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Each mental health discipline offers unique contributions to the development and operation of school-based mental health programs. The collaboration of professionals from different disciplines with each other, as well as with health and educational staff, is essential for service delivery in school settings. Conversely, interprofessional conflicts and turf issues can impede the development of effective school-based mental health programs. The authors, who represent counseling, nursing, psychiatry, psychology, and social work, discuss the roles and competencies of each profession in providing school-based mental health services. Training requirements within each discipline that relate to school mental health are described. Barriers to effective interdisciplinary collaboration, and methods of overcoming them, are delineated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine whether high school student-athletes who experienced more COVID-19 disruptions had increased anxiety, increased dejection, increased anger, decreased excitement, and decreased happiness as measured by the validated Sports Emotion Questionnaire (SEQ). During the COVID-19 pandemic high school student-athletes faced disruptions which resulted in cancelation of competitions, reduced in-person training sessions, and quarantine of athletes. The impact of these disruptions on the mental health and well-being of student-athletes is unknown. An anonymous cross-sectional online survey was electronically distributed to high school student-athletes in one school district during the spring of the 2020 to 21 academic year. Basic demographic questions, sport information, and personal and team disruptions were collected. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess correlation between each emotional domain on the SEQ with independent variables such as personal or teammate quarantines, cancelations, season, sport gender, indoor or outdoor location, and level of competition. 125 surveys were returned representing 28 different sports. Student-athletes who were personally quarantined (22.4%) during their athletic season experienced greater dejection (β = 0.78, P = .003) and greater anger (β = 0.78, P = .005). Those with teammates quarantined (61.6%) experienced more anxiety (β = 0.30, P = .048). Spring sports, which faced fewer restrictions, were associated with less anger (β = -0.48, P = .048). Student-athletes who were directly affected by COVID-19 disruptions experienced increased anxiety, more dejection, and more anger. Public health authorities and school districts should minimize disruptions to athletic participation using established COVID-19 safety protocols to avoid causing harm to athletes' social-emotional well-being. If athletics must be disrupted, student-athletes should receive wellness support and virtual or remote training options., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

The Atlantic gray whale ( Eschrichtius robustus ) presents an interesting case study of climate related dispersal and extinction. While (limited) fossil records confirm its presence in the Atlantic up until the 18th Century, its abundance and distribution within the Eastern and Western basins are still not well understood. The discovery of presumed gray whale fossil remains from the Georgia Bight and the Atlantic coast of Florida, from the mid-1980s to late-2000s, provides a new opportunity to recover additional data regarding their chronology within the Western basin. Here, we apply accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon techniques to six fossil whale finds, identifying dates within marine isotope stage 3 (59-24 ka) and the late Holocene, ∼2,000 yr BP. We additionally confirm the taxonomic identification of two fossil bone samples as E. robustus using collagen peptide mass fingerprinting (ZooMS). The obtained dates, when combined with a larger corpus of previously published Atlantic gray whale fossil dates, support the hypothesis for the decline of the Atlantic gray whale in the late Pleistocene and the late Holocene. These new data augment the findings of the Eastern Atlantic Basin and better incorporate the Western Atlantic Basin into a pan-ocean understanding for the species., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

This article offers a historical perspective on the contributions of the field of psychology and the American Psychological Association (APA) to the public policy arena. It traces APA's involvement from a 1956 Council of Representatives resolution on the application of psychology to inform public policy to current advocacy initiatives related to psychological science, practice, and education in the public interest. Attention is directed to APA's early policy structures together with the development of affiliated state, provincial, and territorial psychological associations and the first political action committee for psychology. The criteria for engagement in advocacy and the goals and functions of APA's policy and advocacy initiatives, including the APA Congressional and Executive Branch Science Fellowship Program, are also discussed. The evolution of psychology's public policy role is illustrated by an increasing level of federal advocacy engagement and effectiveness over time, as well as by the emergence of psychology leaders in Congress and the Executive Branch. The authors' concluding reflections on the future of psychology in the public policy arena derive from their many years of experience working on or with Capitol Hill, at APA as elected officials or senior staff, and in various roles in academia, think tanks, service delivery, and the private sector. (PsycINFO Database Record, ((c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved).)

Comments on the article "Joint principles: Integrating behavioral health care into the patient-centered medical home" (see record 2014-24217-011), presented by the Working Party Group on Integrated Behavioral Healthcare. The American Psychological Association (APA) shares concerns about the lack of reference to behavioral health care in the original 2007 Joint Principles of the Patient-Centered Medical Home for which this new document is intended to supplement but not replace. The decision to support the supplemental Joint Principles was not an easy one for APA, as there is one area of significant concern. That concern is related to the use of the term "physician-directed medical practice"

Study Design: Retrospective comparative study using prospectively collected data., Objective: To compare the rate of infection with and without the use of vancomycin powder application during posterior cervical instrumentation., Summary of Background Data: Surgical site infections (SSI) are a significant source of morbidity in multilevel posterior-instrumented fusions for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). Local delivery of antibiotics has been associated with decreased rates of SSI in posterior-instrumented fusions, but no study has addressed the effects of these measures on a population composed of exclusively multilevel posterior cervical instrumentation performed with decompression for CSM., Methods: All patients undergoing multilevel posterior decompression and instrumentation for CSM by a single surgeon from 2003-2011 were included. Post hoc analysis of prospectively collected data was analyzed comparing consecutive patients treated without the use of vancomycin powder with those treated after the initiation of vancomycin powder prophylaxis. Intervention cohort and controls were examined for differences in SSI rate, body mass index, neurological status, comorbidities, and complications., Results: A total of 112 patients were included in the study. Intervention (n = 40) and control (n = 72) groups were statistically similar with regard to age, body mass index, comorbidities, estimated blood loss, and operative time. Univariate analysis showed a significant decrease in infection rate in the intervention group (0%) compared with the control group (15%) in this high-risk population (P = 0.007; power = 81%). No adverse events were noted in the intervention group associated with the use of vancomycin powder., Conclusion: The local application of vancomycin was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of SSI in multilevel posterior cervical-instrumented fusions for CSM. This study supports the growing body of evidence that vancomycin powder placed in the wound can reduce the incidence of postoperative wound infections, and is the first that addresses this specific population., Level of Evidence: 2.

In the spring of 1999, a storm of controversy arose at the local, state, and national levels surrounding an article on the effects of child sexual abuse published in 1998 in Psychological Bulletin. The article was vehemently denounced by various media outlets, conservative grassroots organizations, members of the general public, state legislatures, and ultimately by the United States Congress. The authors chronicle these unprecedented events and related challenges faced by the American Psychological Association. The authors also describe the Association's efforts to resolve the crisis, while staunchly upholding academic freedom and scientific integrity, and review the lessons learned for the field of psychology.

This article highlights the value and utility of school-based mental health services in addressing the unmet mental health needs of Latino children and families in the United States. To better understand our nation's rapidly growing Latino population, such critical factors as demographic characteristics, cultural values, and family structure are examined. Special attention is devoted to the daunting challenges and resultant trauma experienced by many of these children and families who have recently immigrated to this country from war-torn home-lands in Central America. The mental health status of Latino children is addressed, along with various service delivery issues and psychotherapeutic modalities to facilitate their personal adjustment and social adaptation in a culturally sensitive manner. The article concludes with the presentation of an innovative school-based mental health program that offers a range of services of demonstrated effectiveness in aiding Latino children and their families. Specific strategies for replicating the program model in other culturally diverse settings are also discussed.

In northwest Missouri, Lithic stage flake tools struck from prepared cores have been excavated underlying a Paleo-Indian fluted point assemblage. These assemblages were in two different loesses of the last glaciation. Thermoluminescent analysis of stone tools dates the Paleo-Indian occupations at 8690 +/- 1000 B.C. and 12,855 +/- 1500 B.C.; the Lithic stage occupations must be older than 13,000 B.C. on the basis of geologic correlation, lithic analysis, and cultural stratigraphy.