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10. COVID-19 and self-reported health of the Norwegian adult general population: A longitudinal study 3 months before and 9 months into the pandemic.

Author

Garratt, Andrew M. and Stavem, Knut

Subjects
*COVID-19 pandemic, *SOCIAL participation, *SOCIAL norms, *COVID-19, *POPULATION health
Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic had a global impact on daily lives, and this study aimed to assess the effects on broader aspects of health in the general population of Norway. This population-based cohort study assessed changes in health of the Norwegian general population from 3 months before to 9 months during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sampling was based on the results of Norwegian surveys designed for collecting general population norms for health measurement instruments. In December 2019, 12,790 randomly selected adults aged ≥18 years received a postal questionnaire. The 3,200 respondents received a similar follow-up postal questionnaire including the EQ-5D-5L, PROMIS-29 instruments, and questions about respondents having or having had COVID-19. Score changes were compared to estimates for the minimal important change (MIC) and age-related change. Association of instrument change scores with baseline characteristics, health problems, and having had COVID-19 was determined using multivariable linear regression. Of 3101 respondents with unchanged addresses, 2423 (78.1%) responded to the second survey. For all respondents, EQ VAS and PROMIS-29 scores for 6 of 8 domains were slightly poorer (p<0.01) than before COVID-19, and the mean change was below the MIC. In multivariable analyses, the greatest number of poorer outcomes were associated with being female, 18–29 years, or ≥80 years of age (p<0.01); > MIC for ≥ 80 years of age and EQ-5D index, PROMIS-29 physical function and social participation. Respondents who had COVID-19 had poorer outcomes for PROMIS-29 social participation (> MIC). Those reporting COVID-19 in their partner/family and not themselves, had poorer outcomes for PROMIS-29 anxiety and social participation. About 9 months into the COVID-19 pandemic, EQ-5D-5L and PROMIS-29 domain scores showed slightly poorer health in the Norwegian adult general population compared to 1 year earlier in the same respondents. The overall changes were less than expected for age-related change. Relatively poor outcomes defined as important, included general health and social participation for the elderly, and the latter for those having had COVID-19. In conclusion, this study found no evidence for a decline in important aspects of adult general population health in Norway that might be attributed to the pandemic at approximately 9 months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Patient-reported function, quality of life and prosthesis wear in adults born with one hand: a national cohort study.

Author

Sletten, Ida Neergård, Klungsøyr, Kari, Garratt, Andrew, and Jokihaara, Jarkko

Subjects
LIMB reduction defects, PROSTHETICS, QUALITY of life, HEALTH surveys, FUNCTIONAL status
Abstract

We invited individuals aged above 16 years with a congenital transverse reduction deficiency at and above the wrist born in Norway between 1970 and 2006 to complete the short version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Outcome Measure, the 5-Level EuroQoL-5-Dimension instrument, the RAND 36-Item Short Form Health Survey and a single-item questionnaire on arm function, appearance, pain and prosthesis wear. Of 154 eligible participants, 58 (38%) responded. Their scores were not different from the general population. All had been offered prostheses, and 56 (97%) had been fitted at a median age of 1 year (interquartile range 0–2.8). Of the participants, 37 (64%) were still prosthesis wearers, while 21 (36%) were non-wearers or using gripping devices only. Prosthesis wearers had higher levels of 'vitality' as assessed by the RAND-36 and rated their arm appearance higher, but there were no other score differences, indicating that prosthesis rejection is not associated with worse functional outcomes. Level of evidence: III [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. Emotion regulation in patients with rheumatic diseases: validity and responsiveness of the Emotional Approach Coping Scale (EAC)

Author

Zangi, Heidi A, Garratt, Andrew, Hagen, Kåre Birger, Stanton, Annette L, Mowinckel, Petter, and Finset, Arnstein

Subjects
Health Services and Systems, Health Sciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Arthritis, Mental Health, Clinical Research, Mind and Body, Good Health and Well Being, Activities of Daily Living, Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Emotions, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pain Measurement, Rheumatic Diseases, Stress, Psychological, Young Adult, Clinical Sciences, Orthopedics, Clinical sciences, Allied health and rehabilitation science, Sports science and exercise
Abstract

BackgroundChronic rheumatic diseases are painful conditions which are not entirely controllable and can place high emotional demands on individuals. Increasing evidence has shown that emotion regulation in terms of actively processing and expressing disease-related emotions are likely to promote positive adjustment in patients with chronic diseases. The Emotional Approach Coping Scale (EAC) measures active attempts to acknowledge, understand, and express emotions. Although tested in other clinical samples, the EAC has not been validated for patients with rheumatic diseases. This study evaluated the data quality, internal consistency reliability, validity and responsiveness of the Norwegian version of the EAC for this group of patients.Methods220 patients with different rheumatic diseases were included in a cross-sectional study in which data quality and internal consistency were assessed. Construct validity was assessed through comparisons with the Brief Approach/Avoidance Coping Questionnaire (BACQ) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-20). Responsiveness was tested in a longitudinal pretest-posttest study of two different coping interventions, the Vitality Training Program (VTP) and a Self-Management Program (SMP).ResultsThe EAC had low levels of missing data. Results from principal component analysis supported two subscales, Emotional Expression and Emotional Processing, which had high Cronbach's alphas of 0.90 and 0.92, respectively. The EAC had correlations with approach-oriented items in the BACQ in the range 0.17-0.50. The EAC Expression scale had a significant negative correlation with the GHQ-20 of -0.13. As hypothesized, participation in the VTP significantly improved EAC scores, indicating responsiveness to change.ConclusionThe EAC is an acceptable and valid instrument for measuring emotional processing and expression in patients with rheumatic diseases. The EAC scales were responsive to change in an intervention designed to promote emotion regulation. The instrument has not yet been tested for test-retest reliability, which is recommended in future studies.

Published
2009

16. A comparison of four approaches to measuring health outcome

Author

Garratt, Andrew M.

Subjects
150, Patient perception, Quality of life, Tests
Abstract

Objectives. To compare four diverse approaches to measuring patient perceptions about health outcomes; the SF-36 Health Survey; clinically derived condition specific instruments; daily time trade-off (DTTO); patient generated index (PGI). The relationship between the instruments and their responsiveness to changes in Health Related Quality of Life (HRQL) was assessed. Results. The response rate exceeded 75% (1327 respondents). The SF-36 had Cronbach's Alpha values above the criterion of 0.7. Test-retest estimates were above 0.7 for al but the role-limitations scales which were above the criterion of 0.5. The specific instruments produced Alpha values and test-retest estimates above 0.7. The DTTO and PGI produced estimates of reliability above 0.5. Evidence for the construct validity of the SF-36 was demonstrated by the differences in scale scores between the general population and four condition-specific groups. Evidence for the construct validity of the specific instruments and PGI was demonstrated by the significant moderate levels of correlation with the SF-36. Evidence for the validity of all four approaches was demonstrated by patient scores behaving as predicted in relation to condition-specific and sociodemographic variables. Comparisons of the four approaches show that the relationship between them is condition dependent. Score changes for the SF-36, specific instruments and PGI were significantly related to self reported health transition. The SRMs for the specific instruments were significantly greater than those for the SF-36. Conclusions. These results demonstrate that the SF-36 has similar properties in United Kingdom patient populations as those in the United States and is satisfactory for comparisons of groups. The clinically derived approach is recommended for constructing instruments where no suitable condition-specific instrument exists. These two approaches are recommended for use as part of a package of instruments for assessing health outcomes.

Published
1997

20. Report of the Council for 2013

Author

Pullinger, John, Shah, Hetan, Simpson, Sarah, Beeby, Jack, Freeman, Jenny, Beerten, Roeland, Hughes, Mike, Aitken, Colin, Smith, Ron, Keir, Scott, Gentry, Paul, Lewis, Trevor, Pyke, Stephen, Krzanowski, Wojtek, McConway, Kevin, Baxter, Paul, Davies, Neville, Forster, Jon, Owen, Martin, McGinty, Jon, Virdee, Dev, Garratt, Andrew, Smallbone, David, Lee, Duncan, Teare, Dawn, Craggs, Carolyn, Spencer, Neil, Owen, Alun, Sperrin, Matthew, Evangelou, Evangelos, Kraus, Debbie, Liu, Jiayi, Hall, Malcolm, Hampson, Lisa, Fleming, Sarah, Kontopantelis, Evangelos, Jorgensen, Andrea, Ansell, Phil, MacKenzie, Gilbert, Hopewell, Jemma, Valdes-Marquez, Elsa, Everitt, Richard, Hilditch, Sara, Murray, Liam, Valle, Luciana Dalla, Kimani, Peter, Swires-Hennessy, Ed, and Vincent, Sayer

Published
2014

24. Report of the Council for 2012

Author

Simpson, Sarah, Baxter, Paul, Shah, Hetan, Senn, Stephen, Garratt, Andrew, Leyland, Jill, Aitken, Colin, Smith, Ron, Swain, Frank, Gentry, Paul, Emmerson, Nicola, Lewis, Trevor, Beerten, Roeland, Krzanowski, Wojtek, McConway, Kevin, Hurcomb, Debra, Barker, Sarah, Bidgood, Penny, Davies, Neville, Forster, Jon, Owen, Martin, Duckworth, Frank, Champkin, Julian, Church, Jenny, Tucker, James, Virdee, Dev, Duffy, Ken, Horrocks, Kirsty-Ann, Lee, Duncan, Clarke, Paul, Teare, Dawn, Aniyeloye, Deborah, Craggs, Carolyn, Fryzlewicz, Piotr, Walker, Alison, Owen, Alun, Spencer, Neil, Kavanagh, Kim, Bud-Frierman, Lisa, Marchant, Maurice, Pillinger, Rebecca, Butler, Adam, Torsney, Ben, Hall, Malcolm, Hampson, Lisa, Logsdon, John, Bonnett, Laura, Ansell, Phil, Gordon, Alan, Hopewell, Jemma, Hilditch, Sara, Murray, Liam, Valle, Luciana Dalla, Kimani, Peter, Bland, Martin, Pullinger, John, and Swires-Hennessy, Ed

Published
2013

27. Report of the Council for 2010

Author

Isham, Valerie, Dougherty, Martin, Simpson, Sarah, Lewis, Trevor, Senn, Stephen, Garratt, Andrew, Leyland, Jill, Aitken, Colin, Smith, Ron, Griffiths, Martin, Gentry, Paul, Emmerson, Nicola, Garrett, Andy, Goodall, Gerald, McColl, John, Bidgood, Penny, Hurcomb, Debra, Davies, Neville, Forster, Jon, Owen, Martin, Duckworth, Frank, Champkin, Julian, Sweetland, Mary, Church, Jenny, Murray, Liam, Grossman, Heiko, Chandler, Richard, Barnett, Vic, Stander, Julian, Walters, Stephen, Harris, Liz, Craggs, Carolyn, Samworth, Richard, Fielding, Antony, Lannon, Jenny, Martin, David, Marchant, Maurice, Henderson, G. Robin, Kounali, Daphne, Spowage, Mairi, Torsney, Ben, Hall, Malcolm, Sperrin, Matthew, Baxter, Paul, Logsdon, John, Bonnett, Laura, Gordon, Alan, Hopewell, Jemma, Hilditch, Sara, Eales, John, Kimani, Peter, Grimes, Tom, Vincent, Sayer, and Elliott, Helen

Published
2011

28. Report of the Council for 2009

Author

Hand, David J., Dougherty, Martin, Simpson, Sarah, Goodall, Gerald, Lewis, Trevor, Bird, Sheila, Garratt, Andrew, Leyland, Jill, Aitken, Colin, Goddard, Ivor, Smith, Ron, Gentry, Paul, Bowman, Adrian, Emmerson, Nicola, Garrett, Andy, McColl, John, Bidgood, Penny, Hurcomb, Debra, Owen, Martin, Henderson, Robin, Duckworth, Frank, Champkin, Julian, Sweetland, Mary, Church, Jenny, Murray, Liam, Grossmann, Heiko, Chandler, Richard, Barnett, Vic, Stander, Julian, Walters, Stephen, Harris, Liz, Henderson, G. Robin, Samworth, Richard, Fielding, Antony, Mugglestone, Moira, Lannon, Jenny, Martin, David, Merchant, Maurice, Kounali, Daphne, Brignell, Chris, Spowage, Mairi, Torsney, Ben, Mayer, Claus Dieter, Su, Ting-Li, Baxter, Paul, Logsdon, John, Hildreth, Tony, Hopewell, Jemma, Baksh, Fazil, Hilditch, Sara, Smith, Paul, Eales, John, Turner, Heather, Grimes, Tom, Hand, David, and Vincent, Sayer

Published
2010

29. Report of the Council for 2008

Author

Hand, David, Dougherty, Martin, Simpson, Sarah, Bird, Sheila, Garratt, Andrew, Aitken, Colin, Gentry, Paul, Bowman, Adrian, Emmerson, Nicola, Garrett, Andy, Goodall, Gerald, Starkings, Susan, Hurcomb, Debra, Henderson, Robin, Owen, Martin, Henderson, Rob, Dugmore, Keith, and Church, Jenny

Published
2009

46. Additional file 2 of The DAMASK trial protocol: a pragmatic randomised trial to evaluate whether GPs should have direct access to MRI for patients with suspected internal derangement of the knee

Author

Brealey, Stephen D, Atwell, Christine, Bryan, Stirling, Coulton, Simon, Cox, Helen, Cross, Ben, Fylan, Fiona, Garratt, Andrew, Gilbert, Fiona J, Gillan, Maureen GC, Hendry, Maggie, Hood, Kerenza, Houston, Helen, King, David, Morton, Veronica, Orchard, Jo, Robling, Michael, Russell, Ian T, Torgerson, David, Wadsworth, Valerie, and Wilkinson, Clare

Subjects
Data_FILES
Abstract

Authors’ original file for figure 2

Published
2021
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47. Additional file 3 of The DAMASK trial protocol: a pragmatic randomised trial to evaluate whether GPs should have direct access to MRI for patients with suspected internal derangement of the knee

Author

Brealey, Stephen D, Atwell, Christine, Bryan, Stirling, Coulton, Simon, Cox, Helen, Cross, Ben, Fylan, Fiona, Garratt, Andrew, Gilbert, Fiona J, Gillan, Maureen GC, Hendry, Maggie, Hood, Kerenza, Houston, Helen, King, David, Morton, Veronica, Orchard, Jo, Robling, Michael, Russell, Ian T, Torgerson, David, Wadsworth, Valerie, and Wilkinson, Clare

Subjects
Data_FILES
Abstract

Authors’ original file for figure 3

Published
2021
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48. Additional file 4 of The DAMASK trial protocol: a pragmatic randomised trial to evaluate whether GPs should have direct access to MRI for patients with suspected internal derangement of the knee

Author

Brealey, Stephen D, Atwell, Christine, Bryan, Stirling, Coulton, Simon, Cox, Helen, Cross, Ben, Fylan, Fiona, Garratt, Andrew, Gilbert, Fiona J, Gillan, Maureen GC, Hendry, Maggie, Hood, Kerenza, Houston, Helen, King, David, Morton, Veronica, Orchard, Jo, Robling, Michael, Russell, Ian T, Torgerson, David, Wadsworth, Valerie, and Wilkinson, Clare

Subjects
Data_FILES
Abstract

Authors’ original file for figure 4

Published
2021
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50. Additional file 1 of The DAMASK trial protocol: a pragmatic randomised trial to evaluate whether GPs should have direct access to MRI for patients with suspected internal derangement of the knee

Author

Brealey, Stephen D, Atwell, Christine, Bryan, Stirling, Coulton, Simon, Cox, Helen, Cross, Ben, Fylan, Fiona, Garratt, Andrew, Gilbert, Fiona J, Gillan, Maureen GC, Hendry, Maggie, Hood, Kerenza, Houston, Helen, King, David, Morton, Veronica, Orchard, Jo, Robling, Michael, Russell, Ian T, Torgerson, David, Wadsworth, Valerie, and Wilkinson, Clare

Subjects
Data_FILES
Abstract

Authors’ original file for figure 1

Published
2021
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