatant subtle prejudice scale
- Author
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Gattino, S., Miglietta, A., and Silvia TESTA
- Subjects
Subtle and Blatant Prejudice Scale ,confirmatory factor analysis ,IRT models ,Unidimensionality
23. Organizational justice, social support and burnout amongst health care workers: Direct and moderating effects of social support | Giustizia organizzativa, supporto sociale e burnout tra lavoratori della Sanità: Effetti diretti e di moderazione
- Author
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barbara loera, Gattino, S., and Converso, D.
24. The influence of social dominance orientation on state concept and attitudes towards immigrant inclusion: A study on Italian society
- Author
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Gattino, S., Anna MIGLIETTA, and Tartaglia, S.
- Subjects
SDO ,Citizenship ,Multiculturalism ,SEM
25. An Integrated Model of Compliance with COVID-19 Prescriptions: Instrumental, Normative, and Affective Factors Associated with Health-Protective Behaviors
- Author
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Alessia Rochira, Flora Gatti, Gabriele Prati, Terri Mannarini, Angela Fedi, Fortuna Procentese, Cinzia Albanesi, Irene Barbieri, Christian Compare, Silvia Gattino, Antonella Guarino, Daniela Marzana, Iana Tzankova, Giovanni Aresi, Rochira, A., Gatti, F., Prati, G., Mannarini, T., Fedi, A., Procentese, F., Albanesi, C., Barbieri, I., Compare, C., Gattino, S., Guarino, A., Marzana, D., Tzankova, I., Aresi, G., Rochira, Alessia, Gatti, Flora, Prati, Gabriele, Mannarini, Terri, Fedi, Angela, Procentese, Fortuna, Albanesi, Cinzia, Barbieri, Irene, Compare, Christian, Gattino, Silvia, Guarino, Antonella, Marzana, Daniela, Tzankova, Iana, and Aresi, Giovanni
- Subjects
COVID-19, Sense of Community Responsibility, Health-Protective Behaviors, Personal costs, Social costs, Compliance ,Health Behavior ,COVID-19 ,Compliance, COVID‑19, Prescriptions, Instrumental, Normative, Affective, Health‑Protective Behaviors ,Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE ,Full Length Manuscript ,Personal costs ,Sense of Community Responsibility ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Prescriptions ,None ,Health-Protective Behaviors ,Humans ,Pandemics ,Social costs ,Applied Psychology ,Compliance - Abstract
Background: The efficacy of public measures for reducing the transmission of the COVID-19 infection relies on citizens’ voluntary adherence with prescribed actions. Drawing on prior literature about compliant behavior, this study aimed to identify factors associated with people engagement in health-protective behaviors by including a conjoint complement of instrumental/self-oriented, normative/community-based, and affective variables. Method: A cross-sectional study involving a non-representative sample of 4045 Italian citizens was carried out during the first stage of the pandemic (April–May 2020). Variables associated with health-protective behaviors were perceived personal and societal concerns and perceived effectiveness of the institutional response to the outbreak (instrumental dimensions), and family and friends perceived norms and sense of community responsibility (normative dimensions). Two negative emotions (anxiety and fear) were included as mediators between personal and societal concerns and outcome behaviors. Results: Results showed the importance of both self-interest and community-based factors. Indeed, self-interest concerns, family perceived norms, and sense of community responsibility were significant predictors of people’s decisions to engage in health-protective behaviors. Conclusions: The research findings show that compliance with public health prescriptions is a multimodal phenomenon and integrating self-interest and community-based factors can offer a better understanding of people’s decision to engage in health-protective behaviors. Further, this study unveils that a shared sense of community is effective in encouraging adherence to recommended behaviors so as behavioral changes can be sustained by targeting the recommendations not only on risk minimization for oneself but also on the allocation of personal responsibility toward the belonging community.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Prosocial behaviours under collective quarantine conditions : a latent class analysis study during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown in Italy
- Author
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Iana Tzankova, Christian Compare, Angela Fedi, Terri Mannarini, Giovanni Aresi, Elena Marta, Silvia Gattino, Antonella Guarino, Fortuna Procentese, Daniela Marzana, Flora Gatti, Giovanni Aresi, Fortuna Procentese, Silvia Gattino, Iana Tzankova, Flora Gatti, Christian Compare, Daniela Marzana, Terri Mannarini, Angela Fedi, Elena Marta, Antonella Guarino, Aresi, G., Procentese, F., Gattino, S., Tzankova, I., Gatti, F., Compare, C., Marzana, D., Mannarini, T., Fedi, A., Marta, E., and Guarino, A.
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Social Psychology ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,person‐centred approach ,prosocial behaviours ,COVID-19 ,community ,lockdown ,person-centred approach ,Latent class model ,Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE ,law.invention ,Prosocial behavior ,COVID‐19 ,law ,Quarantine ,community, COVID-19, lockdown, person-centred approach,prosocial behaviours ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Research Articles ,Research Article - Abstract
We aimed to identify the patterns of prosocial behaviours under collective quarantine conditions. Survey data were collected from a sample of Italian adults during the March May 2020 COVID‐19 lockdown in Italy. Participants reported on offline and online prosocial behaviours, sense of community responsibility (SoC‐R) and perceptions of community resilience. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used for data analysis. A total of 4,045 participants completed the survey, and 2,562 were eligible (72% female; mean age 38.7 years). LCA revealed four classes of prosocial behaviours: Money donors (7%), Online and offline helpers (59%), Online health information sharers (21%) and Neighbour helpers (13%). The classes were partially invariant across age groups (18‐35 and 35‐65 years). Being a man, having achieved a higher educational level and higher SoC‐R scores were associated with belonging to the Online and offline helper class. The members of this class also reported the greatest perceptions of community resilience. The results provide insight on the multidimensionality of prosociality under collective quarantine conditions. Online and offline helpers could be targeted for promoting sustained altruism and involvement in community organisations. For the other groups, programmes should aim at eliminating barriers to help others in multiple ways. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
- Published
- 2022
27. COVID-19 in our lives: Sense of community, sense of community responsibility, and reflexivity in present concerns and perception of the future
- Author
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Silvia Gattino, Marco Rizzo, Flora Gatti, Christian Compare, Fortuna Procentese, Antonella Guarino, Immacolata Di Napoli, Irene Barbieri, Angela Fedi, Giovanni Aresi, Elena Marta, Daniela Marzana, Gabriele Prati, Alessia Rochira, Iana Tzankova, Cinzia Albanesi, Gattino, S., Rizzo, M., Gatti, F., Compare, C., Procentese, F., Guarino, A., Di Napoli, I., Barbieri, I., Fedi, A., Aresi, G., Marta, E., Marzana, D., Prati, G., Rochira, A., Tzankova, I., Albanesi, C., Gattino, Silvia, Rizzo, Marco, Gatti, Flora, Compare, Christian, Procentese, Fortuna, Guarino, Antonella, Di Napoli, Immacolata, Barbieri, Irene, Fedi, Angela, Aresi, Giovanni, Marta, Elena, Marzana, Daniela, Prati, Gabriele, Rochira, Alessia, Tzankova, Iana, and Albanesi, Cinzia
- Subjects
Adult ,Social Psychology ,current personal and social concerns ,COVID-19, sense of community responsibility, reflexivity, concerns, perception of the future ,COVID-19 ,reflexivity ,Settore M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE ,current personal and social concern ,COVID‐19 ,Communicable Disease Control ,sense of community responsibility ,Humans ,Perception ,sense of community ,Social Behavior ,Pandemics ,COVID‐19, current personal and social concerns, reflexivity, sense of community, sense of community responsibility - Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the association between citizens' perceptions of the effectiveness of the institutional response, their connection and responsibility to their community (Sense of Community—SoC; Sense of Community Responsibility—SoC-R), and their personal and social concerns about the current emergency and their perceptions of a postpandemic future during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Another variable considered was the personal reflexivity about the COVID-19 pandemic. 3925 Italian adults completed an online questionnaire during the first COVID-19 lockdown. A structural equation model with mediation was tested. Institutional effectiveness was associated with SoC, SoC-R, current social concerns, and perceptions of a postpandemic future. SoC and SoC-R were associated with current personal and social concerns, and perceptions of a postpandemic future. Reflexivity was negatively associated with SoC and positively associated with SoC-R, mediating the relationships between SoC, SoC-R and current personal and social concerns and perceptions of a postpandemic future. Findings indicate the need to adopt a perspective that considers individual and socio-political levels and their interaction to better understand the impact of the pandemic during a national lockdown.
- Published
- 2021
28. Mass-media, linguaggio e razzismo: una prospettiva teorica e un contributo di ricerca
- Author
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MONTALI, LORENZO, RIVA, PAOLO, FRIGERIO, ALESSANDRA, Mele S., Miglietta A, Gattino S, Montali, L, Riva, P, Frigerio, A, and Mele, S
- Subjects
pregiudizio, mass-media, analisi del discorso - Published
- 2012
29. 'Italiani brava gente.' Effetti di un mito storico sulle relazioni sociali contempranee
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VOLPATO, CHIARA, ANDRIGHETTO, LUCA, MARI, SILVIA, GABBIADINI, ALESSANDRO, DURANTE, FEDERICA, Miglietta, A, Gattino, S, Volpato, C, Andrighetto, L, Mari, S, Gabbiadini, A, and Durante, F
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Mito, fascismo, italiani brava gente ,M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE - Published
- 2012
30. Psychosocial dimensions of vaccine hesitancy: A systematic review.
- Author
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Rizzo M, Gattino S, Trombetta T, Calandri E, and De Piccoli N
- Subjects
- Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Europe, United States, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Vaccination psychology, Patient Acceptance of Health Care psychology, Vaccination Hesitancy psychology, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 psychology, COVID-19 Vaccines administration & dosage
- Abstract
Despite widely recognised effectiveness against the spread of COVID-19, vaccine hesitancy persists. This systematic literature review aimed to clarify the definition and the operationalisation of the term 'vaccine hesitancy' and disclose the various psychosocial factors underlying this phenomenon. The results of studies conducted in European countries and in the United States after the vaccines became available were taken into account. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses statement. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. efinitions and measures of vaccine hesitancy differed across the studies, limiting their comparison. Nonetheless, by drawing on theoretical frameworks, we were able to identify several psychosocial variables in determining vaccine hesitancy. Our findings point to the need for a transdisciplinary approach to understanding the antecedents of vaccine hesitancy. A better understanding of the phenomenon may help to develop interventions and social policies to address a complex challenge such as vaccination hesitancy., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2024
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31. [High nutritional risk by three variants of NUTRIC score in critically ventilated patients].
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Moretti D, Buncuga M, Rocchetti NS, Ré MD, Gattino S, Gimenez R, Radimak S, Settecase CJ, and Bagilet DH
- Subjects
- Humans, Prospective Studies, Respiration, Artificial, Interleukin-6, Risk Assessment, Intensive Care Units, Critical Illness, Nutritional Status, Nutrition Assessment
- Abstract
Introduction: Introduction: variants of the NUTRIC score with or without inflammatory biomarkers, modified without interleukin 6 (IL-6) (NUTRICm), with C-reactive protein (CRP) instead of IL-6, dichotomous (NUTRICpcr1) or in tertiles (NUTRICpcr2), were proposed to assess nutritional risk (NR) in critical patients. However, the assessment of the high NR might not be uniform between these scores. Objectives: to compare the assessment of the high NR by NUTRICm and the two variants of the NUTRICpcr. Material and methods: analysis of a prospective cohort of patients ventilated prior to COVID-19. Agreement was analyzed using the Kappa test and mortality discrimination by logistic regression. The proportion of patients with high NR was compared with the Chi-square test. Results: five hundred and fifty patients were analyzed. Median (IQR) age and APACHE II: 44 (28-58) years and 17 (12-22) points, predominant traumatic pathology (38.2 %) and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) mortality of 32.5 %. The concordance was high between NUTRICm and NUTRICpcr1 (Kappa = 0.81) and lower between NUTRICm and NUTRICpcr2 (Kappa = 0.60). The AUCROC (95 % CI) of NUTRICm, NUTRICpcr1 and NUTRICpcr2 to discriminate mortality was 0.695 (0.495-0.591), 0.693 (0.495-0.591) and 0.685 (0.495-0.591), respectively. The tall NB showed significant differences between NUTRICm and NUTRICpcr1 (19.8 % vs 14.4 %, p 0.0243), being greater between NUTRICm and NUTRICpcr2 (19.8 vs 9.8 %, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: the three NUTRIC variants studied discriminate mortality in a similar way. However, the NUTRICm, without an inflammatory biomarker, classifies more patients as high nutritional risk.
- Published
- 2024
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32. Does Existential Flexibility Associate With Individuals' Acceptance of Inequality? A Study Relating Existential Questing to Values and to Prejudice.
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Miglietta A, Rizzo M, Testa S, and Gattino S
- Abstract
This study investigated whether existential quest, a relatively new construct defining individual willingness to reflect on existential issues such as the meaning of life and death, was negatively associated with generalized prejudice through the mediation with personal values of universalism and conservation (conformity, security, and tradition). A structural equation model was performed on a convenience sample of 1136 Italian adults. Results confirmed a negative indirect relationship with generalized prejudice mediated by universalism. Findings support the argument that engagement with existential issues is associated with the value of universalism, which in turn is associated with lower levels of generalized prejudice. The present study contributes to the scholarly literature to explain the concept of existential quest., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2023
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33. Self-Objectification and its Biological, Psychological and Social Predictors: A Cross-Cultural Study in Four European Countries and Iran.
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Gattino S, Czepczor-Bernat K, Fedi A, Brytek-Matera A, Boza M, Lemoine JE, Sahlan RN, Wilson E, De Piccoli N, and Rollero C
- Abstract
Although scholars started investigating self-objectification more than twenty years ago, only a few studies focused on men and even fewer have taken into account the cross-cultural dimension. Our study focused on the antecedents of self-objectification paying attention to the role of biological and sociodemographic variables (gender, BMI), psychological characteristics (self-esteem, perfectionism) together with social and cultural factors (internalization of media standards, influence of family and friends). Self-objectification was operationalized as Body Shame and Body Surveillance. A self-reported questionnaire was administered to 2165 adults living in four European countries (UK, Italy, Poland and Romania) and Iran. Ten regression models were performed (2 per country) to analyse the correlates of self-objectification. Overall, self-objectification emerged as a process affected by factors entrenched in psychological, biological, social and cultural domains, partially different for Body Shame and Body Surveillance. Findings showed the key role of self-esteem as a protective factor against Body Shame across countries. On the other hand, the internalization of media standards emerged as risk factor for both Body Shame and Body Surveillance in the five countries. Taken together, these results underline the complexity of self-objectification and the need to deepen research on this topic among non-Western countries., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2023
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34. An Integrated Model of Compliance with COVID-19 Prescriptions: Instrumental, Normative, and Affective Factors Associated with Health-Protective Behaviors.
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Rochira A, Gatti F, Prati G, Mannarini T, Fedi A, Procentese F, Albanesi C, Barbieri I, Compare C, Gattino S, Guarino A, Marzana D, Tzankova I, and Aresi G
- Subjects
- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Pandemics prevention & control, Health Behavior, Prescriptions, COVID-19 prevention & control
- Abstract
Background: The efficacy of public measures for reducing the transmission of the COVID-19 infection relies on citizens' voluntary adherence with prescribed actions. Drawing on prior literature about compliant behavior, this study aimed to identify factors associated with people engagement in health-protective behaviors by including a conjoint complement of instrumental/self-oriented, normative/community-based, and affective variables., Method: A cross-sectional study involving a non-representative sample of 4045 Italian citizens was carried out during the first stage of the pandemic (April-May 2020). Variables associated with health-protective behaviors were perceived personal and societal concerns and perceived effectiveness of the institutional response to the outbreak (instrumental dimensions), and family and friends perceived norms and sense of community responsibility (normative dimensions). Two negative emotions (anxiety and fear) were included as mediators between personal and societal concerns and outcome behaviors., Results: Results showed the importance of both self-interest and community-based factors. Indeed, self-interest concerns, family perceived norms, and sense of community responsibility were significant predictors of people's decisions to engage in health-protective behaviors., Conclusions: The research findings show that compliance with public health prescriptions is a multimodal phenomenon and integrating self-interest and community-based factors can offer a better understanding of people's decision to engage in health-protective behaviors. Further, this study unveils that a shared sense of community is effective in encouraging adherence to recommended behaviors so as behavioral changes can be sustained by targeting the recommendations not only on risk minimization for oneself but also on the allocation of personal responsibility toward the belonging community., (© 2022. International Society of Behavioral Medicine.)
- Published
- 2022
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35. The selective effect of lockdown experience on citizens' perspectives: A multilevel, multiple informant approach to personal and community resilience during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Procentese F, Gatti F, Rochira A, Tzankova I, Di Napoli I, Albanesi C, Aresi G, Compare C, Fedi A, Gattino S, Guarino A, Marta E, and Marzana D
- Abstract
In the face of the first wave of COVID-19 contagion, citizens all over the world experienced concerns for their safety and health, as well as prolonged lockdowns - which brought about limitations but also unforeseen opportunities for personal growth. Broad variability in these psychological responses to such unprecedented experiences emerged. This study addresses this variability by investigating the role of personal and community resilience. Personal resilience, collective resilience, community disaster management ability, provided information by local authorities, and citizens' focus on COVID-19-related personal concerns and lockdown-related opportunities for personal growth were detected through an online questionnaire. Multilevel modelling was run with data from 3,745 Italian citizens. The potential of personal resilience as a driver for individuals to overcome adverse situations with positive outcomes was confirmed. Differently, the components of community resilience showed more complex paths, highlighting the need to pay more attention to its role in the face of far-reaching adverse events which hardly test individuals' as well as communities' adaptability and agency skills. The complexities linked to the multi-component and system-specific nature of resilience, as well as potential paths towards making the most out of citizens' and communities' ones, emerge. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there are no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2022
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36. COVID-19 in our lives: Sense of community, sense of community responsibility, and reflexivity in present concerns and perception of the future.
- Author
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Gattino S, Rizzo M, Gatti F, Compare C, Procentese F, Guarino A, Di Napoli I, Barbieri I, Fedi A, Aresi G, Marta E, Marzana D, Prati G, Rochira A, Tzankova I, and Albanesi C
- Subjects
- Adult, Communicable Disease Control, Humans, Pandemics, Perception, Social Behavior, COVID-19
- Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the association between citizens' perceptions of the effectiveness of the institutional response, their connection and responsibility to their community (Sense of Community-SoC; Sense of Community Responsibility-SoC-R), and their personal and social concerns about the current emergency and their perceptions of a postpandemic future during the first COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Another variable considered was the personal reflexivity about the COVID-19 pandemic. 3925 Italian adults completed an online questionnaire during the first COVID-19 lockdown. A structural equation model with mediation was tested. Institutional effectiveness was associated with SoC, SoC-R, current social concerns, and perceptions of a postpandemic future. SoC and SoC-R were associated with current personal and social concerns, and perceptions of a postpandemic future. Reflexivity was negatively associated with SoC and positively associated with SoC-R, mediating the relationships between SoC, SoC-R and current personal and social concerns and perceptions of a postpandemic future. Findings indicate the need to adopt a perspective that considers individual and socio-political levels and their interaction to better understand the impact of the pandemic during a national lockdown., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2022
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37. Prosocial behaviours under collective quarantine conditions. A latent class analysis study during the 2020 COVID-19 lockdown in Italy.
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Aresi G, Procentese F, Gattino S, Tzankova I, Gatti F, Compare C, Marzana D, Mannarini T, Fedi A, Marta E, and Guarino A
- Abstract
We aimed to identify the patterns of prosocial behaviours under collective quarantine conditions. Survey data were collected from a sample of Italian adults during the March May 2020 COVID-19 lockdown in Italy. Participants reported on offline and online prosocial behaviours, sense of community responsibility (SoC-R) and perceptions of community resilience. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used for data analysis. A total of 4,045 participants completed the survey, and 2,562 were eligible (72% female; mean age 38.7 years). LCA revealed four classes of prosocial behaviours: Money donors (7%), Online and offline helpers (59%), Online health information sharers (21%) and Neighbour helpers (13%). The classes were partially invariant across age groups (18-35 and 35-65 years). Being a man, having achieved a higher educational level and higher SoC-R scores were associated with belonging to the Online and offline helper class. The members of this class also reported the greatest perceptions of community resilience. The results provide insight on the multidimensionality of prosociality under collective quarantine conditions. Online and offline helpers could be targeted for promoting sustained altruism and involvement in community organisations. For the other groups, programmes should aim at eliminating barriers to help others in multiple ways. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement., Competing Interests: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article., (© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2022
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38. [COVID-19 and herpesvirus encephalitis].
- Author
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Ramírez-Colombres M, Maenza CE, Rocchetti NS, Gattino SP, Diodati S, Luchitta CA, Ré MD, Settecase CJ, and Bagilet DH
- Subjects
- Acyclovir therapeutic use, Herpesvirus 3, Human, Humans, Male, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 complications, Encephalitis drug therapy
- Abstract
Introduction: The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes COVID-19, could give rise to damage the nervous system. Many studies have been conducted on this topic, but few have focused specifically on encephalitis. The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the clinical expression of other neurotropic viruses, such as Herpesviridae, is unknown., Case Reports: We describe the cases of two young men (39 and 18 years old) in whom SARS-CoV-2 had been detected -reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-, and with a clinical diagnosis and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis consistent with encephalitis. The first patient had a positive PCR for varicella zoster virus in CSF, while the second had a positive PCR for herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. The first patient, who was recently diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus, presented with fever, headache, vomiting, cough, inappropriate behaviour and epileptic seizures; the second was seen to have fever, headache, myalgia and exanthema. Both offered the same laboratory findings (lymphopenia and high interleukin 6). CSF showed pleocytosis with a predominance of monomorphonuclear cells, hyperproteinorrachia and normal glycorrhachia. A cranial CT scan showed only mild diffuse cerebral oedema in the first case. Both cases were treated with corticosteroids, antibiotics and acyclovir. The second progressed favourably, while the first did not., Conclusions: Little is known about co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with neurotropic viruses, such as Herpesviridae, and we have only limited evidence of direct neurological involvement of SARS-CoV-2, due to the technical difficulty of detecting it in the nervous system, thus making it important to take co-infection into account in order to be able to establish an early diagnosis and treatment to improve prognosis.
- Published
- 2022
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39. Resilience and empowerment in immigrant experiences: A look through the transconceptual model of empowerment and resilience.
- Author
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Brodsky A, Buckingham S, Fedi A, Gattino S, Rochira A, Altal D, and Mannarini T
- Subjects
- Humans, Italy, Emigrants and Immigrants
- Abstract
Resilience and empowerment are both strengths-based processes, which, while sharing commonalities, describe different goals, actions, and outcomes-one aimed at status quo; the other at status quake. The Transconceptual Model of Empowerment and Resilience (TMER; Brodsky & Cattaneo, 2013) outlines these similarities and differences in order to uncover the circumstances that lead to one or the other process. This study utilized TMER to explore resilience and empowerment in qualitative interviews of 99 first- and second-generation Latinx, Moroccan, and Albanian immigrants in the U.S. and Italy. Setting-based, macrolevel political and social issues, along with generational and locale variations, provided contextual counterpoints in participants' reported risks, resources, goals, actions, and outcomes. Individually held resources were the most common and were found to support resilience and empowerment actions. All participants, regardless of generation, locale, or context, reported more individually focused resilient actions than empowering ones. This study illustrates the difference between goals and actions that are resilient, thus maintaining the status quo, and empowerment goals and actions, which disrupt the status quo and thus are "status quake." It also adds to the evidence of TMER's contribution to understanding the processes by which immigrants' experiences, resources, and goals lead to resilience and empowering actions. Findings suggest how stronger coalitions might be built across community membership, which could use shared resources to address common concerns to benefit all. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
- Published
- 2022
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40. Adjustment to COVID-19 Lockdown Among Italian University Students: The Role of Concerns, Change in Peer and Family Relationships and in Learning Skills, Emotional, and Academic Self-Efficacy on Depressive Symptoms.
- Author
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Calandri E, Graziano F, Begotti T, Cattelino E, Gattino S, Rollero C, and Fedi A
- Abstract
In Italy strict containment measures against COVID-19 pandemic were implemented from March to May 2020 with home confinement and schools and universities closed. Students shifted to remote learning, experienced a forced isolation from peers and an increased sharing of time and spaces with the family. The influence of these aspects on the psychological adjustment of university students is largely unexplored. This paper was aimed at investigating the role of some correlates of depressive symptoms specific to the lockdown condition experienced by young university students, namely contagion concern, perceived worsening of family, and peer relationships and perceived worsening of learning skills. Moreover, the possible mediating effects of emotional and academic self-efficacy in these relationships were examined. Data were collected from 296 Italian university students (aged 18-25 years; 83% female students) through an online survey by means of a snowball sampling methodology in May 2020. Significant depressive symptoms were reported by 67% of participants. Contagion concerns were related to depressive symptoms through the mediating effect of emotional self-efficacy. Worsening of learning skills was related to depressive symptoms through the mediating effect of academic self-efficacy. Depressive symptoms were directly related to worsening of family relationships but unrelated to worsening of peer relationships. Results are discussed in relation to the need of preventive interventions for this specific population in view of academic activities planning in the post-COVID 19 period., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Calandri, Graziano, Begotti, Cattelino, Gattino, Rollero and Fedi.)
- Published
- 2021
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41. Self-efficacy, subjective well-being and positive coping in adolescents with regard to Covid-19 lockdown.
- Author
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Cattelino E, Testa S, Calandri E, Fedi A, Gattino S, Graziano F, Rollero C, and Begotti T
- Abstract
The study is aimed at examining the relationship between emotional and self-regulated learning self-efficacy, subjective well-being (SWB) and positive coping among adolescents and youths, during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. 485 Italian students (74% girls; mean age 19.3) filled in an online questionnaire during the lockdown period. The hypothesized model in which both the forms of self-efficacy were predictors of SWB and positive coping, and SWB partially mediated the relation between self-efficacy measures and positive coping was tested by means of Structural equation modeling. Results largely supported the hypothesized relationships and suggested paying special attention to adolescents' self-efficacy in regulating basic negative emotions, in order to promote positive coping strategies to face challenges coming from everyday life and from non-normative events., Competing Interests: Conflict of InterestThe Authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2021.)
- Published
- 2021
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42. Psychosocial empowerment-based interventions for smoking reduction: concepts, measures and outcomes. A systematic review.
- Author
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Coppo A, Gattino S, Faggiano F, Gilardi L, Capra P, Tortone C, Fedi A, and De Piccoli N
- Subjects
- Humans, Smoking Prevention, Smoking Reduction
- Abstract
Although empowerment is a widely used concept in health-related areas, its definition remains unclear. While there is evidence for the effectiveness of empowerment interventions in improving some psychosocial factors linked to health (e.g. patient self-care strategy, coping skills, access and effective use of health services) and some health outcomes like mental health and HIV/AIDS-related behaviour, other data appear to contradict this. Moreover, concepts, measures, and outcomes related to empowerment are operationalized in different ways. Using the case of tobacco control programmes, we wanted to explore: (a) how research on smoking reduction/prevention has conceptualized empowerment; (b) which measures and instruments have been used to assess behaviour outcomes and the empowerment process. We hypothesized that the transformative potential that characterizes empowerment is marginally considered.A total of 18 studies reporting on the effect of prevention interventions on smoking and/or empowerment outcomes were reviewed. Two kinds of study were distinguished: (a) studies reporting behaviour outcomes without data about the impact on empowerment; (b) studies analysing the empowerment process. Among this latter type, some studies did not provide information about the specific behaviour (smoking), while others examined the impact of intervention on both smoking and empowerment. In about half of all studies, empowerment strategies were found to be effective in improving smoking outcomes, while no differences were found between intervention and control groups in the remaining studies. The present review suggests that pragmatic definitions of empowerment need to be developed in order to promote its transferability and evaluation.
- Published
- 2020
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43. Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the sense of community responsibility scale.
- Author
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Prati G, Procentese F, Albanesi C, Cicognani E, Fedi A, Gatti F, Mannarini T, Rochira A, Tartaglia S, Boyd N, Nowell B, and Gattino S
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Empowerment, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Italy epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Personal Satisfaction, Reproducibility of Results, Social Behavior, Psychometrics methods, Social Participation psychology, Social Responsibility
- Abstract
The central aim of the present research was to examine the psychometric properties of adapted versions of the sense of community (SOC) responsibility scale in three Italian samples. We examined the psychometric properties of three modified versions of the sense of community responsibility (SOC-R) scale. Consistent with the original scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that the scale was unidimensional and exhibited excellent internal consistency. In addition, factor analyses revealed that SOC responsibility and SOC are two separate, albeit related, constructs. The results also provided evidence of the discriminant validity of SOC and SOC-R on key outcomes. Taken together, these results provide support for the Community Experience Model, which posits that community experiences are a function of resource and responsibility components, as well as for the adaptable nature of the SOC-R scale to the Italian context., (© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
- Published
- 2020
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44. Awareness of gender medicine among family doctors. A field investigation.
- Author
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Gattino S, De Piccoli N, Grosso M, Miozzo S, Tanturri G, and Rollero C
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Italy, Male, Middle Aged, Primary Health Care, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Physicians, Family psychology, Sexism
- Abstract
Ample evidence has shown that gender is one of the key determinants of health and illness and that a better understanding of gender-specific determinants can contribute to greater equity and equality in health services, with better health for both women and men. Nonetheless, the androcentric bias prevalent in healthcare makes it difficult to address the needs of either women or men adequately. Strengthening research into gender medicine issues is, therefore, desirable. With the present study, we investigated awareness of gender medicine among practicing primary care physicians and doctors-in-training in primary care and whether sexism affects awareness of gender medicine. Our findings show that there is a need for training programs to enhance gender awareness among both practicing physicians and those in training. Implications for policies are discussed.
- Published
- 2020
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45. Flexibility in Existential Beliefs and Worldview: Testing Measurement Invariance and Factorial Structure of the Existential Quest Scale in an Italian Sample of Adults.
- Author
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Rizzo M, Testa S, Gattino S, and Miglietta A
- Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Existential Quest (EQ) Scale, a nine-items instrument developed to assess openness to changing one's own convictions concerning existential issues. We developed the Italian version of the scale and examined factorial structure, internal consistency, discriminant validity, and measurement invariance across gender and age groups. A total of 291 Italian adults were recruited, and they completed a self-report questionnaire comprising measures of authoritarianism, cognitive closure, well-being, and religiousness, alongside the EQ. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the original one-factor structure was replicated in this study, except for one-item that was removed from the subsequent analyses. Both the internal consistency of the eight-item scale as assessed by Cronbach's α and discriminant validity were in line with those of the original study. However, McDonald's reliability coefficient were quite low, and further researches employing repeated measures are needed in order to comprehend the contribution of the random error and that of the item specificity in lowering McDonald's coefficient. Finally, evidence of full measurement invariance across gender and partial measurement invariance across age was obtained. Overall, these findings suggest that the Italian version of the EQ is a promising tool for assessing flexibility about existential issues., (Copyright © 2019 Rizzo, Testa, Gattino and Miglietta.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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46. The Relationship between Local Identification, Urban Disorder Sensitivity, and Prejudice Toward Immigrants: The Role of Autochthony.
- Author
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Gattino S, Tartaglia S, Rollero C, and De Piccoli N
- Subjects
- Humans, Italy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Urban Population, Emigrants and Immigrants psychology, Population Groups psychology, Prejudice
- Abstract
Autochthony is the belief that a place belongs to those who were born there and that they are more entitled. Autochthony and local identification can foster sensitivity to any source of disorder that threatens local stability. The aims of this study were to determine whether: (a) local identification is associated with a higher level of sensitivity to urban disorder and a higher level of prejudice toward immigrants; (b) higher city identifiers use autochthony (entitlement for first comers) as a justification for both of these attitudes. A self-report questionnaire was administered to 254 adult residents of Turin, Italy. Local identification was found related to autochthony and to urban disorder sensitivity, autochthony was positively associated with both urban disorder sensitivity and prejudice toward immigrants and it mediated the relationship between local identification and prejudice., (© 2019 Society for Community Research and Action.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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47. Acculturation in the discourse of immigrants and receiving community members: Results from a cross-national qualitative study.
- Author
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Fedi A, Mannarini T, Brodsky A, Rochira A, Buckingham S, Emery L, Godsay S, Scheibler J, Miglietta A, and Gattino S
- Subjects
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Italy, Male, Middle Aged, Psychological Theory, Qualitative Research, Social Identification, Social Values, United States, Young Adult, Acculturation, Cultural Diversity, Emigrants and Immigrants psychology
- Abstract
This study explores the bidirectional and interactional process of acculturation from the perspectives of immigrants and receiving community members (RCMs). Our aim was to understand the experiences and interactions of different ethno-cultural groups and their impact on the functioning and dynamics of multicultural communities. We conducted a cross-national, cross-cultural study of acculturation processes, using interviews collected across two countries (Italy: urban regions of Torino and Lecce; U.S.: Baltimore/Washington corridor) and three distinct groups of immigrants-Moroccans and Albanians in Italy and Latin Americans in the United States-and RCMs in Italy and the United States. Findings show that acculturation is a complex, situated, and dynamic process, and is generally conceived as an unbalanced and individual process of accommodation, which expects the immigrant alone to adapt to the new context. The boundaries among traditionally explored acculturation strategies were blurred and while integration was the most frequently discussed strategy, it often referenced a "soft" assimilation, limited mostly to public domains. Some differences emerged between ethnic groups and generation of immigration as well as among RCMs who differed by level of contact with immigrants. The need for more flexible models and for a critical perspective on acculturation is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
- Published
- 2019
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48. Shared Communities: A Multinational Qualitative Study of Immigrant and Receiving Community Members.
- Author
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Buckingham SL, Brodsky AE, Rochira A, Fedi A, Mannarini T, Emery L, Godsay S, Miglietta A, and Gattino S
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Middle Aged, Psychology, Social, Qualitative Research, Social Identification, United States, Young Adult, Emigrants and Immigrants psychology, Emigration and Immigration, Residence Characteristics
- Abstract
Community psychology is central to understanding how immigrants and more established residents of their new settings join together to develop a shared sense of community and membership. In our present study, we explored how newer (i.e., first- and second-generation immigrants) and more established community members form multiple positive psychological sense of community (PSOC) with one another. We conducted a multinational, qualitative study of PSOC through interviews with 201 first- and second-generation immigrants and third generation or more "receiving community members" in three contexts (Baltimore-Washington corridor of the U.S.; Torino, Italy; Lecce, Italy). Results indicated numerous similarities among the ways in which participants constructed PSOC in shared and nonshared communities, regardless of immigration/citizenship status, length of community residence, city, country, age, or gender. Small, proximal, and salient communities were often particularly important to building positive PSOC, which was formed around diverse membership boundaries. As intersectional beings, members converged and diverged on many characteristics, providing multiple opportunities for members to bring diversity to their communities while sharing other characteristics deemed essential to membership. Nonetheless, findings point to significant, structural challenges rooted in power and privilege that must be confronted to bridge the community-diversity dialectic and build strong, shared sense of community., (© Society for Community Research and Action 2018.)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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