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High-intensity phototherapy that irradiates from two directions may be more effective than conventional phototherapy in treating newborns with jaundice. Researchers constructed a high-intensity double-surface (HIDS) phototherapy fluid bed and compared its effectiveness to conventional phototherapy (CPT) on 50 newborns with jaundice. Newborns who received the HIDS phototherapy had significantly lower bilirubin blood levels after 24 hours of therapy than did newborns receiving CPT. The HIDS phototherapy irradiated more of the skin surface at a higher intensity than did CPT. The fluid bed trapped heat and was more comfortable for infants. The HIDS phototherapy system can be put together using existing hospital equipment for newborns., Objective. To evaluate a simple, relatively inexpensive method using the fluid bed to provide high-intensity double-surface (HIDS) phototherapy and to confirm that the method described is more effective than conventional phototherapy (CPT) in the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Design. Prospective controlled study. Method. HIDS phototherapy (26 to 30 [micro]W/c[m.sup.2] per nanometer) on the fluid bed (n = 22) versus conventional (7 to 10 [micro]W/c[m.sup.2] per nanometer) phototherapy (n = 28) was used to treat neonates weighing more than 1500 g with hyperbilirubinemia. Results. After 24 hours of therapy, the bilirubin in the group receiving HIDS phototherapy was significantly lower. The mean rate of fall of bilirubin was 5.34 [micro]mol/L per hour in the group receiving HIDS phototherapy versus 0.7 [micro]mol/L per hour in the group receiving CPT. HIDS phototherapy on a fluid bed was well tolerated. Conclusion. HIDS phototherapy on the fluid bed is significantly more effective in reducing bilirubin than CPT. It can be easily and economically provided using equipment currently available in most neonatal units. Pediatrics 1995; 95:914-916; high-intensity double-surface phototherapy, conventional phototherapy, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, jaundice, fluid bed., ABBREVIATIONS. CPT, conventional phototherapy; HIDS, high-intensity double-surface; SBR, serum bilirubin. The current dose of phototherapy is based on what is convenient to administer and not the most effective dose.(1) The [...]

Byline: A.K. Garg, I.B. Matshediso, Deepti Garg Most of the studies that are based on motivation of entrepreneurs have not studied people who would have great potential to become entrepreneurs but do not have their own businesses. This study explored the relationship between individual motivational factors critical to business success and an individual's intention to become an entrepreneur from such people. 56 responses from employees of the diamond cutting industry in Botswana, 17 computer science and 12 civil engineering students were analysed using PLS. Only one motivation factor (opportunity recognition) had a positive relationship with the intention to become an entrepreneur, while other motives could not be validated. Locus of control, self efficacy and intention to become an entrepreneur were validated for respondents who had some business background, indicating the relevance of business experience. These results suggest that training and incubation activities in Botswanas' mineral sector can enhance the motives of individuals in the entrepreneurial process.