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2. New functional aspects of the neuroendocrine marker secretagogin based on the characterization of its rat homolog

Author

Gartner, W., Vila, G., Daneva, T., Nabokikh, A., Koc-Saral, F., Ilhan, A., Majdic, O., Luger, A., and Wagner, L.

Subjects
Binding proteins -- Research, Calcium channels -- Research, Cellular control mechanisms -- Research, Insulin -- Receptors, Insulin -- Research, Cell research, Biological sciences
Abstract

Secretagogin is a recently cloned human [beta]-cell-expressed EF-hand [Ca.sup.2+]-binding protein. Converging evidence indicates that it exerts [Ca.sup.2+] sensor activity and is involved in regulation of insulin synthesis and secretion. To obtain a potent tool for the extension of its functional analysis in rat in vitro systems, we cloned the rat homolog of human secretagogin. Using comparative sequence analysis, immunostaining, and immunoblotting, we demonstrated a high degree of sequence homology and similar tissue expression patterns of human and rat secretagogin. Highest rat secretagogin expression levels were found in pancreatic [beta]-cells. On the basis of newly generated anti-rat secretagogin antibodies, we established a rat secretagogin-specific sandwich capture ELISA and demonstrated release of secretagogin from viable Rin-5F cells. Dexamethasone treatment of Rin-5F cells resulted in an increased secretagogin release rate, which was inversely correlated with insulin secretion. In contrast, the secretagogin transcription rate was markedly reduced. This resulted in a decreased intracellular secretagogin content under the influence of dexamethasone. Sucrose gradient cell fractionation analysis of Rin-5F cells confirmed the predominant cytosolic localization of secretagogin, with only limited association of secretagogin with insulin granules. The loss of intracellular secretagogin alter dexamethasone treatment affected predominantly the insulin granule-associated secretagogin fractions. The sequence homology and the comparable tissue expression patterns of human and rat secretagogin indicate conserved intracellular functions. The effects of dexamethasone on the total secretagogin content in Rin-5F cells and on its intracellular distribution might result in an impaired [Ca.sup.2+] sensitivity of dexamethasone-treated insulin-secreting cells. EF-hand protein; insulin granules; dexamethasone; calcium sensor doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00055.2007

Published
2007

3. Mechanical coil structure of the FAIR SIS 100 magnets

Author

Moritz, G., Fischer, E., Khodzhibagiyan, H., Kovalenko, A., Nyilas, A., Burgmer, R., Krischel, D., Schmidt, P., Gartner, W., Gehring, M., Walter, W., and Wessner, A.

Subjects
Superconducting magnets -- Usage, Superconducting magnets -- Design and construction, Iron -- Magnetic properties, Finite element method -- Usage, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

The design and analysis of the mechanical structure of the Nuclotron-type SIS100 magnets are studied. Results suggest that the coil support structure is suitable for better stabilization of the coil, while also offering other advantages.

Published
2007

7. Destination marketing organisations

Author

Volo, S, Scott, N, Cooper, C, Gartner, W C, Pike, Steven, Volo, S, Scott, N, Cooper, C, Gartner, W C, and Pike, Steven

Abstract

The governments of most countries, states, cities and towns now contribute funding for tourism destination marketing and planning. Such funding generally supports two types of organisations. One category is a Ministry of Tourism, which is a government department primarily concerned with providing policy advice to government on planning issues related to the tourism sector. These bodies mostly operate at the national level. This chapter is concerned with the second category, which is destination marketing organisations (DMO), defined as an entity that is recognised as officially representing a geopolitical boundary for the purpose of developing and coordinating a holistic tourism marketing plan for the destination.

Published
2018

8. Tourism Crisis and Safety Management

Author

Cooper, C, Volo, S, Gartner, W, Scott, N, Beirman, D, Cooper, C, Volo, S, Gartner, W, Scott, N, and Beirman, D

Abstract

Safety and security have emerged as key issues in the global tourism industry at the destination dimension, the sectoral dimension and for individual tourism businesses. The prevalence of crime, terrorism, cyber security threats, medical and physical risks arising from human activity and natural phenomena are influential factors in the choices tourists make for destinations and products. Safety is now widely regarded as the key determinant in consumer choices of destinations and tourism products including accommodation, airlines, land and sea transport brands, attractions or the decision to participate in or attend events. Brazil’s hosting of the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro was subject to extensive and often negative coverage media related to crisis and safety management. The two key issues of concern for visiting international athletes and their supporters were Brazil’s high crime rate and the risk of contracting the Zika virus. Since the turn of the 21st century, tourism safety has evolved from being a management imperative for specific sectors of the tourism industry to an holistic management issue for destinations and all sectors of the tourism industry.(Pizam & Mansfeld 2006, Tarlow 2014).

Published
2018

15. Critical perspectives in entrepreneurship research

Author

Tedmanson, D., Verduyn, K., Essers, C., Gartner, W., Tedmanson, D., Verduyn, K., Essers, C., and Gartner, W.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 112209.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)

Published
2012

17. Reduced TGF-beta1 expression and its target genes in human insulinomas

Author

Nabokikh, A., Ilhan, A., Bilban, M., Gartner, W., Vila, G., Niederle, B., Nielsen, J.H., Wagner, O., Base, W., Luger, A., Wagner, L., Nabokikh, A., Ilhan, A., Bilban, M., Gartner, W., Vila, G., Niederle, B., Nielsen, J.H., Wagner, O., Base, W., Luger, A., and Wagner, L.

Abstract

Udgivelsesdato: 2007/11

Published
2007

21. Pilot workload and fatigue: A critical survey of concepts and assessment techniques

Author

Gartner, W. B and Murphy, M. R

Subjects
Man/System Technology And Life Support
Abstract

The principal unresolved issues in conceptualizing and measuring pilot workload and fatigue are discussed. These issues are seen as limiting the development of more useful working concepts and techniques and their application to systems engineering and management activities. A conceptual analysis of pilot workload and fatigue, an overview and critique of approaches to the assessment of these phenomena, and a discussion of current trends in the management of unwanted workload and fatigue effects are presented. Refinements and innovations in assessment methods are recommended for enhancing the practical significance of workload and fatigue studies.

Published
1976

34. Simulator evaluation of display concepts for pilot monitoring and control of space shuttle approach and landing. Phase 2: Manual flight control

Author

Gartner, W. B and Baldwin, K. M

Subjects
Biotechnology
Abstract

A study of the display requirements for final approach management of the space shuttle orbiter vehicle is presented. An experimental display concept, providing a more direct, pictorial representation of the vehicle's movement relative to the selected approach path and aiming points, was developed and assessed as an aid to manual flight path control. Both head-up, windshield projections and head-down, panel mounted presentations of the experimental display were evaluated in a series of simulated orbiter approach sequence. Data obtained indicate that the experimental display would enable orbiter pilots to exercise greater flexibility in implementing alternative final approach control strategies. Touchdown position and airspeed dispersion criteria were satisfied on 91 percent of the approach sequences, representing various profile and wind effect conditions. Flight path control and airspeed management satisfied operationally-relevant criteria for the two-segment, power-off orbiter approach and were consistently more accurate and less variable when the full set of experimental display elements was available to the pilot. Approach control tended to be more precise when the head-up display was used; however, the data also indicate that the head-down display would provide adequate support for the manual control task.

Published
1973

40. Doctoral Education in the Field of Entrepreneurship

Author

Brush, C. G., primary, Duhaime, I. M., additional, Gartner, W. B., additional, Stewart, A., additional, Katz, J. A., additional, Hitt, M. A., additional, Alvarez, S. A., additional, Meyer, G. D., additional, and Venkataraman, S., additional

Published
2003
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48. Role of the Triplet State in Retinal Photoisomerization As Studied by Laser-Induced Optoacoustic Spectroscopy

Author

Feis, A., Wegewijs, B., Gartner, W., and Braslavsky, S. E.

Abstract

Laser-induced optoacoustic spectroscopy (LIOAS) was applied to the study of 13-cis (13RT), 11-cis (11RT), and all-trans (trRT)-retinal photoisomerization in various n-alkanes. From the analysis of the LIOAS data in aerated and N2-saturated solutions of the three isomers, it is concluded that their triplet states undergo different relaxation pathways. Whereas trRT and 11RT produce long-lived triplet states that are quenched by oxygen, yielding O2(1Δg) with high efficiency, the 13RT triplet rapidly releases its excess energy by isomerization to the trRT isomer. Direct measurement of the near-IR emission from O2(1Δg) supports these conclusions. The quantum yield for O2(1Δg) production is 0.61 ± 0.05 for trRT, 0.27 ± 0.05 for 11RT (in each case similar to the respective yield of triplet formation, as detected by LIOAS), and <0.15 for the 13RT isomer (i.e., much smaller than its triplet yield). With this combination of techniques and the use of literature data, it was possible to elucidate the role of the triplet state in the photoisomerization reaction, which turned out to be different for each retinal isomer:  the trRT triplet is nonreactive and loses all its excess energy by intersystem crossing to the ground state, the 11RT triplet isomerizes to the trRT triplet, and the 13RT triplet isomerizes to the trRT ground state. Furthermore, the LIOAS data for 13RT appear to be solvent dependent in the range from n-pentane to n-hexadecane, which might be interpreted in terms of a structural volume change for the cis → trans (13RT → trRT) photoisomerization. Depending on the interpretation of the data, a contraction with a value between 33 and 130 mL/mol was calculated. However, the validity of this analysis was difficult to establish, and alternative explanations of the solvent dependence such as a variation of the isomerization quantum yield could not be ruled out, due to the intrinsic, relatively large error of the quantum yield determination.

Published
1997

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