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128 results on '"Garrido, Myriam"'

1. Comparison of Kaposi Sarcoma Risk in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Adults Across 5 Continents: A Multiregional Multicohort Study

Author

Judd, Ali, Zangerle, Robert, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Julia, Del Amo, Obel, Niels, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella d’Arminio, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Jose M, Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia, Sabin, Caroline, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, de Wit, Stéphane, Costagliola, Dominique, d’Arminio-Monforte, Antonella, del Amo, Julia, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Rojo, Conejo Pablo, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Campbell, Maria, Frederiksen, Casper M, Friis-Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Brandt, Rikke Salbøl, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Davies, Mary-Anne, Dorrucci, Maria, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Grabar, Sophie, Guiguet, Marguerite, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Miro, Jose M, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Rohner, Eliane, and Schomaker, Michael

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Rare Diseases, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Infectious Diseases, HIV/AIDS, Infection, Adolescent, Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Cohort Studies, Female, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Sarcoma, Kaposi, Viral Load, Young Adult, AIDS-defining Cancer Project Working Group for IeDEA and COHERE in EuroCoord, HIV, Kaposi sarcoma, antiretroviral therapy, cohort study, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundWe compared Kaposi sarcoma (KS) risk in adults who started antiretroviral therapy (ART) across the Asia-Pacific, South Africa, Europe, Latin, and North America.MethodsWe included cohort data of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive adults who started ART after 1995 within the framework of 2 large collaborations of observational HIV cohorts. We present incidence rates and adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs).ResultsWe included 208140 patients from 57 countries. Over a period of 1066572 person-years, 2046 KS cases were diagnosed. KS incidence rates per 100000 person-years were 52 in the Asia-Pacific and ranged between 180 and 280 in the other regions. KS risk was 5 times higher in South African women (aHR, 4.56; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 2.73-7.62) than in their European counterparts, and 2 times higher in South African men (2.21; 1.34-3.63). In Europe, Latin, and North America KS risk was 6 times higher in men who have sex with men (aHR, 5.95; 95% CI, 5.09-6.96) than in women. Comparing patients with current CD4 cell counts ≥700 cells/µL with those whose counts were

Published
2017

2. Spatial risk mapping for rare disease with hidden Markov fields and variational EM

Author

Forbes, Florence, Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Azizi, Lamiae, Doyle, Senan, and Abrial, David

Subjects
Statistics - Applications
Abstract

Current risk mapping models for pooled data focus on the estimated risk for each geographical unit. A risk classification, that is, grouping of geographical units with similar risk, is then necessary to easily draw interpretable maps, with clearly delimited zones in which protection measures can be applied. As an illustration, we focus on the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) disease that threatened the bovine production in Europe and generated drastic cow culling. This example features typical animal disease risk analysis issues with very low risk values, small numbers of observed cases and population sizes that increase the difficulty of an automatic classification. We propose to handle this task in a spatial clustering framework using a nonstandard discrete hidden Markov model prior designed to favor a smooth risk variation. The model parameters are estimated using an EM algorithm and a mean field approximation for which we develop a new initialization strategy appropriate for spatial Poisson mixtures. Using both simulated and our BSE data, we show that our strategy performs well in dealing with low population sizes and accurately determines high risk regions, both in terms of localization and risk level estimation., Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOAS629 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)

Published
2013
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3. Quasi-conjugate Bayes estimates for GPD parameters and application to heavy tails modelling

Author

Diebolt, Jean, El-Aroui, Mhamed, Garrido, Myriam, and Girard, Stéphane

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

We present a quasi-conjugate Bayes approach for estimating Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) parameters, distribution tails and extreme quantiles within the Peaks-Over-Threshold framework. Damsleth conjugate Bayes structure on Gamma distributions is transfered to GPD. Posterior estimates are then computed by Gibbs samplers with Hastings-Metropolis steps. Accurate Bayes credibility intervals are also defined, they provide assessment of the quality of the extreme events estimates. An empirical Bayesian method is used in this work, but the suggested approach could incorporate prior information. It is shown that the obtained quasi-conjugate Bayes estimators compare well with the GPD standard estimators when simulated and real data sets are studied.

Published
2011

4. Local Convex Hull density and level set estimation

Author

Aaron, Catherine, Garrido, Myriam, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal (LMBP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), and INRAE, Université Clermont Auvergne

Subjects
[MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST]
Abstract

Let X n = {X 1 ,. .. , X n } ⊂ R D be an iid sample drawn with a unknown distribution P X associated to a density f and supported by S. We study the problem of estimating the density f. When the density is continuous with regard to the Lebesgue measure and under wide hypotheses, the proposed density estimator has a minimax local asymptotic behaviour when D ≤ 7, but also offers global warranties (whatever the dimension is). It allows to estimate the level sets of the density consistently, even for level sets that intersects the boundary. It is also easy to adapt it to the case of a distribution supported by a d-dimensional, smooth enough, sub-manifold of R D with similar convergence rates (depending on d instead of D). The paper is dedicated to the study of the asymptotical behaviour of the proposed estimator based on local behaviour and is concluded by numerical experiments.

Published
2023

5. Immunological and virological response to antiretroviral treatment in migrant and native men and women in Western Europe; is benefit equal for all?

Author

Monge, S, Mocroft, A, Sabin, A, Touloumi, G, Sighem, A, Abgrall, S, Dray‐Spira, R, Spire, B, Castagna, A, Mussini, C, Zangerle, R, Hessamfar, M, Anderson, J, Hamouda, O, Ehren, K, Obel, N, Kirk, O, Antinori, A, Girardi, E, Saracino, A, Calmy, A, Wit, S, Wittkop, L, Bucher, C, Montoliu, A, Raben, D, Prins, M, Meyer, L, Chene, G, Burns, F, Amo, J, Judd, Ali, Zangerle, Robert, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Amo, Julia, Obel, Niels, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez‐Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera‐Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo, Soriano‐Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, JoseM, Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Torti, Carlo, Sabin, Caroline, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Wit, Stéphane, Miró, Mª, Costagliola, Dominique, dʼArminio‐Monforte, Antonella, Castagna, Antonella, Amo, Julia, Mocroft, Amanda, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Judd, Ali, Conejo, Pablo, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Wittkop, Linda, Campbell, Maria, Frederiksen, Casper M, Friis‐Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Raben, Dorthe, Brandt, Rikke, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Bucher, Heiner, Cozzi‐Lepri, Alessandro, Dabis, François, Monforte, Antonella, Davies, Mary‐Anne, Amo, Julia, Dorrucci, Maria, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Judd, Ali, Kirk, Ole, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Meyer, Laurence, Miró, Jose, Mocroft, Amanda, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Rohner, Eliane, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Thorne, Claire, Torti, Carlo, Valk, Marc, and Wittkop, Linda

Published
2018
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6. Higher rates of triple‐class virological failure in perinatally HIV‐infected teenagers compared with heterosexually infected young adults in Europe

Author

Judd, A, Lodwick, R, NogueraJulian, A, Gibb, DM, Butler, K, Costagliola, D, Sabin, C, van Sighem, A, Ledergerber, B, Torti, C, Mocroft, A, Podzamczer, D, Dorrucci, M, De Wit, S, Obel, N, Dabis, F, CozziLepri, A, García, F, Brockmeyer, NH, Warszawski, J, GonzalezTome, MI, Mussini, C, Touloumi, G, Zangerle, R, Ghosn, J, Castagna, A, Fätkenheuer, G, Stephan, C, Meyer, L, Campbell, MA, Chene, G, Phillips, A, Mary Krause, Murielle, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Amo, Julia Del, Thorne, Claire, Kirk, Ole, PérezHoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella dʼArminio, Prieto, Luis, Rojo, Pablo, SorianoArandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Jose M., Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Frederiksen, Casper M., FriisMøller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Salbøl Brandt, Rikke, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Davies, MaryAnne, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Puoti, Massimo, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Thorne, Claire, van der Valk, Marc, and Wyss, Natasha

Published
2017
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7. Improved darunavir genotypic mutation score predicting treatment response for patients infected with HIV-1 subtype B and non-subtype B receiving a salvage regimen

Author

De Luca, Andrea, Flandre, Philippe, Dunn, David, Zazzi, Maurizio, Wensing, Annemarie, Santoro, Maria Mercedes, Günthard, Huldrych F., Wittkop, Linda, Kordossis, Theodoros, Garcia, Federico, Castagna, Antonella, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Churchill, Duncan, De Wit, Stéphane, Brockmeyer, Norbert H., Imaz, Arkaitz, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niels, Perno, Carlo Federico, Roca, Bernardino, Reiss, Peter, Schülter, Eugen, Torti, Carlo, van Sighem, Ard, Zangerle, Robert, Descamps, Diane, De Luca, Andrea, Flandre, Philippe, Descamps, Diane, Castagna, Antonella, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Churchill, Duncan, Dunn, David, De Wit, Stéphane, Brockmeyer, Norbert H., Garcia, Federico, Imaz, Arkaitz, Kordossis, Theodoros, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niels, Roca, Bernardino, Torti, Carlo, van Sighem, Ard, Wensing, Annemarie, Zangerle, Robert, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca, Santoro, Maria Mercedes, Perno, Carlo Federico, Günthard, Huldrych, Schülter, Eugen, Zazzi, Maurizio, Wittkop, Linda, Descamps, Diane, Zangerle, Robert, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, del Amo, Julia, Obel, Niels, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella dʼArminio, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Jose M., Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Torti, Carlo, Sabin, Caroline, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, de Wit, Stéphane, Miró, Jose M., Costagliola, Dominique, dʼArminio-Monforte, Antonella, Castagna, Antonella, del Amo, Julia, Mocroft, Amanda, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Judd, Ali, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Wittkop, Linda, Campbell, Maria, Frederiksen, Casper M., Friis-Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Raben, Dorthe, Brandt, Rikke Salbøl, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Bucher, Heiner, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Dabis, François, Monforte, Antonella dʼArminio, Davies, Mary-Anne, del Amo, Julia, Dorrucci, Maria, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Judd, Ali, Kirk, Ole, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Meyer, Laurence, Miró, Jose M., Mocroft, Amanda, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Thorne, Claire, Torti, Carlo, van der Valk, Marc, Wittkop, Linda, Wyss, Natasha, Aubert, V., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Bucher, H. C., Burton-Jeangros, C., Calmy, A., Cavassini, M., Dollenmaier, G., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Fehr, J., Fellay, J., Furrer, H., Fux, C. A., Gorgievski, M., Günthard, H., Haerry, D., Hasse, B., Hirsch, H. H., Hoffmann, M., Hösli, I., Kahlert, C., Kaiser, L., Keiser, O., Klimkait, T., Kouyos, R., Kovari, H., Ledergerber, B., Martinetti, G., de Tejada, B. Martinez, Metzner, K., Müller, N., Nadal, D., Nicca, D., Pantaleo, G., Rauch, A., Regenass, S., Rickenbach, M., Rudin, C., Schöni-Affolter, F., Schmid, P., Schüpbach, J., Speck, R., Tarr, P., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Weber, R., and Yerly, S.

Published
2016
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8. Characteristics and outcome of HIV infection in gypsies in the Spanish VACH Cohort

Author

Teira, Ramón, Suárez-Lozano, Ignacio, Lozano, Fernando, Viciana, Pompeyo, Domingo, Pere, Galindo, Pepa, Geijo, Paloma, Terrón, Alberto, González, Juan, Cosín, Jaime, Ribera, Esteban, Roca, Bernardino, García-Alcalde, María L., Sánchez, Trinitario, Muñoz-Sánchez, Agustín, Vergara, Antonio, López-Aldeguer, José, Pedrol, Enric, Vidal, Francesc, Garrido, Myriam, and Santamaría, Juan M.

Published
2010
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9. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy and spatial analysis of the feed industry

Author

Paul, Mathilde, Abrial, David, Jarrige, Nathalie, Rican, Stephane, Garrido, Myriam, Calavas, Didier, and Ducrot, Christian

Subjects
Government regulation, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy -- Risk factors, Cattle -- Diseases
Abstract

In France, despite the ban of meat-and-bone meal (MBM) in cattle feed, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) was detected in hundreds of cattle born after the ban. To study the role [...]

Published
2007

13. Effectiveness and safety of didanosine, lamivudine and efavirenz versus zidovudine, lamivudine and efavirenz for the initial treatment of HIV-infected patients from the Spanish VACH cohort

Author

Crespo, Manuel, Ribera, Esteban, Suárez-Lozano, Ignacio, Domingo, Pere, Pedrol, Enric, López-Aldeguer, José, Muñoz, Agustín, Viladés, Consuelo, Sánchez, Trinitario, Viciana, Pompeyo, Teira, Ramón, García-Alcalde, María Luisa, Vergara, Antonio, Lozano, Fernándo, Galindo, María José, Cosin, Jaime, Roca, Bernardino, Terrón, Alberto, Geijo, Paloma, Vidal, Francesc, and Garrido, Myriam

Published
2009

14. First-line antiretroviral therapy with efavirenz or lopinavir/ritonavir plus two nucleoside analogues: the SUSKA study, a non-randomized comparison from the VACH cohort

Author

Domingo, Pere, Suárez-Lozano, Ignacio, Torres, Ferran, Teira, Ramón, Lopez-Aldeguer, José, Vidal, Francesc, Muñoz, Agustín, Viciana, Pompeyo, Lozano, Fernando, Vergara, Antonio, Roca, Bernadino, García Alcalde, Ma Luisa, Cosín, Jaime, Terrón, Alberto, Galindo, Ma José, Geijo, Paloma, Ribera, Esteban, Gonzalez, Juan, Sanchez, Trinitario, Lacalle, Juan Ramón, and Garrido, Myriam

Published
2008

18. Dyslipidaemia in HIV-infected women on antiretroviral therapy. Analysis of 922 patients from the Spanish VACH cohort

Author

Estrada Vicente, Geijo Paloma, Fuentes-Ferrer Manuel, Alcalde María, Rodrigo María, Galindo María, Muñoz Agustín, Domingo Pere, Ribera Esteve, Cosín Jaime, Viciana Pompeyo, Lozano Fernando, Terrón Alberto, Vergara Antonio, Teira Ramón, Muñoz-Sánchez Josefa, Roca Bernardino, Sánchez Trinitario, López-Aldeguer José, Deig Elisabeth, Vidal Francisco, Pedrol Enric, Castaño-Carracedo Manuel, Puig Teresa, Garrido Myriam, and Suárez-Lozano Ignacio

Subjects
Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Information concerning lipid disturbances in HIV-infected women on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is scarce. The objective of the study is to describe the lipid profile in a large cohort of HIV-infected women on contemporary ART and analyse differences between regimes and patient's characteristics. Methods Observational, multicentre, cross-sectional study from the Spanish VACH Cohort. 922 women on stable ART without lipid-lowering treatment were included. Results Median age was 42 years, median CD4 lymphocyte count was 544 cells/mm3, and 85.6% presented undetectable HIV-1 viral load. Median total cholesterol (TC) was 189 mg/dL (interquartile range, IQR, 165-221), HDL cholesterol 53 mg/dL (IQR, 44-64), LDL cholesterol 108 mg/dL (IQR, 86-134), and triglycerides 116 mg/dL (IQR, 85-163). Mean accumulated time on ART was 116 months; 47.4% were on NNRTI-based regimes, 44.7% on PI, and 6.7% on only-NRTI therapy. 43.8% were also hepatitis C (HCV) coinfected. Patients on PI treatment presented higher TC/HDL ratio than those on NNRTI (p < 0.001). Significantly higher HDL values were observed in NNRTI-treated patients. HCV-coinfected patients presented lower TC/HDL ratio than the non HCV-coinfected. In multivariate analysis, factors independently associated with TC/HDL ratio were age, triglyceride levels and HCV co-infection. PI treatment presented a non-significant association with higher TC/HDL ratio. Conclusions In HIV-infected women, the NNRTI-based ART is associated with a better lipid profile than the PI-based. Factors unrelated to ART selection may also exert an independent, significant influence on lipids; in particular, age, and triglyceride levels are associated with an increased TC/HDL ratio while HCV co-infection is associated with a reduced TC/HDL ratio.

Published
2011
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19. Long-term Mortality in HIV-Positive Individuals Virally Suppressed for >3 Years With Incomplete CD4 Recovery

Author

Engsig, Frederik N., Zangerle, Robert, Katsarou, Olga, Dabis, Francois, Reiss, Peter, Gill, John, Porter, Kholoud, Sabin, Caroline, Riordan, Andrew, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Gutiérrez, Félix, Raffi, Francois, Kirk, Ole, Mary-Krause, Murielle, Stephan, Christoph, de Olalla, Patricia Garcia, Guest, Jodie, Samji, Hasina, Castagna, Antonella, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Skaletz-Rorowski, Adriane, Ramos, Jose, Lapadula, Giuseppe, Mussini, Cristina, Force, Lluís, Meyer, Laurence, Lampe, Fiona, Boufassa, Faroudy, Bucher, Heiner C., De Wit, Stéphane, Burkholder, Greer A., Teira, Ramon, Justice, Amy C., Sterling, Tim R., M. Crane, Heidi, Gerstoft, Jan, Grarup, Jesper, May, Margaret, Chêne, Geneviève, Ingle, Suzanne M., Sterne, Jonathan, Obel, Niels, Burkholder, Greer, Justice, Amy, R Sterling, Tim, Crane, Heidi M., Boulle, Andrew, Brodt, Hans-Reinhard, Casabona, Jordi, Cavassini, Matthias, Costagliola, Dominique, Dabis, François, D'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, del Amo, Julia, Van Sighem, Ard, Hans-Ulrich Haerry, David, Hogg, Robert, Mocroft, Amanda, Kitahata, Mari, Saag, Michael, Williams, Matthew, Ingle, Suzanne, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Gibb, Diana, Del Amo, Julia, Thorne, Claire, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Gussenheimer-Bartmeyer, Barbara, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Ramos, José, Battegay, Manuel, Rauch, Andri, Tookey, Pat, Miró, Jose M., de Wit, Stephane, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Torti, Carlo, Garrido, Myriam, Judd, Ali, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Haerry, David, Weller, Ian, d'Arminio-Monforte, Antonella, Colin, Céline, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Kjaer, Jesper, Campbell, Maria, Raben, Dorthe, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Bucher, Heiner, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Dorrucci, Maria, Egger, Matthias, Engsig, Frederik, Furrer, Hansjakob, Lambotte, Olivier, Lewden, Charlotte, Lodi, Sara, Lodwick, Rebbeca, Matheron, Sophie, Miro, Jose, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Reekie, Joanne, Scherrer, Alexandra, Smit, Colette, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, and Wittkop, Linda

Abstract

Virally suppressed HIV-positive individuals on combination antiretroviral therapy who do not achieve a CD4 count >200 cells/µL have substantially increased long-term mortality. The increased mortality was seen across different patient groups and for all causes of death

Published
2017

20. Chronic Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection and Risk for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in HIV-Infected Patients: A Cohort Study

Author

Wang, Qing, De Luca, Andrea, Smith, Colette, Zangerle, Robert, Sambatakou, Helen, Bonnet, Fabrice, Smit, Colette, Schommers, Philipp, Thornton, Alicia, Berenguer, Juan, Peters, Lars, Spagnuolo, Vincenzo, Ammassari, Adriana, Antinori, Andrea, Roldan, Eugenia Quiros, Mussini, Cristina, Miro, Jose M., Konopnicki, Deborah, Fehr, Jan, Campbell, Maria A., Termote, Monique, Bucher, Heiner C., De Wit, Stéphane, Costagliola, Dominique, D'Arminio-Monforte, Antonella, Castagna, Antonella, Del Amo, Julia, Mocroft, Amanda, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Sabin, Caroline, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Obel, Niels, Thorne, Claire, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, D'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Rauch, Andri, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Torti, Carlo, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Davies, Mary-Anne, Dorrucci, Maria, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Judd, Ali, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Schomaker, Michael, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Van Der Valk, Marc, Wyss, Natasha, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Friis-Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Brandt, Rikke Salbøl, Wang, Q, De Luca, A, Smith, C, Zangerle, R, Sambatakou, H, Bonnet, F, Smit, C, Schommers, P, Thornton, A, Berenguer, J, Peters, L, Spagnuolo, V, Ammassari, A, Antinori, A, Roldan, E, Mussini, C, Miro, J, Konopnicki, D, Fehr, J, Campbell, M, Termote, M, Bucher, H, Puoti, M, University of Zurich, Bucher, Heiner C, Quiros Roldan, E, Miro, Jm, Campbell, Ma, Bucher, Hc, on behalf of The Hepatitis Coinfection and Non Hodgkin Lymphoma project team for the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) in, Eurocoord, and Castagna, Antonella

Subjects
Male, Lymphoma, Hepatitis B Surface Antigen, HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Cohort Studies, 10234 Clinic for Infectious Diseases, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, HIV Infection, 030212 general & internal medicine, Viral, Chronic, media_common, Incidence (epidemiology), Hepatitis B Core Antigen, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Hazard ratio, virus diseases, General Medicine, Hepatitis C, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B Core Antigens, Hepatitis Antibodie, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, RNA, Viral, Female, hepatitis c and b, Cohort study, Human, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, Biomarkers, Hepatitis Antibodies, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, Hepatitis B, Chronic, Hepatitis C, Chronic, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Hepatitis C virus, Non-Hodgkin, 610 Medicine & health, Settore MED/17 - MALATTIE INFETTIVE, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, media_common.cataloged_instance, HIV HCV NHL HBV, European union, Hepatitis B virus, business.industry, Risk Factor, Anti-HIV Agent, Biomarker, 10060 Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute (EBPI), medicine.disease, digestive system diseases, 2724 Internal Medicine, Immunology, RNA, Cohort Studie, business
Abstract

Background: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the most common AIDS-defining condition in the era of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Whether chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection promote NHL in HIV-infected patients is unclear. Objective: To investigate whether chronic HBV and HCV infection are associated with increased incidence of NHL in HIV-infected patients. Design: Cohort study. Setting: 18 of 33 cohorts from the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE). Patients: HIV-infected patients with information on HBV surface antigen measurements and detectable HCV RNA, or a positive HCV antibody test result if HCV RNA measurements were not available. Measurements: Time-dependent Cox models to assess risk for NHL in treatment-naive patients and those initiating ART, with inverse probability weighting to control for informative censoring. Results: A total of 52 479 treatment-naive patients (1339 [2.6%] with chronic HBV infection and 7506 [14.3%] with HCV infection) were included, of whom 40 219 (77%) later started ART. The median follow-up was 13 months for treatment-naive patients and 50 months for those receiving ART. A total of 252 treatment-naive patients and 310 treated patients developed NHL, with incidence rates of 219 and 168 cases per 100 000 person-years, respectively. The hazard ratios for NHL with HBV and HCV infection were 1.33 (95% CI, 0.69 to 2.56) and 0.67 (CI, 0.40 to 1.12), respectively, in treatment-naive patients and 1.74 (CI, 1.08 to 2.82) and 1.73 (CI, 1.21 to 2.46), respectively, in treated patients. Limitation: Many treatment-naive patients later initiated ART, which limited the study of the associations of chronic HBV and HCV infection with NHL in this patient group. Conclusion: In HIV-infected patients receiving ART, chronic co-infection with HBV and HCV is associated with an increased risk for NHL. Primary Funding Source: European Union Seventh Framework Programme.

Published
2017

21. Cartographier le risque associé aux maladies contagieuses

Author

Coly, Sylvain, Garrido, Myriam, Abrial, David, Yao, Anne-Françoise, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal (LMBP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche d'Épidémiologie des maladies Animales et zoonotiques (UMR EPIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Unité de recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UEA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

Site INRA - Département SA - Actualités; Cartographier le risque associé aux maladies contagieuses

Published
2017

22. CD4 cell count response to first-line combination ART in HIV-2+ patients compared with HIV-1+ patients: A multinational, multicohort European study

Author

Wittkop, Linda, Arsandaux, Julie, Trevino, Ana, van der Loeff, Maarten Schim, Anderson, Jane, van Sighem, Ard, Böni, Jürg, Brun-Vezinet, Françoise, Soriano, Vicente, Boufassa, Faroudy, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Calmy, Alexandra, Dabis, François, Jarrin, Inma, Dorrucci, Maria, Duque, Vitor, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Zangerle, Robert, Ferrer, Elena, Porter, Kholoud, Judd, Ali, Sipsas, Nikolaos V., Lambotte, Olivier, Shepherd, Leah, Leport, Catherine, Morrison, Charles, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niels, Ruelle, Jean, Schwarze-Zander, Carolyne, Sonnerborg, Anders, Teira, Ramon, Torti, Carlo, Valadas, Emilia, Colin, Celine, Friis-Møller, Nina, Costagliola, Dominique, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Chene, Geneviève, Matheron, Sophie, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Del Amo, Julia, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte, Antonella d'Arminio, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Mirò, Jose M., Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Sabin, Caroline, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Davies, Mary-Anne, Amo, Julia del, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, van der Valk, Marc, Wyss, Natasha, Epidémiologie et Biostatistique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Team MORPH3EUS (INSERM U1219 - UB - ISPED), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam - CINIMA [Amsterdam, The Netherlands], Homerton University Hospital, Stichting HIV Monitoring [Amsterdam], Universiteit van Amsterdam (UvA), Universität Zürich [Zürich] = University of Zurich (UZH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Service de Virologie [CHU Bichat], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ruhr-Universität Bochum [Bochum], Geneva University Hospital (HUG), CHU de Bordeaux Pellegrin [Bordeaux], Instituto de Salud Carlos III [Madrid] (ISC), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra (H.U.C.), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC), University Hospital of Cologne [Cologne], Innsbruck Medical University = Medizinische Universität Innsbruck (IMU), Hospitalet de Llobregat, University College of London [London] (UCL), National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Service de Médecine Interne et Immunologie clinique [AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre], Hôpital Bicêtre, Infection, Anti-microbiens, Modélisation, Evolution (IAME (UMR_S_1137 / U1137)), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), FHI 360, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), University Hospital Bonn, Department of Infectious Diseases, Institution of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Sierrallana Hospital, Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro = University of Catanzaro (UMG), Universidade de Lisboa = University of Lisbon (ULISBOA), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Infectious diseases, Wittkop, L, Arsandaux, J, Trevino, A, van der Loeff, M, Anderson, J, van Sighem, A, Böni, J, Brun-Vezinet, F, Soriano, V, Boufassa, F, Brockmeyer, N, Calmy, A, Dabis, F, Jarrin, I, Dorrucci, M, Duque, V, Fätkenheuer, G, Zangerle, R, Ferrer, E, Porter, K, Judd, A, Sipsas, N, Lambotte, O, Shepherd, L, Leport, C, Morrison, C, Mussini, C, Obel, N, Ruelle, J, Schwarze-Zander, C, Sonnerborg, A, Teira, R, Torti, C, Valadas, E, Colin, C, Friis-Møller, N, Costagliola, D, Thiebaut, R, Chene, G, Matheron, S, Touloumi, G, Warszawski, J, Meyer, L, Krause, M, Ghosn, J, Reiss, P, Wit, F, Prins, M, Bucher, H, Gibb, D, Del Amo, J, Thorne, C, Mocroft, A, Kirk, O, Stephan, C, Pérez-Hoyos, S, Hamouda, O, Bartmeyer, B, Chkhartishvili, N, Noguera-Julian, A, Antinori, A, Monforte, A, Prieto, L, Conejo, P, Soriano-Arandes, A, Battegay, M, Kouyos, R, Tookey, P, Casabona, J, Mirò, J, Castagna, A, Konopnick, D, Goetghebuer, T, Sönnerborg, A, Sabin, C, Garrido, M, Haerry, D, Berenguer, J, Bohlius, J, Bouteloup, V, Cozzi-Lepri, A, Davies, M, Amo, J, Dunn, D, Egger, M, Furrer, H, Guiguet, M, Grabar, S, Leroy, V, Lodi, S, Monge, S, Nakagawa, F, Paredes, R, Phillips, A, Puoti, M, Schomaker, M, Smit, C, Sterne, J, van der Valk, M, Wyss, N, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Istituto Superiore di Sanita [Rome], Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Wittkop, Linda, Arsandaux, Julie, Trevino, Ana, Van Der Loeff V Schim, Maarten, Anderson, Jane, Van Sighem, Ard, Jurg, Boni, Brun-Vezinet, Francoise, Soriano, Vicente, Boufassa, Faroudy, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Calmy, Alexandra, Dabis, Francoi, Jarrin, Inma, Dorrucci, Maria, Duque, Vitor, Fãtkenheuer, Gerd, Zangerle, Robert, Ferrer, Elena, Porter, Kholoud, Judd, Ali, Sipsas, Nikolaos V, Lambotte, Olivier, Shepherd, Leah, Leport, Catherine, Morrison, Charle, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niel, Ruelle, Jean, Schwarze-Zander, Carolyne, Sonnerborg, Ander, Teira, Ramon, Torti, Carlo, Valadas, Emilia, Colin, Celine, Friis-Moller, Nina, Costagliola, Dominique, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Chene, Geneviève, Matheron, Sophie, on behalf of the COHERE in EuroCoord and ACHIeV2e Study, Group, and Castagna, Antonella

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, Internationality, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Gastroenterology, Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage/adverse effects/therapeutic use, Viral/blood, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, CD4 HIV, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Cd4 cell count, ddc:616, Confounding, virus diseases, Middle Aged, Viral Load, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Europe, HIV-2/drug effects, Infectious Diseases, HIV-1/drug effects, RNA, Viral, Female, Viral load, Cohort study, Microbiology (medical), Cart, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Anti-HIV Agents, 030106 microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology, business.industry, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology/virology, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Institutional repository, HIV Infections/blood/drug therapy/immunology/virology, HIV-2, HIV-1, RNA, Panton–Valentine leukocidin, business
Abstract

Background: CD4 cell recovery following first-line combination ART (cART) is poorer in HIV-2+ than in HIV-1+ patients. Only large comparisons may allow adjustments for demographic and pretreatment plasma viral load (pVL). Methods: ART-naive HIV+ adults from two European multicohort collaborations, COHERE (HIV-1 alone) and ACHIeV2e (HIV-2 alone), were included, if they started first-line cART (without NNRTIs or fusion inhibitors) between 1997 and 2011. Patients without at least one CD4 cell count before start of cART, without a pretreatment pVL and with missing a priori-defined covariables were excluded. Evolution of CD4 cell count was studied using adjusted linear mixed models. Results: We included 185 HIV-2+ and 30321 HIV-1+ patients with median age of 46 years (IQR 36-52) and 37 years (IQR 31-44), respectively. Median observed pretreatment CD4 cell counts/mm(3) were 203 (95% CI 100-290) in HIV-2+ patients and 223 (95% CI 100-353) in HIV-1+ patients. Mean observed CD4 cell count changes from start of cART to 12months were + 105 (95% CI 77-134) in HIV-2+ patients and + 202 (95% CI 199-205) in HIV-1+ patients, an observed difference of 97 cells/mm(3) in 1 year. In adjusted analysis, the mean CD4 cell increase was overall 25 CD4 cells/mm(3)/year lower (95% CI 5-44; P=0.0127) in HIV-2+ patients compared with HIV-1+ patients. Conclusions: A poorer CD4 cell increase during first-line cART was observed in HIV-2+ patients, even after adjusting for pretreatment pVL and other potential confounders. Our results underline the need to identify more potent therapeutic regimens or strategies against HIV-2

Published
2017

23. Impact of CD4 and CD8 dynamics and viral rebounds on loss of virological control in HIV controllers

Author

Chereau, Fanny, Madec, Yoann, Sabin, Caroline, Obel, Niels, Ruiz-Mateos, Ezequiel, Chrysos, Georgios, Fidler, Sarah, Lehmann, Clara, Zangerle, Robert, Wittkop, Linda, Reiss, Peter, Hamouda, Osamah, Perez, Vicente Estrada, Leal, Manuel, Mocroft, Amanda, De Olalla, Patricia Garcia, Ammassari, Adriana, Monforte, Antonella D'Arminio, Mussini, Cristina, Segura, Ferran, Castagna, Antonella, Cavassini, Matthias, Grabar, Sophie, Morlat, Philippe, De Wit, Stéphane, Lambotte, Olivier, Meyer, Laurence, Judd, Ali, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, Del Amo, Julia, Thorne, Claire, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Jose M., Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Torti, Carlo, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, Miró, Jose Ma, Costagliola, Dominique, D'Arminio-Monforte, Antonella, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Campbell, Maria, Frederiksen, Casper M., Friis-Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Brandt, Rikke Salbøl, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Davies, Mary-Anne, Dorrucci, Maria, Dunn, David, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Rohner, Eliane, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Van Der Valk, Marc, Fanny, C, Yoann, M, Caroline, S, Niels, O, Ezequiel, R, Georgios, C, Sarah, F, Clara, L, Robert, Z, Linda, W, Peter, R, Osamah, H, Vicente Estrada, P, Manuel, L, Amanda, M, Patricia Garcia De, O, Adriana, A, Antonella D’Arminio, M, Cristina, M, Ferran, S, Antonella, C, Matthias, C, Sophie, G, Philippe, M, Stéphane De, W, Olivier, L, Laurence, M, Puoti, M, Chereau, F, Madec, Y, Sabin, C, Obel, N, Ruiz-Mateos, E, Chrysos, G, Fidler, S, Lehmann, C, Zangerle, R, Wittkop, L, Reiss, P, Hamouda, O, Perez, Ve, Leal, M, Mocroft, A, De Olalla, Pg, Ammassari, A, Monforte, Ada, Mussini, C, Segura, F, Castagna, A, Cavassini, M, Grabar, S, Morlat, P, De Wit, S, Lambotte, O, Meyer, L, The HIV Controllers Project Working Group for the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) in, Eurocoord, Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les Hépatites Virales (France), HIV Monitoring Foundation, Augustinus Foundation, European Commission, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), University College London Hospitals (UCLH), Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío [Sevilla], Tzaneio General Hospital, Imperial College London, German Center for Infection Research - Partner Site Bonn-Cologne (DZIF), Universität Innsbruck [Innsbruck], Institut de Santé Publique, d'Epidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Robert Koch Institute [Berlin] (RKI), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos [Madrid, Spain] (IdISSC), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Istituto Nazionale di Malattie Infettive 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' (INMI), University of Milan, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí of Sabadell, Barcelona, Universita Vita Salute San Raffaele = Vita-Salute San Raffaele University [Milan, Italie] (UniSR), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Immunologie des Maladies Virales et Autoimmunes (IMVA - U1184), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia = University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, AII - Infectious diseases, APH - Aging & Later Life, Global Health, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, HIV Controllers Project Working Group for the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) in EuroCOORD, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust- BRC Funding, and Medical Research Council (MRC)

Subjects
Male, HIV Infections, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Immunodeficiency Viruses, HIV-1/immunology, Public and Occupational Health, lcsh:Science, Adult, Anti-HIV Agents, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Female, HIV-1, Humans, Viral Load, Viremia, Virus Replication, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all), Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all), virus diseases, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/methods, Medical Microbiology, Viral Pathogens, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Human, Blood cells, Immunology, HIV Infections/drug therapy, Virus Replication/immunology, Men WHO Have Sex with Men, Cytotoxic T cells, Microbiology, Viremia/drug therapy, Microbial Pathogens, Science & Technology, lcsh:R, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Anti-HIV Agent, NATURAL-HISTORY, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocyte, Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use, HIV CD4 AIDS, T-CELLS, Population Groupings, lcsh:Q, Preventive Medicine, Sexuality Groupings, RNA viruses, RNA LEVELS, lcsh:Medicine, PROGRESSION, ACTIVATION, INFECTION, Cellular types, Medicine and Health Sciences, HIV Infection, Medicine (all), Immune cells, HIV diagnosis and management, ABSENCE, Vaccination and Immunization, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Infectious Diseases, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocyte, Viruses, White blood cells, Pathogens, Research Article, Cell biology, Evolutionary Immunology, Infectious Disease Control, General Science & Technology, T cells, Antiretroviral Therapy, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/drug effects, CD4 Lymphocyte Count/methods, Viral Evolution, Antiviral Therapy, Virology, MD Multidisciplinary, Retroviruses, Evolutionary Biology, Lentivirus, HIV, Viral Load/drug effects, Diagnostic medicine, Organismal Evolution, Animal cells, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, REPLICATION, People and Places, Microbial Evolution, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/virology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology, HIV Infections/immunology, HIV Infections/virology, Viral Load/immunology, Viremia/immunology, Viremia/virology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, INVERSE PROBABILITY
Abstract

[Objective] HIV controllers (HICs) spontaneously maintain HIV viral replication at low level without antiretroviral therapy (ART), a small number of whom will eventually lose this ability to control HIV viremia. The objective was to identify factors associated with loss of virological control., [Methods] HICs were identified in COHERE on the basis of ≥5 consecutive viral loads (VL) ≤500 copies/mL over ≥1 year whilst ART-naive, with the last VL ≤500 copies/mL measured ≥5 years after HIV diagnosis. Loss of virological control was defined as 2 consecutive VL >2000 copies/mL. Duration of HIV control was described using cumulative incidence method, considering loss of virological control, ART initiation and death during virological control as competing outcomes. Factors associated with loss of virological control were identified using Cox models. CD4 and CD8 dynamics were described using mixed-effect linear models., [Results] We identified 1067 HICs; 86 lost virological control, 293 initiated ART, and 13 died during virological control. Six years after confirmation of HIC status, the probability of losing virological control, initiating ART and dying were 13%, 37%, and 2%. Current lower CD4/CD8 ratio and a history of transient viral rebounds were associated with an increased risk of losing virological control. CD4 declined and CD8 increased before loss of virological control, and before viral rebounds., [Discussion] Expansion of CD8 and decline of CD4 during HIV control may result from repeated low-level viremia. Our findings suggest that in addition to superinfection, other mechanisms, such as low grade viral replication, can lead to loss of virological control in HICs., The COHERE study group has received unrestricted funding from: Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les Hépatites Virales (ANRS), France; HIV Monitoring Foundation, The Netherlands; and the Augustinus Foundation, Denmark. The research leading to these results received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under EuroCoord grant agreement n° 260694.

Published
2017

24. Corrective to the article : Extreme Value Analysis - an Introduction Journal de la SFdS Vol. 154 No2, 66-97

Author

Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Deville, Yves, Lezaud, Pascal, ProdInra, Migration, Unité Mixte de Recherche d'Épidémiologie des maladies Animales et zoonotiques (UMR EPIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Pestat, Partenaires INRAE, and Ecole Nationale de l'Aviation Civile (ENAC)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], extreme value theory, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], extreme value index, distribution tail estimation, max stable distributions
Abstract

We provide an overview of the probability and statistical tools underlying the extreme value theory, which aims to predict occurrence of rare events. Firstly, we explain that the asymptotic distribution of extreme values belongs, in some sense, to the family of the generalised extreme value distributions which depend on a real parameter, called the extreme value index. Secondly, we discuss statistical tail estimation methods based on estimators of the extreme value index, Nous donnons un aperçu des résultats probabilistes et statistiques utilisés dans la théorie des valeurs extrêmes, dont l’objectif est de prédire l’occurrence d’événements rares. Dans la première partie de l’article, nous expliquons que la distribution asymptotique des valeurs extrêmes appartient, dans un certain sens, à la famille des distributions des valeurs extrêmes généralisées qui dépendent d’un paramètre réel, appelé l’indice de valeur extrême. Dans la seconde partie, nous discutons des méthodes d’évaluation statistiques des queues basées sur l’estimation de l’indice des valeurs extrêmes

Published
2017

25. DIC et autres critères de sélection en cartographie du risque

Author

Molnar, Ioana, Coly, Sylvain, Garrido, Myriam, Abrial, David, Yao, Anne Françoise, Unité de recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Mathématiques, UMR CNRS 6205, Unité de Recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UR EpiA), Société Française de Statistique (SFdS). FRA., Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal (LMBP), and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], sélection de modèle, critère DIC, méthodes bayésiennes, cartographie du risque, modélisation spatio-temporelle, [STAT.ME]Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME], données épidémiologiques
Abstract

National audience; L'un des objectifs de la cartographie du risque appliquée en épidémiologie est l'étude et la comparaison de plusieurs modèles pour apporter un soutien aux différentes hypothèses concernant une maladie donnée. Il s'agit notamment du choix des variables explicatives, de leurs interactions, de leur influence sur le risque modélisé ou des hypothèses sur leurs fonctions de répartition. Ayant d'habitude un grand nombre de modèles implémentés pour un problème donné, on a besoin d'une méthode pour comparer leurs performances et sélectionner le meilleur modèle parmi tous ceux considérés. Idéalement, on voudrait identifier celui qui représente le meilleur compromis entre l'ajustement aux données, le lissage des cartes obtenues, la sensibilité du modèle aux perturbations, sagénéralité, sa simplicité et sa facilité d'estimation. On voudrait être capable de comparer des modèles imbriqués aussi que des modèles assez éloignés les uns des autres. A cause de ces divers objectifs, il n'existe pas de procédure de sélection de modèle qui soit universellement valable. Le sujet de notre étude concerne le problème d'identification d'une méthode de sélection de modèle adaptée au cadre spatio-temporel de la cartographie du risque des maladies contagieuses. Notre objectif est d'investiguer la performance du critère le plus utilisé dans la cartographie du risque, le critère DIC, et de proposer des solutions mieux adaptées à notre cadre.

Published
2016

26. Delayed HIV diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral therapy: inequalities by educational level, COHERE in EuroCoord

Author

Zangerle, Robert, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, Franã§ois, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Sabin, Caroline, Gibb, Diana, Fã¤tkenheuer, Gerd, Del Amo, Julia, Obel, Niels, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pã©rez hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Noguera julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, D'arminio monforte, Antonella, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Ramos, Josã, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano, Toni, Battegay, Manuel, Rauch, Andri, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Mirã², Jose M., Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Torti, Carlo, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, De Wit, Stã©phane, Costagliola, Dominique, Grarup, Jesper, Chãªne, Genevieve, Cohort, Paediatric, Judd, Ali, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi lepri, Alessandro, Dorrucci, Maria, Egger, Matthias, Engsig, Frederik, Furrer, Hansjakob, Lambotte, Olivier, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Van Der Valk, Marc, Wittkop, Linda, Wyss, Natasha, CASTAGNA, ANTONELLA, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Global Health, Infectious diseases, Zangerle, Robert, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, Franã§oi, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Reiss, Peter, Wit, Ferdinand, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Sabin, Caroline, Gibb, Diana, Fã¤tkenheuer, Gerd, Del Amo, Julia, Obel, Niel, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Stephan, Christoph, Pã©rez hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Noguera julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, D'arminio monforte, Antonella, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Ramos, Josã, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano, Toni, Battegay, Manuel, Rauch, Andri, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Mirã², Jose M., Castagna, Antonella, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Torti, Carlo, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Haerry, David, De Wit, Stã©phane, Costagliola, Dominique, Grarup, Jesper, Chãªne, Genevieve, Cohort, Paediatric, Judd, Ali, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi lepri, Alessandro, Dorrucci, Maria, Egger, Matthia, Engsig, Frederik, Furrer, Hansjakob, Lambotte, Olivier, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Van Der Valk, Marc, Wittkop, Linda, and Wyss, Natasha

Subjects
Adult, Male, Cart, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Delayed Diagnosis, Higher education, Immunology, HIV Infections, 610 Medicine & health, Socioeconomic Factor, Logistic regression, Education, Cohort Studies, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 360 Social problems & social services, Late diagnosi, medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, HIV Infection, business.industry, Delayed Diagnosi, International Standard Classification of Education, Hiv, Odds ratio, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Antiretroviral therapy, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Socioeconomic Factors, Socioeconomic inequitie, Anti-Retroviral Agent, Cohort Studie, business, Human, Cohort study
Abstract

OBJECTIVES In Europe and elsewhere, health inequalities among HIV-positive individuals are of concern. We investigated late HIV diagnosis and late initiation of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) by educational level, a proxy of socioeconomic position. DESIGN AND METHODS We used data from nine HIV cohorts within COHERE in Austria, France, Greece, Italy, Spain and Switzerland, collecting data on level of education in categories of the UNESCO/International Standard Classification of Education standard classification: non-completed basic, basic, secondary and tertiary education. We included individuals diagnosed with HIV between 1996 and 2011, aged at least 16 years, with known educational level and at least one CD4 cell count within 6 months of HIV diagnosis. We examined trends by education level in presentation with advanced HIV disease (AHD) (CD4

Published
2014
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27. Distributions to model overdispersed count data

Author

Coly, Sylvain, Yao, Anne-Françoise, Abrial, David, Garrido, Myriam, Unité de recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Blaise Pascal (Clermont Ferrand 2) (UBP), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal (LMBP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Unité de Recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UR EpiA), and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Thomas Distribution, Pólya-Aeppli Distribution, Neyman Distribution, Mixture Distributions, Negative Binomial Distribution, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Count Distributions, Overdispersion, Stopped-Sum Distributions
Abstract

In the early twentieth century, only a few count distributions (binomial and Poisson distributions) werecommonly used in modeling. These distributions fail to model bimodal or overdispersed data, especially data related to phenomena for which the occurrence of a given event increases the chance of additional events occurring. New count distributions have since been introduced to address such phenomena; they are named "contagious" distributions. This group of distributions, which includes the negative binomial, Neyman, Thomas and Pólya-Aeppli distributions, can be expressed as mixture distributions or as stopped-sum distributions. They take into account bimodality and overdispersion, and show a greater flexibility with regards to value distributions. The aim of this literature review is to 1) explain the introduction of these distributions, 2) describe each of these overdispersed distributions, focusing in particular on their definitions, their basic properties, and their practical utility, and 3) compare their strengths and weaknesses by modeling overdispersed real count data (bovine tuberculosis cases)., Au début du vingtième siècle, seules quelques lois de comptage (loi binomiale, loi de Poisson) sontcouramment utilisées en modélisation. Elles trouvent leur limite dans la modélisation de données bimodales ousurdispersées, notamment celles associées à un phénomène dont la survenue engendre d’autres occurrences. Pour les modéliser, de nouvelles lois sont élaborées, dites "lois contagieuses". Ces distributions, telles que la loi binomiale négative, la loi de Neyman, la loi de Thomas ou encore la loi de Pólya-Aeppli, peuvent s’exprimer sous forme de mélange de lois usuelles ou encore de somme de variables aléatoires dont l’indice est borné par une variable aléatoire.Elles permettent d’ajuster des répartitions bimodales, surdispersées et très irrégulières. L’objectif de notre revue de la littérature est de décrire l’apparition de ces lois surdispersées, d’effectuer un descriptif de chacune de ces distributions, en s’intéressant en particulier à leurs différentes caractérisations, à leurs propriétés élémentaires et à leur utilisation potentielle, et enfin de les comparer en les appliquant à des données réelles surdispersées (cas de tuberculose bovine).

Published
2016

28. Cartographie spatio-temporelle du risque pour maladies contagieuses

Author

Coly, Sylvain, Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Abrial, David, Yao-Lafourcade, Anne-Françoise, Unité de Recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UR EpiA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal (LMBP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

National audience; La cartographie du risque appréhende la répartition du risque associé à une pathologie et le représente sous la forme de carte suivant un dégradé de couleurs. Depuis son introduction par Besag, la cartographie du risque a connu de nombreuses améliorations et variantes méthodologiques, pour couvrir un spectre de problématiques de plus en plus large. Cette approche est usuellement appliquée à des maladies non-contagieuses ; dans ce cas les dépendances spatiales (voire spatio-temporelles) sont liés à des facteurs environnementaux et populationnels. Notre objectif est d'appliquer la cartographie du risque à des maladies infectieuses, pour lesquelles un cas primaire peut engendrer des cas secondaires. La contagion peut être source de surdispersion et de renforcement des structures spatiales et temporelles. Nous avons test\'e 60 modèles aux lois de comptage et aux structures de risque différentes sur des données simulées (agrégats de cas) et sur des données réelles (tuberculose bovine). Le mode de sélection de modèle est le critère DIC (Deviance Information Criterion). Cette étude montre la pertinence d'utiliser la loi binomiale négative par rapport à la loi de Poisson dans le cas de données surdispersées et/ou présentant des niveaux de risque contrastés. Elle conclut à la nécessité de prendre en compte les dimensions spatiale et temporelle dans ce type d'étude épidémiologique. Elle permet par ailleurs d'appréhender la répartition du risque de la tuberculose bovine en France, ainsi que sa structure. Ces conclusions ouvrent des perspectives sur différents sujets méthodologiques tels que la recherche des modèles les plus adaptés ou la sélection de modèle.

Published
2015

29. Risk factors and outcomes for late presentation for HIV-positive persons in Europe: results from the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe Study (COHERE)

Author

Mocroft, Amanda, Lundgren, Jens D., Sabin, Miriam Lewis, D'arminio Monforte, Antonella, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Casabona, Jordi, Costagliola, Dominique, Dabis, Francois, De Wit, Stã©phane, Fã¤tkenheuer, Gerd, Furrer, Hansjakob, Johnson, Anne M., Lazanas, Marios K., Leport, Catherine, Moreno, Santiago, Obel, Niels, Post, Frank A., Reekie, Joanne, Reiss, Peter, Sabin, Caroline, Skaletz rorowski, Adriane, Suarez lozano, Ignacio, Torti, Carlo, Warszawski, Josiane, Zangerle, Robert, Fabre colin, Cã©line, Kjaer, Jesper, Chene, Genevieve, Grarup, Jesper, Kirk, Ole, Lundgren, Jens, Sabin, Miriam, Castagna, Antonella, Johnson, Anne, Lazanas, Mario, Suarez loano, Ignacio, Post, Frank, Touloumi, Giota, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, Franã§ois, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, De Wolf, Frank, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Del Amo, Julia, Thorne, Claire, Stephan, Christoph, Pã©rez hoyos, Santiago, Noguera julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Ramos, Josã©, Battegay, Manuel, Rauch, Andri, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Mirã³, Jose M., De Wit, Stephane, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Judd, Ali, Haerry, David, Weller, Ian, D'arminio monforte, Antonella, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Touzeau, Guillaume, Campbell, Maria, Friis mã¸ller, Nina, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi lepri, Alessandro, Dorrucci, Maria, Egger, Matthias, Engsig, Frederik, Lambotte, Olivier, Lewden, Charlotte, Lodwick, Rebecca, Matheron, Sophie, Miro, Jose, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Scherrer, Alexandra, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Von Wyl, Viktor, Wittkop, Linda, CASTAGNA, ANTONELLA, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, Global Health, Other departments, Infectious diseases, Mocroft, Amanda, Lundgren, Jens D., Sabin, Miriam Lewi, D'arminio Monforte, Antonella, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Casabona, Jordi, Castagna, Antonella, Costagliola, Dominique, Dabis, Francoi, De Wit, Stã©phane, Fã¤tkenheuer, Gerd, Furrer, Hansjakob, Johnson, Anne M., Lazanas, Marios K., Leport, Catherine, Moreno, Santiago, Obel, Niel, Post, Frank A., Reekie, Joanne, Reiss, Peter, Sabin, Caroline, Skaletz rorowski, Adriane, Suarez lozano, Ignacio, Torti, Carlo, Warszawski, Josiane, Zangerle, Robert, Fabre colin, Cã©line, Kjaer, Jesper, Chene, Genevieve, Grarup, Jesper, Kirk, Ole, Lundgren, Jen, Sabin, Miriam, Johnson, Anne, Lazanas, Mario, Suarez loano, Ignacio, Post, Frank, Touloumi, Giota, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, Franã§oi, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, De Wolf, Frank, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Del Amo, Julia, Thorne, Claire, Stephan, Christoph, Pã©rez hoyos, Santiago, Noguera julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, Ramos, Josã©, Battegay, Manuel, Rauch, Andri, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Mirã³, Jose M., De Wit, Stephane, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Judd, Ali, Haerry, David, Weller, Ian, D'arminio monforte, Antonella, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Touzeau, Guillaume, Campbell, Maria, Friis mã¸ller, Nina, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Cozzi lepri, Alessandro, Dorrucci, Maria, Egger, Matthia, Engsig, Frederik, Lambotte, Olivier, Lewden, Charlotte, Lodwick, Rebecca, Matheron, Sophie, Miro, Jose, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Scherrer, Alexandra, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, Von Wyl, Viktor, and Wittkop, Linda

Subjects
Male, Time Factors, Epidemiology, HIV Infections, Substance Abuse, Intravenou, Logistic regression, Rate ratio, Biochemistry, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, HIV Seropositivity, HIV Infection, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cooperative Behavior, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, 10. No inequality, 0303 health sciences, Incidence, Incidence (epidemiology), General Medicine, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, 3. Good health, AIDS, Europe, Substance abuse, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, Disease Progression, symbols, Medicine, Female, Human, Biotechnology, HIV infections, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factor, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, 610 Medicine & health, Sensitivity and Specificity, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), 360 Social problems & social services, Mortalitat, medicine, Humans, Poisson regression, Mortality, Epidemiologia, Molecular Biology, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Risk Factor, Cell Biology, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Immunology, Infeccions per VIH, business, Demography
Abstract

Amanda Mocroft and colleagues investigate risk factors and health outcomes associated with diagnosis at a late stage of infection in individuals across Europe. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary, Background Few studies have monitored late presentation (LP) of HIV infection over the European continent, including Eastern Europe. Study objectives were to explore the impact of LP on AIDS and mortality. Methods and Findings LP was defined in Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) as HIV diagnosis with a CD4 count, Editors' Summary Background Every year about 2.5 million people become newly infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. HIV can be transmitted through unprotected sex with an infected partner, from an HIV-positive mother to her unborn baby, or through injection of drugs. Most people do not become ill immediately after infection with HIV although some develop a short influenza-like illness. The next stage of the HIV infection, which may last up to 10 years, also has no major symptoms but, during this stage, HIV slowly destroys immune system cells, including CD4 cells, a type of lymphocyte. Eventually, when the immune system is unable to fight off infections by other disease-causing organisms, HIV-positive people develop AIDS-defining conditions—unusual viral, bacterial, and fungal infections and unusual tumors. Progression to AIDS occurs when any severe AIDS-defining condition is diagnosed, when the CD4 count in the blood falls below 200 cells/mm3, or when CD4 cells account for fewer than 15% of lymphocytes. Why Was This Study Done? People need to know they are HIV positive as soon as possible after they become infected because antiretroviral therapy, which controls but does not cure HIV infection, works best if it is initiated when people still have a relatively high CD4 count. Early diagnosis also reduces the risk of onward HIV transmission. However, 40%–60% of HIV-positive individuals in developed countries are not diagnosed until they have a low CD4 count or an AIDS-defining illness. Reasons for such late presentation include fear of discrimination or stigmatization, limited knowledge about HIV risk factors, testing, and treatment together with missed opportunities to offer an HIV test. Policy makers involved in national and international HIV control programs need detailed information about patterns of late presentation before they can make informed decisions about how to reduce this problem. In this study, therefore, the researchers use data collected by the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research in Europe (COHERE) to analyze trends in late presentation over time across Europe and in different groups of people at risk of HIV infection and to investigate the clinical consequences of late presentation. What Did the Researchers Do and Find? The researchers analyzed data collected from 84,524 individuals participating in more than 20 observational studies that were undertaken in 35 European countries and that investigated outcomes among HIV-positive people. Nearly 54% of the participants were late presenters—individuals who had a CD4 count of less than 350 cells/mm3 or an AIDS-defining illness within 6 months of HIV diagnosis. Late presentation was highest among heterosexual males, in Southern European countries, and among people originating in Africa. Overall, late presentation decreased from 57.3% in 2000 to 51.7% in 2010/11. However, whereas late presentation decreased over time among men having sex with men in Central and Northern Europe, for example, it increased over time among female heterosexuals in Southern Europe. Finally, among the 8,000 individuals who developed a new AIDS-defining illness or died during follow-up, compared to non-late presentation, late presentation was associated with an increased incidence of AIDS/death in all regions of Europe during the first and second year after HIV diagnosis (but not in later years); the largest increase in incidence (13-fold) occurred during the first year after diagnosis in Southern Europe. What Do These Findings Mean? These findings indicate that, although late presentation with HIV infection has decreased in recent years, it remains an important issue across Europe and in all groups of people at risk of HIV infection. They also show that individuals presenting late have a worse clinical outlook, particularly in the first and second year after diagnosis compared to non-late presenters. Several aspects of the study design may affect the accuracy and usefulness of these findings, however. For example, some of the study participants recorded as late presenters may have been people who were aware of their HIV status but who chose not to seek care for HIV infection, or may have been seen in the health care system prior to HIV diagnosis without being offered an HIV test. Delayed entry into care and late presentation are likely to have different risk factors, a possibility that needs to be studied further. Despite this and other study limitations, these findings nevertheless suggest that HIV testing strategies that encourage early testing in all populations at risk, that ensure timely referrals, and that improve retention in care are required to further reduce the incidence of late presentation with HIV infection in Europe. Additional Information Please access these websites via the online version of this summary at http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001510. Information is available from the US National Institute of Allergy and infectious diseases on HIV infection and AIDS NAM/aidsmap provides basic information about HIV/AIDS, and summaries of recent research findings on HIV care and treatment Information is available from Avert, an international AIDS charity, on many aspects of HIV/AIDS, including detailed information on the stages of HIV infection and on HIV and AIDS in Europe (in English and Spanish) The HIV in Europe Initiative has information about strategies to improve earlier diagnosis and access to care in Europe Information about COHERE, which was established in 2005 to conduct epidemiological research on the prognosis and outcome of HIV-infected people from across Europe, is available; more information on the consensus definition of late presentation used in this study is available through the HIV in Europe initiative Patient stories about living with HIV/AIDS are available through Avert and through the nonprofit website Healthtalkonline

Published
2013

30. Improved darunavir genotypic mutation score predicting treatment response for patients infected with HIRaben-1 subtype B and non-subtype B receiving a salvage regimen

Author

MMB Medische Staf, Infection & Immunity, Master Epidemiologie, De Luca, Andrea, Flandre, Philippe, Dunn, David, Zazzi, Maurizio, Wensing, Annemarie, Santoro, Maria Mercedes, Günthard, Huldrych F., Wittkop, Linda, Kordossis, Theodoros, Garcia, Federico, Castagna, Antonella, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Churchill, Duncan, De Wit, Stéphane, Brockmeyer, Norbert H., Imaz, Arkaitz, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niels, Perno, Carlo Federico, Roca, Bernardino, Reiss, Peter, Schülter, Eugen, Torti, Carlo, van Sighem, Ard, Zangerle, Robert, Descamps, Diane, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Sabin, Caroline, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Jose M., Touloumi, Giota, Garrido, Myriam, Teira, Ramon, Wit, Ferdinand, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, del Amo, Julia, Thorne, Claire, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Tookey, Pat, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Haerry, David, de Wit, Stéphane, Costagliola, Dominique, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca, Günthard, Huldrych, Judd, Ali, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Campbell, Maria, Frederiksen, Casper M., Friis-Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Brandt, Rikke Salbøl, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Davies, Mary Anne, Dorrucci, Maria, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, van der Valk, Marc, Wyss, Natasha, Aubert, V., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Burton-Jeangros, C., Calmy, A., Cavassini, M., Dollenmaier, G., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Fehr, J., Fellay, J., Furrer, H., Fux, C. A., Gorgievski, M., Günthard, H., Haerry, D., Hasse, B., Hirsch, H. H., Hoffmann, M., Hösli, I., Kahlert, C., Kaiser, L., Keiser, O., Klimkait, T., Kouyos, R., Kovari, H., Ledergerber, B., Martinetti, G., Martinez de Tejada, B., Metzner, K., Müller, N., Nadal, D., Nicca, D., Pantaleo, G., Rauch, A., Regenass, S., Rickenbach, M., Rudin, C., Schöni-Affolter, F., Schmid, P., Schüpbach, J., Speck, R., Tarr, P., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Weber, R., Yerly, S., MMB Medische Staf, Infection & Immunity, Master Epidemiologie, De Luca, Andrea, Flandre, Philippe, Dunn, David, Zazzi, Maurizio, Wensing, Annemarie, Santoro, Maria Mercedes, Günthard, Huldrych F., Wittkop, Linda, Kordossis, Theodoros, Garcia, Federico, Castagna, Antonella, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Churchill, Duncan, De Wit, Stéphane, Brockmeyer, Norbert H., Imaz, Arkaitz, Mussini, Cristina, Obel, Niels, Perno, Carlo Federico, Roca, Bernardino, Reiss, Peter, Schülter, Eugen, Torti, Carlo, van Sighem, Ard, Zangerle, Robert, Descamps, Diane, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Sabin, Caroline, Casabona, Jordi, Miró, Jose M., Touloumi, Giota, Garrido, Myriam, Teira, Ramon, Wit, Ferdinand, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle Mary, Ghosn, Jade, Leport, Catherine, Prins, Maria, Bucher, Heiner, Gibb, Diana, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, del Amo, Julia, Thorne, Claire, Stephan, Christoph, Pérez-Hoyos, Santiago, Hamouda, Osamah, Bartmeyer, Barbara, Chkhartishvili, Nikoloz, Noguera-Julian, Antoni, Antinori, Andrea, d'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Prieto, Luis, Conejo, Pablo Rojo, Soriano-Arandes, Antoni, Battegay, Manuel, Kouyos, Roger, Tookey, Pat, Konopnick, Deborah, Goetghebuer, Tessa, Sönnerborg, Anders, Haerry, David, de Wit, Stéphane, Costagliola, Dominique, Raben, Dorthe, Chêne, Geneviève, Ceccherini-Silberstein, Francesca, Günthard, Huldrych, Judd, Ali, Barger, Diana, Schwimmer, Christine, Termote, Monique, Campbell, Maria, Frederiksen, Casper M., Friis-Møller, Nina, Kjaer, Jesper, Brandt, Rikke Salbøl, Berenguer, Juan, Bohlius, Julia, Bouteloup, Vincent, Davies, Mary Anne, Dorrucci, Maria, Egger, Matthias, Furrer, Hansjakob, Guiguet, Marguerite, Grabar, Sophie, Lambotte, Olivier, Leroy, Valériane, Lodi, Sara, Matheron, Sophie, Monge, Susana, Nakagawa, Fumiyo, Paredes, Roger, Phillips, Andrew, Puoti, Massimo, Schomaker, Michael, Smit, Colette, Sterne, Jonathan, Thiebaut, Rodolphe, van der Valk, Marc, Wyss, Natasha, Aubert, V., Battegay, M., Bernasconi, E., Böni, J., Burton-Jeangros, C., Calmy, A., Cavassini, M., Dollenmaier, G., Egger, M., Elzi, L., Fehr, J., Fellay, J., Furrer, H., Fux, C. A., Gorgievski, M., Günthard, H., Haerry, D., Hasse, B., Hirsch, H. H., Hoffmann, M., Hösli, I., Kahlert, C., Kaiser, L., Keiser, O., Klimkait, T., Kouyos, R., Kovari, H., Ledergerber, B., Martinetti, G., Martinez de Tejada, B., Metzner, K., Müller, N., Nadal, D., Nicca, D., Pantaleo, G., Rauch, A., Regenass, S., Rickenbach, M., Rudin, C., Schöni-Affolter, F., Schmid, P., Schüpbach, J., Speck, R., Tarr, P., Telenti, A., Trkola, A., Vernazza, P., Weber, R., and Yerly, S.

Published
2016

31. Prognosis of HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma in patients starting combination antiretroviral therapy

Author

Bohlius, Julia, Schmidlin, Kurt, Costagliola, Dominique, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, May, Margaret, Murillo, Ana Maria Caro, Mocroft, Amanda, Bonnet, Fabrice, Clifford, Gary, Touloumi, Giota, Miro, Jose M., Chene, Genevieve, Lundgren, Jens, Egger, Matthias, Antinori, Andrea, Boué, François, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Casabona, Jordi, Lopez-Guillermo, Armando, Ribera, Josep Maria, Dronda, Fernando, Obel, Niels, Fisher, Martin, Franceschi, Silvia, Gibb, Diana, Le Moing, Vincent, Nadal, David, Prins, Maria, Raffi, François, Roca, Bernardino, Verbon, Annelies, Wolf, Timo, Fortuny, Claudia, Chakraborty, Rana, Minder, Christoph, Sterne, Jonathan, Zwahlen, Marcel, Ellefson, Michelle, Kjaer, Jesper, Collin, Fidéline, Colin, Céline, Weller, Ian, Ledergerber, Bruno, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, François, Krause, Murielle Mary, Goujard, Cecile, Leport, Catherine, de Wolf, Frank, Reiss, Peter, Porter, Kholoud, Dorrucci, Maria, Sabin, Caroline, Del Amo, Julia, Thorne, Claire, Kirk, Ole, Staszewski, Schlomo, Perez-Hoyos, Santiago, Almeda, Jesus, D'Arminio Monforte, Antonella, de Martino, Maurizio, Ramos, Jose, Battegay, Manuel, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Castagna, Antonella, de Wit, Stephane, Torti, Carlo, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Dedes, Nikos, Phillips, Andrew, Furrer, Hansjakob, Newell, Marie Louise, Telenti, Amalio, Pantazis, Nikos, Lechenadec, Jérôme, Boufassa, Faroudy, Tran, Laurent, Balestre, Eric, Lanoy, Emilie, Couturier, Françoise, Rispens, Theo, Gras, Luuk A.J., Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Hill, Teresa, Judd, Ali, Duong, Trinh, Sobrino, Paz, Jennings, Beverley, Bonfigli, Sandro, Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro, Corvasce, Stefano, Adorni, Fulvio, Ridolfo, Anna Lisa, Paraninfo, Giuseppe, Keiser, Olivia, Borghi, Vanni, Weller, Ian, Costagliola, Dominique, Ledergerber, Bruno, Lundgren, Jen, Chene, Genevieve, Touloumi, Giota, Warszawski, Josiane, Meyer, Laurence, Dabis, Francoi, Krause Murielle, Mary, Leport, Catherine, de Wolf, Frank, Reiss, Peter, Porter, Kholoud, Dorrucci, Maria, Sabin, Caroline, Gibb, Diana, Del Amo, Julia, Obel, Niel, Thorne, Claire, Mocroft, Amanda, Kirk, Ole, Staszewski, Schlomo, Perez Hoyos, Santiago, Almeda, Jesu, Antinori, Andrea, Monforte A., D'Arminio, de Martino, Maurizio, Brockmeyer, Norbert, Faetkenheuer, Gerd, Ramos, Jose, Battegay, Manuel, Mussini, Cristina, Tookey, Pat, Casabona, Jordi, Miro Jose, M., Castagna, Antonella, de Wit, Stephane, Torti, Carlo, Teira, Ramon, Garrido, Myriam, Dedes, Niko, Phillips, Andrew, Furrer, Hansjakob, Egger, Matthia, Newell Marie, Louise, Sterne, Jonathan, Telenti, Amalio, AII - Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Amsterdam Public Health, and Infectious diseases

Subjects
Cart, Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Immunology, AIDS-related lymphoma, Young Adult, immune system diseases, Internal medicine, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, Epidemiology, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, Young adult, Mortality, Prospective cohort study, Collaborative study, Immunodeficiency, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Lymphoma, AIDS-Related, business.industry, Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Prognosis, Surgery, Lymphoma, Antiretroviral therapy, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Treatment Outcome, HIV-1, Cohort studies, Female, business, Epidemiologic Methods, Cohort study
Abstract

Objective: We examined survival and prognostic factors of patients who developed HIV-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Design and setting: Multicohort collaboration of 33 European cohorts. Methods: We included all cART-naive patients enrolled in cohorts participating in the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) who were aged 16 years or older, started cART at some point after 1 January 1998 and developed NHL after 1 January 1998. Patients had to have a CD4 cell count after 1 January 1998 and one at diagnosis of the NHL. Survival and prognostic factors were estimated using Weibull models, with random effects accounting for heterogeneity between cohorts. Results: Of 67 659 patients who were followed up during 304 940 person-years, 1176 patients were diagnosed with NHL. Eight hundred and forty-seven patients (72%) from 22 cohorts met inclusion criteria. Survival at 1 year was 66% [95% confidence interval (CI) 63-70%] for systemic NHL (n = 763) and 54% (95% CI: 43-65%) for primary brain lymphoma (n = 84). Risk factors for death included low nadir CD4 cell counts and a history of injection drug use. Patients developing NHL on cART had an increased risk of death compared with patients who were cART naive at diagnosis. Conclusion: In the era of cART two-thirds of patients diagnosed with HIV-related systemic NHL survive for longer than 1 year after diagnosis. Survival is poorer in patients diagnosed with primary brain lymphoma. More advanced immunodeficiency is the dominant prognostic factor for mortality in patients with HIV-related NHL.

Published
2009

32. Méthode de classification pour la cartographie du risque basée sur les champs de Markov cachés discrets

Author

Abrial, David, Charras-Garrido, Myriam, De Goer De Herve, Jocelyn, Peyrard, Nathalie, Unité de Recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UR EpiA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Unité de Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées de Toulouse (MIAT INRA)

Subjects
CARTE DE RISQUE, EPIDEMIOLOGIE, ANALYSE D'IMAGES, METHODES MCMC, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], [MATH]Mathematics [math], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2013

33. Le CATI idéal : un collectif pour le traitement des données épidémiologiques

Author

Hoch, Thierry, Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Biologie, Epidémiologie et analyse de risque en Santé Animale (BIOEPAR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Oniris, UMR BioEpAR, PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), Unité de Recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UR EpiA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA). FRA.

Subjects
Modélisation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Statistiques, Epidémiologie, Traitements de données, CATI
Published
2013

35. Extreme Value Analysis : an Introduction

Author

Garrido, Myriam, Lezaud, Pascal, and Porte, Laurence

Subjects
extreme value theory, [STAT.TH] Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], extreme value index, distribution tail estimation, [MATH.MATH-ST] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], max stable distributions
Abstract

We provide an overview of the probability and statistical tools underlying the extreme value theory, which aims to predict occurrence of rare events. Firstly, we explain that the asymptotic distribution of extreme values belongs, in some sense, to the family of the generalised extreme value distributions which depend on a real parameter, called the extreme value index. Secondly, we discuss statistical tail estimation methods based on estimators of the extreme value index.

Published
2013

36. Hidden Markov random field for spatial and spatial-temporal risk mapping

Author

Azizi, Lamiae, Forbes, Florence, Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Abrial, David, Unité de Recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UR EpiA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Modelling and Inference of Complex and Structured Stochastic Systems (MISTIS), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), and Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

Poster session 1; International audience

Published
2011

37. Spatial and spatio-temporal risk mapping for rare disease using Hidden Markov models

Author

Azizi, Lamiae, Forbes, Florence, Abrial, David, Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Unité de Recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UR EpiA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Modelling and Inference of Complex and Structured Stochastic Systems (MISTIS), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2011

38. Spatio-temporal Markov Random Field approach to risk mapping

Author

Azizi, Lamiae, Forbes, Florence, Doyle, Senan, Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Abrial, David, Modelling and Inference of Complex and Structured Stochastic Systems (MISTIS), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité d'épidémiologie animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ASMDA International Society, Unité de recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UEA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Ville service., Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG), and Forbes, Florence

Subjects
[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], [MATH.MATH-PR] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], risk mapping, [STAT.TH] Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], spatio-temporal, random, [STAT.TH]Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], [MATH.MATH-ST] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], field, spatio-temporal, markov, random, field, risk mapping, markov
Abstract

International audience; Recent developments of statistical methodology have contributed to the rapid evolution of disease mapping in the last few decades. Most of the proposed methods focus on spatial models that perform risk smoothing. The risk estimates provided by the spatial models are supposed to be static in time, which is usually not realistic from a disease mapping point of view. Recent advances in disease mapping have focused on extending these models to the spatio-temporal context. Taking into account the spatio-temporal interactions allows us to obtain maps that can be compared in space and time. This comparison can give important information about the disease spread mechanisms. Within this framework, we propose to extend usual two- dimensional spatial MRF to three-dimensional spatio-temporal MRF. Our spatio-temporal MRF is a three-dimensional model in which the neighborhood is de ned by a graph taking simultaneously into account the spatial and the temporal neighbors for each region of the domain under study. This approach allows to derive groups of geographical units homogeneous both in space and time. To encode the fact that two neighboring regions are similar, we propose a variant of the standard Potts model as the latter is not always appropriate in the disease mapping context. Estimation of the model parameters and partionning into homogeneous regions are accomplished simultaneously, using a Variational Expectation Maximisation (EM) algorithm based on a Mean-Field approximation. We also address the problem of fi nding good initial parameter values for this algorithm, in particular to deal with rare diseases for which with risk values and numbers of observed cases can be very small. To illustrate our procedure, we perform tests on simulated data with properties similar to the targeted real data.

Published
2011

39. Initialisation de l'algorithme EM champ-moyen pour les mélanges de Poisson pour données spatiales et application à la cartographie du risque en épidémiologie

Author

Azizi, Lamiae, Forbes, Florence, Garrido, Myriam, Abrial, David, Doyle, Senan, Modelling and Inference of Complex and Structured Stochastic Systems (MISTIS), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG), Unité d'épidémiologie animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Société Française de Statistique, Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UEA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Forbes, Florence

Subjects
[MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], [MATH.MATH-PR] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], champ-moyen, cartographie du risque, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, champ-moyen, cartographie du risque, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2011

40. Génomique des populations des bactéries du complexe Borrelia burgdorferi sl

Author

Gonnet, Mathieu, Abrial, David, Ferquel, Elisabeth, Claude, Alexandre, Gasqui, Patrick, Sertour, N., De Goer De Herve, Jocelyn, Dorr, Nelly, Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Vourc'h, Gwenael, Cornet, M., Bailly, Xavier, Unité de Recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UR EpiA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de Référence des Borrelia (CNR), Institut Pasteur [Paris], and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], BORRELIA BURGDORFERI SL, BACTERIE, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, GENOMIQUE, POPULATION
Abstract

National audience

Published
2011

41. Risk mapping based on hidden Markov random field and variational approximations

Author

Abrial, David, Azizi, Lamiae, Garrido, Myriam, Forbes, Florence, Unité d'épidémiologie animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Modelling and Inference of Complex and Structured Stochastic Systems (MISTIS), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG), and Forbes, Florence

Subjects
markov, risk mapping, [MATH.MATH-PR]Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], [MATH.MATH-PR] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], approximation
Abstract

International audience; The analysis of the geographic variation of disease and its representation on a map is an important tool in epidemiology which allows the detection of clusters of geographical areas characterized by homogeneity in the estimated relative risks and enables to understand the mechanisms which underlie the spread of the disease. Traditional approaches to disease mapping have some deficiencies and disadvantages in presenting the geographical distribution. The use, for example, of the crude Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) (The epidemiological measure under consideration) which is the ratio of observed cases $y$ over expected cases $e$, is becoming unpopular because of its instability, especially when rare diseases are investigated in an area with a small population. In such a case, both the observed and the expected value are low. As a result, an area with small population tends to present an extreme SMR. Alternatively, Poisson-based models that smooth the risk estimates are proposed to overcome theses deficiencies. The most popular approach in animal epidemiology is based on hierarchical Bayesian approaches designed for the estimation of risk at each geographical unit. The risk classification is performing manually, in a second time, by animal epidemiologists, with the difficult task of defining the risk ranges for each class. We propose an approach based on finite mixture models with spatial constraints, in which the risk classification is performed automatically. We assume that the counts follow a Poisson model and introduce a finite mixture model for the Poisson rates. The allocation to the mixture components is modeled through a hidden Markov Random Field (MRF) using a Potts presentation. Instead of using MCMC, which would be very time-consuming, we introduce the computational implementation of our model via the EM mean field algorithm. EM solution can highly depends on its starting position. In this work, we propose a way of initialization working well for most situations arising in practice. This initialization strategy consists in randomly drawing initial parameters in an appropriate space including all possible EM trajectories. The performance of our model is examined on synthetic data and real data set concerning the Bovin Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in France.

Published
2011

43. Risk mapping based on hidden Markov random field and variational approximations

Author

Azizi, Lamiae, Forbes, Florence, Senan, Doyle, Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Abrial, David, Unité de recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), and Ville service.

Subjects
risk mapping, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], approximation, markov
Published
2011

45. Spatio-temporal risk Mapping based on Hidden Markov random field and variational approximations

Author

Azizi, Lamiae, Abrial, David, Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Forbes, Florence, Modelling and Inference of Complex and Structured Stochastic Systems (MISTIS), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG), Unité d'épidémiologie animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Modelling and Inference of Complex and Structured Stochastic Systems [2007-2015] (MISTIS [2007-2015]), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann [2007-2015] (LJK [2007-2015]), and Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], [STAT.TH]Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2010

46. Approche variationnelle pour la cartographie spatio-temporelle du risque en épidémiologie à l’aide de champs de Markov cachés

Author

Abrial, David, Azizi, Lamiae, Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Forbes, Florence, Unité de recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UEA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)

Subjects
champ de Markov caché, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], cartographie spatio-temporelle
Published
2010

48. Modélisation statistique des événements rares : Le cas des valeurs extrêmes et de l'étude des émergences

Author

Charras-Garrido, Myriam, Khraibani, Zaher, Jacob, Christine, Ducrot, Christian, Unité de Recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UR EpiA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de biométrie et intelligence artificielle de jouy, Jacques Barnouin (Directeur), and Ivan Sache (Directeur)

Subjects
records, aggregats, épidémies, emergence, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], statistique, [MATH]Mathematics [math], événements rares, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2010

49. Comparative Population Genomics of the Borrelia burgdorferi Species Complex Reveals High Degree of Genetic Isolation among Species and Underscores Benefits and Constraints to Studying Intra-Specific Epidemiological Processes

Author

Jacquot, Maude, Gonnet, Mathieu, Ferquel, Elisabeth, Abrial, David, Claude, Alexandre, Gasqui, Patrick, Choumet, Valerie, Charras-garrido, Myriam, Garnier, Martine, Faure, Benjamin, Sertour, Natacha, Dorr, Nelly, De Goer, Jocelyn, Vourc'H, Gwenael, Bailly, Xavier, Jacquot, Maude, Gonnet, Mathieu, Ferquel, Elisabeth, Abrial, David, Claude, Alexandre, Gasqui, Patrick, Choumet, Valerie, Charras-garrido, Myriam, Garnier, Martine, Faure, Benjamin, Sertour, Natacha, Dorr, Nelly, De Goer, Jocelyn, Vourc'H, Gwenael, and Bailly, Xavier

Abstract

Lyme borreliosis, one of the most frequently contracted zoonotic diseases in the Northern Hemisphere, is caused by bacteria belonging to different genetic groups within the Borrelia burgdorferi species complex, which are transmitted by ticks among various wildlife reservoirs, such as small mammals and birds. These features make the Borrelia burgdorferi species complex an attractive biological model that can be used to study the diversification and the epidemiology of endemic bacterial pathogens. We investigated the potential of population genomic approaches to study these processes. Sixty-three strains belonging to three species within the Borrelia burgdorferi complex were isolated from questing ticks in Alsace (France), a region where Lyme disease is highly endemic. We first aimed to characterize the degree of genetic isolation among the species sampled. Phylogenetic and coalescent-based analyses revealed clear delineations: there was a similar to 50 fold difference between intra-specific and inter-specific recombination rates. We then investigated whether the population genomic data contained information of epidemiological relevance. In phylogenies inferred using most of the genome, conspecific strains did not cluster in clades. These results raise questions about the relevance of different strategies when investigating pathogen epidemiology. For instance, here, both classical analytic approaches and phylodynamic simulations suggested that population sizes and migration rates were higher in B. garinii populations, which are normally associated with birds, than in B. burgdorferi s.s. populations. The phylogenetic analyses of the infection-related ospC gene and its flanking region provided additional support for this finding. Traces of recombination among the B. burgdorferi s. s. lineages and lineages associated with small mammals were found, suggesting that they shared the same hosts. Altogether, these results provide baseline evidence that can be used to formulate

Published
2014
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50. Étude des facteurs humains dans le risque d'influenza aviaire H5N1 sur les volailles en Thaïlande

Author

Paul, Mathilde, Tavornpanich, Saraya, Gasqui, Patrick, Garrido, Myriam, Xiao, Xiangming, Gilbert, Marius, Roger, François, Abrial, David, Ducrot, Christian, Unité de Recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UR EpiA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Department of Livestock Development, NationalInstitute of Animal Health (NIAH), University of Oklahoma (OU), Lutte biologique et Ecologie spatiale (LUBIES), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Ecole Interfacultaire de Bioingénieurs, and ProdInra, Migration

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], INFLUENZA AVIAIRE, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2009

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