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Over the past 80 years, tilapia have been translocated globally for aquaculture; active production is recorded in >124 countries. Of 7 million tonnes of tilapia produced in aquaculture, 79% is from 79 countries outside the natural range of tilapia. Capture fisheries account for a further 723,627 tonnes of tilapia, and >47% of this is landed from established invasive populations outside Africa. Tilapias host a rich fauna of parasites, many of which have been translocated with their hosts. This review summarises >2500 host-parasite records from 73+ countries and >820 recorded tilapia translocations (provided in the supplementary materials). This work focuses on the notable pathogens that threaten the health of cultured populations of tilapia, providing a description of their pathology and includes species that also have substantial impacts on wild tilapia populations, where relevant. For each major parasite taxonomic group, we highlight which parasites have been translocated or have been acquired from the new environments into which tilapia have been introduced, together with remarks on standard treatment approaches and research on them and their management and control. Regarding the theme 'Tilapia health: quo vadis?', Africa has enormous potential for aquaculture growth, but substantial knowledge gaps about tilapia parasites in many African states remain, which creates associated production and biosecurity risks. For each parasitic group, therefore, the risks of parasite translocation to new regions as tilapia aquaculture industries expand are highlighted. Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad), Grant/Award Numbers: GCP/GLO/352/NOR, GCP/GLO/979/NOR; This study was supported by two FAO projects, namely, GCP/GLO/ 979/NOR: Improving Biosecurity Governance and Legal Framework for Efficient and Sustainable Aquaculture Production and GCP/GLO/ 352/NOR: Responsible use of fisheries and aquaculture resources for sustainable development, both funded by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad). We also acknowledge the support from Regular Programme funds under FAO's strategic framework on better production and three relevant programme priority areas, that is Blue Transformation, One Health and Safe Food. The authors gratefully acknowledge the following funding agencies: Annemarie Avenant-Oldewage would like to thank the University of Johannesburg, Faculty, and the Central Research Committee Funding in support of this work. Adriana García-Vásquez and Miguel Rubio-Godoy gratefully acknowledge INECOL Institutional Funds supporting their participation in this study. Roman Kuchta was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (grant no. 19-28399X). Jesús S. Hernández-Orts benefited from a postdoctoral fellowship from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACyT, Mexico (no. 177603). Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de Leon gratefully acknowledges Institutional funds from ENES-Mérida and Instituto de Biología, UNAM. Maarten P. M. Vanhove was mainly supported for tilapia parasite research by the Research Foundation—Flanders (FWO-Vlaanderen) (research grant 1513419N), the Special Research Fund of Hasselt University (BOF20TT06 and BOF21INCENT09), and the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BRAIN-be Pioneer Project BR/132/PI/TILAPIA). Pravata Kumar Pradhan and Neeraj Sood would like to thank the Director of ICAR—National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow for kindly providing the facilities for aspects of this work to be undertaken. Melba G. Bondad-Reantaso gratefully acknowledges the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO). In addition, we would like to extend our grateful thanks to the following for their kind permission to use selected images in this study: Liesl Van As and Andri Grobbelaar from the Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, Republic of South Africa and the Editorial Office of African Zoology; Harrison Charo-Karisa, Shimaa Ali and John Benzie from WorldFish, Abbassa, Egypt and Penang, Malaysia and the Editorial Office of Aquaculture (Elsevier); Heba Hassan Mahboub and Adel A. Shaheen, Zagazig University, Egypt; Kwanprasert Panchai, Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University and Chutima Hanjavanit, Khon Kaen University, Thailand; Mahmoud Abou-Okada from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt; Ha Thanh Dong, Asian Institute of Technology, Pathum Thani, Thailand; Supranee Chinabut, Bangkok, Thailand; Tarinee Limakom, Fish Vet Group Asia, Thailand; Nehemiah Rindoria, Kisii University, Kenya; Johan Theron from the University of Limpopo, South Africa; Patience Chwe Igeh and Quinton Dos Santos from the University of Johannesburg, South Africa; Wouter Fannes, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium; Volodimir Sarabeev, Zaporizhzhia National University, Ukraine; Radmila Repová, Institute ˇ of Parasitology, BC, CAS, Ceské Bud ˇ ejovice, Czech Republic; Leo Galli, ˇ Uruguay; and, to Giuseppe Paladini from the Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Scotland, UK. We are indebted to Greta Hanako Rosas Saito BSc, Scanning Electron Microscopy Technician, Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, and to Mrs Gina Gallo Cadena, Graphic Designer, Red TIC's, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Xalapa, Mexico for their invaluable contribution in the preparation and photography of parasite specimens for the figure plates. We would also like to thank Beng-Chu Kua from the National Fish Health Research Division, Fisheries Research Institute, Department of Fisheries Malaysia for kindly donating fixed samples of Zeylanicobdella arugamensis and Ratchakorn Wongwaradechkul, INVE (Thailand) Ltd. for photographs of leeches. Wilmien J. Luus-Powell (University of Limpopo), Maarten Van Steenberge (Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences) and Arnaud Collard are cordially thanked for their input. Tim Benson, South Australian Museum, provided comment on the Latin names and parasite taxonomy. Open access publishing facilitated by James Cook University, as part of the Wiley-James Cook University agreement via the Council of Australian University Librarians

La seudoobstrucción colónica aguda, conocida como síndrome de Ogilvie, se hace referencia a una dilatación masiva del colon (en especial de colon derecho) sin asociar a la misma, una obstrucción mecánica subyacente u otra causa orgánica. Los mecanismos fisiopatológicos de esta enfermedad aún no están bien definidos, sin embargo, se cree que existe algún tipo de alteración funcional en el sistema nervioso entérico. Su incidencia es baja y se presenta con mayor frecuencia en pacientes que asocian algún tipo de comorbilidad, personas hospitalizadas o institucionalizadas así como, aquellos que han ameritado intervenciones quirúrgicas recientes. Las manifestaciones clínicas incluyen distensión y dolor abdominal, náuseas con vómitos y estreñimiento. Su diagnóstico es de exclusión y requiere descartar causas estructurales por medio de pruebas clínicas y radiológicas. La perforación y la isquemia intestinal son las complicaciones más graves. Su manejo es amplio y varía desde conducta observacional y conservadora hasta la intervención quirúrgica. El porcentaje de curación es 80% con recidivas en 6-14%, de los cuales 20% necesitaran cirugía. El pronóstico y la supervivencia del paciente dependen del reconocimiento, diagnóstico y manejo terapéutico oportuno.

Groundwater is a strategic resource for economic development, social justice, environmental sustainability, and water governance. The lower Casas Grandes River Basin, located in the state of Chihuahua, México, is in a semi-arid region with increasing groundwater demand and regional challenges such as drought and depletion of aquifers. Even though there is official information about the availability of groundwater, a comprehensive aquifer characterization requiring an interdisciplinary investigation using a diverse suite of tools and multiple data sources has yet to be carried out. This study presents a multi-technique framework to evaluate potential sites to drill for groundwater resources and reduce the risk of unsuccessful drilling. The main components of the methodology include wellhead leveling correction with a differential global positioning survey to define piezometric levels, principal component analysis using LANDSAT-8 images, application of geospatial tools, geophysics analysis using time domain electromagnetic surveys (TDES) and vertical electric soundings (VES), and structural geohydrology to define aquifer characteristics. The results showed that using the proposed framework steps improved the possibility of identifying subsurface layers with lower resistivity values that could be related to groundwater. Low resistivity values (35 Ohm-m) were found at depths from 50 to 85 m at sites where the regional static water level reached a depth of 245 m, indicating the potential location of a shallow groundwater resource at a site where the intersection of a fracture trace was identified. This procedure can be used in other regions in the world where limited information is available for groundwater exploration, thus reducing the risk of drilling dry wells in complex hydrogeological environments.

La presenta investigación se basa en un estudio del diseño de un Centro Tecnológico Artesanal, el cual fue presentado con el fin de promover el legado cultural en la provincia de Lamas, siendo preciso considerar para su desarrollo una tipología aplicada como parte del marco metodológico, como también un diseño no experimental y nivel descriptivo-correlacional, con una muestra constituida por 375 habitantes, empleando como principales técnicas de recolección la encuesta, el análisis documental, el fichaje y la observación directa. Llegando a concluir que el estudio del centro tecnológico artesanal influye en un 34.57% en la mejora de las técnicas de producción, en ese sentido, se logró confirmar la aceptación de la hipótesis alterna de la investigación el cual indica que el estudio del diseño de un Centro Tecnológico Artesanal influye significativamente en la mejora de las técnicas de producción promoviendo el legado cultural de la Provincia de Lamas, además el valor de significancia alcanzado fue menor a (0.05), es decir, se obtuvo un (valor-p=0.000), confirmando además una correlación positiva moderada dado que el valor (Rho=0.588**). The present research is based on a study of the design of a Technological Handicraft Center, which was presented with the purpose of promoting the cultural legacy in the province of Lamas. An applied typology must be used for its development as part of the methodological framework, as well as a non-experimental design and a descriptive-correlational level. The sample consisted of 375 inhabitants, using as main collection techniques the survey, the documentary analysis, the file recording and the direct observation. It was concluded that the study of the handicraft technological center influences in a 34.57% the improvement of production techniques, in this sense, it was possible to confirm the acceptance of the alternative hypothesis of the research which indicates that the study of the design of a Handicraft Technological Center significantly influences the improvement of production techniques promoting the cultural legacy of the Province of Lamas. In addition, the significance value reached was less than (0.05), i.e., a (p-value=0.000) was obtained, confirming a moderate positive correlation given that the value (Rho=0.588**).

Groundwater is a strategic resource for economic development, social justice, environmental sustainability, and water governance. The Lower Casas Grandes Basin located in the state of Chihuahua, Mexico is in a semi-arid region that has increasing groundwater demands while confronting regional challenges such as adverse climate change scenarios and depleting aquifers. Even though there is official information about the availability of groundwater, comprehensive aquifer characterization is still uncertain and needs interdisciplinary investigation using a diverse suite of tools and multiple data sources. This study presents a multi-technique framework to evaluate potential sites to drill for groundwater resources. The main components of the methodology included: wellhead leveling correction with a differential global positioning survey to define piezometric levels, principal component analysis using Landsat-8 images, application of geospatial tools, geophysics using Time Domain Electromagnetic Surveys and Vertical Electric Soundings and structural geohydrology to define aquifer characteristics. Results show that the application of the framework enhances the possibility of successful drilling for groundwater while saving time and money using “pin-point” positioning for drilling sites as compared to a traditional extensive groundwater exploration approach. Low resistivity values (35 Ohm-m) were found at depths from 50m to 85m at sites where the regional static water level reached 245 m deep adding a shallow groundwater potential at sites where the intersection of fracture trace was identified. This procedure can be used at other sites where limited or minimum information is available for groundwater exploration to reduce the risk of drilling dry wells in complex hydrogeological environments.

Gastric adenocarcinoma is the result of the progression of preneoplastic lesions in gastric mucosa. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the main environmental risk factor linked to the multistep progression from precancerous conditions to gastric cancer. Identification of early diagnosis biomarkers in preneoplastic lesions could prevent progression to cancer. microRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that have emerged as promising candidates with diagnostic and prognostic potential. miRNAs differentially expressed and functional enrichment analysis were identified in miRNomes of gastric preneoplastic samples available at the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) and in gastric adenocarcinoma samples from TCGA databases by limma-voom linear model on the Galaxy Collections platform and R package. The prognostic value of miRNAs was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier assays. The expression level of miR-18a-5p was determined by RT-qPCR in preneoplastic lesion samples from Mexican patients positive to pathogenic H. pylori and in the H. pylori-AGS cells co-cultures. Fifteen miRNAs were progressively deregulated in the multistep gastric carcinogenesis model, and they were predictors of the outcome in gastric adenocarcinoma patients. Additionally, miR-18a-5p was significantly upregulated in gastric tumors compared to normal gastric epithelium samples and it was also associated with better overall survival in GC patients. The expression of miR-18a-5p was significantly inhibited in gastric preneoplastic lesions positive to pathogenic H. pylori. Further, miR-18a-5p was up-regulated in AGS cells infected with pathogenic H. pylori strain. In conclusion, miRNAs signature distinguished the gastric lesions through malignant transformation process, including miR-18a-5p, which was exclusively associated with H. pylori infection.

Monkeypox (MPX), a zoonotic infection caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), has re-emerged worldwide with numerous confirmed cases with person-to-person transmission through close contacts, including in sexual networks. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the epidemiological situation of monkeypox transmission by possible sexual contact. A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases until 18 August 2022. The key search terms used were “monkeypox”, “sexual contact”, “sexual intercourse” and “sexual transmission”. A total of 1291 articles were retrieved using the search strategy. After eliminating duplicates (n = 738) and examining by title, abstract, and full text, 28 studies reporting case reports of monkeypox with a detailed description of clinical features, sexually transmitted diseases, method of diagnosis, location and course of skin lesions, and treatment were included. A total of 4222 confirmed cases of monkeypox have been reported, of which 3876 monkeypox cases are the result of transmission by sexual contact distributed in twelve countries: 4152 cases were male with a mean age of 36 years. All confirmed cases of monkeypox were diagnosed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The most frequent clinical manifestations were fever, lymphadenopathy, headache, malaise, and painful perianal and genital lesions. The most frequent locations of the lesions were perianal, genital, oral, trunk, upper and lower extremities. Patients were in good clinical condition, with treatment based on analgesics and antipyretics to relieve some symptoms of monkeypox. A high proportion of STIs and frequent anogenital symptoms were found, suggesting transmissibility through local inoculation during close skin-to-skin or mucosal contact during sexual activity. The highest risk of monkeypox transmission occurs in men who have sex with men, and MPXV DNA could be recovered in seminal fluid. It is essential to establish health policies for the early detection and management of patients with monkeypox.

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene por objetivo medir el nivel de posicionamiento de agua mineral de manantial Única, en la provincia de Trujillo, se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo no experimental, y diseño descriptivo. Para recolectar la información se utilizó, técnicas de recolección de datos como la encuesta, la cual se aplicó de manera online mediante formularios de google, a una muestra de 351 consumidores de agua en bidones de 20 Lts, entre las edades de 18 a 65 años, se obtuvo que la marca de agua mineral de manantial Única, presenta un bajo nivel de reconocimiento de isotipo con un 10%, asimismo dentro de ese 10% de consumidores que la reconocen, el 7% indica que valoran la marca por su sabor, asimismo los consumidores de agua en bidones, valorar el atributo precio a la hora de elegir. Finalmente se concluye que los resultados logrados establecieron al posicionamiento de agua mineral de manantial Única, como bajo para ello la empresa debe realizar un plan de marketing, un estudio de nicho de mercado, segmentación de su público objetivo, y analizar sus procesos de la cadena de valor. Trujillo Escuela de Posgrado Modelo y Herramientas Gerenciales Desarrollo sostenible, emprendimientos y responsabilidad social. Desarrollo económico, empleo y emprendimiento Trabajo decente y crecimiento económico

La presente tesis se enmarcó en la línea de investigación Gestión de políticas públicas. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la relación entre el proyecto de inversión pública y la gestión municipal en los territorios de la Comunidades Nativas del Distrito de Yaguas, Loreto, 2021. La investigación fue de tipo básico, con diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, correlacional. La población estuvo conformada por los trabajadores de los territorios de la Comunidades Nativas del Distrito de Yaguas. La muestra estuvo conformada por 53 trabajadores. La técnica utilizada para la recolección de información fue la encuesta y el instrumento fue el cuestionario. El cuestionario para medir la variable proyecto de inversión pública estuvo conformado por 20 ítems y el cuestionario para medir la variable gestión municiapal por 18 ítems. Se utilizó el software estadístico SPSS versión 25 para procesar los datos. Los resultados de la investigación determinaron que la variable proyecto de inversión pública se relaciona directa y significativamente con la variable gestión municipal, con un coeficiente de correlación de rho = 0.724** con un p_valor calculado de 0.000 lo que permitió la comprobación de la hipótesis planteada concluyendo que la relación entre las variables es positiva alta. Lima Norte Escuela de Posgrado Gestión de políticas públicas Biodiversidad, cambio climático y calidad ambiental Fortalecimiento de la democracia, ciudadanía y cultura de paz Fin de la pobreza

PURPOSE: Since pediatric surgeons aim to follow their patients with anorectal malformations (ARM) into adulthood the aim of this study was to investigate how pediatric surgeons deal with sexual issues related to ARM. METHODS: In 2018, a questionnaire was developed by the working group "Follow-up and sexuality" of the ARM-Net consortium and sent to all consortium-linked pediatric surgeons from 31 European pediatric surgical centers. Obtained data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-eight of 37 pediatric surgeons (18 males/10 females) answered the questionnaire. The majority of pediatric surgeons (82%) think they should talk about sexual issues with their patient. More than 50% of pediatric surgeons do not feel at all or only moderately confident discussing the topic of sexuality. Most pediatric surgeons require more support (96%) and wish to be trained in sexuality and sexual issues (78%) to feel confident towards their ARM-patients/parents. For optimal care, sexual issues with ARM-patients should be managed by a multidisciplinary team. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric surgeons feel that sexuality is an important issue for their ARM-patients, which they are primarily responsible of but should be managed in concert with a multidisciplinary team. A training in sexuality is wished to feel more confident about this specific issue. ispartof: PEDIATRIC SURGERY INTERNATIONAL vol:35 issue:9 pages:935-943 ispartof: location:Germany status: published

Una compañia colombiana quiere mejorar el proceso de entrega de pedidos a clientes, y para ello desea abrir nuevos depositos en la ciudad. La compañia necesita un algoritmo que permita ubicar las bodegas, teniendo en cuenta minimizar la distancia de las rutas que saldran de cada bodega. A Colombian company wants to improve the delivery process, and for this they want to open new warehouses in a city they operate in. The company needs an algorithm that allows locating the warehouses, taking into account minimizing the distance of the routes that will leave each warehouse. Magíster en Ingeniería Industrial Maestría