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[ES] La finalidad de la presente indagación es aproximarse a la relación Escuela-Familia en los contextos rurales y urbanos e indagar si existen diferencias significativas entre ambos. Para llevarla a cabo, se aplica un diseño de metodología cualitativa. Como técnica de recogida de datos sobre la percepción de familias y docentes se realizan entrevistas, que son grabadas y transcritas. Tras identificar en las transcripciones las temáticas tratadas, a partir de ellas y de la contextualización teórica, se elabora el instrumento de análisis de los datos obtenidos: un árbol de indización con categorías y subcategorías. El análisis de los datos se realiza clasificando la información obtenida sobre cada una de las cuatro colectividades (familias y docentes de contexto rural y urbano) en las correspondientes subcategorías. Se establecen posteriormente comparaciones entre ellas. Los resultados se expresan con datos cuantitativos (frecuencias y porcentajes) y cualitativos (textuales). Se elaboran finalmente las conclusiones, estimando haber alcanzado los objetivos planteados y respondiendo afirmativamente a la pregunta de investigación “¿son diferentes las relaciones Escuela-Familia en contextos rurales y urbanos?”., [EN] This inquiry is for approaching to School-Family relationship in rural and urban contexts and inquiring if there are significant differences between both of them. A qualitative methodology design is applied in order to carry it out. As a data collection technique about families and teachers’ perception, interviews are performed, recorded and transcribed. After identifying the topics discussed in the transcriptions, based on them and the theoretical contextualization, the instrument for analysing the data obtained is elaborated: an indexing tree with categories and subcategories. Data analysis is realized classifying the information obtained on each of the four communities (families and teachers from rural and urban context) into the correspondent subcategories. Then, comparisons between them are established. Results are expressed with quantitative (frequencies and percentages) and qualitative data (textual). Conclusions are finally developed, having achieved the set objectives and answering affirmatively to the research question: “are School-Family relationships different in rural and urban contexts?”.

Cross-border medical care, defined as care facilitated by a local health provider under pre-established regional agreements as in the case of EU citizens accessing care within EU countries, has been on the rise. Unlike medical tourism, typically sought by patients through their own volition and paid for out-of-pocket, cross-border medical care is often reimbursable or paid for directly by the responsible government. Yet, because nations vary in the extent of health coverage offered to their residents, these expenditures are often only partially reimbursed. The resulting financial burden for some countries can be large and not reciprocal, straining regional and country-level finances. We analyze the effectiveness of a legislative measure adopted by a Spanish region in January 2012 with the purpose of curbing cross-border medical care. Using a comprehensive administrative dataset of all medical procedures performed in the country between 2008 and 2015, we find that the measure led to a drastic drop in the number of foreigners’ hospitalizations and a reduction of 4.8 million euros/trimester in costs. Finally, the decrease in hospitalizations did not disproportionally affect patients based on their gender, age, or origin; although it fostered a reduction in scheduled hospitalizations, as would be expected.

Nocardia species, one of the most predominant Actinobacteria of the soil microbiota, cause infection in humans following traumatic inoculation or inhalation. The identification, typing, phylogenetic relationship and antimicrobial susceptibilities of 38 soil Nocardia strains from Lara State, Venezuela, were studied by 16S rRNA and gyrB (subunit B of topoisomerase II) genes, multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and microdilution. The results were compared with those for human strains. Just seven Nocardia species with one or two strains each, except for Nocardia cyriacigeorgica with 29, were identified. MLSA confirmed the species assignments made by 16S rRNA and gyrB analyses (89.5% and 71.0% respectively), and grouped each soil strain with its corresponding reference and clinical strains, except for 19 N. cyriacigeorgica strains found at five locations which grouped into a soil-only cluster. The soil strains of N. cyriacigeorgica showed fewer gyrB haplotypes than the examined human strains (13 vs. 17) but did show a larger number of gyrB SNPs (212 vs. 77). Their susceptibilities to antimicrobials were similar except for beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, minocycline, and clarithromycin, with the soil strains more susceptible to the first three (p &le, 0.05). WGS was performed on four strains belonging to the soil-only cluster and on two outside it, and the results compared with public N. cyriacigeorgica genomes. The average nucleotide/amino acid identity, in silico genome-to-genome hybridization similarity, and the difference in the genomic GC content, suggest that some strains of the soil-only cluster may belong to a novel subspecies or even a new species (proposed name Nocardia venezuelensis).

Treballs Finals de Grau de Llengües i Literatures Modernes: Anglès i Espanyol. Facultat de Filologia. Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2019-2020, Tutora: Cristina Alsina Rísquez, [eng] In The Professor’s House, St. Peter undergoes a queer journey, which starts when he meets Tom Outland. Their bond manages to disrupt the heteronormative structure of the family, a space that St. Peter queer body can no longer occupy. Several years after Tom is gone, a grieving St. Peter digs up Tom’s diary, which will lead him to a trip down memory lane, and, at the end of the novel, to the realisation of everything he has really lost, which he will only be able to face through the letting go of desire and love. Therefore, the aim of this project is to show that what the novel is trying to tell us is that there are other ways in which we come together, and that sometimes we need to queer the line to find our path., [spa] En The Professor’s House, St. Peter emprende un camino de transformación, que comienza cuando conoce a Tom Outland. Su vínculo consigue perturbar la estructura heteronormativa de la familia, un espacio que el cuerpo queer de St. Peter ya no puede ocupar. Varios años más tarde, aún en duelo tras la muerte de Tom, St. Peter desentierra el diario de Tom, el cual lo lleva a un viaje por los lugares más recónditos de su memoria, y a darse cuenta, finalmente, de todo lo que realmente ha perdido, algo que solo podrá afrontar mediante el abandono del deseo y el amor. Así pues, el objetivo de este proyecto es mostrar que lo que la novela está tratando de decirnos es que hay otras formas de unirnos y amarnos, y que a veces debemos desviarnos de las líneas rectas para encontrar nuestro camino.

[Resumen] El objetivo de este proyecto consiste en el desarrollo de una aplicación móvil multiplataforma para ayudar a la gestión de la atención al público de un taller mecánico dando soporte a la asignación de citas previas y a la recepción de facturas. La aplicación permitirá la creación de usuarios y sus vehículos, la concertación de revisiones periódicas o reparaciones puntuales, así como la generación de facturas para que los usuarios las puedan consultar desde sus dispositivos en el momento en el que estén disponibles. El sistema está basado en una API REST que da acceso a la lógica de negocio, y se ha implementa usando tecnologías J2EE y apoyándose en el framework Spring MVC. Se utiliza PostgresSQL como base de datos relacional para persisitir los datos de la aplicación. Para la parte del frontend se ha elegido Ionic framework, que permite a la aplicación móvil ser multiplataforma, esto es, poderse ejecutar indiferentemente en Android, iOS o Windows Phone. [Abstract] The goal of this project is the development of a multi-platform mobile application to help manage the customer service of a garage by supporting the assignment of appointments and the management of bills. The application will allow the creation of users and their vehicles, the arrangement of periodic checks or specific repairs, as well as the generation of bills that users can consult from their devices as soon as they are available. The system is based on a REST API that gives access to business logic, and has been implemented using J2EE technologies and supported by the Spring MVC framework. PostgresSQL is used as a relational database to persist the data of the application. For the frontend part, the Ionic framework has been selected, which allows the mobile application to be multiplatform, and run independently on Android, iOS or Windows Phone. Traballo fin de grao (UDC.FIC). Enxeñaría informática. Curso 2019/2020

In an effort to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries around the globe adopted social distancing measures. Previous studies have relied on the geographical and temporal variation in the adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to show that early adoption of NPIs is correlated to lower infection and mortality rates. However, due to the non-random adoption of NPIs, the findings may not be interpreted as causal. We address this limitation using a different source of identification –namely, the regional variation in the placement on the pandemic curve at the time of a nationwide lockdown. Our results reveal how, relative to regions for which the lockdown arrived 10+ days after the pandemic's outbreak, regions where the outbreak had just started were able to lower their daily fatality rate by 2.5 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. We also provide suggestive evidence of contagion deceleration as the main mechanism behind the effectiveness of the early adoption of NPIs in lowering the death rate, rather than increased healthcare capacity.

We examine the fertility impact of a change in immigration policy granting temporary legal status to undocumented immigrants based on their offspring nationality. The policy, intended to facilitate family reunification, was enacted in a 2011 Royal Decree in Spain. It recognized the ability for undocumented parents to become temporary legal residents if they had a Spanish child under the age of 18. Using data from the Spanish Labor Force Survey for the 2007 through 2016 period, along with a quasi-experimental approach that exploits the change in legal residency eligibility requirements, we show that the 2011 Royal Decree increased fertility among individuals potentially affected by the reform by approximately 32 percent.

En esta tesis se estudian temas de educación y economía laboral. Por un lado, el primer capítulo tiene como objetivo estimar el efecto causal de la educación en las actitudes acerca del rol de género (en concreto, si las mujeres tienen que abandonar el mercado laboral para cuidar de la familia, y si los hombres tienen más derecho que las mujeres a un empleo). Para ello, utilizo reformas educativas que aumentan el número de años de educación obligatoria para obtener una fuente de variación exógena que se puede utilizar como un instrumento para la educación. Utilizando datos de la Encuesta Social Europea para 14 países europeos, observamos que las reformas educativas ciertamente aumentan los años de escolaridad, pero solo para personas de una familia con bajo nivel educativo (en particular, las mujeres). Los resultados indican que, para este grupo, un año adicional de educación reduce significativamente la probabilidad de estar de acuerdo con el rol tradicional de género de las mujeres en más de 11 puntos porcentuales. El segundo capítulo estudia el impacto en la fertilidad de una política que otorga a los migrantes un estatus legal basado en la nacionalidad de su descendencia. Nuestra atención se centra en España, donde el Real Decreto de 2011 reconoció la capacidad de los padres indocumentados para convertirse en residentes legales en caso de tener un niño español menor de 18 años. Usando un enfoque cuasi-experimental que explota el cambio en los requisitos de elegibilidad de residencia legal, mostramos que el Real Decreto de 2011 incrementó la fertilidad entre las personas potencialmente afectadas por la reforma en aproximadamente el 34 por ciento. En el tercer capítulo, estudio el fenómeno de la sobreeducación en España. La sobreeducación, definida como tener un nivel educativo superior al que es necesario para el trabajo, es un fenómeno del mercado laboral que tiene una incidencia especial en España. En principio, la sobreeducación no tiene por qué ser un problema si es transitoria, pero cuando se vuelve persistente puede ocasionar importantes efectos negativos en la economía. Este artículo investiga la persistencia de la sobreeducación mediante la explotación de datos de la Muestra Continua Vidas Laborales aplicando modelos de duración. Al controlar por las características observadas, encuentro evidencia a favor de la hipótesis que sostiene que la sobreeducación es un fenómeno persistente en España.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to explore the clinical distribution, by species, of the genus Nocardia and to assess the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the 10 most prevalent species identified in Spain. Methods: Over a 10 year period (2005-14), 1119 Nocardia strains were molecularly identified and subjected to the Etest. The distribution and resistance trends over the sub-periods 2005-09 and 2010-14 were also examined. Results: Of the strains examined, 82.9% belonged to the following species: Nocardia cyriacigeorgica (25.3%), Nocardia nova (15.0%), Nocardia abscessus (12.7%), Nocardia farcinica (11.4%), Nocardia carnea (4.3%), Nocardia brasiliensis (3.5%), Nocardia otitidiscaviarum (3.1%), Nocardia flavorosea (2.6%), Nocardia rhamnosiphila (2.6%) and Nocardia transvalensis (2.4%). Their prevalence values were similar during 2005-09 and 2010-14, except for those of N. abscessus , N. farcinica and N. transvalensis , which fell significantly in the second sub-period ( P ≤ 0.05). The major location of isolation was the respiratory tract (∼86%). Half (13/27) of all strains from the CNS were N. farcinica . Significant differences in MIC results were recorded for some species between the two sub-periods. According to the CLSI's breakpoints, low resistance rates (≤15%) were recorded for seven species with respect to cefotaxime, imipenem and tobramycin; five species showed similar rates with respect to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Linezolid and amikacin were the most frequently active agents. Conclusion: The accurate identification of the infecting species and the determination of its susceptibility to antimicrobial agents, given the large number of strains with atypical patterns, are crucial if patients with nocardiosis are to be successfully treated. This study was supported by the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, managed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and the Ministerio de Economía y Competividad (projects PY1446/11 and MPY-1278/15). N. G. was supported by a grant awarded under the former project. Sí

La transición democrática ha suscitado un amplio interés académico y público en torno a los acontecimientos surgidos durante dicho periodo histórico. La muerte de Francisco Franco, el nombramiento de Adolfo Suárez como presidente del Gobierno en julio de 1976, las elecciones generales de junio de 1977 y el referéndum constitucional y la entrada en vigor de la Constitución Española de 1978 se han convertido en elementos clave en dicho proceso democratizador. Los medios de comunicación han supuesto un punto de partida para informar a la población, en especial los periódicos locales, como el Diario Palentino, el cual informó a través de sus páginas de lo que sucedía en cada momento clave. En este punto influye el conocimiento de la agenda del medio, afectada por los acontecimientos y monopolizada en algunos casos debido a las noticias nacionales. No solo las piezas periodísticas informativas fueron relevantes en este periodo, sino también la opinión, bien del propio medio o bien de los colaboradores del medio. PALABRAS CLAVE: Transición democrática, Diario Palentino, agenda setting, teoría del framing, Franco,Suárez, Constitución, medios de comunicación, prensa, noticias, información., Departamento de Historia Moderna, Contemporánea y de América, Periodismo y Comunicación Audiovisual y Publicidad, Grado en Periodismo