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1. Parasitic success and venom composition evolve upon specialization of parasitoid wasps to different host species

Author

Cavigliasso, Fanny, Mathé-Hubert, Hugo, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Colinet, Dominique, and Poirié, Marylène

Subjects
Archaeology, CC1-960, Science
Abstract

Female endoparasitoid wasps usually inject venom into hosts to suppress their immune response and ensure offspring development. However, the parasitoids ability to evolve towards increased success on a given host simultaneously with the evolution of the composition of its venom has never been demonstrated. Here, we designed an experimental evolution to address this question. We crossed two parasitoid lines of Leptopilina boulardi differing both in parasitic success on different Drosophila hosts and venom composition. F2 descendants were reared on three different Drosophila species for nine generations. We tested for evolution of parasitic success over the generations and for the capacity of parasitoids selected on a given host to succeed on another host. We also tested whether the venom composition - based on a statistical analysis of the variation in intensity of the venom protein bands on SDS-PAGE 1D - evolved in response to different host species. Results showed a specialization of the parasitoids on their selection host and a rapid and differential evolution of the venom composition according to the host. Overall, data suggest a high potential for parasitoids to adapt to a new host, which may have important consequences in the field as well in the context of biological control.

Published
2021
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4. Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum

Author

Dennis, Alice B, Ballesteros, Gabriel I, Robin, Stéphanie, Schrader, Lukas, Bast, Jens, Berghöfer, Jan, Beukeboom, Leo W, Belghazi, Maya, Bretaudeau, Anthony, Buellesbach, Jan, Cash, Elizabeth, Colinet, Dominique, Dumas, Zoé, Errbii, Mohammed, Falabella, Patrizia, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Geuverink, Elzemiek, Gibson, Joshua D, Hertaeg, Corinne, Hartmann, Stefanie, Jacquin-Joly, Emmanuelle, Lammers, Mark, Lavandero, Blas I, Lindenbaum, Ina, Massardier-Galata, Lauriane, Meslin, Camille, Montagné, Nicolas, Pak, Nina, Poirié, Marylène, Salvia, Rosanna, Smith, Chris R, Tagu, Denis, Tares, Sophie, Vogel, Heiko, Schwander, Tanja, Simon, Jean-Christophe, Figueroa, Christian C, Vorburger, Christoph, Legeai, Fabrice, and Gadau, Jürgen

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genetics, Animals, Aphids, DNA Methylation, GC Rich Sequence, Genomics, Insect Proteins, Sex Determination Processes, Venoms, Wasps, Parasitoid wasp, Aphid host, Aphidius ervi, Lysiphlebus fabarum, GC content, de novo genome assembly, DNA methylation loss, Chemosensory genes, Venom proteins, Toll and Imd pathways, Information and Computing Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Bioinformatics, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundParasitoid wasps have fascinating life cycles and play an important role in trophic networks, yet little is known about their genome content and function. Parasitoids that infect aphids are an important group with the potential for biological control. Their success depends on adapting to develop inside aphids and overcoming both host aphid defenses and their protective endosymbionts.ResultsWe present the de novo genome assemblies, detailed annotation, and comparative analysis of two closely related parasitoid wasps that target pest aphids: Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). The genomes are small (139 and 141 Mbp) and the most AT-rich reported thus far for any arthropod (GC content: 25.8 and 23.8%). This nucleotide bias is accompanied by skewed codon usage and is stronger in genes with adult-biased expression. AT-richness may be the consequence of reduced genome size, a near absence of DNA methylation, and energy efficiency. We identify missing desaturase genes, whose absence may underlie mimicry in the cuticular hydrocarbon profile of L. fabarum. We highlight key gene groups including those underlying venom composition, chemosensory perception, and sex determination, as well as potential losses in immune pathway genes.ConclusionsThese findings are of fundamental interest for insect evolution and biological control applications. They provide a strong foundation for further functional studies into coevolution between parasitoids and their hosts. Both genomes are available at https://bipaa.genouest.org.

Published
2020

14. Differential physiological effects of endo- and ecto-parasitoid venoms on the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri.

Author

Bin Wan, Zuo Yu, Yufan Jiang, Wenfeng Hu, Cong Zhang, Jiangwen Huang, Yangyang Liu, Chenyu Jiang, Changxiu Xia, Poirié, Marylène, Gatti, Jean-Luc, and Bin Xia

Subjects
VENOM, CITRUS greening disease, BIOLOGICAL pest control agents, CITRUS, BIOLOGICAL fitness
Abstract

Two different species of solitary parasitoid wasps have been used as biological control agents for the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri: the endoparasitoid Diaphorencyrtus aligarhensis and the ectoparasitoid Tamarixia radiata. Since little information was available on the role of the venom of these two parasitoid species in their reproductive success, we set up experiments to compare the effect of natural parasitism, natural envenomation (which was possible for T. radiata) and microinjections of D. aligarhensis and T. radiata venoms on the development and behavior of D. citri nymphs. We found that natural or artificial envenomation by T. radiata rapidly inhibited the crawling behavior of D. citri nymphs and subsequently induced a high nymph mortality rate, mimicking the natural effect of parasitization. In contrast, microinjection of D. aligarhensis venom did not affect nymphal crawling and had no clear effect on nymphal development apart from a slight delay in the days following injection, which may be consistent with the need to keep the host alive during parasitoid larval development. These results demonstrated the differential effects of venom from two types of parasitoid species sharing the same host, improving our understanding of the evolution of Hymenoptera parasitism and highlighting the use of parasitoid's venom as a potential source of bioinsecticidal molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. Facultative symbiont provides fitness benefits to the grain aphid, but not to parasitoid offspring.

Author

Huimin Zhu, Delu Li, Desneux, Nicolas, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Zuqing Hu, and Chen Luo

Subjects
APHIDS, PEA aphid, PHENOTYPIC plasticity, INSECT hosts, SYMBIODINIUM, SEX ratio
Abstract

Symbiotic microbes have evolved to become an important source of phenotypic plasticity in host insects. In aphids, facultative endosymbionts have been found capable of influencing host phenotypes, such as against natural enemies and host fitness. However, the related evidence has been mainly gathered from a few model organisms, such as the pea aphid. Here, we explored the roles of a common facultative symbiont of the genus Rickettsia in the grain aphid Sitobion avenae. We first observed that Rickettsia-infected aphids (either natural or artificial status) benefit of a higher population increase rate (nearly 1.23-fold) than the Rickettsia-free aphids from the same genetic background. While Rickettsia presence did not confer resistance against the aphid parasitoid Aphidius gifuensis, emerged wasps from Rickettsia-infected aphids had a significantly reduced weight and their sex ratio was biased toward more female wasps. These results suggest that the presence of the symbiont ameliorates the fitness of its aphid host, but impacts the growth of parasitoid offspring and the parasitoid sex-ratio in a way that could be detrimental for the aphid. This demonstrates that the presence of a facultative symbiont may lead to both positive and negative trade-offs, which may ultimately not affect the fitness of the host population as they are compensatory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. Convergent origin and accelerated evolution of vesicle-associated RhoGAP proteins in two unrelated parasitoid wasps

Author

Colinet, Dominique, primary, Cavigliasso, Fanny, additional, Leobold, Matthieu, additional, Pichon, Appoline, additional, Urbach, Serge, additional, Cazes, Dominique, additional, Poullet, Marine, additional, Belghazi, Maya, additional, Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie, additional, Drezen, Jean-Michel, additional, Gatti, Jean-Luc, additional, and Poirie, Marylene, additional

Published
2023
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17. Origine et évolution des protéines RhoGAP associées aux vésicules chez deux guêpes parasitoïdes non apparentées

Author

Colinet, Dominique, Cavigliasso, Fanny, Leobold, Matthieu, Pichon, Appoline, Urbach, Serge, Cazes, Dominique, Poullet, Marine, Belghazi, Maya, Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie, Drezen, Jean-Michel, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Poirie, Marylene, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de recherche sur la biologie de l'insecte UMR7261 (IRBI), Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée (IMM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Plant Health and Environment from INRAE, and ANR-11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011)

Subjects
RhoGAP multigene family, positive selection, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], evolution, gene duplication, venom and other secretions, parasitoids
Abstract

Animal venoms and other protein-based secretions that perform a variety of functions, from predation to defense, are highly complex cocktails of bioactive compounds. Gene duplication, accompanied by modification of the expression and/or function of one of the duplicates under the action of positive selection, followed by further duplication to produce multigene families of toxins is a well-documented process in venomous animals. This evolutionary model has been less described in parasitoid wasps, which use maternal fluids, including venom, to protect their eggs from encapsulation by the host immune system. Here, we evidence the convergent recruitment and accelerated evolution of two multigene families of RhoGAPs presumably involved in virulence in two unrelated parasitoid wasp species, Leptopilina boulardi (Figitidae) and Venturia canescens (Icheumonidae). In both species, these RhoGAPs are associated with vesicles that act as transport systems to deliver virulence factors, but are produced in different tissues: the venom gland in Leptopilina sp. and the ovarian calyx in V. canescens. We show that the gene encoding the cellular RacGAP1 is at the origin of the virulent RhoGAP families found in Leptopilina sp. and V. canescens. We also show that both RhoGAP families have undergone evolution under positive selection and that almost all of these RhoGAPs lost their GAP activity and GTPase binding ability due to mutations in key amino acids. These results suggest an accelerated evolution and functional diversification of these vesicle-associated RhoGAPs in the two phylogenetically distant parasitoid species. The potential new function(s) and the exact mechanism of action of these proteins in host cells remain to be elucidated.; Les venins d'animaux et d'autres sécrétions à base de protéines qui remplissent diverses fonctions, de la prédation à la défense, sont des cocktails très complexes de composés bioactifs. La duplication des gènes, accompagnée d'une modification de l'expression et/ou de la fonction de l'une des duplications sous l'action de la sélection positive, suivie d'une nouvelle duplication pour produire des familles multigéniques de toxines, est un processus bien documenté chez les animaux venimeux. Ce modèle évolutif a été moins décrit chez les guêpes parasitoïdes, qui utilisent les fluides maternels, y compris le venin, pour protéger leurs œufs de l'encapsulation par le système immunitaire de l'hôte. Nous démontrons ici le recrutement convergent et l'évolution accélérée de deux familles multigéniques de RhoGAPs probablement impliquées dans la virulence chez deux espèces de guêpes parasitoïdes non apparentées, Leptopilina boulardi (Figitidae) et Venturia canescens (Icheumonidae). Chez les deux espèces, ces RhoGAP sont associées à des vésicules qui agissent comme des systèmes de transport pour délivrer les facteurs de virulence, mais elles sont produites dans des tissus différents : la glande à venin chez Leptopilina sp. et le calice ovarien chez V. canescens. Nous montrons que le gène codant pour la RacGAP1 cellulaire est à l'origine des familles de RhoGAP virulentes trouvées chez Leptopilina sp. et V. canescens. Nous montrons également que les deux familles RhoGAP ont subi une évolution sous sélection positive et que presque toutes ces RhoGAP ont perdu leur activité GAP et leur capacité de liaison à la GTPase en raison de mutations dans des acides aminés clés. Ces résultats suggèrent une évolution accélérée et une diversification fonctionnelle de ces RhoGAP associées aux vésicules chez les deux espèces de parasitoïdes phylogénétiquement éloignées. Les nouvelles fonctions potentielles et le mécanisme d'action exact de ces protéines dans les cellules hôtes restent à élucider.

Published
2023

24. Venom gland extract is not required for successful parasitism in the polydnavirus-associated endoparasitoid Hyposoter didymator (Hym. Ichneumonidae) despite the presence of numerous novel and conserved venom proteins

Author

Dorémus, Tristan, Urbach, Serge, Jouan, Véronique, Cousserans, François, Ravallec, Marc, Demettre, Edith, Wajnberg, Eric, Poulain, Julie, Azéma-Dossat, Carole, Darboux, Isabelle, Escoubas, Jean-Michel, Colinet, Dominique, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Poirié, Marylène, and Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie

Published
2013
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26. Motility Update

Author

Gatti, Jean-Luc, Hamamah, Samir, editor, Olivennes, François, editor, Mieusset, Roger, editor, and Frydman, René, editor

Published
1999
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29. Des analyses protéotrancriptomiques révèlent une grande expansion des protéines de type métalloprotéase dans les vésicules atypiques de venin de la guêpe parasitoide Meteorus pulchricornis (Braconidae)

Author

Gatti, Jean-Luc, Belghazi, Maya, Legeai, Fabrice, Ravallec, Marc, Frayssinet, Marie, Robin, Stéphanie, Aboubakar-Souna, Djibril, Srinivasan, Ramasamy, Tamò, Manuele, Poirié, Marylène, Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de neurophysiopathologie (INP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Scalable, Optimized and Parallel Algorithms for Genomics (GenScale), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes - Insectes [Montpellier] (DGIMI), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), World Vegetable Center (WorldVeg), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA-Benin), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture [Nigeria] (IITA), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Department of Plant Health (SPE) from the French National Institute for Research in Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE) and from the French Government, ANR-12-ADAP-0001,ABC - PaPoGen,Adaptation en lutte biologique - Génomique des populations de parasitoïdes(2012), ANR-11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011), ANR-15-IDEX-0001,UCA JEDI,Idex UCA JEDI(2015), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique)

Subjects
Meteorus pulchricornis, venomics, DUF-4803 proteins, Braconidae, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], virus-like particles (VLPs), transcriptomic, metalloproteases, parasitoid wasp, complex mixtures, proteomic
Abstract

International audience; Meteorus pulchricornis (Ichneumonoidea, Braconidae) is an endoparasitoid wasp of lepidopteran caterpillars. Its parasitic success relies on vesicles (named M. pulchricornis Virus-Like Particles or MpVLPs) that are synthesized in the venom gland and injected into the parasitoid host along with the venom during oviposition. In order to define the content and understand the biogenesis of these atypical vesicles, we performed a transcriptome analysis of the venom gland and a proteomic analysis of the venom and purified MpVLPs. About half of the MpVLPs and soluble venom proteins identified were unknown and no similarity with any known viral sequence was found. However, MpVLPs contained a large number of proteins labelled as metalloproteinases while the most abundant protein family in the soluble venom was that of proteins containing the Domain of Unknown Function DUF-4803. The high number of these proteins identified suggests that a large expansion of these two protein families occurred in M. pulchricornis. Therefore, although the exact mechanism of MpVLPs formation remains to be elucidated, these vesicles appear to be “metalloproteinase bombs” that may have several physiological roles in the host including modifying the functions of its immune cells. The role of DUF4803 proteins, also present in the venom of other braconids, remains to be clarified.

Published
2021
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30. Mammalian epididymal proteome

Author

Dacheux, Jean-Louis, Belleannée, Clémence, Jones, Russell, Labas, Valérie, Belghazi, Maya, Guyonnet, Benoît, Druart, Xavier, Gatti, Jean Luc, and Dacheux, Françoise

Published
2009
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32. Proteo-Trancriptomic Analyses Reveal a Large Expansion of Metalloprotease-Like Proteins in Atypical Venom Vesicles of the Wasp Meteorus pulchricornis (Braconidae)

Author

Gatti, Jean-Luc, primary, Belghazi, Maya, additional, Legeai, Fabrice, additional, Ravallec, Marc, additional, Frayssinet, Marie, additional, Robin, Stéphanie, additional, Aboubakar-Souna, Djibril, additional, Srinivasan, Ramasamy, additional, Tamò, Manuele, additional, Poirié, Marylène, additional, and Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie, additional

Published
2021
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35. Proteo-Trancriptomic analyses reveal a large expansion of metalloprotease-like proteins in atypical venom vesicles of the wasp Meteorus pulchricornis (Braconidae)

Author

Gatti, Jean-Luc, Belghazi, Maya, Legeai, Fabrice, Ravallec, Marc, Frayssinet, Marie, Robin, Stéphanie, Aboubakar Souna, Djibril, Srinivasan, Ramasamy, Tamo, Manuele, Poirié, Marylène, Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Belghazi, Maya, Legeai, Fabrice, Ravallec, Marc, Frayssinet, Marie, Robin, Stéphanie, Aboubakar Souna, Djibril, Srinivasan, Ramasamy, Tamo, Manuele, Poirié, Marylène, and Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie

Abstract

Meteorus pulchricornis (Ichneumonoidea, Braconidae) is an endoparasitoid wasp of lepidopteran caterpillars. Its parasitic success relies on vesicles (named M. pulchricornis Virus-Like Particles or MpVLPs) that are synthesized in the venom gland and injected into the parasitoid host along with the venom during oviposition. In order to define the content and understand the biogenesis of these atypical vesicles, we performed a transcriptome analysis of the venom gland and a proteomic analysis of the venom and purified MpVLPs. About half of the MpVLPs and soluble venom proteins identified were unknown and no similarity with any known viral sequence was found. However, MpVLPs contained a large number of proteins labelled as metalloproteinases while the most abundant protein family in the soluble venom was that of proteins containing the Domain of Unknown Function DUF-4803. The high number of these proteins identified suggests that a large expansion of these two protein families occurred in M. pulchricornis. Therefore, although the exact mechanism of MpVLPs formation remains to be elucidated, these vesicles appear to be “metalloproteinase bombs” that may have several physiological roles in the host including modifying the functions of its immune cells. The role of DUF4803 proteins, also present in the venom of other braconids, remains to be clarified.

Published
2021

36. Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum

Author

Dennis, Alice B., Ballesteros, Gabriel I., Robin, Stéphanie, Schrader, Lukas, Bast, Jens, Berghöfer, Jan, Beukeboom, Leo W., Belghazi, Maya, Bretaudeau, Anthony, Buellesbach, Jan, Cash, Elizabeth, Colinet, Dominique, Dumas, Zoé, Errbii, Mohammed, Falabella, Patrizia, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Geuverink, Elzemiek, Gibson, Joshua D., Hertaeg, Corinne, Hartmann, Stefanie, Jacquin-Joly, Emmanuelle, Lammers, Mark, Lavandero, Blas I., Lindenbaum, Ina, Massardier-Galata, Lauriane, Meslin, Camille, Montagné, Nicolas, Pak, Nina, Poirié, Marylène, Salvia, Rosanna, Smith, Chris R., Tagu, Denis, Tares, Sophie, Vogel, Heiko, Schwander, Tanja, Simon, Jean-Christophe, Figueroa, Christian C., Vorburger, Christoph, Legeai, Fabrice, Gadau, Jürgen, Department of Aquatic Ecology - (Dübendorf, Suisse), Swiss Federal Insitute of Aquatic Science and Technology [Dübendorf] (EAWAG), Universidad de Talca, Plateforme Génomique Environnementale et Fonctionnelle (GEF), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Génétique, Environnement et Protection des Plantes (IGEPP), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity (IEB), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster = University of Münster (WWU), Département d'écologie et évolution [Lausanne] (DEE), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences [Groningen] (GELIFES), University of Groningen [Groningen], Institut de neurophysiopathologie (INP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Environmental Sciences [Riverside], University of California [Riverside] (UC Riverside), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Università degli studi della Basilicata [Potenza] (UNIBAS), Georgia Southern University, University System of Georgia (USG), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC), University of Potsdam = Universität Potsdam, Physiologie de l'Insecte, Signalisation et Communication [Versailles] (PISC), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Scalable, Optimized and Parallel Algorithms for Genomics (GenScale), Inria Rennes – Bretagne Atlantique, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-GESTION DES DONNÉES ET DE LA CONNAISSANCE (IRISA-D7), Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut de Recherche en Informatique et Systèmes Aléatoires (IRISA), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of biology Earlham College, Richmond, IN 47374, USA., 1130483 and 1170943, Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico, ANR-11-LABX-0028-01, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, PP00P3_123376, Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung, 1554/3-1, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, GA 661/4-1, Deutsches Forschungsgemeinschaft, ANR-11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), University of California [Riverside] (UCR), University of California-University of California, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), University of California [Berkeley], University of California, Universität Potsdam, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CentraleSupélec-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université de Bretagne Sud (UBS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École normale supérieure - Rennes (ENS Rennes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Beukeboom lab, and Evolutionary Genetics, Development & Behaviour

Subjects
lcsh:QH426-470, Bioinformatics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Biotechnology, Wasps, Lysiphlebus fabarum, Aphidius ervi, CODON USAGE BIAS, DE-NOVO, Toll and Imd pathways, Medical and Health Sciences, DNA methylation loss, MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT, FACULTATIVE ENDOSYMBIONTS, Information and Computing Sciences, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, ddc:570, Genetics, Animals, DROSOPHILA IMMUNE-RESPONSE, ddc:610, Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, GENE-EXPRESSION, SEX DETERMINATION, Venom proteins, GC content, Venoms, fungi, Genomics, Aphids/genetics, Aphids/immunology, DNA Methylation/genetics, GC Rich Sequence, Insect Proteins/genetics, Sex Determination Processes/genetics, Venoms/genetics, Wasps/genetics, Wasps/immunology, Aphid host, Chemosensory genes, Parasitoid wasp, de novo genome assembly, DNA Methylation, Sex Determination Processes, Biological Sciences, INTRODUCED POPULATIONS, lcsh:Genetics, Aphids, TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS, Insect Proteins, Research Article
Abstract

Background Parasitoid wasps have fascinating life cycles and play an important role in trophic networks, yet little is known about their genome content and function. Parasitoids that infect aphids are an important group with the potential for biological control. Their success depends on adapting to develop inside aphids and overcoming both host aphid defenses and their protective endosymbionts. Results We present the de novo genome assemblies, detailed annotation, and comparative analysis of two closely related parasitoid wasps that target pest aphids: Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). The genomes are small (139 and 141 Mbp) and the most AT-rich reported thus far for any arthropod (GC content: 25.8 and 23.8%). This nucleotide bias is accompanied by skewed codon usage and is stronger in genes with adult-biased expression. AT-richness may be the consequence of reduced genome size, a near absence of DNA methylation, and energy efficiency. We identify missing desaturase genes, whose absence may underlie mimicry in the cuticular hydrocarbon profile of L. fabarum. We highlight key gene groups including those underlying venom composition, chemosensory perception, and sex determination, as well as potential losses in immune pathway genes. Conclusions These findings are of fundamental interest for insect evolution and biological control applications. They provide a strong foundation for further functional studies into coevolution between parasitoids and their hosts. Both genomes are available at https://bipaa.genouest.org., Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 989

Published
2020
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37. Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki bioinsecticide induces growth defects and developmental delay of the non-target organism Drosophila melanogaster by disturbing homeostasis of the larval intestine

Author

Nawrot-Esposito, Marie-Paule, Babin, Aurélie, Pasco, Matthieu, Poirié, Marylène, Gatti, Jean-Luc, and Gallet, Armel

Subjects
immune system diseases, hemic and lymphatic diseases, fungi
Abstract

Bioinsecticides made of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) are the bioinsecticide best sale worldwide. Due to the governmental policies and the public opinion, the use of such products has increased exponentially over the last decade. Among Bt bioinsecticides, those based on the strain Bt var. kurstaki ( Btk ) are widely used in farming to fight lepidopteran pests. Although there is much evidence of the short-term safety of Btk products on non-target animals, only scarce data are available on their long-term unintended effects. Here, we aimed to characterize the putative unintended effects of the ingestion of environmental doses of Btk products on the larval development of the non-target dipteran Drosophila melanogaster . We showed that Btk products impair growth and developmental time of Drosophila larvae. These effects are mediated by the synergism between Btk bacteria and Btk insecticidal toxins, which induces significant apoptosis of enterocytes, resulting in a decreased intestinal capacity to digest proteins. The harmful effects can be compensated by a protein-rich diet or the addition of the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum in the food. Finally, we uncovered the ability of the larval midgut to maintain its integrity upon Btk aggression thanks to both the generation of new immature cells arising from adult midgut precursors and the flattening of old enterocytes. Our work demonstrates that unintended effects of Btk products impede gut physiology but can be mitigated by the regenerative capacity of the gut, the commensal flora composition and the diet composition. IMPORTANCE Spores of Bacillus thuringiensis are broadly used biopesticides to kill lepidopteran pest. Although lethal toxicity of Bt products is restricted to target organisms, many gaps in our knowledge remains regarding the putative unintended effects of Btk biopesticides on non-target organism. Our study focuses on the impacts of Btk products on Drosophila melanogaster development and growth upon the ingestion of a food contaminated with doses of Btk spores detected on vegetable after spraying. Our results highlight the importance of the nutritional environment and the composition of the commensal flora to endure the harmful effects of Btk products on growth and development.

Published
2020
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38. Additional file 14 of Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum

Author

Dennis, Alice B., Ballesteros, Gabriel I., Robin, Stéphanie, Schrader, Lukas, Bast, Jens, Berghöfer, Jan, Beukeboom, Leo W., Belghazi, Maya, Bretaudeau, Anthony, Buellesbach, Jan, Cash, Elizabeth, Colinet, Dominique, Dumas, Zoé, Errbii, Mohammed, Falabella, Patrizia, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Elzemiek Geuverink, Gibson, Joshua D., Hertaeg, Corinne, Hartmann, Stefanie, Jacquin-Joly, Emmanuelle, Lammers, Mark, Lavandero, Blas I., Lindenbaum, Ina, Massardier-Galata, Lauriane, Meslin, Camille, Montagné, Nicolas, Pak, Nina, Poirié, Marylène, Salvia, Rosanna, Smith, Chris R., Tagu, Denis, Tares, Sophie, Vogel, Heiko, Schwander, Tanja, Jean-Christophe Simon, Figueroa, Christian C., Vorburger, Christoph, Legeai, Fabrice, and Gadau, Jürgen

Abstract

Additional file 14. Supplementary Materials.

Published
2020
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40. Contributors

Author

Asgari, Sassan, primary, Beckage, Nancy E., additional, Béliveau, Catherine, additional, Bézier, Annie, additional, Branca, Antoine, additional, Cherqui, Anas, additional, Colinet, Dominique, additional, Cusson, Michel, additional, Danneels, Ellen L., additional, de Graaf, Dirk C., additional, Desjardins, Christopher A., additional, Doury, Géraldine, additional, Drezen, Jean-Michel, additional, Dupas, Stéphane, additional, Dupuy, Catherine, additional, Eslin, Patrice, additional, Fleury, Frédéric, additional, Formesyn, Ellen M., additional, Gandon, Sylvain, additional, Gatti, Jean-luc, additional, Giordana, Barbara, additional, Gitau, Catherine, additional, Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn, additional, Herniou, Elisabeth Anne, additional, Huguet, Elisabeth, additional, Kaeslin, Martha, additional, Krell, Peter J., additional, Lanzrein, Beatrice, additional, Lapointe, Renée, additional, Lepetit, David, additional, Levesque, Roger C., additional, Maaroufi, Halim, additional, Mancini, Donato, additional, Martinez, Julien, additional, Moreau, Sébastien J.M., additional, Nisole, Audrey, additional, O’Connor, Jaqueline M., additional, Patot, Sabine, additional, Pennacchio, Francesco, additional, Pfister-Wilhelm, Rita, additional, Poirié, Marylène, additional, Prevost, Geneviève, additional, Rao, Rosa, additional, Renault, Sylvaine, additional, Roth, Thomas, additional, Schmitz, Antonin, additional, Serbielle, Céline, additional, Stoltz, Don, additional, Strand, Michael R., additional, Varaldi, Julien, additional, Vinson, S. Bradleigh, additional, Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie, additional, Webb, Bruce A., additional, Wespi, Gabriela, additional, and Whitfield, James B., additional

Published
2012
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47. Adverse effects of Bacillus thuringiensis bioinsecticide on non-target Drosophila species 1

Author

Babin, Aurélie, Nawrot-Esposito, Marie-Paule, Gatti $, Jean-Luc, Poirie, Marylène, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
longevity, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], fungi, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Bacillus thuringiensis, toxicity, Drosophila, offspring number, non-intentional effects, development, biopesticide, ecotoxicology, fitness
Abstract

Biopesticides based on Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk) and israelensis (Bti) spores and toxins are widely used to control insect pests, increasing environmental risks to non-target biodiversity. Here, we tested for potential effects of larval ingestion of Bt commercial formulations on Drosophila species. Doses equivalent to those recommended for field application (⩽10^6 CFU/g of fly medium) had no effect whereas Btk doses 10 to 100-fold higher (10^7-10^8 CFU/g) altered the development (decreased emergence due to larval mortality and increased development time), and moderately influenced adult fitness-related traits. At the highest Btk and Bti dose (10^9 CFU/g), all larvae died before pupation. The impact of Btk formulations resulted from the spores/cleaved toxins synergy, but also additives. While recommended doses had no effect on non-target Drosophila species, the accumulation of Bt bioinsecticides in the environment could have adverse side-effects on the populations of these species and therefore their associated communities.

Published
2019
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48. Functional insights from the GC-poor genomes of two aphid parasitoids, Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum

Author

Robin, Stéphanie, Schrader, Lukas, Bast, Jens, Berghöfer, Jan, Beukeboom, Leo, Belghazi, Maya, Bretaudeau, Anthony, Büllesbach, Jan, Cash, Elizabeth, Colinet, Dominique, Dumas, Zoé, Falabella, Patrizia, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Geuverink, Elzemiek, Gibson, Joshua D., Hertäg, Corinne, Hartmann, Stefanie, Joly, Emmanuelle, Lammers, Mark, Lavandero, Blas I., Lindenbaum, Ina, Galata-Massardier, Lauriane, Meslin-Auclair, Camille, Montagné, Nicolas, Pak, Nina, Poirie, Marylène, Salvia, Rosanna, Smith, Chris R., Tagu, Denis, Tares, Sophie, Vogel, Heiko, Schwander, Tanja, Simon, Jean-Christophe, Figueroa, Christian, Vorburger, Christoph, Legeai, Fabrice, Gadau, Jürgen, Dennis , Alice B., and Ballesteros, Gabriel I.

Subjects
fungi, food and beverages, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition
Abstract

Background Parasitoid wasps have fascinating life cycles and play an important role in trophic networks, yet little is known about their genome content and function. Parasitoids that infect aphids are an important group with the potential for biocontrol, and infecting aphids requires overcoming both aphid defenses and their defensive endosymbionts. Results We present the de novo genome assemblies, detailed annotation, and comparative analysis of two closely related parasitoid wasps that target pest aphids: Aphidius ervi and Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). The genomes are small (139 and 141 Mbp), highly syntenic, and the most AT-rich reported thus far for any arthropod (GC content: 25.8% and 23.8%). This nucleotide bias is accompanied by skewed codon usage, and is stronger in genes with adult-biased expression. AT-richness may be the consequence of reduced genome size, a near absence of DNA methylation, and age-specific energy demands. We identify expansions of F-box/Leucine-rich-repeat proteins, suggesting that diversification in this gene family may be associated with their broad host range or with countering defenses from aphids’ endosymbionts. The absence of some immune genes (Toll and Imd pathways) resembles similar losses in their aphid hosts, highlighting the potential impact of symbiosis on both aphids and their parasitoids. Conclusions These findings are of fundamental interest for insect evolution and beyond. This will provide a strong foundation for further functional studies including coevolution with respect to their hosts, the basis of successful infection, and biocontrol. Both genomes are available at https://bipaa.genouest.org.

Published
2019

49. Rapid and differential evolution of the venom composition of a parasitoid wasp depending on the host strain

Author

Cavigliasso, Fanny, Mathe-Hubert, Hugo, Kremmer, Laurent, Rebuf, Christian, Gatti, Jean-Luc, Malausa, Thibaut, Colinet, Dominique, and Poirie, Marylène

Subjects
fungi, complex mixtures, protein composition, parasitoid wasp, venom composition, experimental evolution, 1D protein electrophoresis
Abstract

Parasitoid wasps rely primarily on venom to suppress the immune response and regulate the physiology of their host. Intraspecific variability of venom protein composition has been documented in some species, but its evolutionary potential is poorly understood. We performed an experimental evolution initiated with crosses of two lines of Leptopilina boulardi of different venom composition to generate variability and create new combinations of venom factors. The offspring were maintained for 10 generations on two strains of Drosophila melanogaster differing in resistance / susceptibility to the parasitoid lines. The venom composition of individuals was characterized by a semi-automatic analysis of 1D SDS-PAGE protein profiles whose accuracy was checked by Western blot analysis of well-characterized venom proteins. Results evidenced a rapid and differential evolution of the venom composition on both hosts and showed that the proteins beneficial on one host can be costly on the other. Overall, we demonstrated the capacity of rapid evolution of the venom composition in parasitoid wasps, important regulators of arthropod populations, suggesting a potential for adaptation to new hosts. Our approach also proved relevant in identifying, among the diversity of venom proteins, those possibly involved in parasitism success and whose role deserves to be deepened.

Published
2019

50. Variation in the Venom of Parasitic Wasps, Drift, or Selection? Insights From a Multivariate QST Analysis

Author

Mathe-Hubert, Hugo, Kremmer, Laurent, Colinet, Dominique, Gatti, Jean-Luc, van Baaren, Joan, Delava, Emilie, Poirie, Marylène, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique et évolution des interactions hôtes-parasites, Département génétique, interactions et évolution des génomes [LBBE] (GINSENG), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work received support from the French National Research Agency (CLIMEVOL project, ANR-08-BLAN-0231) and the Department of Plant Health and Environment from the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA). It was performed in the context of the Investments for the Future LABEX SIGNALIFE: program reference ANR-11-LABX-0028. HM-H was funded by the Provence Alpes Côte d’Azur (PACA) regionand the Department of Plant Health and Environment from the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA)., ANR-08-BLAN-0231,CLIMEVOL,Climate change and Evolution of host-parasitoid interactions: from molecules to communities(2008), ANR-11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR: 11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011)

Subjects
adaptive divergence, Leptopilina wasps, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], antagonistic coevolution, lcsh:Evolution, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, multivariate QST, lcsh:QH540-549.5, lcsh:QH359-425, Drosophila, lcsh:Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, population proteomics, individual 1D SDS-PAGE, local adaptation
Abstract

International audience; Differentiation of traits among populations can evolve by drift when gene flow is low relative to drift or selection when there are different local optima in each population (heterogeneous selection), whereas homogeneous selection tends to prevent evolution of such a differentiation. Analyses of geographical variations in venom composition have been done in several taxa such as wasps, spiders, scorpions, cone snails and snakes, but surprisingly never in parasitoid wasps, although their venom should constrain their ability to succeed on locally available hosts. Such a study is now facilitated by the development of an accurate method (quantitative digital analysis) that allows analyzing the quantitative variation of large sets of proteins from several individuals. This method was used here to analyse the venom-based differentiation of four samples of Leptopilina boulardi and five samples of L. heterotoma from populations along a 300 km long south-north gradient in the Rhône-Saône valley (South-East of France). A major result is that the composition of the venom allows to differentiate the populations studied even when separated by few kilometers. We further analyzed these differentiations on the populations (reared under similar conditions to exclude environmental variance) with a QST analysis which compared the variance of a quantitative trait (Q) among the subpopulations (S) to the total variance (T). We also used random forest clustering analyses to detect the venom components the most likely to be adapted locally. The signature of the natural selection was strong for L. heterotoma and L. boulardi. For the latter, the comparison with the differentiation observed at some neutral markers revealed that differentiation was partly due to some local adaptation. The combination of methods used here appears to be a powerful framework for population proteomics and for the study of eco-evolutionary feedbacks between proteomic level and population and ecosystem levels. This is of interest not only for studying field evolution at an intermediate level between the genome and phenotypes, or for understanding the role of evolution in chemical ecology, but also for more applied issues in biological control.

Published
2019
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