90 results on '"Garvin, W"'
Search Results
2. Exact Transient Solution of the Buried Line Source Problem
- Author
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Garvin, W. W.
- Published
- 1956
3. Applications of Linear Programming in the Oil Industry
- Author
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Garvin, W. W., Crandall, H. W., John, J. B., and Spellman, R. A.
- Published
- 1957
4. Health-related quality of life in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: treatment with daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in the phase 3 POLLUX trial
- Author
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Plesner, T, Dimopoulos, MA, Oriol, A, San-Miguel, J, Bahlis, NJ, Rabin, N, Suzuki, K, Yoon, SS, Ben-Yehuda, D, Cook, G, Goldschmidt, H, Grosicki, S, Qin, X, Fastenau, J, Garvin, W, Carson, R, Renaud, T, and Gries, KS
- Subjects
relapsed ,refractory multiple myeloma ,reported outcomes ,POLLUX ,daratumumab ,health‐ ,related quality of life ,patient‐ - Abstract
In the phase 3 POLLUX trial, daratumumab in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Rd) significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) alone. Here, we present patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from POLLUX, assessed using the validated European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30-item (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the EuroQol 5-dimensional descriptive system (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaires. Changes from baseline are presented as least-squares mean changes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) derived from a mixed-effects model. PRO assessment compliance rates were high and similar in both D-Rd and Rd groups through cycle 40 (week 156). In this on-treatment analysis, mean changes from baseline were significantly greater in EORTC QLQ-C30 global health status, physical functioning, and pain scores in the D-Rd group versus the Rd group at multiple time points; however, magnitude of changes was low, suggesting no meaningful impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Subgroup results were similar to those in the overall population. In the POLLUX study, baseline HRQoL was maintained with prolonged D-Rd treatment. These findings complement the sustained and significant improvement in progression-free survival observed with D-Rd and supports its use in patients with RRMM. Clinical trial registration: NCT02076009.
- Published
- 2021
5. Health-related quality of life in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: treatment with daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in the phase 3 POLLUX trial
- Author
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Plesner, T. Dimopoulos, M.A. Oriol, A. San-Miguel, J. Bahlis, N.J. Rabin, N. Suzuki, K. Yoon, S.-S. Ben-Yehuda, D. Cook, G. Goldschmidt, H. Grosicki, S. Qin, X. Fastenau, J. Garvin, W. Carson, R. Renaud, T. Gries, K.S.
- Subjects
humanities - Abstract
In the phase 3 POLLUX trial, daratumumab in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Rd) significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) alone. Here, we present patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from POLLUX, assessed using the validated European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30-item (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the EuroQol 5-dimensional descriptive system (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaires. Changes from baseline are presented as least-squares mean changes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) derived from a mixed-effects model. PRO assessment compliance rates were high and similar in both D-Rd and Rd groups through cycle 40 (week 156). In this on-treatment analysis, mean changes from baseline were significantly greater in EORTC QLQ-C30 global health status, physical functioning, and pain scores in the D-Rd group versus the Rd group at multiple time points; however, magnitude of changes was low, suggesting no meaningful impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Subgroup results were similar to those in the overall population. In the POLLUX study, baseline HRQoL was maintained with prolonged D-Rd treatment. These findings complement the sustained and significant improvement in progression-free survival observed with D-Rd and supports its use in patients with RRMM. Clinical trial registration: NCT02076009. © 2021 British Society for Haematology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
- Published
- 2021
6. Understanding safely valves
- Author
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Garvin, W. L.
- Published
- 1982
7. In vitro investigation of contrast flow jet timing in patient-specific intracranial aneurysms
- Author
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Garvin W. Britz, Liang-der Jou, and Virendra R. Desai
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Subarachnoid hemorrhage ,business.industry ,Pulsatile flow ,Hemodynamics ,medicine.disease ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Blood pump ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Aneurysm ,Internal medicine ,medicine.artery ,Occlusion ,cardiovascular system ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Original Article ,cardiovascular diseases ,Radiology ,Internal carotid artery ,Systole ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The direction and magnitude of intra-aneurysmal flow jet are significant risk factors of subarachnoid hemorrhage, and the change of flow jet during an endovascular procedure has been used for prediction of aneurysm occlusion or whether an additional flow diverter (FD) is warranted. However, evaluation of flow jets is often unreliable due to a large variation of flow jet on the digital subtraction angiograms, and this flow pattern variation may result in incorrect clinical diagnosis Therefore, factors contributing to the variation in flow jet are examined at an in vitro setting, and the findings can help us to understand the nature of flow jet and devise a better plan to quantify the aneurysmal hemodynamics accurately.Intra-aneurysmal flows in three patient-specific aneurysms between 11 and 25 mm were investigated in vitro, and a FD was deployed in each aneurysm model. X-ray imaging of these models were performed at injection rates between 0.2 and 2 mL/s. Pulsatile blood pump and aneurysm model were imaged together to determine the timing of flow jet.The contrast bolus arrives at the aneurysm early at high contrast injection rates. The flow patterns with slow injection rates exhibit strong inertia that is associated with the systole flow. Flow jets arrive at the aneurysms at the peak systole when the bolus is injected at 0.2 mL/s. The contrast-to-signal ratio is the highest at the injection rate of 0.5 mL/s. Effect of flow diversion can only be assessed at an injection rate greater than 0.5 mL/s.Intra-aneurysmal flow jet is highly dependent on the injection rate of the contrast agent. For the internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms, the systolic flows can be visualized at slow injection rates (0.5 mL/s), while the diastolic flow jets are visible at higher injection rates (1 mL/s). Dependence of flow jet on the contrast injection rate has serious clinical implications and needs to be considered during diagnostic procedures; a protocol with a consistent injection rate is highly recommended.
- Published
- 2016
8. In vitro investigation of contrast flow jet timing in patient-specific intracranial aneurysms
- Author
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Jou, Liang-der, primary, Desai, Virendra R., additional, and Britz, Garvin W., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Vital signs: binge drinking among high school students and adults - United States, 2009
- Author
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Kanny, D., Liu, Y., Brewer, R.D., Garvin, W., and Balluz, L.
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Drinking of alcoholic beverages -- Reports -- Surveys ,High school students -- Surveys -- Alcohol use ,Health - Abstract
Excessive alcohol use was the third leading preventable cause of death in the United States (1), and it annually accounted for, on average, approximately 79,000 deaths * per year and [...]
- Published
- 2010
10. Creativity and the Design Process
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Garvin, W. Lawrence
- Published
- 1964
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. 2.75-Inch Motor Manufacturing Waste Minimization Project
- Author
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NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER INDIAN HEAD DIV MD, Thomas, Garvin W, Prickett, Suzanne E, Richman, Stuart A, Radack, Christopher M, Cassell, Elbert, Michienzi, Mark, Murphy, Constance M, Newton, William, NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER INDIAN HEAD DIV MD, Thomas, Garvin W, Prickett, Suzanne E, Richman, Stuart A, Radack, Christopher M, Cassell, Elbert, Michienzi, Mark, Murphy, Constance M, and Newton, William
- Abstract
All Department of Defense (DOD) military services use a 2.75-inch rocket system, produced by a conventional batch method that produces large amounts of waste propellant, nitroglycerin, and process water, and are labor intensive. This project sought to demonstrate a lower cost manufacturing process that reduces the amount of waste and pollution generated in the manufacture of the Mk 90 double-base propellant grain used in the Mk 66 2.75-inch rocket system. The new process explored the use of a continuous shear roll mill and twin screw mixer/extruder to reduce the propellant scrap, nitroglycerin emissions, and touch labor while increasing safety by utilizing remote control technology., Prepared in collaboration with the US Army Armament Research and Development Engineering Center (ARDEC), Picatinny, NJ, and Alliant Techsystems, Arlington, VA.
- Published
- 2006
12. Bellows With Longitudinal Beams
- Author
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Garvin, W
- Subjects
Fabrication Technology - Abstract
Bellows assembled using two longitudinal side seams allow seam joints to be placed in axial directions of bellows. Design of particular importance in difficult situations where frequent assembly or repair required or in limited-access areas not desirable to disassemble total unit to replace one-piece bellows.
- Published
- 1984
13. State-Specific Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults - United States, 2005
- Author
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Blanck, H. M., primary, Dietz, W. H., additional, Galuska, D. A., additional, Gillespie, C., additional, Hamre, R., additional, Khan, L. Kettel, additional, Serdula, M. K., additional, Ford, E. S., additional, Garvin, W. S., additional, Mokdad, A. H., additional, and Densmore, D., additional
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- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Report of Committee on Construction
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Garvin, W. C.
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- 1940
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Report of Committee on Uniforms
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Garvin, W. C. and Farrington, Lewis M.
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- 1940
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. A field trial of an orthodontic treatment need learning package for general dental practitioners
- Author
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Burden, D J, primary, Garvin, W, additional, and Patterson, C C, additional
- Published
- 1997
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Estimated Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Adults and Children -- United States, September 1, 2004-January 31, 2005.
- Author
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Euler, G. L., Bridges, C. B., Brown, C. J., Lu, P. J., Singleton, J., Stokley, S., Chu, S. Y., McCauley, M., Link, M. W., Mokdad, A. H., Elam-Evans, L., Balluz, L. S., Garvin, W. S., Bartoli, W. P., Town, G. M., Sussman-Walsh, M., O'Neill, K., and Gilbertz, D.
- Subjects
VACCINATION ,INFLUENZA vaccines ,PREVENTION of communicable diseases - Abstract
Presents the results of a survey conducted by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention which identified influenza vaccination coverage levels among adults and children from September 2004 to January 2005. Reasons for the decline in influenza vaccination coverage among healthy persons; Graphical illustration of monthly vaccination coverage among selected priority populations; Factors that affected vaccination patterns during the period of research.
- Published
- 2005
18. Estimated Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Adults and Children -- United States, September 1-November 30, 2004.
- Author
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Link, M. W., Mokdad, A. H., Elam-Evans, L., Balluz, L. S., Garvin, W. S., Bartoli, W. P., Town, G. M., Sussman-Walsh, M., O'Neill, K., Gilbertz, D., Chu, S. Y., Euler, GL, Brown, C. J., Lu, P. J., Bridges, C. B., and Stokley, S.
- Subjects
INFLUENZA vaccines ,SURVEYS ,IMMUNIZATION of children ,PREVENTION of communicable diseases - Abstract
Assesses the data collected by the ongoing Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System survey during the December 1 to 11, 2004 period in the U.S. Questions on influenza vaccination coverage included in the survey; Priority groups for influenza vaccination; Percentages of persons reporting that they obtained an influenza vaccination during September 1 to November 30, 2004; Number of unvaccinated child aged 6-23 months who reported that the vaccine was not needed.
- Published
- 2004
19. The present day status of infectious eczematoid dermatitis.
- Author
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KENNEDY, C. BARRETT, HENINGTON, V. MEDD, GARVIN, WILLIAM H., KENNEDY, C B, HENINGTON, V M, and GARVIN, W H
- Published
- 1953
20. The sportsman's charter
- Author
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Garvin, W. Lawrence
- Published
- 1979
21. Indian Cultural Arts Museum, Santa Fe, New Mexico
- Author
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Garvin, W. Lawrence and Garvin, W. Lawrence
- Abstract
Not available
- Published
- 1979
22. Controlled Correction of Diplopia and Eye Muscle Imbalance in Orbital and Zygomaic Fractures
- Author
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Pelzer, R. H., primary and Garvin, W. J., additional
- Published
- 1959
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Pulse Propagation in a Nonhomogeneous Medium
- Author
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Garvin, W. W., primary
- Published
- 1952
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. History of an Epidemic
- Author
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Garvin, W. B.
- Subjects
Original Communications - Published
- 1886
25. Prevalence of selected risk behaviors and chronic diseases and conditions -- Steps communities, United States, 2006-2007.
- Author
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Cory S, Ussery-Hall A, Griffin-Blake S, Easton A, Vigeant J, Balluz L, Garvin W, and Greenlund K
- Abstract
Problem: At least one chronic disease or condition affects 45% of persons and account for seven of the 10 leading causes of death in the United States. Persons who suffer from chronic diseases and conditions, (e.g., obesity, diabetes, and asthma) experience limitations in function, health, activity, and work, affecting the quality of their lives as well as the lives of their family. Preventable health-risk factors (e.g., insufficient physical activity, poor nutrition, and tobacco use and exposure) contribute substantially to the development and severity of certain chronic diseases and conditions. Reporting Period Covered: 2006-2007 Description of the System: CDC's Healthy Communities Program funds communities to address chronic diseases and related risk factors through policy, systems, and environmental change strategies. As part of the Healthy Communities Program, 40 Steps communities were funded nationwide to address six focus areas: obesity, diabetes, asthma, physical inactivity, poor nutrition, and tobacco use and exposure. During 2006-2007, 38 and 39 of the 40 communities conducted a survey to collect adult health outcome data. The survey instrument was a modified version of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, a state-based, random-digit-dialed telephone survey. The survey instrument collected information on chronic diseases and conditions, health risk behaviors, and preventive health practices related to Steps community outcomes from noninstitutionalized community members aged greater than or equal to 18 years. Results: Prevalence estimates of chronic diseases and conditions and risk behaviors varied among Steps communities that reported data for 2006 and 2007. The proportion of the population that achieved Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objectives also varied among the communities. In 2006, the estimated prevalence of respondents aged greater than or equal to 18 years being overweight or obese as calculated from self-reported weight and height ranged from 51.8% to 73.7%. The nationwide 2006 BRFSS median was 62.3%; a total of 20 communities exceeded this median. In 2007, the estimated prevalence being overweight or obese ranged from 50.5% to 77.2%. The nationwide 2007 BRFSS median was 63.0%; a total of 18 communities exceeded this median. In 2006, the estimated prevalence of diagnosed diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes) ranged from 3.7% to 19.7%. None of the communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 91% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have at least an annual clinical foot examination. Six communities reached the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 76% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have an annual dilated eye examination; 20 communities reached the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 65% the proportion of adults who have a glycosylated hemoglobin measurement (A1c) at least once a year. In 2007, the estimated prevalence of diagnosed diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes) ranged from 4.4% to 17.9%. None of the communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 91% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have at least an annual clinical foot examination, eight communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 76% the proportion of adults with diabetes who have an annual dilated eye examination, and 16 communities achieved the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 65% the proportion of adults who have an A1c at least once a year. In 2006, the prevalence of reported asthma ranged from 6.5% to 18.9%. Among those who reported having asthma, the prevalence of having no symptoms of asthma during the preceding 30 days ranged from 11.5% to 29.5% for five communities with sufficient data for estimates. In 2007, the estimated prevalence of reported asthma ranged from 7.5% to 18.9%. Among those who reported having asthma, the prevalence of having no symptoms of asthma during the preceding 30 days ranged from 10.3% to 36.1% for 12 communities with sufficient data for estimates. In 2006, the prevalence of respondents who engaged in moderate physical activity for greater than or equal to 30 minutes at least five times a week or who reported vigorous physical activity for greater than or equal to 20 minutes at least three times a week ranged from 42.3% to 59.9%. The prevalence of consumption of fruits and vegetables at least five times/day ranged from 11.1% to 30.2%. In 2007, the prevalence of moderate or vigorous physical activity ranged from 40.6% to 69.8%; 25 communities reached the HP 2010 objective to increase the proportion of adults who engage in physical activity to 50%. The prevalence of consumption of fruits and vegetables greater than or equal to 5 times/day ranged from 14.6% to 37.6%. In 2006, the estimated prevalence among respondents aged >18 years who reported having smoked >100 cigarettes in their lifetime and who were current smokers on every day or some days at the time of the survey ranged from 12.5% to 48.0%. Among smokers, the prevalence of having stopped smoking for greater than or equal to 1 day because of trying to quit smoking during the previous 12 months ranged from 48.4% to 67.9% for 31 communities. No communities reached the HP 2010 target of increasing to 75% smoking cessation attempts by adult smokers. In 2007, the estimated prevalence of current smokers ranged from 11.2% to 33.7%. Two communities reached the HP 2010 objective to reduce the proportion of adults who smoke. Among smokers, the prevalence of having stopped smoking for greater than or equal to 1 day because of trying to quit smoking during the preceding 12 months ranged from 50.8% to 69.6% for 26 communities. No communities reached the HP 2010 objective of increasing to 75% smoking cessation attempts by adult smokers. Interpretation: The findings in this report indicate variations in health risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, and use of preventive health screenings and health services among Steps communities. These findings underscore the continued need to evaluate prevention interventions at the community level and to design and implement policies to promote and encourage healthy behaviors. Public Health Action: Steps BRFSS data monitored the prevalence of health behaviors, conditions, and use of preventive health services. CDC (at the national level), and Steps staff at state, local, and tribal levels can use BRFSS data to demonstrate accountability to stakeholders; monitor progress in meeting objectives; focus activities on policy, systems and environmental change strategies with the greatest promise of results; identify collaboration opportunities; and identify and disseminate successes and lessons learned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
26. Surveillance of certain health behaviors and conditions among states and selected local areas -- Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2007.
- Author
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Chowdhury P, Balluz L, Town M, Chowdhury FM, Bartoli W, Garvin W, Akcin H, Greenlund KJ, and Giles W
- Abstract
Problem: Chronic diseases (e.g., heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes) are the leading causes of death in the United States. Controlling health risk behaviors (e.g., smoking, physical inactivity, poor diet, and excessive drinking) and using preventive health-care services (e.g., cancer, hypertension, and cholesterol screenings) can reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases. Monitoring health-risk behaviors, chronic health conditions, and preventive care practices is essential to develop health promotion activities, intervention programs, and health policies at the state, city, and county levels. Reporting Period Covered: January 2007-- December 2007 Description of the System: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is a state-based, on-going, random-digit-dialed household telephone survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged >= 18 years residing in the United States. BRFSS collects data on health-risk behaviors and use of preventative health services related to the leading causes of death and disability in the United States. This report presents results for 2007 for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, 184 metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas (MMSAs), and 298 counties. Results: In 2007, prevalence estimates of risk behaviors, chronic conditions, and the use of preventive services varied substantially by state and territory, MMSA, and county. The following is a summary of results listed by BRFSS question topic. Each set of proportions refers to the range of estimated prevalence for the disease, condition, or behavior, as reported by the survey subject. Adults who reported fair or poor hetdth: 11% to 32% for states and territories and 6% to 31% for MMSAs and counties. Adults with health-care coverage: 71% to 94% for states and territories and 51% to 97% for MMSAs and counties. Annual influenza vaccination among adults aged >=65 years: 32% to 80%) for states and territories, 48% to 83% for MMSAs, and 44% to 88% for counties. Pneumococcal vaccination among adults aged >= 65 years: 26% to 74% for states and territories, 44% to 83% for MMSAs, and 39% to 87% for counties. Adults who had their cholesterol checked within the preceding 5 years: 66% to 85% for states and territories and 58% to 90% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who consumed at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day: 14% to 33% for states and territories, 16% to 34% for MMSAs and 14% to 37% for counties. Adults who reported no leisure-time physical activity: 17% to 44% for states and territories and 9% to 38% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who engaged in moderate or vigorous physical activity: 31% to 61% for states and territories and 36% to 67% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who engaged in only vigorous physical activity: 19% to 40% for states and territories and 15% to 45% for MMSAs and counties. Cigarette smoking among adults: 9% to 31% for states and territories, 7% to 34% for MMSAs, and 7% to 30% for counties. Binge drinking among adults: 3% to 8% for states and territories. Adults classified as overweight: 33% to 40% for states and territories and 26% to 47% for MMSAs and counties. Adults aged >= 20 years who were obese: 20% to 34% for states and territories and 14% to 38% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who were told of a diabetes diagnosis: 5% to 13% for states and territories and 2% to 17% for MMSAs and counties. Adults with high blood pressure diagnosis: 21% to 35% for states and territories and 16% to 38% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who had high blood cholesterol: 28% to 43% for states and territories, 29% to 49% for MMSAs, and 26% to 51% for counties. Adults with a history of coronary heart disease: 2% to 14% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. Adults who were told of a stroke diagnosis: 1% to 7% for states and territories, MMSAs, and counties. Adults who were diagnosed with arthritis: 14% to 36% for states and territories and 16% to 40% for MMSAs and counties. Adults who had asthma: 5% to 10% for states and territories and 3% to 13% for MMSAs and counties. Adults with activity limitation associated with physical, mental, or emotional problems: 10% to 26% for states and territories. Adults who required special equipment because of health problems: 3% to 10% for states and territories and 3% to 14% for MMSAs and counties. Interpretation: The findings in this report indicate substantial variation in self-reported health status, health-care coverage, use of preventive health-care services, health behaviors leading to chronic health conditions, and disability among U.S. adults at the state and territory, MMSA, and county levels. The findings underscore the continued need for surveillance of health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, and the use of preventive services. Public Health Actions: Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objectives have been established to monitor health behaviors and the use of preventive health services. Local and state health departments and federal agencies use BRFSS data to identify populations at high risk for certain health behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions and to evaluate the use of preventive services. In addition, BRFSS data are used to direct, implement, monitor, and evaluate public health programs and policies that can lead to a reduction in morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
27. Prevalence of selected risk behaviors and chronic diseases -- Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), 39 Steps communities, United States, 2005.
- Author
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Ramsey F, Ussery-Hall A, Garcia D, McDonald G, Easton A, Kambon M, Balluz L, Garvin W, and Vigeant J
- Abstract
Problem: Behavioral risk factors (e.g., tobacco use, poor diet, and physical inactivity) can lead to chronic diseases. In 2005, of the 10 leading causes of death in the United States, seven (heart disease, cancer, stroke, chronic lower respiratory diseases, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and kidney disease) were attributable to chronic disease. Chronic diseases also adversely affect the quality of life of an estimated 90 million persons in the United States, resulting in illness, disability, extended pain and suffering, and major limitations in daily living.Reporting Period Covered: 2005.Description of the System: CDC's Steps Program funds 40 selected U.S. communities to address six leading causes of death and disability and rising health-care costs in the United States: obesity, diabetes, asthma, physical inactivity, poor nutrition, and tobacco use. In 2005, a total of 39 Steps communities conducted a survey to collect adult health outcome data. The survey instrument was a modified version of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey, a community-based, random-digit--dialing telephone survey with a multistage cluster design. The survey instrument collected information on health risk behaviors and preventive health practices among noninstitutionalized adults aged >18 years.Results: Prevalence estimates of risk behaviors and chronic conditions varied among the 39 Steps communities that reported data for 2005. The proportion of the population that achieved Healthy People 2010 (HP 2010) objectives also varied among the communities. The estimated prevalence of obesity (defined as having a body mass index [BMI] of >30.0 kg/m² as calculated from self-reported weight and height) ranged from 15.6% to 44.0%. No communities reached the HP2010 objective of reducing the proportion of adults who are obese to 15.0%.The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes (excluding gestational diabetes) ranged from 4.3% to 16.6%. Eighteen communities achieved the HP2010 objective to increase the proportion of adults with diabetes who have at least an annual foot examination to 75.0%; five communities achieved the HP2010 objective to increase the proportion of adults with diabetes who have an annual dilated eye examination to 75.0%.The prevalence of reported asthma ranged from 7.0% to 17.6%. Among those who reported having asthma, the prevalence of having no symptoms of asthma during the preceding 30 days ranged from 15.4% to 40.3% for 10 communities with sufficient data for estimates. The prevalence of respondents who engaged in moderate physical activity for >30 minutes at least five times a week or who reported vigorous physical activity for >20 minutes at least three times a week ranged from 42.0% to 62.2%. The prevalence of consumption of fruits and vegetables at least five times a day ranged from 15.6% to 30.3%.The estimated prevalence among respondents aged >18 years who reported having smoked >100 cigarettes in their lifetime and who were current smokers on every day or some days at the time of the survey ranged from 11.0% to 39.7%. One community achieved the HP2010 objective to reduce the proportion of adults who smoke to 12.0%. Among smokers, the prevalence of having stopped smoking for >1 day as a result of trying to quit smoking during the previous 12 months ranged from 47.8% to 63.3% for 31 communities. No communities reached the HP2010 objective of increasing smoking cessation attempts by adult smokers to 75%.Interpretation: The findings in this report indicate variations in health risk behaviors, chronic conditions, and use of preventive health screenings and health services. These findings underscore the continued need to evaluate intervention programs at the community level and to design and implement policies to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by chronic disease.Public Health Action: Steps BRFSS data can be used to monitor the prevalence of specific health behaviors, diseases, conditions, and use of preventive health services. Steps Program staff at the national, state, local, and tribal levels can use BRFSS data to demonstrate accountability to stakeholders, monitor progress in meeting program objectives, focus programs on activities with the greatest promise of results, identify opportunities for strategic collaboration, and identify and disseminate successes and lessons learned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
28. State-Specific Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults--United States, 2005.
- Author
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Blanck, H. M., Dietz, W. H., Caluska, D. A., Gillespie, C., Hamre, R., Khan, L. Kettle, Serdula, M. K., Ford, E. S., Garvin, W. S., Mokdad, A. H., and Densmore, D.
- Subjects
OBESITY ,PUBLIC health ,TELEPHONE surveys ,OVERWEIGHT persons - Abstract
The article describes a study on adult obesity in the United States undertaken by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The study assessed the prevalence of obesity by state and demographic characteristics by using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. There was a significant increase in state-level prevalence of obesity from 1995-2005. Limitations to the study include the fact that the data was self-reported and that people without land-line telephones were not included in the study. Public health initiatives are needed to combat the prevalence of obesity in the United States.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Dark Crescent.
- Author
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Garvin, W. Lewis
- Subjects
- DARK crescent (Short story), GARVIN, W. Lewis
- Abstract
Presents the short story "Dark Crescent," by W. Lewis Garvin.
- Published
- 2005
30. Las Molas: Specialty shopping center for Panama City, Rep. of Panama
- Author
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Sousa, John Henry and Garvin, W. Lawrence
- Subjects
Panama (Panama) ,Shopping centers -- Design ,Architecture - Abstract
Not Available.
- Published
- 1979
31. Office/retail complex within the Arts District of Dallas
- Author
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Fisher, Randall, Martin, Michael T., Wray, Warren, and Garvin, W. Lawrence
- Subjects
Dallas (Tex.) ,Architecture ,Office buildings -- Design - Abstract
Not Available.
- Published
- 1983
32. Eagle Pass - Del Rio regional airport terminal
- Author
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Cameron, Robert J. and Garvin, W. Lawrence
- Subjects
Airport terminals -- Texas -- Del Rio -- Designs and plans ,Airport terminals -- Texas -- Eagle Pass -- Designs and plans ,Airports -- Texas -- Del Rio -- Designs and plans ,Airports -- Texas -- Eagle Pass -- Designs and plans - Published
- 1981
33. Dallas farmers market
- Author
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Byrd, Mark G. and Garvin, W. Lawrence
- Subjects
Dallas (Tex.) ,Architecture ,Agriculture ,Farmers' markets ,Farmers' markets -- Texas ,Farm produce -- Texas - Abstract
Not Available.
- Published
- 1985
34. The Electronic Arts Archive and research Institute
- Author
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Rowland, David C. and Garvin, W. Lawrence
- Subjects
College buildings -- Design ,Architecture ,Art -- Study and teaching ,Lubbock (Tex.) ,Texas Tech University - Abstract
Not Available.
- Published
- 1985
35. A regional shopping mall for San Antonio, TX
- Author
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Lange, Dale Virgil and Garvin, W. Lawrence
- Subjects
Shopping malls -- Design and construction ,Architecture ,San Antonio (Tex.) - Abstract
Forming nearly self- contained communities, shopping mall s have be come the centers of people ' s lives, places where they go for entertainment, play, dine, to sell, and to buy. Although shopping malls provide numerous activities for t he community, buying is the " raison d' etre" for the existence of regional shopping malls. 1 The malls in San Antonio seem to dot the landscape as monuments to free enterprise leaving many to believe that the city is bursting out at the city limits with them.
- Published
- 1979
36. Civic center for Hereford, TX
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Albrecht, Phillip D. and Garvin, W. Lawrence
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Hereford (Tex.) ,Public buildings ,Civic centers -- Designs and plans - Published
- 1982
37. Metro complex
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Booth, Kyle K. and Garvin, W. Lawrence
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Shopping centers ,Business parks ,Urbanization ,Aesthetics ,Landscape architecture ,Architecture ,City planning -- Economic aspects - Published
- 1980
38. Outcomes of Population Surveillance Data Collection Pilots and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System: What Happens in Texas.
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Kirtland K, Garvin W, Yan T, Cavazos M, Berzofsky M, Freedner N, Muldavin B, Levine B, Gamble S, and Town M
- Abstract
Declining response rates and rising costs have prompted the search for alternatives to traditional random-digit dialing (RDD) interviews. In 2021, three Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) pilots were conducted in Texas: data collection using an RDD short message service (RDD SMS) text-messaging push-to-web pilot, an address-based push-to-web pilot, and an internet panel pilot. We used data from the three pilots and from the concurrent Texas BRFSS Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI). We compared unweighted data from these four sources to demographic information from the American Community Survey (ACS) for Texas, comparing respondents' health information across the protocols as well as cost and response rates. Non-Hispanic White adults and college graduates disproportionately responded in all survey protocols. Comparing costs across protocols was difficult due to the differences in methods and overhead, but some cost comparisons could be made. The cost per complete for BRFSS/CATI ranged from $75 to $100, compared with costs per complete for address-based sampling ($31 to $39), RDD SMS ($12 to $20), and internet panel (approximately $25). There were notable differences among survey protocols and the ACS in age, race/ethnicity, education, and marital status. We found minimal differences in respondents' answers to heart disease-related questions; however, responses to flu vaccination questions differed by protocol. Comparable responses were encouraging. Properly weighted web-based data collection may help use data collected by new protocols as a supplement to future BRFSS efforts.
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- 2023
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39. Analysis of Interview Breakoff in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2018 and 2019.
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Hsia J, Gilbert M, Zhao G, Town M, Inusah S, and Garvin W
- Abstract
Introduction: Survey breakoff is an important source of total survey error. Most studies of breakoff have been of web surveys-less is known about telephone surveys. In the past decade, the breakoff rate has increased in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, the world's largest annual telephone survey. Analysis of breakoff in Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System can improve the quality of Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. It will also provide evidence in research of total survey error on telephone surveys., Methods: We used data recorded as breakoff in the 2018 and 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We converted questions and modules to a time variable and applied Kaplan-Meier method and a proportional hazard model to estimate the conditional and cumulative probabilities of breakoff and study the potential risk factors associated with breakoff., Results: Cumulative probability of breakoffs up to the end of the core questionnaire was 7.03% in 2018 and 9.56% in 2019. The highest conditional probability of breakoffs in the core was 2.85% for the physical activity section. Cumulative probability of breakoffs up to the end of the core was higher among those states that inserted their own questions or optional modules than among those that did not in both years. The median risk ratio of breakoff among all states was 5.70 in 2018 and 3.01 in 2019. Survey breakoff was associated with the length of the questionnaire, the extent of expected recollection, and the location of questions., Conclusions: Breakoff is not an ignorable component of total survey error and should be considered in Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data analyses when variables have higher breakoff rates.
- Published
- 2023
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40. Health-related quality of life in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: treatment with daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in the phase 3 POLLUX trial.
- Author
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Plesner T, Dimopoulos MA, Oriol A, San-Miguel J, Bahlis NJ, Rabin N, Suzuki K, Yoon SS, Ben-Yehuda D, Cook G, Goldschmidt H, Grosicki S, Qin X, Fastenau J, Garvin W, Carson R, Renaud T, and Gries KS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Monoclonal administration & dosage, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Dexamethasone administration & dosage, Female, Humans, Lenalidomide administration & dosage, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Myeloma psychology, Pain Measurement, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Progression-Free Survival, Quality of Life, Recurrence, Surveys and Questionnaires, Treatment Outcome, Multiple Myeloma drug therapy, Salvage Therapy psychology
- Abstract
In the phase 3 POLLUX trial, daratumumab in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (D-Rd) significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) alone. Here, we present patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from POLLUX, assessed using the validated European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30-item (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the EuroQol 5-dimensional descriptive system (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaires. Changes from baseline are presented as least-squares mean changes with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) derived from a mixed-effects model. PRO assessment compliance rates were high and similar in both D-Rd and Rd groups through cycle 40 (week 156). In this on-treatment analysis, mean changes from baseline were significantly greater in EORTC QLQ-C30 global health status, physical functioning, and pain scores in the D-Rd group versus the Rd group at multiple time points; however, magnitude of changes was low, suggesting no meaningful impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Subgroup results were similar to those in the overall population. In the POLLUX study, baseline HRQoL was maintained with prolonged D-Rd treatment. These findings complement the sustained and significant improvement in progression-free survival observed with D-Rd and supports its use in patients with RRMM. Clinical trial registration: NCT02076009., (© 2021 British Society for Haematology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2021
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41. Health-related quality of life maintained over time in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma treated with daratumumab in combination with bortezomib and dexamethasone: results from the phase III CASTOR trial.
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Hungria V, Beksac M, Weisel KC, Nooka AK, Masszi T, Spicka I, Munder M, Mateos MV, Mark TM, Qi M, Qin X, Fastenau J, Spencer A, Sonneveld P, Garvin W, Renaud T, and Gries KS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antibodies, Monoclonal administration & dosage, Bortezomib administration & dosage, Dexamethasone administration & dosage, Disease-Free Survival, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Survival Rate, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols administration & dosage, Models, Biological, Multiple Myeloma drug therapy, Multiple Myeloma mortality, Quality of Life
- Abstract
In the phase III CASTOR trial, daratumumab, bortezomib and dexamethasone (D-Vd) significantly extended progression-free survival compared with bortezomib and dexamethasone (Vd) alone in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Here, we present patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from the CASTOR trial. PROs were assessed using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30-item (EORTC QLQ-C30) and the EuroQol 5-dimensional descriptive system questionnaire. Treatment effects through Cycle 8 were measured by a repeated measures mixed-effects model. After Cycle 8, PROs were only collected for patients in the D-Vd group who continued on daratumumab monotherapy. Compliance rates for PRO assessments were high and similar between treatment groups. Mean changes from baseline were generally similar between treatment groups for EORTC QLQ-C30 global health status (GHS), functioning and symptoms, and did not exceed 10 points for either treatment group. Subgroup analyses were consistent with the results observed in the overall population. There was no change in patients' health-related quality of life for the first eight cycles of therapy; thereafter, patients treated with daratumumab over the long-term reported improvements in GHS and pain. These results complement the significant clinical benefits observed with D-Vd in patients with RRMM and support its use in this patient population., (© 2021 British Society for Haematology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2021
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42. Daratumumab With Cetrelimab, an Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody, in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma.
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Cohen YC, Oriol A, Wu KL, Lavi N, Vlummens P, Jackson C, Garvin W, Carson R, Crist W, Fu J, Feng H, Xie H, Schecter J, San-Miguel J, and Lonial S
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Monoclonal pharmacology, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols pharmacology, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Multiple Myeloma mortality, Survival Analysis, Antibodies, Monoclonal therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Multiple Myeloma drug therapy, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local drug therapy
- Abstract
Background: Daratumumab is approved for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) as monotherapy or in combination regimens. We evaluated daratumumab plus cetrelimab, a programmed death receptor-1 inhibitor, in RRMM., Patients and Methods: This open-label, multiphase study enrolled adults with RRMM with ≥ 3 prior lines of therapy. Part 1 was a safety run-in phase examining dose-limiting toxicities of daratumumab (16 mg/kg intravenously weekly for cycles 1-2, biweekly for cycles 3-6, and monthly thereafter) plus cetrelimab (240 mg intravenously biweekly, all cycles). In Parts 2 and 3, patients were to be randomized to daratumumab with or without cetrelimab (same schedule as Part 1). Endpoints included safety, overall response rate, pharmacokinetics, and biomarker analyses., Results: Nine patients received daratumumab plus cetrelimab in the safety run-in, and 1 received daratumumab in Part 2 before administrative study termination following a data monitoring committee's global recommendation to stop any trial including daratumumab combined with inhibitors of programmed death receptor-1 or its ligand (programmed death-ligand 1). The median follow-up times were 6.7 months (safety run-in) and 0.3 months (Part 2). No dose-limiting toxicities occurred. All 10 patients had ≥ 1 treatment-emergent adverse event; 7 patients had grade 3 to 4 treatment-emergent adverse events, and none led to treatment discontinuation or death. In the safety run-in, 7 (77.7%) patients had ≥ 1 infusion-related reaction (most grade 1-2), and 1 had a grade 2 immune-mediated reaction. Among safety run-in patients, the overall response rate was 44.4%., Conclusions: No new safety concerns were identified for daratumumab plus cetrelimab in RRMM. The short study duration and small population limit complete analysis of this combination., (Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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43. Comparisons of Estimates From the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Other National Health Surveys, 2011-2016.
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Hsia J, Zhao G, Town M, Ren J, Okoro CA, Pierannunzi C, and Garvin W
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Population Surveillance, United States, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Benchmarking, Chronic Disease, Health Behavior, Nutrition Surveys
- Abstract
Introduction: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is composed of telephone surveys that collect state data from non-institutionalized U.S. adults regarding health-related risk behaviors and chronic health conditions. A new design was implemented in 2011 to include participants on cellular telephones. It is important to validate estimates since 2011., Methods: A total of 10 key and widely used variables between BRFSS and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) or National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) in 2011-2016 were compared. Data analysis was conducted in 2018., Results: Between BRFSS and NHANES, similar linear time trends of prevalences or means were found for 8 of 9 studied variables. There were no significant differences in the prevalences of the following variables: self-reported fair/poor health, ever told have diabetes, and ever told to have hypertension. In trend comparison of BRFSS versus NHIS, interactions of prevalence between survey and time period were not found for 5 variables: current smoking, self-reported fair/poor health, ever told have diabetes, and self-reported height and weight. Although there were significant differences in many estimates between BRFSS and either NHANES or NHIS, the absolute differences across years were rather small., Conclusions: Comparing BRFSS time trends with those of 2 national benchmark surveys in 10 key and widely used variables suggests that the trends of prevalences (or means) from BRFSS, NHANES, and NHIS are mostly similar. For many variables, despite statistically significant differences in the prevalences (or means) between surveys, absolute differences in most cases were small and not meaningful from a public health surveillance perspective., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)
- Published
- 2020
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44. Surveillance for Certain Health Behaviors and Conditions Among States and Selected Local Areas - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2015.
- Author
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Pickens CM, Pierannunzi C, Garvin W, and Town M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Chronic Disease prevention & control, Cross-Sectional Studies, Delivery of Health Care statistics & numerical data, District of Columbia epidemiology, Female, Guam epidemiology, Health Services Accessibility statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Puerto Rico epidemiology, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Chronic Disease epidemiology, Health Risk Behaviors, Population Surveillance
- Abstract
Problem: Chronic conditions and disorders (e.g., diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, and depression) are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Healthy behaviors (e.g., physical activity, avoiding cigarette use, and refraining from binge drinking) and preventive practices (e.g., visiting a doctor for a routine check-up, tracking blood pressure, and monitoring blood cholesterol) might help prevent or successfully manage these chronic conditions. Monitoring chronic diseases, health-risk behaviors, and access to and use of health care are fundamental to the development of effective public health programs and policies at the state and local levels., Reporting Period: January-December 2015., Description of the System: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit-dialed landline- and cellular-telephone survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged ≥18 years residing in the United States. BRFSS collects data on health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to and use of health care, and use of preventive health services related to the leading causes of death and disability. This report presents results for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Puerto Rico), and Guam and for 130 metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas (MMSAs) (N = 441,456 respondents) for 2015., Results: The age-adjusted prevalence estimates of health-risk behaviors, self-reported chronic health conditions, access to and use of health care, and use of preventive health services varied substantially by state, territory, and MMSA in 2015. Results are summarized for selected BRFSS measures. Each set of proportions refers to the median (range) of age-adjusted prevalence estimates for health-risk behaviors, self-reported chronic diseases or conditions, or use of preventive health care services by geographic jurisdiction, as reported by survey respondents. Adults with good or better health: 84.6% (65.9%-88.8%) for states and territories and 85.2% (66.9%-91.3%) for MMSAs. Adults with ≥14 days of poor physical health in the past 30 days: 10.9% (8.2%-17.2%) for states and territories and 10.9% (6.6%-19.1%) for MMSAs. Adults with ≥14 days of poor mental health in the past 30 days: 11.3% (7.3%-15.8%) for states and territories and 11.4% (5.6%-20.5%) for MMSAs. Adults aged 18-64 years with health care coverage: 86.8% (72.0%-93.8%) for states and territories and 86.8% (63.2%-95.7%) for MMSAs. Adults who received a routine physical checkup during the preceding 12 months: 69.0% (58.1%-79.8%) for states and territories and 69.4% (57.1%-81.1%) for MMSAs. Adults who ever had their blood cholesterol checked: 79.1% (73.3%-86.7%) for states and territories and 79.5% (65.1%-87.3%) for MMSAs. Current cigarette smoking among adults: 17.7% (9.0%-27.2%) for states and territories and 17.3% (4.5%-29.5%) for MMSAs. Binge drinking among adults during the preceding 30 days: 17.2% (11.2%-26.0%) for states and territories and 17.4% (5.5%-24.5%) for MMSAs. Adults who reported no leisure-time physical activity during the preceding month: 25.5% (17.6%-47.1%) for states and territories and 24.5% (16.1%-47.3%) for MMSAs. Adults who reported consuming fruit less than once per day during the preceding month: 40.5% (33.3%-55.5%) for states and territories and 40.3% (30.1%-57.3%) for MMSAs. Adults who reported consuming vegetables less than once per day during the preceding month: 22.4% (16.6%-31.3%) for states and territories and 22.3% (13.6%-32.0%) for MMSAs. Adults who have obesity: 29.5% (19.9%-36.0%) for states and territories and 28.5% (17.8%-41.6%) for MMSAs. Adults aged ≥45 years with diagnosed diabetes: 15.9% (11.2%-26.8%) for states and territories and 15.7% (10.5%-27.6%) for MMSAs. Adults aged ≥18 years with a form of arthritis: 22.7% (17.2%-33.6%) for states and territories and 23.2% (12.3%-33.9%) for MMSAs. Adults having had a depressive disorder: 19.0% (9.6%-27.0%) for states and territories and 19.2% (9.9%-27.2%) for MMSAs. Adults with high blood pressure: 29.1% (24.2%-39.9%) for states and territories and 29.0% (19.7%-41.0%) for MMSAs. Adults with high blood cholesterol: 31.8% (27.1%-37.3%) for states and territories and 31.4% (23.2%-42.0%) for MMSAs. Adults aged ≥45 years who have had coronary heart disease: 10.3% (7.2%-16.8%) for states and territories and 10.1% (4.7%-17.8%) for MMSAs. Adults aged ≥45 years who have had a stroke: 4.9% (2.5%-7.5%) for states and territories and 4.7% (2.1%-8.4%) for MMSAs., Interpretation: The prevalence of health care access and use, health-risk behaviors, and chronic health conditions varied by state, territory, and MMSA. The data in this report underline the importance of continuing to monitor chronic diseases, health-risk behaviors, and access to and use of health care in order to assist in the planning and evaluation of public health programs and policies at the state, territory, and MMSA level., Public Health Action: State and local health departments and agencies and others interested in health and health care can continue to use BRFSS data to identify groups with or at high risk for chronic conditions, unhealthy behaviors, and limited health care access and use. BRFSS data also can be used to help design, implement, monitor, and evaluate health-related programs and policies., Competing Interests: No conflicts of interest were reported.
- Published
- 2018
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45. Surveillance for Certain Health Behaviors and Conditions Among States and Selected Local Areas - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2013 and 2014.
- Author
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Gamble S, Mawokomatanda T, Xu F, Chowdhury PP, Pierannunzi C, Flegel D, Garvin W, and Town M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, District of Columbia epidemiology, Female, Guam epidemiology, Health Services Accessibility statistics & numerical data, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Preventive Health Services statistics & numerical data, Puerto Rico epidemiology, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Chronic Disease epidemiology, Health Behavior, Population Surveillance, Risk-Taking
- Abstract
Problem: Chronic diseases and conditions (e.g., heart diseases, stroke, arthritis, and diabetes) are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. These conditions are costly to the U.S. economy, yet they are often preventable or controllable. Behavioral risk factors (e.g., excessive alcohol consumption, tobacco use, poor diet, frequent mental distress, and insufficient sleep) are linked to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Adopting positive health behaviors (e.g., staying physically active, quitting tobacco use, obtaining routine physical checkups, and checking blood pressure and cholesterol levels) can reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases and conditions. Monitoring the health risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services at multilevel public health points (states, territories, and metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas [MMSA]) can provide important information for development and evaluation of health intervention programs., Reporting Period: 2013 and 2014., Description of the System: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit-dialed telephone survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged ≥18 years residing in the United States. BRFSS collects data on health risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services and practices related to the leading causes of death and disability in the United States and participating territories. This is the first BRFSS report to include age-adjusted prevalence estimates. For 2013 and 2014, these age-adjusted prevalence estimates are presented for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, and selected MMSA., Results: Age-adjusted prevalence estimates of health status indicators, health care access and preventive practices, health risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, and cardiovascular conditions vary by state, territory, and MMSA. Each set of proportions presented refers to the range of age-adjusted prevalence estimates of selected BRFSS measures as reported by survey respondents. The following are estimates for 2013. Adults reporting frequent mental distress: 7.7%-15.2% in states and territories and 6.3%-19.4% in MMSA. Adults with inadequate sleep: 27.6%-49.2% in states and territories and 26.5%-44.4% in MMSA. Adults aged 18-64 years having health care coverage: 66.9%-92.4% in states and territories and 60.5%-97.6% in MMSA. Adults identifying as current cigarette smokers: 10.1%-28.8% in states and territories and 6.1%-33.6% in MMSA. Adults reporting binge drinking during the past month: 10.5%-25.2% in states and territories and 7.2%-25.3% in MMSA. Adults with obesity: 21.0%-35.2% in states and territories and 12.1%-37.1% in MMSA. Adults aged ≥45 years with some form of arthritis: 30.6%-51.0% in states and territories and 27.6%-52.4% in MMSA. Adults aged ≥45 years who have had coronary heart disease: 7.4%-17.5% in states and territories and 6.2%-20.9% in MMSA. Adults aged ≥45 years who have had a stroke: 3.1%-7.5% in states and territories and 2.3%-9.4% in MMSA. Adults with high blood pressure: 25.2%-40.1% in states and territories and 22.2%-42.2% in MMSA. Adults with high blood cholesterol: 28.8%-38.4% in states and territories and 26.3%-39.6% in MMSA. The following are estimates for 2014. Adults reporting frequent physical distress: 7.8%-16.0% in states and territories and 6.2%-18.5% in MMSA. Women aged 21-65 years who had a Papanicolaou test during the past 3 years: 67.7%-87.8% in states and territories and 68.0%-94.3% in MMSA. Adults aged 50-75 years who received colorectal cancer screening on the basis of the 2008 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation: 42.8%-76.7% in states and territories and 49.1%-79.6% in MMSA. Adults with inadequate sleep: 28.4%-48.6% in states and territories and 25.4%-45.3% in MMSA. Adults reporting binge drinking during the past month: 10.7%-25.1% in states and territories and 6.7%-26.3% in MMSA. Adults aged ≥45 years who have had coronary heart disease: 8.0%-17.1% in states and territories and 7.6%-19.2% in MMSA. Adults aged ≥45 years with some form of arthritis: 31.2%-54.7% in states and territories and 28.4%-54.7% in MMSA. Adults with obesity: 21.0%-35.9% in states and territories and 19.7%-42.5% in MMSA., Interpretation: Prevalence of certain chronic diseases and conditions, health risk behaviors, and use of preventive health services varies among states, territories, and MMSA. The findings of this report highlight the need for continued monitoring of health status, health care access, health behaviors, and chronic diseases and conditions at state and local levels., Public Health Action: State and local health departments and agencies can continue to use BRFSS data to identify populations at risk for certain unhealthy behaviors and chronic diseases and conditions. Data also can be used to design, monitor, and evaluate public health programs at state and local levels.
- Published
- 2017
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46. A Methodological Approach to Small Area Estimation for the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System.
- Author
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Pierannunzi C, Xu F, Wallace RC, Garvin W, Greenlund KJ, Bartoli W, Ford D, Eke P, and Town GM
- Subjects
- Humans, Public Health standards, Reproducibility of Results, Small-Area Analysis, United States, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Population Surveillance methods, Prevalence, Public Health statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Public health researchers have used a class of statistical methods to calculate prevalence estimates for small geographic areas with few direct observations. Many researchers have used Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data as a basis for their models. The aims of this study were to 1) describe a new BRFSS small area estimation (SAE) method and 2) investigate the internal and external validity of the BRFSS SAEs it produced. The BRFSS SAE method uses 4 data sets (the BRFSS, the American Community Survey Public Use Microdata Sample, Nielsen Claritas population totals, and the Missouri Census Geographic Equivalency File) to build a single weighted data set. Our findings indicate that internal and external validity tests were successful across many estimates. The BRFSS SAE method is one of several methods that can be used to produce reliable prevalence estimates in small geographic areas.
- Published
- 2016
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47. Surveillance for Certain Health Behaviors, Chronic Diseases, and Conditions, Access to Health Care, and Use of Preventive Health Services Among States and Selected Local Areas - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2012.
- Author
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Chowdhury PP, Mawokomatanda T, Xu F, Gamble S, Flegel D, Pierannunzi C, Garvin W, and Town M
- Subjects
- Adult, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Female, Humans, Male, United States epidemiology, Chronic Disease epidemiology, Health Behavior, Health Services Accessibility statistics & numerical data, Population Surveillance, Preventive Health Services statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Problem: Chronic diseases (e.g., heart diseases, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease, stroke, diabetes, and arthritis) and unintentional injuries are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Behavioral risk factors (e.g., tobacco use, poor diet, physical inactivity, excessive alcohol consumption, failure to use seat belts, and insufficient sleep) are linked to the leading causes of death. Modifying these behavioral risk factors and using preventive health services (e.g., cancer screenings and influenza and pneumococcal vaccination of adults aged ≥65 years) can substantially reduce morbidity and mortality in the U.S., Population: Continuous monitoring of these health-risk behaviors, chronic conditions, and use of preventive services are essential to the development of health promotion strategies, intervention programs, and health policies at the state, city, and county level., Reporting Period: January-December 2012., Description of the System: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit-dialed landline- and cellular-telephone survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged ≥18 years residing in the United States. BRFSS collects data on health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services related to the leading causes of death and disability. This report presents results for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, participating U.S. territories that include the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Puerto Rico) and Guam, 187 Metropolitan/Micropolitan Statistical Areas (MMSAs), and 210 counties (n = 475,687 survey respondents) for the year 2012., Results: In 2012, the estimated prevalence of health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases or conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services substantially varied by state and territory, MMSA, and county. The following portion of the abstract lists a summary of results by selected BRFSS measures. Each set of proportions refers to the range of estimated prevalence for health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases or conditions, and use of preventive health care services among geographical units, as reported by survey respondents. Adults with good or better health: 64.0%-88.3% for states and territories, 62.7%-90.5% for MMSAs, and 68.1%-92.4% for counties. Adults aged 18-64 years with health care coverage: 64.2%-93.1% for states and territories, 35.4%- 93.7% for MMSAs, and 35.4%-96.7% for counties. Adults who received a routine physical checkup during the preceding 12 months: 55.7%-80.1% for states and territories, 50.6%-85.0% for MMSAs, and 52.4%-85.0% for counties. An influenza vaccination received during the preceding 12 months among adults aged ≥65 years: 26.3%-70.1% for states and territories, 20.8%-77.8% for MMSAs, and 24.1%-77.6% for counties. Ever received pneumococcal vaccination among adults aged ≥65 years: 22.2%-76.2% for states and territories, 15.3%-83.4% for MMSAs, and 25.8%-85.2% for counties. Adults who had a dental visit in the past year: 53.7%-76.2% for states and territories, and 44.8%-81.7% for MMSAs and counties. Adults aged ≥65 years who have lost all of their natural teeth from tooth decay or gum disease: 7.0%-33.7% for states and territories, 5.8%-39.6% for MMSAs, and 5.8%-37.1% for counties. Adults aged 50-75 years who received a colorectal cancer screening on the basis of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation: 40.0%-76.4% for states and territories, 47.1%-80.7% for MMSAs, and 47.0%-81.0% for counties. Women aged 21-65 years who had a Papanicolaou test during the preceding 3 years: 68.5% to 89.6% for states and territories, 70.3% to 92.8% for MMSAs, and 65.7%-94.6% for counties. Women aged 50-74 years who had a mammogram during the preceding 2 years: 66.5%- 89.7% for states and territories, 61.1%-91.5% for MMSAs, and 61.8%-91.6% for counties. Current cigarette smoking among adults: 10.6%-28.3% for states and territories, 5.1%-30.1% for MMSAs, and 5.1%-28.3% for counties. Binge drinking among adults during the preceding month: 10.2%-25.2% for states and territories, 6.2%-28.1% for MMSAs, and 6.2%-29.5% for counties. Heavy drinking among adults during the preceding month: 3.5%-8.5% for states and territories, 2.0%-11.0% for MMSAs, and 1.9%-11.0% for counties. Adults who reported no leisure-time physical activity: 16.3%-42.4% for states and territories, 9.2%-47.3% for MMSAs, and 9.2%-39.0% for counties. Self- reported seat belt use: 62.0%-93.7% for states and territories, 54.1%-97.1% for MMSAs, and 50.1%-97.4% for counties. Adults who were obese: 20.5%-34.7% for states and territories, 14.8%-44.5% for MMSAs and counties. Adults with diagnosed diabetes: 7.0%-16.4% for states and territories, 3.4%-17.4% for MMSAs, and 3.1%-17.4% for counties. Adults who ever had any type of cancer: 3.0%-13.7% for states and territories, 3.8%-19.2% for MMSAs, and 4.5%-19.2% for counties. Adults with current asthma: 5.8%-11.1% for states and territories, 3.1%-15.0% for MMSAs, and 3.1%-15.7% for counties. Adults with some form of arthritis: 15.6%-36.4% for states and territories, 16.8%-45.8% for MMSAs, and 14.8%-35.9% for counties. Adults having had a depressive disorder: 9.0%-23.5% for states and territories, 9.2%-28.3% for MMSAs, and 8.5%-28.4% for counties. Adults aged ≥45 years who have had coronary heart disease: 7.4%-19.0% for states and territories, 6.1%-23.3% for MMSAs, and 6.1%-20.6% for counties. Adults aged ≥45 years who have had a stroke: 3.1%-7.3% for states and territories, 2.1%-9.3% for MMSAs, and 1.5%-9.3% for counties. Adults with limited activities because of physical, mental, or emotional problems: 15.0%-28.6% for states and territories, 12.0%-31.7% for MMSAs, and 11.3%-31.7% for counties. Adults using special equipment because of any health problem: 4.8%-11.6% for states and territories, 4.0%-14.7% for MMSAs, and 2.8%-13.6% for counties., Interpretation: This report underscores the need for continuous surveillance of health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases or conditions, health care access, and use of preventive care services at state and local levels. It will help to identify high-risk populations and to evaluate public health intervention programs and policies designed to reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic disease and injury., Public Health Action: State and local health departments and agencies can continue to use BRFSS data to identify populations at high risk for unhealthy behaviors and chronic diseases or conditions, lack of health care access, and inadequate use of preventive care services. Additionally, states can use the data to design, implement, monitor, and evaluate public health programs and policies at state and local levels.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Desmoid tumor mimicking GIST recurrence.
- Author
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Nandy N, Garvin W, Mesologites TL, Silver JS, and Dasanu CA
- Subjects
- Diagnosis, Differential, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms diagnosis, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms therapy, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors diagnosis, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors therapy, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local diagnosis, Retrospective Studies, Fibromatosis, Aggressive pathology, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms pathology, Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors pathology, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local pathology
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Surveillance for certain health behaviors among states and selected local areas--Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2011.
- Author
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Xu F, Mawokomatanda T, Flegel D, Pierannunzi C, Garvin W, Chowdhury P, Salandy S, Crawford C, and Town M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Chronic Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Preventive Health Services statistics & numerical data, Small-Area Analysis, United States, Health Behavior, Population Surveillance, Risk-Taking
- Abstract
Problem: Chronic conditions (e.g., heart diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, malignant neoplasms, and diabetes), infectious diseases (e.g., influenza and pneumonia), and unintentional injuries are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Adopting positive health behaviors (e.g., staying physically active, quitting tobacco use, always wearing seatbelts in automobiles) and accessing preventive health-care services (e.g., getting routine physical checkups, receiving recommended vaccinations on appropriate schedules, checking blood pressure and cholesterol and maintaining them at healthy levels) can reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic and infectious diseases. Monitoring the health-risk behaviors of a community's residents as well as their participation in and access to health-care services provides information critical to the development and maintenance of intervention programs as well as the implementation of strategies and health policies that address public health problems at the levels of state and territory, metropolitan and micropolitan statistical area (MMSA), and county., Reporting Period: January-December 2011., Description of the System: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an ongoing, state-based, random-digit-dialed telephone survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged ≥18 years residing in the United States. BRFSS collects data on health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services and practices related to the leading causes of death and disabilities in the United States. In 2011, BRFSS adopted a new weighting methodology (iterative proportional fitting, or raking) and for the first time included data from respondents who solely use cellular telephones (i.e., do not use landlines). This report presents results for the year 2011 for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and participating U.S. territories including the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and Guam, 198 MMSAs, and 224 counties., Results: In 2011, the estimated prevalence of health-risk behaviors, chronic conditions, access to health care, and use of preventive health services substantially varied by state and territory, MMSA, and county. The following portion of this abstract summarizes selected results by some BRFSS measures. Each set of proportions refers to the range of estimated prevalence of the behaviors, diseases, or use of preventive health-care services as reported by survey respondents. Adults with good or better health: 65.5%-88.0% for states and territories, 72.0%-92.4% for MMSAs, and 74.3%-94.2% for counties. Adults aged <65 years with health-care coverage: 65.4%-92.3% for states and territories, 66.8%-94.7% for MMSAs, and 61.3%-95.6% for counties. Influenza vaccination received during the preceding 12 months among adults aged ≥65 years: 28.6%-70.2% for states and territories, 42.0% -80.0% for MMSAs, and 41.1%-78.2% for counties. Adults meeting the federal physical activity recommendations for both aerobic physical activity and muscle-strengthening activity: 8.5%-27.3% for states and territories, 7.3%-32.0% for MMSAs, and 11.0%-32.0% for counties. Current cigarette smokers: 11.8%-30.5% for states and territories, 8.4%-30.6% for MMSAs, and 8.1%-35.2% for counties. Binge drinking during the last month: 10.0%-25.0% for states and territories, 7.0%-32.5% for MMSAs, and 7.0%-32.5% for counties. Adults always wearing seatbelts while driving or riding in a car: 63.9%-94.1% for states and territories, 51.8%-96.9% for MMSAs, and 51.8%-97.0% for counties. Adults aged ≥18 who were obese: 20.7%-34.9% for states and territories, 15.1%-37.2% for MMSAs, and 15.1%-41.0% for counties. Adults with diagnosed diabetes: 6.7%-13.5% for states and territories, 3.9%-15.9% for MMSAs, and 3.5%-18.3% for counties. Adults with current asthma: 4.3%-12.1% for states and territories, 2.9%-14.1% for MMSAs, and 2.9%-15.6% for counties. Adults aged ≥45 years who have had coronary heart disease: 7.1%-16.2% for states and territories, 5.0%-19.4% for MMSAs, and 3.9%-18.5% for counties. Adults using special equipment because of any health problem: 5.1%-11.3% for states and territories, 3.9%-13.2% for MMSAs, and 2.4%-14.7% for counties., Interpretation: Because of the recent change in the BRFSS methodology, the results should not be compared with those from previous years. The findings in this report indicate that substantial variations exist in the reported health-risk behaviors, chronic diseases, disabilities, access to health-care services, and the use of preventive health services among U.S. adults at state and territory, MMSA, and county levels. The findings underscore the continued need for surveillance of health-risk behaviors, chronic conditions, and use of preventive health-care services as well as surveillance-informed programs designed to help improve health-related risk behaviors, levels of chronic disease and disability, and the access to and use of preventive services and health-care resources., Public Health Action: State and local health departments and agencies can continue to use BRFSS data to identify populations at high risk for certain unhealthy behaviors and chronic conditions. Additionally, they can use the data to inform the design, implementation, direction, monitoring, and evaluation of public health programs, policies, and use of preventive services that can lead to a reduction in morbidity and mortality among U.S. residents.
- Published
- 2014
50. Surveillance of certain health behaviors and conditions among states and selected local areas --- Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2009.
- Author
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Li C, Balluz LS, Okoro CA, Strine TW, Lin JM, Town M, Garvin W, Murphy W, Bartoli W, and Valluru B
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, Chronic Disease prevention & control, Female, Humans, Insurance Coverage statistics & numerical data, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Risk-Taking, United States epidemiology, Young Adult, Chronic Disease epidemiology, Health Behavior, Health Status, Life Style, Population Surveillance, Preventive Health Services statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Problem: Chronic diseases and conditions (e.g., heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes) are the leading causes of death in the United States. Controlling health risk behaviors and conditions (e.g., smoking, physical inactivity, poor diet, excessive drinking, and obesity) and using preventive health-care services (e.g., physical examination, vaccination, screening for high blood pressure and high cholesterol, consumption of fruits and vegetables, and participation in regular leisure-time physical activity) can reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic diseases., Reporting Period: January 2009--December 2009., Description of the System: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) is an ongoing state-based random-digit--dialed telephone survey of noninstitutionalized adults aged ≥18 years residing in the United States. BRFSS collects data on health risk behaviors and conditions, chronic diseases and conditions, access to health care, and use of preventative health services and practices related to the leading causes of death and disabilities in the United States. This report presents results for 2009 for all 50 states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, 180 metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas (MMSAs), and 283 selected counties., Results: In 2009, the estimated prevalence of general health status, use of preventive health-care services, health risk behaviors and conditions, chronic diseases, and health impairments and disabilities varied substantially by state and territory, MMSA, and county. The following is a summary of results listed by BRFSS question topics. Each set of proportions refers to the range of estimated prevalence for the disease, condition, or behavior, as reported by the survey respondent. Adults who reported having fair or poor health: 10.1%--30.9% for states and territories, 7.9%--25.8% for MMSAs, and 4.5%--26.1% for counties. Adults with health-care coverage: 71.4%--94.7% for states and territories, 52.7%--96.3% for MMSAs, and 52.7%--97.6% for counties. Annual routine physical checkup among adults aged ≥18 years: 55.8%--79.3% for states and territories, 51.8%--80.7% for MMSAs, and 49.2%--83.5% for counties. Annual influenza vaccination among adults aged ≥65 years: 26.8%--76.8% for states and territories, 55.4%--81.4% for MMSAs, and 50.5%--83.5% for counties. Pneumococcal vaccination among adults aged ≥65 years: 19.1%--73.9% for states and territories, 52.9%--81.3% for MMSAs, and 41.9%--82.0% for counties. Adults who had their cholesterol checked within the preceding 5 years: 67.5%--85.3% for states and territories, 58.2%--88.8% for MMSAs, and 58.2%--92.4% for counties. Adults who consumed at least five servings of fruits and vegetables per day: 14.6%--31.5% for states and territories, 12.6%--33.0% for MMSAs, and 13.4%--34.9% for counties. Adults who engaged in moderate or vigorous physical activity: 28.0%--60.7% for states and territories, 34.6%--64.9% for MMSAs, and 33.6%--67.3% for counties. Adults who engaged in only vigorous physical activity: 13.7%--40.1% for states and territories, 13.8%--43.3% for MMSAs, and 14.2%--50.0% for counties. Current cigarette smoking among adults: 6.4%--25.6% for states and territories, 5.7%--29.0% for MMSAs, and 5.6%--29.8% for counties. Binge drinking among adults: 6.8%--23.9% for states and territories, 3.5%--23.2% for MMSAs, and 3.4%--26.3% for counties. Heavy drinking among adults: 1.9%--8.1% for states and territories, 1.0%--11.1% for MMSAs, and 0.9%--11.1% for counties. Adults who reported no leisure-time physical activity: 15.8%--45.6% for states and territories, 13.3%--40.2% for MMSAs, and 10.5%--40.2% for counties. Adults aged ≥18 years who were overweight: 31.6%--38.7% for states and territories, 28.7%--44.1% for MMSAs, and 25.6%--46.7% for counties. Adults aged ≥20 years who were obese: 19.7%--36.0% for states and territories, 15.4%--43.6% for MMSAs, and 13.8%--45.7% for counties. Adults aged ≥18 years who did not get enough rest or sleep: 34.3%--52.6% for states and territories, 28.2%--54.8% for MMSAs, and 24.5%--55.6% for counties. Adults who had received a high blood pressure diagnosis: 22.1%--38.5% for states and territories, 18.8%--43.9% for MMSAs, and 17.2%--43.6% for counties. Adults who had a high blood cholesterol diagnosis: 24.9%--42.2% for states and territories, 27.5%--47.8% for MMSAs, and 26.7%--51.4% for counties. Adults who had received a diagnosis of coronary heart disease: 2.5%--10.3% for states and territories, 2.6%--11.6% for MMSAs, and 1.6%--12.3% for counties. Adults who had received a stroke diagnosis: 1.4%--3.9% for states and territories, 0.8%--5.9% for MMSAs, and 0.8%--6.6% for counties. Adults who had received a diabetes diagnosis: 5.8%--12.9% for states and territories, 2.8%--15.4% for MMSAs, and 2.8%--14.7% for counties. Adults who had received a cancer diagnosis: 3.0%--12.6% for states and territories, 5.8%--15.1% for MMSAs, and 3.9%--16.2% for counties. Adults who had asthma: 4.4%--11.1% for states and territories, and 3.2%--15.3% for MMSAs, and 3.2%--15.7% for counties. Adults who had arthritis: 10.7%--35.6% for states and territories, 16.2%--36.0% for MMSAs, and 12.6%--39.4% for counties. Adults with activity limitation associated with physical, mental, or emotional problems: 10.2%--27.1% for states and territories, 13.1%--33.7% for MMSAs, and 10.4%--36.1% for counties. Adults who required special equipment because of health problems: 3.6%--10.2% for states and territories, 3.4%--11.5% for MMSAs, and 1.7%--13.0% for counties., Interpretation: The findings in this report indicate substantial variations in self-rated general health status, health-care coverage, use of preventive health-care services, health risk behaviors and health conditions, cardiovascular conditions, other chronic diseases, and health impairments and disabilities among U.S. adults at the state and territory, MMSA, and county levels. The findings show that Healthy People 2010 objectives had not been met in many areas by 2009, which underscores the continued need for surveillance of general health status, use of preventive health-care services, health risk behaviors and conditions, chronic diseases, and health impairment and disability., Public Health Action: Data on health risk behaviors, chronic health conditions, preventive care practices, and chronic diseases are used to develop health promotion activities, intervention programs, and health policies at the state, city, and county levels.. The overarching goals of Healthy People 2010 are to increase quality and years of healthy life and to eliminate health disparities. Local and state health departments and federal agencies should continue to use BRFSS data to identify populations at high risk for certain health risk behaviors and conditions, cardiovascular conditions, and other chronic diseases and to evaluate the use of preventive health-care services. In addition, BRFSS data can be used to direct, implement, monitor, and evaluate public health programs and policies that can lead to a reduction in morbidity and mortality.
- Published
- 2011
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