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5. Variable impact on mortality of AIDS-defining events diagnosed during combination antiretroviral therapy : not all AIDS-defining conditions are created equal

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Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration Mocroft A, Sterne JA, Egger M, May M, Grabar S, Furrer H, Sabin C, Fatkenheuer G, Justice A, Reiss P, d'Arminio Monforte A, Gill J, Hogg R, Bonnet F, Kitahata M, Staszewski S, Casabona J, Harris R, Saag M, Chêne G, Costagliola D, Dabis F, D'Arminio Monforte A, de Wolf F, Ledergerber B, Mocroft A, Phillips A, Weller I, Sterne J, Abgrall S, Barin F, Bentata M, Billaud E, Boué F, Burty C, Cabié A, Cotte L, De Truchis P, Duval X, Duvivier C, Enel P, Fredouille Heripret L, Gasnault J, Gaud C, Gilquin J, Katlama C, Khuong MA, Lang JM, Lascaux AS, Launay O, Mahamat A, Mary Krause M, Matheron S, Meynard JL, Pavie J, Pialoux G, Pilorgé F, Poizot Martin I, Pradier C, Reynes J, Rouveix E, Simon A, Tattevin P, Tissot Dupont H, Viard JP, Viget N, Pariente Khayat A, Salomon V, Jacquemet N, Rivet A, Guiguet M, Kousignian I, Lanoy E, Lièvre L, Potard V, Selinger Leneman H, Bouvet E, Crickx B, Ecobichon JL, Leport C, Picard Dahan C, Yeni P, Tisne Dessus D, Weiss L, Salmon D, Sicard D, Auperin I, Roudière L, Fior R, Delfraissy JF, Goujard C, Jung C, Lesprit P, Desplanque N, Meyohas MC, Picard O, Cadranel J, Mayaud C, Bricaire F, Herson S, Clauvel JP, Decazes JM, Gerard L, Molina JM, Diemer M, Sellier P, Berthé H, Dupont C, Chandemerle C, Mortier E, Honoré P, Jeantils V, Tassi S, Mechali D, Taverne B, Gourdon F, Laurichesse H, Fresard A, Lucht F, Eglinger P, Faller JP, Bazin C, Verdon R, Boibieux A, Peyramond D, Livrozet JM, Touraine JL, Trepo C, Ravaux I, Delmont JP, Moreau J, Gastaut JA, Retornaz F, Soubeyrand J, Allegre T, Blanc PA, Galinier A, Ruiz JM, Lepeu G, Granet Brunello P, Esterni JP, Pelissier L, Cohen Valensi R, Nezri M, Chadapaud S, Laffeuillade A, May T, Rabaud C, Raffi F, Arvieux C, Michelet C, Borsa Lebas F, Caron F, Fraisse P, Rey D, Arlet Suau E, Cuzin L, Massip P, Thiercelin Legrand MF, Yasdanpanah Y, Pradinaud R, Sobesky M, Contant M, Montroni M, Scalise G, Braschi MC, Riva A, Tirelli U, Martellotta F, Pastore G, Ladisa N, Suter F, Arici C, Chiodo F, Colangeli V, Fiorini C, Carosi G, Cristini G, Torti C, Minardi C, Bertelli D, Quirino T, Manconi PE, Piano P, Cosco L, Scerbo A, Vecchiet J, D'Alessandro M, Santoro D, Pusterla L, Carnevale G, Lorenzotti S, Viganò P, Mena M, Ghinelli F, Sighinolfi L, Leoncini F, Mazzotta F, Pozzi M, Lo Caputo S, Grisorio B, Ferrara S, Grima P, Grima PF, Pagano G, Cassola G, Alessandrini A, Piscopo R, Toti M, Trezzi M, Soscia F, Tacconi L, Orani A, Perini P, Scasso A, Vincenti A, Chiodera F, Castelli P, Scalzini A, Palvarini L, Moroni M, Lazzarin A, Rizzardini G, Caggese L, Cicconi P, Galli A, Merli S, Pastecchia C, Moioli MC, Esposito R, Mussini C, Abrescia N, Chirianni A, Izzo CM, Piazza M, De Marco M, Viglietti R, Manzillo E, Colomba A, Abbadessa V, Prestileo T, Mancuso S, Ferrari C, Pizzaferri P, Filice G, Minoli L, Bruno R, Novati S, Baldelli F, Camanni G, Petrelli E, Cioppi A, Alberici F, Ruggieri A, Menichetti F, Martinelli C, De Stefano C, La Gala A, Ballardini G, Rizzo E, Magnani G, Ursitti MA, Arlotti M, Ortolani P, Cauda R, Dianzani F, Ippolito G, Antinori A, Antonucci G, Ciardi M, Narciso P, Petrosillo N, Vullo V, De Luca A, Zaccarelli M, Acinapura R, De Longis P, Trotta MP, Noto P, Lichtner M, Capobianchi MR, Carletti F, Girardi E, Pezzotti P, Rezza G, Mura MS, Mannazzu M, Caramello P, Di Perri G, Orofino GC, Sciandra M, Grossi PA, Basilico C, Poggio A, Bottari G, Raise E, Ebo F, Pellizzer G, Buonfrate D, Resta F, Loso K, Cozzi Lepri A, Battegay M, Bernasconi E, Böni J, Bucher H, Bürgisser P, Cattacin S, Cavassini M, Dubs R, Elzi L, Erb P, Fischer M, Flepp M, Fontana A, Francioli P, Gorgievski M, Günthard H, Hirsch H, Hirschel B, Hösli I, Kahlert C, Kaiser L, Karrer U, Kind C, Klimkait T, Martinetti G, Martinez B, Müller N, Nadal D, Opravil M, Paccaud F, Pantaleo G, Rickenbach M, Rudin C, Schmid P, Schultze D, Schüpbach J, Speck R, Taffé P, Tarr P, Telenti A, Trkola A, Vernazza P, Weber R, Yerly S, Gras LA, van Sighem AI, Smit C, Bronsveld W, Hillebrand Haverkort ME, Prins JM, Branger J, Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK, Gisolf J, Godfried MH, Lange JM, Lettinga KD, van der Meer JT, Nellen FJ, van der Poll T, Ruys TA, Steingrover R, Vermeulen JN, Vrouenraets SM, van Vugt M, Wit FW, Kuijpers TW, Pajkrt D, Scherpbier HJ, van Eeden A, Brinkman K, van den Berk GE, Blok WL, Frissen PH, Roos JC, Schouten WE, Mulder JW, van Gorp EC, Wagenaar J, Veenstra J, Danner SA, Van Agtmael MA, Claessen FA, Perenboom RM, Rijkeboer A, van Vonderen MG, Richter C, van der Berg J, Vriesendorp R, Jeurissen FJ, Kauffmann RH, Pogány K, Bravenboer B, ten Napel CH, Kootstra GJ, Sprenger HG, van Assen S, van Leeuwen JT, Doedens R, Scholvinck EH, ten Kate RW, Soetekouw R, van Houte D, Polée MB, Kroon FP, van den Broek PJ, van Dissel JT, Schippers EF, Schreij G, van der Geest S, Lowe S, Verbon A, Koopmans PP, Van Crevel R, de Groot R, Keuter M, Post F, van der Ven AJ, Warris A, van der Ende ME, Gyssens IC, van der Feltz M, Nouwen JL, Rijnders BJ, de Vries TE, Driessen G, van der Flier M, Hartwig NG, Juttman JR, van Kasteren ME, Van de Heul C, Hoepelman IM, Schneider MM, Bonten MJ, Borleffs JC, Ellerbroek PM, Jaspers CA, Mudrikove T, Schurink CA, Gisolf EH, Geelen SP, Wolfs TF, Faber T, Tanis AA, Groeneveld PH, den Hollander JG, Duits AJ, Winkel K, Back NK, Bakker ME, Berkhout B, Jurriaans S, Zaaijer HL, Cuijpers T, Rietra PJ, Roozendaal KJ, Pauw W, van Zanten AP, Smits PH, von Blomberg BM, Savelkoul P, Pettersson A, Swanink CM, Franck PF, Lampe AS, Jansen CL, Hendriks R, Benne CA, Veenendaal D, Storm H, Weel J, van Zeijl JH, Kroes AC, Claas HC, Bruggeman CA, Goossens VJ, Galama JM, Melchers WJ, Poort YA, Doornum GJ, Niesters MG, Osterhaus AD, Schutten M, Buiting AG, Swaans CA, Boucher CA, Schuurman R, Boel E, Jansz AF, Veldkamp A, Beijnen JH, Huitema AD, Burger DM, Hugen PW, van Kan HJ, Losso M, Duran A, Vetter N, Karpov I, Vassilenko A, Mitsura VM, Suetnov O, Clumeck N, De Wit S, Poll B, Colebunders R, Kostov K, Begovac J, Machala L, Rozsypal H, Sedlacek D, Nielsen J, Lundgren J, Benfield T, Kirk O, Gerstoft J, Katzenstein T, Hansen AB, Skinhøj P, Pedersen C, Oestergaard L, Zilmer K, Ristola M, Girard PM, Vanhems P, Rockstroh J, Schmidt R, van Lunzen J, Degen O, Stellbrink HJ, Bogner J, Kosmidis J, Gargalianos P, Xylomenos G, Perdios J, Panos G, Filandras A, Karabatsaki E, Sambattakou H, Banhegyi D, Mulcahy F, Yust I, Turner D, Burke M, Pollack S, Hassoun G, Maayan S, Chiesi A, Mazeu I, Pristera R, Gabbuti A, Montesarchio E, Gargiulo M, Iacomi F, Vlassi C, Finazzi R, Galli M, Ridolfo A, Rozentale B, Aldins P, Chaplinskas S, Hemmer R, Staub T, Bruun J, Maeland A, Ormaasen V, Knysz B, Gasiorowski J, Horban A, Prokopowicz D, Wiercinska Drapalo A, Boron Kaczmarska A, Pynka M, Beniowski M, Mularska E, Trocha H, Antunes F, Valadas E, Mansinho K, Maltez F, Duiculescu D, Rakhmanova A, Vinogradova E, Buzunova S, Jevtovic D, Mokrás M, Staneková D, González Lahoz J, Soriano V, Martin Carbonero L, Labarga P, Clotet B, Jou A, Conejero J, Tural C, Gatell JM, Miró JM, Domingo P, Gutierrez M, Mateo G, Sambeat MA, Karlsson A, Persson PO, Flamholc L, Boffi E, Kravchenko E, Chentsova N, Barton S, Johnson AM, Mercey D, Johnson MA, Murphy M, Weber J, Scullard G, Fisher M, Brettle R, Gatell J, Gazzard B, Friis Møller N, Bannister W, Ellefson M, Borch A, Podlekareva D, Holkmann Olsen C, Kjaer J, Peters L, Reekie J, Raffanti S, Dieterch D, Becker S, Scarsella A, Fusco G, Most B, Balu R, Rana R, Beckerman R, Ising T, Fusco J, Irek R, Johnson B, Hirani A, DeJesus E, Pierone G, Lackey P, Irek C, Johnson A, Burdick J, Leon S, Arch J, Helm EB, Carlebach A, Müller A, Haberl A, Nisius G, Lennemann T, Stephan C, Bickel M, Mösch M, Gute P, Locher L, Lutz T, Klauke S, Knecht G, Khaykin P, Doerr HW, Stürmer M, Babacan E, von Hentig N, Beylot J, Dupon M, Longy Boursier M, Pellegrin JL, Ragnaud JM, Salamon R, Thiébaut R, Lewden C, Lawson Ayayi S, Mercié P, Moreau JF, Morlat P, Bernard N, Lacoste D, Malvy D, Neau D, Blaizeau MJ, Decoin M, Delveaux S, Hannapier C, Labarrère S, Lavignolle Aurillac V, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira B, Palmer G, Touchard D, Balestre E, Alioum A, Jacqmin Gadda H, Bonarek M, Coadou B, Gellie P, Nouts C, Bocquentin F, Dutronc H, Lafarie S, Aslan A, Pistonne T, Thibaut P, Vatan R, Chambon D, De La Taille C, Cazorla C, Ocho A, Viallard JF, Caubet O, Cipriano C, Lazaro E, Couzigou P, Castera L, Fleury H, Lafon ME, Masquelier B, Pellegrin I, Breilh D, Blanco P, Loste P, Caunègre L, Bonnal F, Farbos S, Ferrand M, Ceccaldi J, Tchamgoué S, De Witte S, Buy E, Alexander C, Barrios R, Braitstein P, Brumme Z, Chan K, Cote H, Gataric N, Geller J, Guillemi S, Harrigan PR, Harris M, Joy R, Levy A, Montaner J, Montessori V, Palepu A, Phillips E, Phillips P, Press N, Tyndall M, Wood E, Yip B, Bhagani S, Breen R, Byrne P, Carroll A, Cuthbertson Z, Dunleavy A, Geretti AM, Heelan B, Johnson M, Kinloch de Loes S, Lipman M, Madge S, Marshall N, Nair D, Nebbia G, Prinz B, Shah S, Swader L, Tyrer M, Youle M, Chaloner C, Grabowska H, Holloway J, Puradiredja J, Ransom D, Tsintas R, Bansi L, Fox Z, Harris E, Hill T, Lampe F, Lodwick R, Smith C, Amoah E, Booth C, Clewley G, Garcia Diaz A, Gregory B, Janossy G, Labbett W, Thomas M, Read R, Krentz H, Beckthold B, Schmeisser N, Alquézar A, Esteve A, Podzamczer D, Murillas J, Romero A, Agustí C, Agüero F, Ferrer E, Riera M, Segura F, Navarro G, Force L, Vilaró J, Masabeu A, García I, Guadarrama M, Montoliu A, Ortega N, Lazzari E, Puchol E, Sanchez M, Blanco JL, Garcia Alcaide F, Martinez E, Mallolas J, López Dieguez M, García Goez JF, Sirera G, Romeu J, Negredo E, Miranda C, Capitan MC, Olmo M, Barragan P, Saumoy M, Bolao F, Cabellos C, Peña C, Sala M, Cervantes M, Jose Amengual M, Navarro M, Penelo E, Barrufet P, Raper JL, Mugavero MJ, Willig JH, Schumacher J, Chang PW, Westfall AO, Cloud G, Lin HY, Acosta EP, Colette Kempf M, Allison JJ, Pisu M., NAPPA, SALVATORE, Mocroft, A, Mancuso, S, Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration Mocroft, A, Sterne, Ja, Egger, M, May, M, Grabar, S, Furrer, H, Sabin, C, Fatkenheuer, G, Justice, A, Reiss, P, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Gill, J, Hogg, R, Bonnet, F, Kitahata, M, Staszewski, S, Casabona, J, Harris, R, Saag, M, Chêne, G, Costagliola, D, Dabis, F, D'Arminio Monforte, A, de Wolf, F, Ledergerber, B, Phillips, A, Weller, I, Sterne, J, Abgrall, S, Barin, F, Bentata, M, Billaud, E, Boué, F, Burty, C, Cabié, A, Cotte, L, De Truchis, P, Duval, X, Duvivier, C, Enel, P, Fredouille Heripret, L, Gasnault, J, Gaud, C, Gilquin, J, Katlama, C, Khuong, Ma, Lang, Jm, Lascaux, A, Launay, O, Mahamat, A, Mary Krause, M, Matheron, S, Meynard, Jl, Pavie, J, Pialoux, G, Pilorgé, F, Poizot Martin, I, Pradier, C, Reynes, J, Rouveix, E, Simon, A, Tattevin, P, Tissot Dupont, H, Viard, Jp, Viget, N, Pariente Khayat, A, Salomon, V, Jacquemet, N, Rivet, A, Guiguet, M, Kousignian, I, Lanoy, E, Lièvre, L, Potard, V, Selinger Leneman, H, Bouvet, E, Crickx, B, Ecobichon, Jl, Leport, C, Picard Dahan, C, Yeni, P, Tisne Dessus, D, Weiss, L, Salmon, D, Sicard, D, Auperin, I, Roudière, L, Fior, R, Delfraissy, Jf, Goujard, C, Jung, C, Lesprit, P, Desplanque, N, Meyohas, Mc, Picard, O, Cadranel, J, Mayaud, C, Bricaire, F, Herson, S, Clauvel, Jp, Decazes, Jm, Gerard, L, Molina, Jm, Diemer, M, Sellier, P, Berthé, H, Dupont, C, Chandemerle, C, Mortier, E, Honoré, P, Jeantils, V, Tassi, S, Mechali, D, Taverne, B, Gourdon, F, Laurichesse, H, Fresard, A, Lucht, F, Eglinger, P, Faller, Jp, Bazin, C, Verdon, R, Boibieux, A, Peyramond, D, Livrozet, Jm, Touraine, Jl, Trepo, C, Ravaux, I, Delmont, Jp, Moreau, J, Gastaut, Ja, Retornaz, F, Soubeyrand, J, Allegre, T, Blanc, Pa, Galinier, A, Ruiz, Jm, Lepeu, G, Granet Brunello, P, Esterni, Jp, Pelissier, L, Cohen Valensi, R, Nezri, M, Chadapaud, S, Laffeuillade, A, May, T, Rabaud, C, Raffi, F, Arvieux, C, Michelet, C, Borsa Lebas, F, Caron, F, Fraisse, P, Rey, D, Arlet Suau, E, Cuzin, L, Massip, P, Thiercelin Legrand, Mf, Yasdanpanah, Y, Pradinaud, R, Sobesky, M, Contant, M, Montroni, M, Scalise, G, Braschi, Mc, Riva, A, Tirelli, U, Martellotta, F, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Suter, F, Arici, C, Chiodo, F, Colangeli, V, Fiorini, C, Carosi, G, Cristini, G, Torti, C, Minardi, C, Bertelli, D, Quirino, T, Manconi, Pe, Piano, P, Cosco, L, Scerbo, A, Vecchiet, J, D'Alessandro, M, Santoro, D, Pusterla, L, Carnevale, G, Lorenzotti, S, Viganò, P, Mena, M, Ghinelli, F, Sighinolfi, L, Leoncini, F, Mazzotta, F, Pozzi, M, Lo Caputo, S, Grisorio, B, Ferrara, S, Grima, P, Grima, Pf, Pagano, G, Cassola, G, Alessandrini, A, Piscopo, R, Toti, M, Trezzi, M, Soscia, F, Tacconi, L, Orani, A, Perini, P, Scasso, A, Vincenti, A, Chiodera, F, Castelli, P, Scalzini, A, Palvarini, L, Moroni, M, Lazzarin, A, Rizzardini, G, Caggese, L, Cicconi, P, Galli, A, Merli, S, Pastecchia, C, Moioli, Mc, Esposito, R, Mussini, C, Abrescia, N, Chirianni, A, Izzo, Cm, Piazza, M, De Marco, M, Viglietti, R, Manzillo, E, Nappa, Salvatore, Colomba, A, Abbadessa, V, Prestileo, T, Ferrari, C, Pizzaferri, P, Filice, G, Minoli, L, Bruno, R, Novati, S, Baldelli, F, Camanni, G, Petrelli, E, Cioppi, A, Alberici, F, Ruggieri, A, Menichetti, F, Martinelli, C, De Stefano, C, La Gala, A, Ballardini, G, Rizzo, E, Magnani, G, Ursitti, Ma, Arlotti, M, Ortolani, P, Cauda, R, Dianzani, F, Ippolito, G, Antinori, A, Antonucci, G, Ciardi, M, Narciso, P, Petrosillo, N, Vullo, V, De Luca, A, Zaccarelli, M, Acinapura, R, De Longis, P, Trotta, Mp, Noto, P, Lichtner, M, Capobianchi, Mr, Carletti, F, Girardi, E, Pezzotti, P, Rezza, G, Mura, M, Mannazzu, M, Caramello, P, Di Perri, G, Orofino, Gc, Sciandra, M, Grossi, Pa, Basilico, C, Poggio, A, Bottari, G, Raise, E, Ebo, F, Pellizzer, G, Buonfrate, D, Resta, F, Loso, K, Cozzi Lepri, A, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Bucher, H, Bürgisser, P, Cattacin, S, Cavassini, M, Dubs, R, Elzi, L, Erb, P, Fischer, M, Flepp, M, Fontana, A, Francioli, P, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, H, Hirsch, H, Hirschel, B, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Karrer, U, Kind, C, Klimkait, T, Martinetti, G, Martinez, B, Müller, N, Nadal, D, Opravil, M, Paccaud, F, Pantaleo, G, Rickenbach, M, Rudin, C, Schmid, P, Schultze, D, Schüpbach, J, Speck, R, Taffé, P, Tarr, P, Telenti, A, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Weber, R, Yerly, S, Gras, La, van Sighem, Ai, Smit, C, Bronsveld, W, Hillebrand Haverkort, Me, Prins, Jm, Branger, J, Eeftinck Schattenkerk, Jk, Gisolf, J, Godfried, Mh, Lange, Jm, Lettinga, Kd, van der Meer, Jt, Nellen, Fj, van der Poll, T, Ruys, Ta, Steingrover, R, Vermeulen, Jn, Vrouenraets, Sm, van Vugt, M, Wit, Fw, Kuijpers, Tw, Pajkrt, D, Scherpbier, Hj, van Eeden, A, Brinkman, K, van den Berk, Ge, Blok, Wl, Frissen, Ph, Roos, Jc, Schouten, We, Mulder, Jw, van Gorp, Ec, Wagenaar, J, Veenstra, J, Danner, Sa, Van Agtmael, Ma, Claessen, Fa, Perenboom, Rm, Rijkeboer, A, van Vonderen, Mg, Richter, C, van der Berg, J, Vriesendorp, R, Jeurissen, Fj, Kauffmann, Rh, Pogány, K, Bravenboer, B, ten Napel, Ch, Kootstra, Gj, Sprenger, Hg, van Assen, S, van Leeuwen, Jt, Doedens, R, Scholvinck, Eh, ten Kate, Rw, Soetekouw, R, van Houte, D, Polée, Mb, Kroon, Fp, van den Broek, Pj, van Dissel, Jt, Schippers, Ef, Schreij, G, van der Geest, S, Lowe, S, Verbon, A, Koopmans, Pp, Van Crevel, R, de Groot, R, Keuter, M, Post, F, van der Ven, Aj, Warris, A, van der Ende, Me, Gyssens, Ic, van der Feltz, M, Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bj, de Vries, Te, Driessen, G, van der Flier, M, Hartwig, Ng, Juttman, Jr, van Kasteren, Me, Van de Heul, C, Hoepelman, Im, Schneider, Mm, Bonten, Mj, Borleffs, Jc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Jaspers, Ca, Mudrikove, T, Schurink, Ca, Gisolf, Eh, Geelen, Sp, Wolfs, Tf, Faber, T, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Ph, den Hollander, Jg, Duits, Aj, Winkel, K, Back, Nk, Bakker, Me, Berkhout, B, Jurriaans, S, Zaaijer, Hl, Cuijpers, T, Rietra, Pj, Roozendaal, Kj, Pauw, W, van Zanten, Ap, Smits, Ph, von Blomberg, Bm, Savelkoul, P, Pettersson, A, Swanink, Cm, Franck, Pf, Lampe, A, Jansen, Cl, Hendriks, R, Benne, Ca, Veenendaal, D, Storm, H, Weel, J, van Zeijl, Jh, Kroes, Ac, Claas, Hc, Bruggeman, Ca, Goossens, Vj, Galama, Jm, Melchers, Wj, Poort, Ya, Doornum, Gj, Niesters, Mg, Osterhaus, Ad, Schutten, M, Buiting, Ag, Swaans, Ca, Boucher, Ca, Schuurman, R, Boel, E, Jansz, Af, Veldkamp, A, Beijnen, Jh, Huitema, Ad, Burger, Dm, Hugen, Pw, van Kan, Hj, Losso, M, Duran, A, Vetter, N, Karpov, I, Vassilenko, A, Mitsura, Vm, Suetnov, O, Clumeck, N, De Wit, S, Poll, B, Colebunders, R, Kostov, K, Begovac, J, Machala, L, Rozsypal, H, Sedlacek, D, Nielsen, J, Lundgren, J, Benfield, T, Kirk, O, Gerstoft, J, Katzenstein, T, Hansen, Ab, Skinhøj, P, Pedersen, C, Oestergaard, L, Zilmer, K, Ristola, M, Girard, Pm, Vanhems, P, Rockstroh, J, Schmidt, R, van Lunzen, J, Degen, O, Stellbrink, Hj, Bogner, J, Kosmidis, J, Gargalianos, P, Xylomenos, G, Perdios, J, Panos, G, Filandras, A, Karabatsaki, E, Sambattakou, H, Banhegyi, D, Mulcahy, F, Yust, I, Turner, D, Burke, M, Pollack, S, Hassoun, G, Maayan, S, Chiesi, A, Mazeu, I, Pristera, R, Gabbuti, A, Montesarchio, E, Gargiulo, M, Iacomi, F, Vlassi, C, Finazzi, R, Galli, M, Ridolfo, A, Rozentale, B, Aldins, P, Chaplinskas, S, Hemmer, R, Staub, T, Bruun, J, Maeland, A, Ormaasen, V, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Horban, A, Prokopowicz, D, Wiercinska Drapalo, A, Boron Kaczmarska, A, Pynka, M, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Trocha, H, Antunes, F, Valadas, E, Mansinho, K, Maltez, F, Duiculescu, D, Rakhmanova, A, Vinogradova, E, Buzunova, S, Jevtovic, D, Mokrás, M, Staneková, D, González Lahoz, J, Soriano, V, Martin Carbonero, L, Labarga, P, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Conejero, J, Tural, C, Gatell, Jm, Miró, Jm, Domingo, P, Gutierrez, M, Mateo, G, Sambeat, Ma, Karlsson, A, Persson, Po, Flamholc, L, Boffi, E, Kravchenko, E, Chentsova, N, Barton, S, Johnson, Am, Mercey, D, Johnson, Ma, Murphy, M, Weber, J, Scullard, G, Fisher, M, Brettle, R, Gatell, J, Gazzard, B, Friis Møller, N, Bannister, W, Ellefson, M, Borch, A, Podlekareva, D, Holkmann Olsen, C, Kjaer, J, Peters, L, Reekie, J, Raffanti, S, Dieterch, D, Becker, S, Scarsella, A, Fusco, G, Most, B, Balu, R, Rana, R, Beckerman, R, Ising, T, Fusco, J, Irek, R, Johnson, B, Hirani, A, Dejesus, E, Pierone, G, Lackey, P, Irek, C, Johnson, A, Burdick, J, Leon, S, Arch, J, Helm, Eb, Carlebach, A, Müller, A, Haberl, A, Nisius, G, Lennemann, T, Stephan, C, Bickel, M, Mösch, M, Gute, P, Locher, L, Lutz, T, Klauke, S, Knecht, G, Khaykin, P, Doerr, Hw, Stürmer, M, Babacan, E, von Hentig, N, Beylot, J, Dupon, M, Longy Boursier, M, Pellegrin, Jl, Ragnaud, Jm, Salamon, R, Thiébaut, R, Lewden, C, Lawson Ayayi, S, Mercié, P, Moreau, Jf, Morlat, P, Bernard, N, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Neau, D, Blaizeau, Mj, Decoin, M, Delveaux, S, Hannapier, C, Labarrère, S, Lavignolle Aurillac, V, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira, B, Palmer, G, Touchard, D, Balestre, E, Alioum, A, Jacqmin Gadda, H, Bonarek, M, Coadou, B, Gellie, P, Nouts, C, Bocquentin, F, Dutronc, H, Lafarie, S, Aslan, A, Pistonne, T, Thibaut, P, Vatan, R, Chambon, D, De La Taille, C, Cazorla, C, Ocho, A, Viallard, Jf, Caubet, O, Cipriano, C, Lazaro, E, Couzigou, P, Castera, L, Fleury, H, Lafon, Me, Masquelier, B, Pellegrin, I, Breilh, D, Blanco, P, Loste, P, Caunègre, L, Bonnal, F, Farbos, S, Ferrand, M, Ceccaldi, J, Tchamgoué, S, De Witte, S, Buy, E, Alexander, C, Barrios, R, Braitstein, P, Brumme, Z, Chan, K, Cote, H, Gataric, N, Geller, J, Guillemi, S, Harrigan, Pr, Harris, M, Joy, R, Levy, A, Montaner, J, Montessori, V, Palepu, A, Phillips, E, Phillips, P, Press, N, Tyndall, M, Wood, E, Yip, B, Bhagani, S, Breen, R, Byrne, P, Carroll, A, Cuthbertson, Z, Dunleavy, A, Geretti, Am, Heelan, B, Johnson, M, Kinloch de Loes, S, Lipman, M, Madge, S, Marshall, N, Nair, D, Nebbia, G, Prinz, B, Shah, S, Swader, L, Tyrer, M, Youle, M, Chaloner, C, Grabowska, H, Holloway, J, Puradiredja, J, Ransom, D, Tsintas, R, Bansi, L, Fox, Z, Harris, E, Hill, T, Lampe, F, Lodwick, R, Smith, C, Amoah, E, Booth, C, Clewley, G, Garcia Diaz, A, Gregory, B, Janossy, G, Labbett, W, Thomas, M, Read, R, Krentz, H, Beckthold, B, Schmeisser, N, Alquézar, A, Esteve, A, Podzamczer, D, Murillas, J, Romero, A, Agustí, C, Agüero, F, Ferrer, E, Riera, M, Segura, F, Navarro, G, Force, L, Vilaró, J, Masabeu, A, García, I, Guadarrama, M, Montoliu, A, Ortega, N, Lazzari, E, Puchol, E, Sanchez, M, Blanco, Jl, Garcia Alcaide, F, Martinez, E, Mallolas, J, López Dieguez, M, García Goez, Jf, Sirera, G, Romeu, J, Negredo, E, Miranda, C, Capitan, Mc, Olmo, M, Barragan, P, Saumoy, M, Bolao, F, Cabellos, C, Peña, C, Sala, M, Cervantes, M, Jose Amengual, M, Navarro, M, Penelo, E, Barrufet, P, Raper, Jl, Mugavero, Mj, Willig, Jh, Schumacher, J, Chang, Pw, Westfall, Ao, Cloud, G, Lin, Hy, Acosta, Ep, Colette Kempf, M, Allison, Jj, Pisu, M., Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam Public Health, Infectious diseases, Other departments, General Internal Medicine, Graduate School, Global Health, Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, and Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention

Subjects
Male, Infectious diseases and international health [NCEBP 13], Lymphoma, 030312 virology, Esophageal candidiasis, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Interquartile range, 030212 general & internal medicine, AIDS-Related, Lymphoma, AIDS-Related, 0303 health sciences, Mortality rate, Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, Hazard ratio, Prognosis, 3. Good health, Pathogenesis and modulation of inflammation [N4i 1], Infectious Diseases, Combination, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Infection and autoimmunity [NCMLS 1], Human, Microbiology (medical), Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Prognosi, Anti-HIV Agents, antiretroviral therapy, Infectious Disease, Article, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infection, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Drug Therapy, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, AIDS-defining event, Proportional Hazards Models, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis/ mortality, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications/diagnosis/drug, therapy/ mortality, Anti-HIV Agents/ therapeutic use, AIDS-Related/diagnosis/mortality, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, business.industry, Proportional hazards model, Poverty-related infectious diseases [N4i 3], Anti-HIV Agent, medicine.disease, mortality, Confidence interval, Immunology, Proportional Hazards Model, Cohort Studie, business
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 80963.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: The extent to which mortality differs following individual acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining events (ADEs) has not been assessed among patients initiating combination antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: We analyzed data from 31,620 patients with no prior ADEs who started combination antiretroviral therapy. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate mortality hazard ratios for each ADE that occurred in >50 patients, after stratification by cohort and adjustment for sex, HIV transmission group, number of antiretroviral drugs initiated, regimen, age, date of starting combination antiretroviral therapy, and CD4+ cell count and HIV RNA load at initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy. ADEs that occurred in

Published
2009

6. Death rates in HIV-positive antiretroviral-naive patients with CD4 count greater than 350 cells per microL in Europe and North America: a pooled cohort observational study

Author

Study Group on Death Rates at High CD4 Count in Antiretroviral Naive Patients, Lodwick, Rk, Sabin, Ca, Porter, K, Ledergerber, B, van Sighem, A, Cozzi Lepri, A, Khaykin, P, Mocroft, A, Jacobson, L, De Wit, S, Obel, N, Castagna, A, Wasmuth, Jc, Gill, J, Klein, Mb, Gange, S, Riera, M, Mussini, C, Gutiérrez, F, Touloumi, G, Carrieri, P, Guest, Jl, Brockmeyer, Nh, Collaborators: Antoniadou A, Phillips A. N., Gargalianos Kakolyris, P, Katsarou, O, Kordossis, T, Lazanas, M, Panos, G, Paparizos, V, Paraskevis, D, Petrikkos, G, Sambatakou, H, Skoutelis, A, Pantazis, N, Bakoyannis, G, Gioukari, V, de Wolf, F, Bezemer, Do, Gras, La, Kesselring, Am, van Sighem AI, Smit, C, Zhang, S, Zaheri, S, Prins, Jm, Schreij, G, Bravenboer, B, van der Ende ME, Kauffmann, Rh, ten Kate RW, Kroon, Fp, Bronsveld, W, Vriesendorp, R, van Houte, D, ten Napel CH, Brinkman, K, van Eeden, A, Mulder, Jw, Juttmann, Jr, Veenstra, J, Koopmans, Pp, Sprenger, Hg, Hoepelman, Im, Danner, Sa, Richter, C, Tanis, Aa, Clumeck, N, Delforge, M, Necsoi, C, Demeester, R, Gennotte, Af, Gerard, M, Guillaume, Mp, Hermans, P, Kabeya, K, Konopnicki, D, Martin, C, Libois, A, Payen, Mc, Semaille, P, Van Laethem, Y, Del Amo, J, Meyer, L, Bucher, Hc, Chêne, G, Pillay, D, Prins, M, Rosinska, M, Sabin, C, Lodi, S, Coughlin, K, Walker, S, Babiker, A, Bucher, H, de Luca, A, Fisher, M, Muga, R, Fätkenheuer, G, Rockstroh, J, Vehreschild, J, Hertenstein, C, Berenguer, J, del Amo, J, García, F, Labarga, P, Moreno, S, Angeles Muñoz, M, Caro Murillo AM, Sobrino, P, Pérez Cachafeiro, S, Jarrín, I, Alejos, B, García, I, Gómez Sirvent, J, Soriano, V, Pulido, F, Iribarren, J, Masiá, M, Vidal, F, Sanz, J, Blanco, Ja, Sola, J, Gerstoft, J, Kronborg, G, Røge, B, Larsen, Cs, Pedersen, G, Laursen, Al, Nielsen, L, Jensen, J, Babacan, E, Bickel, M, Bodtländer, A, Brodt, Hr, Carlebach, A, Gute, P, Haberl, A, Helm, E, Klauke, S, Knecht, G, Lennemann, T, Locher, L, Lutz, T, Mösch, M, Müller, A, Nisius, G, Staszewski, S, Stephan, C, Stürmer, M, von Hentig, N, Wolf, T, Rimland, D, Moanna, A, Moorfield, M, Dorsey, M, Desilva, Ke, Schlueter Wirtz, S, Mindley, R, Dozier, R, Robinson, Y, Brown, P, Moroni, M, Angarano, G, Antinori, A, Carosi, G, Cauda, R, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Di Perri, G, Galli, M, Ghinelli, G, Iardino, R, Ippolito, G, Lazzarin, A, Mazzotta, F, Perno, Cf, Viale, Pl, Von Schlosser, F, Ammassari, A, Balotta, C, Bonfanti, P, Capobianchi, Mr, Ceccherini Silberstein, F, De Luca, A, Gervasoni, C, Girardi, E, Lo Caputo, S, Maggiolo, F, Murri, R, Puoti, M, Torti, Carlo, Salpietro, S, Marangione, M, Galli, L, Gianotti, N, Cossarini, F, Spagnuolo, V, Arendt, G, Esser, S, Jäger, H, Schwarze, S, Stoll, M, Wolf, H, Jansen, K, Michalik, C, Skaletz Rorowski, A, Königs, C, Gingelmaier, A, Margolick, Jb, Jacobson, Lp, Phair, Jp, Wolinsky, Sm, Detels, R, Rinaldo, Cr, Boirot, C, Bouhnik, Ad, Carrieri, Mp, Cassuto, Jp, Chesney, M, Cohen, J, Dellamonica, P, Dujardin, P, Gallais, H, Gastaut, Ja, Kurkdji, P, Lepeu, G, Mechali, D, Moatti, Jp, Moreau, J, Nègre, M, Obadia, Y, Poizot Martin, I, Pradier, C, Préau, M, Rey, D, Roux, P, Rouzioux, C, Sobel, A, Spire, B, Trémolières, F, Villes, V, Vincent, E, Vlahov, D, Borghi, V, Casabona, J, Miró, Jm, Gatell, Jm, López Dieguez Puerta, M, Tural, C, Clotet, B, Podzamczer, D, Ferrer, E, Murillas, J, Segura, F, Navarro, G, Force, L, Vilaró, J, Masabeu, A, Guadarrama, M, Betancourt, Aj, Romero, A, Agustí, C, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Bürgisser, P, Calmy, A, Cavassini, M, Dubs, R, Egger, M, Elzi, L, Fischer, M, Flepp, M, Fontana, A, Francioli, P, Furrer, H, Fux, Ca, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, Hf, Hirsch, Hh, Hirschel, B, Hösli, I, Kahlert, C, Kaiser, L, Karrer, U, Kind, C, Klimkait, T, Martinetti, G, Martinez, B, Müller, N, Nadal, D, Paccaud, F, Pantaleo, G, Rauch, A, Regenass, S, Rickenbach, M, Rudin, C, Schmid, P, Schultze, D, Schöni, F, Schüpbach, J, Speck, R, Taffé, P, Telenti, A, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Weber, R, Yerly, S, Ainsworth, J, Anderson, J, Delpech, V, Dunn, D, Easterbrook, P, Gazzard, B, Gilson, R, Gompels, M, Hill, T, Johnson, M, Leen, C, Nelson, M, Orkin, C, Palfreeman, A, Phillips, A, Post, F, Schwenk, A, Walsh, J, Bansi, L, Huntington, S, Glabay, A, Anastos, K, Minkoff, H, Young, M, Greenblatt, R, Levine, A, Cohen, M, and Gange, S.

Published
2010

7. Does short-term virologic failure translate to clinical events in antiretroviral-naïve patients initiating antiretroviral therapy in clinical practice?

Author

Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration, Mugavero, Mj, May, M, Harris, R, Saag, Ms, Costagliola, D, Egger, M, Phillips, A, Günthard, Hf, Dabis, F, Hogg, R, de Wolf, F, Fatkenheuer, G, Gill, Mj, Justice, A, D'Arminio Monforte, A, Lampe, F, Miró, Jm, Staszewski, S, Collaborators: Casabona J, Sterne J. A., Geneviè, C, del Amo, J, Fätkenheuer, G, Gill, J, Guest, J, Kitahata, M, Ledergerber, B, Mocroft, A, Reiss, P, Saag, M, Sterne, J, Sterne, Ja, Abgrall, S, Barin, F, Bentata, M, Billaud, E, Boué, F, Burty, C, Cabié, A, Cotte, L, De Truchis, P, Duval, X, Duvivier, C, Enel, P, Fredouille Heripret, L, Gasnault, J, Gaud, C, Gilquin, J, Grabar, S, Katlama, C, Khuong, Ma, Lang, Jm, Lascaux, As, Launay, O, Mahamat, A, Mary Krause, M, Matheron, S, Meynard, Jl, Pavie, J, Pialoux, G, Pilorgé, F, Poizot Martin, I, Pradier, C, Reynes, J, Rouveix, E, Simon, A, Tattevin, P, Tissot Dupon, H, Viard, Jp, Viget, N, Pariente Khayat, A, Salomon, V, Jacquemet, N, Rivet, A, Abgral, S, Guiguet, M, Kousignian, I, Lanoy, E, Lièvre, L, Potard, V, Selinger Leneman, H, Bouvet, E, Crickx, B, Ecobichon, Jl, Leport, C, Picard Dahan, C, Yeni, P, Tisne Dessus, D, Weiss, L, Salmon, D, Sicard, D, Auperin, I, Roudière, L, Fior, R, Delfraissy, Jf, Goujard, C, Jung, C, Lesprit, P, Desplanque, N, Meyohas, Mc, Picard, O, Cadranel, J, Mayaud, C, Bricaire, F, Herson, S, Clauvel, Jp, Decazes, Jm, Gerard, L, Molina, Jm, Diemer, M, Sellier, P, Berthé, H, Dupont, C, Chandemerle, C, Mortier, E, de Truchis, P, Honoré, P, Jeantils, V, Tassi, S, Mechali, D, Taverne, B, Gourdon, F, Laurichesse, H, Fresard, A, Lucht, F, Eglinger, P, Faller, Jp, Bazin, C, Verdon, R, Boibieux, A, Peyramond, D, Livroze, Jm, Touraine, Jl, Trepo, C, Ravaux, I, Tissot Dupont, H, Delmont, Jp, Moreau, J, Gastaut, Ja, Retornaz, F, Soubeyrand, J, Allegre, T, Blanc, Pa, Galinier, A, Ruiz, Jm, Lepeu, G, Granet Brunello, P, Esterni, Jp, Pelissier, L, Cohen Valensi, R, Nezri, M, Chadapaud, S, Laffeuillade, A, Laffeuillade, J, May, T, Rabaud, C, Raffi, F, Pugliese, P, Arvieux, C, Michelet, C, Borsa Lebas, F, Caron, F, Fraisse, P, Rey, D, Arlet Suau, E, Cuzin, L, Massip, P, Thiercelin Legrand MF, Yasdanpanah, Y, Pradinaud, R, Sobesky, M, Contant, M, Montroni, M, Scalise, G, Braschi, Mc, Riva, A, Tirelli, U, Cinelli, R, Pastore, G, Ladisa, N, Suter, F, Arici, C, Chiodo, F, Colangeli, V, Fiorini, C, Carosi, Giampiero, Cristini, G, Torti, Carlo, Minardi, C, Bertelli, D, Quirino, T, Manconi, Pe, Piano, P, Cosco, L, Scerbo, A, Vecchiet, J, D'Alessandro, M, Santoro, D, Pusterla, L, Carnevale, G, Zoncada, A, Viganò, P, Mena, M, Ghinelli, F, Sighinolfi, L, Leoncini, F, Mazzotta, F, Pozzi, M, Lo Caputo, S, Angarano, G, Grisorio, B, Saracino, A, Ferrara, S, Grima, P, Grima, F, Pagano, G, Cassola, G, Alessandrini, A, Piscopo, R, Toti, M, Trezzi, M, Soscia, F, Tacconi, L, Orani, A, Perini, P, Scasso, A, Vincenti, A, Chiodera, F, Castelli, P, Scalzini, A, Palvarini, L, Moroni, M, Lazzarin, A, Rizzardini, G, d'Arminio Monforte, A, Galli, A, Merli, S, Pastecchia, C, Moioli, Mc, Esposito, R, Mussini, C, Abresci, N, Chirianni, A, Izzo, Cm, Piazza, M, De Marco, M, Viglietti, R, Manzillo, E, Nappa, S, Colomba, A, Abbadessa, V, Prestileo, T, Mancuso, S, Ferrari, C, Pizzaferri, P, Filice, G, Minoli, L, Bruno, R, Novati, S, Baldelli, F, Tinca, M, Petrelli, E, Cioppi, A, Cioppi, F, Ruggieri, A, Menichetti, F, Martinelli, C, De Stefano, C, La Gala, A, Ballardini, G, Rizzo, E, Magnani, G, Ursitti, Ma, Arlotti, M, Ortolani, P, Cauda, R, Dianzani, F, Ippolito, G, Antinori, A, Antonucci, G, Ciardi, M, Narciso, P, Petrosillo, N, Vullo, V, De Luca, A, Zaccarelli, M, Acinapura, R, De Longis, P, Brandi, A, Trotta, Mp, Noto, P, Lichtne, M, Capobianch, Mr, Carletti, F, Girardi, E, Pezzotti, P, Rezza, G, Mura, Ms, Mannazzu, M, Caramello, P, Di Perri, G, Sciandra, M, Orofino, Gc, Grossi, Pa, Basilico, C, Poggio, A, Bottari, G, Raise, E, Ebo, F, Pellizzer, G, Buonfrate, D, Resta, F, Loso, K, Cozzi Lepri, A, Battegay, M, Bernasconi, E, Böni, J, Bucher, Hc, Bürgisser, P, Calmy, A, Cattacin, S, Cavassini, M, Dubs, R, Elzi, L, Fischer, M, Flepp, M, Fontana, A, Francioli, P, Furrer, H, Fux, C, Gorgievski, M, Günthard, H, Hirsch, H, Hirschel, B, Hösli, I, Kahlert, Ch, Kaiser, L, Karrer, U, Kind, C, Klimkait, T, Martinetti, G, Martinez, B, Martinez, N, Nadal, D, Opravil, M, Paccaud, F, Pantaleo, G, Rauch, A, Regenass, S, Rickenbach, M, Rudin, C, Schmid, P, Schultze, D, Schüpbach, J, Speck, R, Taffé, P, Telenti, A, Trkola, A, Vernazza, P, Weber, R, Yerly, S, Gras, La, van Sighem AI, Smit, C, Prins, Jm, Branger, J, Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK, Gisolf, J, Godfried, Mh, Lange, Jm, Lettinga, Kd, van der Meer JT, Nellen, Fj, van der Poll, T, Ruys, Ta, Steingrover, R, Vermeulen, Jn, Vrouenraets, Sm, van Vugt, M, Wit, Fw, Kuijpers, Tw, Pajkrt, D, Scherpbier, Hj, van Eeden, A, Brinkman, K, van den Berk GE, Blok, Wl, Frissen, Ph, Roos, Jc, Schouten, We, Mulder, Jw, van Gorp EC, Wagenaar, J, Veenstra, J, Danner, Sa, Van Agtmael MA, Claessen, Fa, Perenboom, Rm, Rijkeboer, A, van Vonderen MG, Richter, C, van der Berg, J, Vriesendorp, R, Jeurissen, Fj, Kauffmann, Rh, Pogány, K, Bravenboer, B, Sprenger, Hg, van Assen, S, van Leeuwen JT, Doedens, R, Scholvinck, Eh, ten Kate RW, Soetekouw, R, van Houte, D, Polée, Mb, Kroon, Fp, van den Broek PJ, van Dissel JT, Schippers, Ef, Schreij, G, van der Geest, S, Lowe, S, Verbon, A, Koopmans, Pp, Van Crevel, R, de Groot, R, Keuter, M, Post, F, van der Ven AJ, Warris, A, van der Ende ME, Gyssens, Ic, van der Feltz, M, Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bj, de Vries TE, Driessen, G, van der Flier, M, Hartwig, Ng, Juttman, Jr, van Kasteren ME, Van de Heul, C, Hoepelman, Im, Schneider, Mm, Bonten, Mj, Borleffs, Jc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Jaspers, Ca, Mudrikove, T, Schurink, Ca, Gisolf, Eh, Geelen, Sp, Wolfs, Tf, Faber, T, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Ph, den Hollander JG, Duits, Aj, Winkel, K, Back, Nk, Bakker, Me, Berkhout, B, Jurriaans, S, Zaaijer, Hl, Cuijpers, T, Rietra, Pj, Roozendaal, Kj, Pauw, W, van Zanten AP, Smits, Ph, von Blomberg BM, Savelkoul, P, Pettersson, A, Swanink, Cm, Franck, Pf, Lampe, As, Jansen, Cl, Hendriks, R, Benne, Ca, Veenendaal, D, Storm, H, Weel, J, van Zeijl JH, Kroes, Ac, Claas, Hc, Bruggeman, Ca, Goossens, Vj, Galama, Jm, Melchers, Wj, Poort, Ya, Doornum, Gj, Niesters, Mg, Osterhaus, Ad, Schutten, M, Buiting, Ag, Swaans, Ca, Boucher, Ca, Schuurman, R, Boel, E, Jansz, Af, Veldkamp, A, Beijnen, Jh, Huitema, Ad, Burger, Dm, Hugen, Pw, van Kan HJ, Losso, M, Duran, A, Vetter, N, Karpov, I, Vassilenko, A, Clumeck, N, De Wit, S, Poll, B, Colebunders, R, Machala, L, Rozsypal, H, Sedlacek, D, Nielsen, J, Lundgren, J, Benfield, T, Kirk, O, Gerstoft, J, Katzenstein, T, Hansen, Ab, Skinhøj, P, Pedersen, C, Zilmer, K, Girard, Pm, Saint Marc, T, Vanhems, P, Dietrich, M, Manegold, C, van Lunzen, J, Stellbrink, Hj, Staszewsk, S, Bickel, M, Goebel, Fd, Rockstroh, J, Schmidt, R, Kosmidis, J, Gargalianos, P, Sambatakou, H, Perdios, J, Panos, G, Filandras, A, Karabatsaki, E, Banhegyi, D, Mulcahy, F, Yust, I, Turner, D, Burke, M, Pollack, S, Hassoun, G, Sthoeger, Z, Maayan, S, Chiesi, A, Borghi, R, Pristera, R, Mazzott, F, Gabbuti, A, Vullo, Lichtner, M, Montesarchio, E, Iacomi, F, Finazzi, R, Viksna, L, Chaplinskas, S, Hemmer, R, Staub, T, Bruun, J, Maeland, A, Ormaasen, V, Knysz, B, Gasiorowski, J, Horban, A, Prokopowicz, D, Wiercinska Drapalo, A, Boron Kaczmarska, A, Pynka, M, Beniowski, M, Mularska, E, Trocha, H, Antunes, F, Valadas, E, Mansinho, K, Matez, F, Duiculescu, D, Babes, V, Streinu Cercel, A, Vinogradova, E, Rakhmanova, A, Jevtovic, D, Mokrás, M, Staneková, D, González Lahoz, J, Sánchez Conde, M, García Benayas, T, Martin Carbonero, L, Soriano, V, Clotet, B, Jou, A, Conejero, J, Tural, C, Gatell, Jm, Blaxhult, A, Karlsson, A, Pehrson, P, Soravia Dunand, V, Kravchenko, E, Chentsova, N, Barton, S, Johnson, Am, Mercey, D, Johnson, Ma, Murphy, M, Weber, J, Scullard, G, Fisher, M, Brettle, R, Loveday, C, Gatell, J, Johnson, A, Vella, S, Gjørup, I, Friis Moeller, N, Bannister, W, Mollerup, D, Podlevkareva, D, Holkmann Olsen, C, Kjaer, J, Raffanti, S, Dieterch, D, Becker, S, Scarsella, A, Fusco, G, Most, B, Balu, R, Rana, R, Beckerman, R, Ising, T, Fusco, J, Irek, R, Johnson, B, Hirani, A, Dejesus, E, Pierone, G, Lackey, P, Irek, C, Burdick, J, Leon, S, Arch, J, Helm, Eb, Carlebach, A, Müller, A, Haberl, A, Nisius, G, Lennemann, T, Stephan, C, Mösch, M, Gute, P, Locher, L, Lutz, T, Klauke, S, Knecht, G, Khaykin, P, Doerr, Hw, Stürmer, M, Babacan, E, von Hentig, N, Beylot, J, Chêne, G, Dupon, M, Longy Boursier, M, Pellegrin, Jl, Ragnaud, Jm, Salamon, R, Thiébaut, R, Lewden, C, Lawson Ayayi, S, Mercié, P, Moreau, Jf, Morlat, P, Bernard, N, Lacoste, D, Malvy, D, Neau, D, Blaizeau, Mj, Decoin, M, Delveaux, S, Hannapier, C, Labarrère, S, Lavignolle Aurillac, V, Uwamaliya Nziyumvira, B, Palmer, G, Touchard, D, Balestre, E, Alioum, A, Jacqmin Gadda, H, Bonarek, M, Bonnet, F, Coadou, B, Gellie, P, Nouts, C, Bocquentin, F, Dutronc, H, Lafarie, S, Aslan, A, Pistonne, T, Thibaut, P, Vatan, R, Chambon, D, De La Taille, C, Cazorla, C, Ocho, A, Viallard, Jf, Caubet, O, Cipriano, C, Lazaro, E, Couzigou, P, Castera, L, Fleury, H, Lafon, Me, Masquelier, B, Pellegrin, I, Breilh, D, Blanco, P, Loste, P, Caunègre, L, Bonna, F, Farbos, S, Ferrand, M, Ceccaldi, J, Tchamgoué, S, De Witte, S, Buy, E, Akagi, L, Brandson, E, Druyts, E, Gataric, Kf, Harrigan, Pr, Harris, M, Hayden, A, Lima, V, Montaner, J, Moore, D, Wood, E, Yip, B, Zhang, W, Bhagani, S, Byrne, P, Carroll, A, Cuthbertson, Z, Dunleavy, A, Geretti, Am, Heelan, B, Johnson, M, Kinloch de Loes, S, Lipman, M, Madge, S, Marshall, N, Nair, D, Nebbia, G, Prinz, B, Swaden, L, Tyrer, M, Youle, M, Chaloner, C, Grabowska, H, Holloway, J, Puradiredja, J, Ransom, D, Tsintas, R, Bansi, L, Fox, Z, Harris, E, Hill, T, Lodwick, R, Reekie, J, Sabin, C, Smith, C, Amoah, E, Booth, C, Clewley, G, Garcia Diaz, A, Gregory, B, Labbett, W, Tahami, F, Thomas, M, Read, R, Krentz, H, Beckthold, B, Faetkenheuer, G, Casabona, J, Miró, Jl, Alquézar, A, Esteve, A, Podzamczer, D, Murillas, J, Romero, A, Agustí, C, Agüero, F, Ferrer, E, Riera, M, Segura, F, Segura, G, Force, L, Vilaró, J, Masabeu, A, García, I, Guadarrama, M, Montoliu, A, Ortega, N, Lazzari, E, Puchol, E, Sanchez, M, Blanco, Jl, Garcia Alcaide, F, Martinez, E, Mallolas, J, López Dieguez, M, García Goez JF, Sirera, G, Romeu, J, Negredo, E, Miranda, C, Capitan, Mc, Olmo, M, Barragan, P, Saumoy, M, Bolaof, F, Cabellos, C, Peña, C, Sala, M, Cervantes, M, Amengual, Mj, Navarro, M, Penelo, E, Barrufet, P, Willig, Jh, Raper, Jl, Allison, Jj, Kempf, Mc, Schumacher, Je, Wes, Ao, Lin, Hy, Pisu, M, Moneyham, L, Vance, D, Bachmann, L, Davies, Sl, Berner, E, Acosta, E, King, J, Savage, K, Nevin, C, Walton, Fb, Marler, Ml, Lawrence, S, Files Kennedy, B, Batey, Ds, Patil, Ma, Patil, U, Varshney, M, Gibson, E, Guzman, A, Rinehart, D, Justice, Ac, Fiellin, Da, Bryant, K, Rimland, D, Jones Taylor, C, Oursler, Ka, Titanji, R, Brown, S, Garrison, S, Rodriguez Barradas, M, Masozera, N, Goetz, M, Leaf, D, Simberkoff, M, Blumenthal, D, Leung, J, Butt, A, Hoffman, E, Gibert, C, Peck, R, Mattocks, K, Braithwaite, S, Brandt, C, Cook, R, Conigliaro, J, Crothers, K, Chang, J, Crystal, S, Day, N, Erdos, J, Freiberg, M, Kozal, M, Gaziano, M, Gerschenson, M, Good, B, Gordon, A, Goulet, J, Kraemer, K, Lim, J, Maisto, S, Miller, P, O'Connor, P, Papas, R, Rinaldo, C, Roberts, M, Samet, J, Cohen, D, Consorte, A, Gordon, K, Kidwai, F, Levin, F, Mcginnis, K, Rambo, M, Rogers, J, Skanderson, M, and Whitsett, F.

Published
2008

9. Human immunodeficiency virus associated Hodgkin's disease: report of 45 cases from the French Registry of HIV-Associated Tumors

Author

Jean-Marie Andrieu, Jean-Marc Tourani, Gastaut Ja, Martine Raphael, Brice P, B. Taillan, Colonna P, and Lévy R

Subjects
Male, Cancer Research, Pathology, Herpesvirus 4, Human, HIV Infections, Disease, Comorbidity, Cohort Studies, Risk Factors, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Life Tables, Registries, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, Lymphoma, AIDS-Related, Remission Induction, Hematology, Herpesviridae Infections, Middle Aged, Combined Modality Therapy, Hodgkin Disease, Dacarbazine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, B symptoms, Vincristine, Cohort, Disease Progression, Female, France, medicine.symptom, Radioisotope Teletherapy, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Vinblastine, Bleomycin, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Mechlorethamine, Homosexuality, Male, Pathological, AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections, business.industry, Histology, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Clinical trial, Tumor Virus Infections, Doxorubicin, Procarbazine, Prednisone, Bone marrow, business
Abstract

Clinical and pathological characteristics as well as outcome of 45 Hodgkin's disease (HD) cases collected by the French registry of HIV-associated tumors between January 1987 and December 1989 (all clinically staged according to the Ann Arbor system) were analyzed and compared with those of a cohort of 407 patients with clinical stages (CS) IA to IVB enrolled between September 1981 and August 1988 in a multicentric clinical trial. The route of HIV infection, initial CD4 cell count at the time of HD diagnosis and CDC class of HIV infection were studied as well as the progression to AIDS onset were recorded. HIV-HD is characterized by a predominance of advanced CS (75%), B symptoms (80%) and mixed cellularity histology (49%), as well as by early bone marrow involvement (24%); a specific feature is the rare occurrence of mediastinal involvement (13% in HIV-HD versus 71% in primary HD). With standard therapies, 79% of the patients achieved a complete remission, but hematological and infectious complications were very frequent. The proportion of intravenous drug abusers (IVDA) in HIV-HD (38%) is higher than in French HIV-infected population as a whole (20.8%). Median CD4 cell count was 306/microliters at the time of HD diagnosis, while only 5 cases (11%) were preceded by an AIDS manifestation; progression to AIDS rate was 94% at 2 years. Overall 2-year survival was 41%, with 71% for patients with an initial CD4 cell count over 300/microliters and 0% for those with CD4 cell count lower than 300/microliters (p0.01); opportunistic infections were the most frequent cause of death. HIV-HD seems to occur preferentially in.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Published
1995

11. Comparison of subcutaneous and intravenous interleukin-2 in asymptomatic HIV-1 infection: a randomised controlled trial

Author

Levy, Y, primary, Capitant, C, additional, Houhou, S, additional, Carriere, I, additional, Viard, JP, additional, Goujard, C, additional, Gastaut, JA, additional, Oksenhendler, E, additional, Boumsell, L, additional, Gomard, E, additional, Rabian, C, additional, Weiss, L, additional, Guillet, JG, additional, Delfraissy, JF, additional, Aboulker, JP, additional, and Seligmann, M, additional

Published
1999
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13. Lymphomes malins non hodgkiniens et infection VIH: étude rétrospective à propos de 43 observations régionales (Avignon, Martigues et Marseille)

Author

Boulât, O, primary, Zerazhi, H, additional, Nezri, M, additional, Jacquemaire, C, additional, Bouabdallah, R, additional, Poizot-Martin, I, additional, Petit, N, additional, Moulin, JF, additional, Triquet, C, additional, Granel, B, additional, Cohen, R, additional, Lepeu, G, additional, Touchais, AM, additional, and Gastaut, JA, additional

Published
1997
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16. Prognosis Value of Residual Disease Monitoring by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Patients With CBFβ/MYH11-Positive Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia

Author

Poirel H, Elisabeth Macintyre, Gabert J, Sainty D, Buzyn-Veil A, Costello R, Gastaut Ja, and Blaise D

Subjects
Acute myeloblastic leukemia, Immunology, Chromosomal translocation, Cell Biology, Hematology, Disease monitoring, Biology, medicine.disease, Biochemistry, Virology, law.invention, Chromosome 16, law, hemic and lymphatic diseases, medicine, Cancer research, MYH11, Gene, Polymerase chain reaction, Chromosomal inversion
Abstract

To the Editor: Pericentric inversion of chromosome 16, translocation (16; 16), and del(16q), resulting in a chimeric fusion of the CBFβ and MYH11 genes, are typically seen in the M4Eo French-American-British (FAB) subset of acute myelogenous leukemias (AML). Karyotypic detection of these

Published
1997

18. Impact of Newly Available Drugs on Clinical Progression in Patients with Virological Failure after Exposure to Three Classes of Antiretrovirals

Author

Costagliola, Dominique, Potard, Valérie, Duvivier, Claudine, Pradier, Christian, Dupont, Caroline, Salmon, Dominique, Duval, Xavier, Billaud, E, Boué, F, Costagliola, D, Duval, X, Duvivier, C, Enel, P, Fournier, S, Gasnault, J, Gaud, C, Gilquin, J, Grabar, S, Khuong, MA, Lang, JM, Mary-Krause, M, Matheron, S, Meyohas, MC, Pialoux, G, Poizot-Martin, I, Pradier, C, Rouveix, E, Salmon-Ceron, D, Sobel, A, Tattevin, P, Tissot-Dupont, H, Yasdanpanah, Y, Aronica, E, Tirard-Fleury, V, Tortay, I, Abgrall, S, Costagliola, D, Grabar, S, Guiguet, M, Lanoy, E, Leneman, H, Lièvre, L, Mary-Krause, M, Potard, V, Saidi, S, Matheron, S, Vildé, JL, Leport, C, Yeni, P, Bouvet, E, Gaudebout, C, Crickx, B, Picard-Dahan, C, Weiss, L, Tisne-Dessus, D, Tarnier-Cochin, GH, Sicard, D, Salmon, D, Gilquin, J, Auperin, I, Viard, JP, Roudière, L, Boué, F, Fior, R, Delfraissy, JF, Goujard, C, Lesprit, Ph, Jung, C, Meyohas, MC, Meynard, JL, Picard, O, Desplanque, N, Cadranel, J, Mayaud, C, Pialoux, JF, Rozenbaum, W, Bricaire, F, Katlama, C, Herson, S, Simon, A, Decazes, JM, Molina, JM, Clauvel, JF, Gerard, L, Widal, GH Lariboisière-Fernand, Sellier, P, Diemer, M, Dupont, C, Berthé, H, Saïag, P, Mortier, E, Chandemerle, C, de Truchis, P, Bentata, M, Honoré, P, Tassi, S, Jeantils, V, Mechali, D, Taverne, B, Laurichesse, H, Gourdon, F, Lucht, JF, Fresard, A, de Dijon, Chru, de Belfort, CH, Faller, JP, Eglinger, P, Bazin, C, Verdon, R, de Grenoble, Cisih, de Lyon, Cisih, Peyramond, D, Boibieux, A, Touraine, JL, Livrozet, JM, Trepo, C, Cotte, L, Ravaux, I, Tissot-Dupont, H, Delmont, JP, Moreau, J, Gastaut, JA, Poizot-Martin, I, Soubeyrand, J, Retornaz, F, Blanc, PA, Allegre, T, Galinier, A, Ruiz, JM, d'Arles, CH, d'Avignon, CH, Lepeu, G, Granet-Brunello, P, Pelissier, L, Esterni, JP, de Martigues, CH, Nezri, M, Cohen-Valensi, R, Laffeuillade, A, Chadapaud, S, de Nîmes, J Reynes; CHG, May, T, Rabaud, C, Raffi, F, Billaud, E, Pradier, C, Pugliese, P, Michelet, C, Arvieux, C, Caron, F, Borsa-Lebas, F, Lang, JM, Rey, D, de Mulhouse, P Fraisse; CH, Massip, P, Cuzin, L, Arlet-Suau, E, Legrand, MF Thiercelin, Rangueil, CHU, de Tourcoing, CH, Yasdanpanah, Y, Sobesky, M, Pradinaud, R, Gaud, C, and Contant, M

Abstract

Objective To study the prognosis of HIV-infected patients with virological failure after exposure to three classes of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs).Design Cohort study. Setting: French Hospital Database on HIV.Patients Patients previously exposed to at least two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), two protease inhibitors and one non-NRTI, with viral load (VL) values of >5000 copies/ml after the exposure criteria were met and a new treatment initiated between 1998 and 2001 with VL >5000 copies/ml.Main outcome measures Risk of new AIDS-defining-events (ADEs) or death from first introduction of a drug never used before occurring between 1998 and 2001 defined as baseline.Results The main baseline characteristics of the 1092 patients were: previous ADE in 49% of cases, median CD4 cell count 181 µl, median VL 4.9 log10copies/ml, median duration of ARV therapy 5.0 years and previous exposure to a median of nine ARVs. The crude progression rates were 20.1/100 patient-years among patients included in 1998, 15.1 in 1999, 11.1 in 2000 and 8.6 in 2001. After adjustment for baseline characteristics, the calendar year of inclusion was associated with the risk of clinical progression (P<0.001). When the types of newly available drugs used at baseline or during follow-up were introduced into the model, year of inclusion was no longer associated with the risk of clinical progression (P=0.42), while exposure to amprenavir/r, lopinavir/r, abacavir or tenofovir was associated with a lower risk.Conclusions The clinical prognosis of heavily pretreated patients experiencing virological failure improved between 1998 and 2001, mainly thanks to the use of newly available drugs with more favourable resistance profiles.

Published
2005
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19. Impact of Insertions in the HIV-1 P6 Ptapp Region on the Virological Response to Amprenavir

Author

Lastere, Stephane, Dalban, Cecile, Collin, Gilles, Descamps, Diane, Girard, Pierre-Marie, Clavel, Francois, Costagliola, Dominique, Brun-Vezinet, Francoise, Brun-Vezinet, F, Clavel, F, Costagliola, D, Dalban, C, Girard, PM, Matheron, S, Meynard, JL, Morand-Joubert, L, Peytavin, G, Vray, M, Beguinot, I, Waldner, A, Beumont, M, Semaille, C, Bentata, M, Berlureau, P, Gérard, L, Molina, JM, Hor, R, Bayol-Honnet, G, Lascoux-Combe, C, Drobacheff, C, Hoen, B, Dupon, M, Lacut, JY, Goujard, C, Rousseau, C, Vincent, V, Diemer, M, Lepeu, G, Zerazhi, H, de Truchis, P, Berthé, H, Jeantils, V, Tazi, C Taleb, Vittecoq, D, Escaut, L, Dupont, B, Nait-Ighil, L, Rozenbaum, W, Nguyen, T Huyen, Boué, F, Galanaud, P, Kazatchkine, M, Piketty, C, Bernasconi, C, Salmon-Ceron, D, Michon, C, Chandemerle, C, Lascaux, AS, Magnier, JD, Schneider, L, Ait-Mohand, H, Simon, A, Herson, S, Bollens, D, Picard, O, Tangre, P, Bonarek, M, Morlat, P, Trépo, C, Cotte, L, Gastaut, JA, Poizot-Martin, I, Moran, G, Masson, S, Bennai, Y, Belarbi, L, Prevot, MH, Fournier, I, Reynes, J, Baillat, V, Raffi, F, Esnault, JL, Ceppi, C, Cassuto, JP, Arvieux, C, Chapplain, JM, Rey, D, Krantz, V, Besnier, JM, Bastides, F, Obadia, M, Aquilina, C, Bazin, C, Verdon, R, Piroth, L, Grappin, M, Sissoko, D, Valette, M, May, T, Burty, C, Debab, Y, Caron, F, Elharrar, B, Launay, O, Winter, C, Chapuis, L, Auperin, I, and Gilquin, J

Abstract

We evaluated the impact of genetic changes within p6Gaggene on the virological response (VR, mean decrease in plasma viral load at week 12) to unboosted amprenavir (APV). Gag-protease fragments, including gag p2, p7, p1, p6 regions and whole protease (PR) were sequenced from baseline plasma specimens of 84 highly pre-treated but APV-naive patients included in the NARVAL (ANRS 088) trial. The correlation between baseline p6Gagpolymorphism, PR mutations, baseline characteristics and VR to APV was analysed in univariate analysis. Insertions (P459Ins) within p6 protein, leading to partial or complete duplication of the PTAPP motif, were significantly associated with a decreased VR (P459Ins versus wild-type; –0.3 ±0.8 vs –1.1 ±1.2 log copies/ml, P=0.007) and were more frequent when the V82A/F/T/S PR mutation was present (P=0.020). In multivariate analysis, after adjustment on the predictive factors of the VR in the NARVAL trial and on the PR mutations linked with response, there was a strong trend to an association (P=0.058) between the presence of P459Ins and an altered VR. In conclusion, these results suggest that insertions in the p6 region of HIV-1 gag gene may affect the VR, in highly pre-treated patients receiving an unboosted APV-containing regimen.

Published
2004
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20. Triple Nucleoside Combination Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Abacavir versus Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nelfinavir as First-Line Therapy in HIV-1-Infected Adults: A Randomized Trial

Author

Matheron, Sophie, Descamps, Diane, Boué, François, Livrozet, Jean-Michel, Lafeuillade, Alain, Aquilina, Christian, Troisvallets, Didier, Goetschel, Agnès, Brun-Vezinet, Françoise, Mamet, Jean-Philippe, Thiaux, Cécile, Allegre, T, Bataille, P, Bazin, C, Bentata, M, Bergmann, JF, Beytout, J, Bicart-See, A, Bodard, L, Brottier-Mancini, E, Caron, F, Cassuto, JP, Chousterman, M, Counillon, E, Delfraissy, JF, Dellamonica, P, Doll, J, Faller, JP, Gallais, H, Garre, M, Gastaut, JA, Gilquin, J, Herson, S, Hoen, B, Jarousse, B., Katlama, C, Lacoste, D, Lange, JM, Lecomte, I, Lepeu, G, Lucht, F, Malkin, JE, Massip, P, Mechali, D, Molina, JM, Mouton, Y, Pathe, JP, Peyramond, D, Philibert, P, Plaisance, N, Polomenie, P, Remy, G, Rispal, P, Roue, R, de Saint Martin, L, Sereni, D, Sicard, D, Sobel, A, Stahl, JP, Trepo, C, De Truchis, P, Vermersch, A, Welker, Y, Izopet, J, Vabret, A, and Peytavin., G

Abstract

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of a triple nucleoside combination to a protease inhibitor-containing triple regimen as first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-1-infected patients.Design Open-label study in HIV-1-infected ART-naive adults, randomized to receive either Combivir® (lamivudine 150 mg/zidovudine 300 mg twice daily) + abacavir (300 mg twice daily), or Combivir® + nelfinavir (750 mg every 8 h) for 48 weeks. Plasma HIV-1 RNA, CD4 cell count and adverse events were assessed at baseline and weeks 4, 8, 16, 24, 32, 40 and 48.Results 195 subjects (131 men, 64 women), median age 34 years, were randomized: 98 received combivir/abacavir and 97 combivir/nelfinavir. Baseline median plasma HIV-1 RNA was 4.2 log10copies/ml [Interquartile range (IQR): 3.7-4.5.2] and 4.1 log10copies/ml (IQR: 3.8–4.6), respectively. Baseline median CD4 cell count was 387 cells/mm3(IQR: 194–501) and 449 cells/mm3(IQR: 334–605), respectively. Nine patients (3 vs 6, respectively) did not start treatment or did not have any available efficacy data. At week 48, using the intent to treat analysis (switch/missing equals failure), plasma HIV-1 RNA was <50 copies/ml in 54/95 (57%) and 53/91 (58%) of subjects, respectively. Median CD4 increase was +110 and +120 cells/mm3, respectively. Possible hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir were reported in four subjects (4%).Conclusion The triple nucleoside combination combivir/abacavir is well tolerated as a first-line ART regimen in HIV-1-infected adults, with comparable antiviral activity to a nelfinavir-containing regimen at week 48.

Published
2003
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27. Clinical and biological effects of gamma interferon and the combination of gamma interferon and interleukin-2 after autologous bone marrow transplantation

Author

Norbert Vey, Viens, P., Fossat, C., Olive, D., Sainty, D., Baume, D., Stoppa, Am, Bouabdallah, R., Brandely, M., Gastaut, Ja, Maraninchi, D., and Blaise, D.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Adolescent, Drug Synergism, Pilot Projects, Middle Aged, Transplantation, Autologous, Recombinant Proteins, Interferon-gamma, Treatment Outcome, Adjuvants, Immunologic, Risk Factors, Neoplasms, Humans, Interleukin-2, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Granulocytes
Abstract

Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) have shown synergistic immunomodulatory and anti-tumor effects in preclinical studies. The present study was designed to assess the effects of the combination of these cytokines after autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). Ten patients received rIFN-gamma alone and 13 patients the combination of rIFN-gamma + rIL-2. Patients received transplants because of lymphoma (10 patients), acute leukemia (3 patients) or solid tumors (10 patients). Immunotherapy was started at a median of 67 days after ABMT. All patients received either 5 x 10(6) (8 pts) or 10 x 10(6) IU/m2 (16 pts) rIFN-gamma by subcutaneous injection 3 times weekly for 14 weeks. rIL-2 therapy consisted of 5 cycles of continuous intravenous infusion of 12 x 10(6) IU/m2/day starting 1 week after administration of rIFN-gamma. In the rIFN-gamma group, toxicity was mild and some biological changes were seen (NK/LAK activation, increase of phagocytosis and of NBT reduction). The combination of rIFN-gamma with rIL-2 did not increase the usual rIL-2 toxicity. NK/LAK cytotoxicity was strongly activated after the first cycle of rIL-2 and was maintained until the end of therapy. Granulocyte chemotaxis was defective after cycle 1 but recovered thereafter. We conclude that the administration of rIFN-gamma + rIL-2 is feasible after ABMT. Our data suggest that the combination may have prolonged the immunologic activation provided by rIL-2 and some improvement of the deleterious effects of rIL-2 on granulocyte functions was achieved. Controlled studies are warranted to assess the impact of this strategy on biological response and patient outcome.

29. Incidence of tuberculosis among HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy in Europe and North America

Author

Costagliola, D., Dabis, F., Monforte, Ad, Wolf, F., Egger, M., Fatkenheuer, G., Gill, J., Hogg, R., Justice, A., Ledergerber, B., Lundgren, J., May, M., Phillips, A., Reiss, P., Sabin, C., Staszewski, S., Sterne, J., Weller, I., Beckthold, B., Yip, B., Dauer, B., Fusco, J., Grabar, S., Lanoy, E., Junghans, C., Lavignolle, V., Leth, F., Pereira, E., Pezzotti, P., Schmeisser, N., Billaud, E., Boue, F., Duval, X., Duvivier, C., Enel, P., Fournier, S., Gasnault, J., Gaud, C., Gilquin, J., Khuong, Ma, Lang, Jm, Mary-Krause, M., Matheron, S., Meyohas, Mc, Pialoux, G., Poizot-Martin, I., Pradier, C., Rouveix, E., Salmon-Ceron, D., Sobel, A., Tattevin, P., Tissot-Dupont, H., Yasdanpanah, Y., Aronica, E., Tirard-Fleury, V., Tortay, I., Abgrall, S., Guiguet, M., Leneman, H., Lievre, L., Potard, V., Saidi, S., Vilde, Jl, Leport, C., Yeni, P., Bouvet, E., Gaudebout, C., Crickx, B., Picard-Dahan, C., Weiss, L., Tisne-Dessus, D., Sicard, D., Salmon, D., Auperin, I., Viard, Jp, Roudiere, L., Delfraissy, Jf, Goujard, C., Lesprit, P., Jung, C., Meynard, Jl, Picard, O., Desplanque, N., Cadranel, J., Mayaud, C., Rozenbaum, W., Bricaire, F., Katlama, C., Herson, S., Simon, A., Decazes, Jm, Molina, Jm, Clauvel, Jp, Gerard, L., Widal, Ghlf, Sellier, P., Diemer, M., Dupont, C., Berthe, H., Saiag, P., Mortier, L., Mortier, E., Chandemerle, C., Truchis, P., Bentata, M., Honore, P., Tassi, S., Jeantils, V., Mechali, D., Taverne, B., Laurichesse, H., Gourdon, F., Lucht, F., Fresard, A., Faller, Jp, Eglinger, P., Bazin, C., Verdon, R., Peyramond, D., Boibieux, A., Touraine, Jl, Livrozet, Jm, Trepo, C., Cotte, L., Ravaux, I., Delmont, Jp, Moreau, J., Gastaut, Ja, Soubeyrand, J., Retornaz, F., Blanc, Pa, Allegre, T., Galinier, A., Ruiz, Jm, Lepeu, G., Granet-Brunello, P., Pelissier, L., Esterni, Jp, Nezri, M., Cohen-Valensi, R., Laffeuillade, A., Chadapaud, S., Reynes, J., May, T., Rabaud, C., Raffi, F., Pugliese, P., Michelet, C., Arvieux, C., Caron, F., Borsa-Lebas, F., Fraisse, P., Massip, P., Cuzin, L., Arlet-Suau, E., Legrand, Mft, Sobesky, M., Pradinaud, R., Guyon, F., Contant, M., Montroni, M., Scalise, G., Braschi, Mc, Aviano, Ar, Tirelli, U., Cinelli, R., Pastore, G., Ladisa, N., Minafra, G., Suter, F., Arici, C., Chiodo, F., Colangeli, V., Fiorini, C., Coronado, O., Carosi, G., Cadeo, Gp, Torti, C., Minardi, C., Bertelli, D., Rizzardini, G., Melzi, S., Manconi, Pe, Catanzaro, Pp, Cosco, L., Scerbo, A., Vecchiet, J., D Alessandro, M., Santoro, D., Pusterla, L., Carnevale, G., Citterio, P., Vigano, P., Mena, M., Ghinelli, F., Sighinolfi, L., Leoncini, F., Mazzotta, F., Pozzi, M., Lo Caputo, S., Angarano, G., Grisorio, B., Saracino, A., Ferrara, S., Grima, P., Tundo, P., Pagano, G., Cassola, G., Alessandrini, A., Piscopo, R., Toti, M., Chigiotti, S., Soscia, F., Tacconi, L., Orani, A., Perini, P., Scasso, A., Vincenti, A., Chiodera, F., Castelli, P., Scalzini, A., Palvarini, L., Moroni, M., Lazzarin, A., Cargnel, A., Vigevani, Gm, Caggese, L., Repetto, D., Galli, A., Merli, S., Pastecchia, C., Moioli, Mc, Esposito, R., Mussini, C., Abrescia, N., Chirianni, A., Izzo, Cm, Piazza, M., Marco, M., Viglietti, R., Manzillo, E., Nappa, S., Colomba, A., Abbadessa, V., Prestileo, T., Mancuso, S., Ferrari, C., Pizzaferri, P., Filice, G., Minoli, L., Bruno, R., Novati, S., Baldelli, F., Tinca, M., Petrelli, E., Cioppi, A., Alberici, F., Ruggieri, A., Menichetti, F., Martinelli, C., Stefano, C., La Gala, A., Ballardini, G., Rizzo, E., Magnani, G., Ursitti, Ma, Arlotti, M., Ortolani, P., Cauda, R., Dianzani, F., Ippolito, G., Antinori, A., Antonucci, G., D Elia, S., Narciso, P., Petrosillo, N., Vullo, V., Luca, A., Bacarelli, A., Zaccarelli, M., Acinapura, R., Longis, P., Brandi, A., Trotta, Mp, Noto, P., Lichtner, M., Capobianchi, MR, Carletti, F., Girardi, E., Rezza, G., Mura, Ms, Mannazzu, M., Caramello, P., Di Perri, G., Soranzo, Ml, Orofino, Gc, Arnaudo, I., Bonasso, M., Grossi, Pa, Basilico, C., Poggio, A., Bottari, G., Raise, E., Ebo, F., 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Pl, Mairuhu, Ata, Ziekenhuis, S., Veenstra, J., Danner, Sa, Agtmael, Ma, Claessen, Fap, Perenboom, Rm, Rijkeboer, A., Vonderen, M., Richter, C., Berg, J., Leusen, R., Vriesendorp, R., Jeurissen, Fjf, Kauffmann, Rh, Koger, Elw, Bravenboer, B., Ten Napel, Chh, Kootstra, Gj, Sprenger, Hg, Miesen, Wmaj, Doedens, R., Scholvinck, Eh, Ten Kate, Rw, Houte, Dpf, Polee, M., Kroon, Fp, van den Broek, Dissel, Jt, Schippers, Ef, Schreij, G., Geest, Sv, Verbon, A., Koopmans, Pp, Keuter, M., Post, F., Ven, Ajam, Ende, Me, Gyssens, Ic, Feltz, M., Den Hollander, Jg, Marie, S., Nouwen, Jl, Rijnders, Bja, Vries, Tems, Driessen, G., Groot, R., Hartwig, N., Juttmann, Jr, Heul, C., Kasteren, Mee, Schneider, Mme, Bonten, Mjm, Borleffs, Jcc, Ellerbroek, Pm, Hoepelman, Im, Jaspers, Cajj, Schouten, I., Schurink, Cam, Geelen, Spm, Wolfs, Tfw, Blok, Wl, Tanis, Aa, Groeneveld, Php, Klinieken-Zwolle, I., Back, Nkt, Bakker, Meg, Berkhout, B., Jurriaans, S., Cuijpers, T., Rietra, Pjgm, Roozendaal, Kj, Pauw, W., Zanten, Ap, Blomberg, Bme, Savelkoul, P., Swanink, Cma, Franck, Pfh, Lampe, As, Hendriks, R., Schirm, J., Veenendaal, D., Storm, H., Weel, J., Zeijl, H., Kroes, Acm, Claas, Hcj, Bruggeman, Camva, Goossens, Vj, Galama, Jmd, Melchers, Wjg, Poort, Yag, Doornum, Gjj, Niesters, Mg, Osterhaus, Adme, Schutten, M., Buiting, Agm, Swaans, Cam, Boucher, Cab, Boel, E., Jansz, Af, Losso, M., Duran, A., Vetter, N., Karpov, I., Vassilenko, A., Clumeck, N., Wit, S., Poll, B., Colebunders, R., Machala, L., Rozsypal, H., Dalibor Sedlacek, Nielsen, J., Benfield, T., Kirk, O., Gerstoft, J., Katzenstein, T., Hansen, Abe, Skinhoj, P., Pedersen, C., Zilmer, K., Girard, Pm, Saint-Marc, T., Vanhems, P., Dietrich, M., Manegold, C., Lunzen, J., Stellbrink, Hj, Bickel, M., Goebel, Fd, Rockstroh, J., Schmidt, R., Kosmidis, J., Gargalianos, P., Sambatakou, H., Perdios, J., Panos, G., Filandras, A., Karabatsaki, E., Banhegyi, D., Mulcahy, F., Yust, I., Turner, D., Burke, M., Pollack, S., Hassoun, G., Sthoeger, Z., 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