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2. First observations of core-transiting seismic phases on Mars

Author

Irving, Jessica CE, Lekić, Vedran, Durán, Cecilia, Drilleau, Mélanie, Kim, Doyeon, Rivoldini, Attilio, Khan, Amir, Samuel, Henri, Antonangeli, Daniele, Banerdt, William Bruce, Beghein, Caroline, Bozdağ, Ebru, Ceylan, Savas, Charalambous, Constantinos, Clinton, John, Davis, Paul, Garcia, Raphaël, Giardini, Domenico, Horleston, Anna Catherine, Huang, Quancheng, Hurst, Kenneth J, Kawamura, Taichi, King, Scott D, Knapmeyer, Martin, Li, Jiaqi, Lognonné, Philippe, Maguire, Ross, Panning, Mark P, Plesa, Ana-Catalina, Schimmel, Martin, Schmerr, Nicholas C, Stähler, Simon C, Stutzmann, Eleonore, and Xu, Zongbo

Subjects
Mars, core evolution, planetary structure
Abstract

We present the first observations of seismic waves propagating through the core of Mars. These observations, made using seismic data collected by the InSight geophysical mission, have allowed us to construct the first seismically constrained models for the elastic properties of Mars' core. We observe core-transiting seismic phase SKS from two farside seismic events detected on Mars and measure the travel times of SKS relative to mantle traversing body waves. SKS travels through the core as a compressional wave, providing information about bulk modulus and density. We perform probabilistic inversions using the core-sensitive relative travel times together with gross geophysical data and travel times from other, more proximal, seismic events to seek the equation of state parameters that best describe the liquid iron-alloy core. Our inversions provide constraints on the velocities in Mars' core and are used to develop the first seismically based estimates of its composition. We show that models informed by our SKS data favor a somewhat smaller (median core radius = 1,780 to 1,810 km) and denser (core density = 6.2 to 6.3 g/cm3) core compared to previous estimates, with a P-wave velocity of 4.9 to 5.0 km/s at the core-mantle boundary, with the composition and structure of the mantle as a dominant source of uncertainty. We infer from our models that Mars' core contains a median of 20 to 22 wt% light alloying elements when we consider sulfur, oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. These data can be used to inform models of planetary accretion, composition, and evolution.

Published
2023

3. Low Frequency Marsquakes and Where to Find Them: Back Azimuth Determination Using a Polarization Analysis Approach

Author

Zenhäusern, Géraldine, Stähler, Simon C., Clinton, John F., Giardini, Domenico, Ceylan, Savas, and Garcia, Raphaël F.

Subjects
Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

NASA's InSight mission on Mars continues to record seismic data over 3 years after landing, and to date, over a thousand marsquakes have been identified. With only a single seismic station, the determination of the epicentral location is far more challenging than on Earth. The Marsquake Service (MQS) produces seismicity catalogues from data collected by InSight and provides distance and back azimuth estimates when these can be reliably determined - when both are available these are combined to provide a location. Currently, MQS do not assign a back azimuth to the vast majority of marsquakes. In this work we develop and apply a polarization analysis method to determine the back azimuth of seismic events from the polarization of observed P and S-wave arrivals. The method is first applied to synthetic marsquakes, and then calibrated using a set of well-located earthquakes that have been recorded in Tennant Creek, Australia. We find that the back azimuth is estimated reliably using our polarization method. The same approach is then used for a set of high quality marsquakes recorded up to October 2021. We are able to estimate back azimuths for 24 marsquakes, 16 of these without MQS back azimuths. We locate most events to the east of InSight, in the general region of Cerberus Fossae., Comment: 27 pages, 11 figures. Supplement 24 pages, 23 figures

Published
2022
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5. The Lunar Geophysical Network Landing Sites Science Rationale

Author

Haviland, Heidi Fuqua, Weber, Renee C., Neal, Clive R., Lognonné, Philippe, Garcia, Raphaël F., Schmerr, Nicholas, Nagihara, Seiichi, Grimm, Robert, Currie, Douglas G., Dell'Agnello, Simone, Watters, Thomas R., Panning, Mark P., Johnson, Catherine L., Yamada, Ryuhei, Knapmeyer, Martin, Ostrach, Lillian R., Kawamura, Taichi, Petro, Noah, and Bremner, Paul M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

The Lunar Geophysical Network (LGN) mission is proposed to land on the Moon in 2030 and deploy packages at four locations to enable geophysical measurements for 6-10 years. Returning to the lunar surface with a long-lived geophysical network is a key next step to advance lunar and planetary science. LGN will greatly expand our primarily Apollo-based knowledge of the deep lunar interior by identifying and characterizing mantle melt layers, as well as core size and state. To meet the mission objectives, the instrument suite provides complementary seismic, geodetic, heat flow, and electromagnetic observations. We discuss the network landing site requirements and provide example sites that meet these requirements. Landing site selection will continue to be optimized throughout the formulation of this mission. Possible sites include the P-5 region within the Procellarum KREEP Terrane (PKT; (lat:$15^{\circ}$; long:$-35^{\circ}$), Schickard Basin (lat:$-44.3^{\circ}$; long:$-55.1^{\circ}$), Crisium Basin (lat:$18.5^{\circ}$; long:$61.8^{\circ}$), and the farside Korolev Basin (lat:$-2.4^{\circ}$; long:$-159.3^{\circ}$). Network optimization considers the best locations to observe seismic core phases, e.g., ScS and PKP. Ray path density and proximity to young fault scarps are also analyzed to provide increased opportunities for seismic observations. Geodetic constraints require the network to have at least three nearside stations at maximum limb distances. Heat flow and electromagnetic measurements should be obtained away from terrane boundaries and from magnetic anomalies at locations representative of global trends. An in-depth case study is provided for Crisium. In addition, we discuss the consequences for scientific return of less than optimal locations or number of stations., Comment: 34 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, 1 appendix. Accepted manuscript, The Planetary Science Journal

Published
2021

7. Potential Pitfalls in the Analysis and Structural Interpretation of Seismic Data from the Mars InSight Mission.

Author

Kim, Doyeon, Davis, Paul, Lekić, Ved, Maguire, Ross, Compaire, Nicolas, Schimmel, Martin, Stutzmann, Eleonore, C. E. Irving, Jessica, Lognonné, Philippe, Scholz, John-Robert, Clinton, John, Zenhäusern, Géraldine, Dahmen, Nikolaj, Deng, Sizhuang, Levander, Alan, Panning, Mark P, Garcia, Raphaël F, Giardini, Domenico, Hurst, Ken, Knapmeyer-Endrun, Brigitte, Nimmo, Francis, Pike, W Tom, Pou, Laurent, Schmerr, Nicholas, Stähler, Simon C, Tauzin, Benoit, Widmer-Schnidrig, Rudolf, and Banerdt, William B

Subjects
Earth Sciences, Geology, Geophysics, Civil Engineering, Geochemistry & Geophysics, Civil engineering
Abstract

The Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure (SEIS) of the InSight mission to Mars, has been providing direct information on Martian interior structure and dynamics of that planet since it landed. Compared to seismic recordings on Earth, ground motion measurements acquired by SEIS on Mars are made under dramatically different ambient noise conditions, but include idiosyncratic signals that arise from coupling between different InSight sensors and spacecraft components. This work is to synthesize what is known about these signal types, illustrate how they can manifest in waveforms and noise correlations, and present pitfalls in structural interpretations based on standard seismic analysis methods. We show that glitches, a type of prominent transient signal, can produce artifacts in ambient noise correlations. Sustained signals that vary in frequency, such as lander modes which are affected by variations in temperature and wind conditions over the course of the Martian Sol, can also contaminate ambient noise results. Therefore, both types of signals have the potential to bias interpretation in terms of subsurface layering. We illustrate that signal processing in the presence of identified nonseismic signals must be informed by an understanding of the underlying physical processes in order for high fidelity waveforms of ground motion to be extracted. While the origins of most idiosyncratic signals are well understood, the 2.4 Hz resonance remains debated and the literature does not contain an explanation of its fine spectral structure. Even though the selection of idiosyncratic signal types discussed in this paper may not be exhaustive, we provide guidance on best practices for enhancing the robustness of structural interpretations.

Published
2021

9. Mars from the InSight: Seismology Beyond Earth

Author

Knapmeyer-Endrun, Brigitte, Banerdt, W. Bruce, Smrekar, Suzanne E., Lognonné, Philippe, Giardini, Domenico, Beghein, Caroline, Beucler, Éric, Bozdağ, Ebru, Clinton, John, Garcia, Raphael F., Irving, Jessica C. E., Kawamura, Taichi, Kedar, Sharon, Margerin, Ludovic, Panning, Mark P., Pike, Tom W., Plesa, Ana-Catalina, Schmerr, Nicholas, Teanby, Nicholas, Weber, Renee, Wieczorek, Mark, Barkaoui, Salma, Brinkman, Nienke, Ceylan, Savas, Charalambous, Constantinos, Compaire, Nicolas, Dahmen, Nikolaj, van Driel, Martin, Horleston, Anna, Huang, Quancheng, Hurst, Kenneth, Kenda, Balthasar, Khan, Amir, Kim, Doyeon, Knapmeyer, Martin, Li, Jiaqi, Menina, Sabrina, Murdoch, Naomi, Perrin, Clément, Schimmel, Martin, Stähler, Simon C., Stutzmann, Eléonore, Bezaeva, Natalia S., Series Editor, Gomes Coe, Heloisa Helena, Series Editor, Nawaz, Muhammad Farrakh, Series Editor, Vacareanu, Radu, editor, and Ionescu, Constantin, editor

Published
2022
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10. The marsquake catalogue from InSight, sols 0–1011

Author

Ceylan, Savas, Clinton, John F., Giardini, Domenico, Stähler, Simon C., Horleston, Anna, Kawamura, Taichi, Böse, Maren, Charalambous, Constantinos, Dahmen, Nikolaj L., van Driel, Martin, Durán, Cecilia, Euchner, Fabian, Khan, Amir, Kim, Doyeon, Plasman, Matthieu, Scholz, John-Robert, Zenhäusern, Géraldine, Beucler, Eric, Garcia, Raphaël F., Kedar, Sharon, Knapmeyer, Martin, Lognonné, Philippe, Panning, Mark P., Perrin, Clément, Pike, William T., Stott, Alexander E., and Banerdt, William B.

Published
2022
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12. Evaluating the wind-induced mechanical noise on the InSight seismometers

Author

Murdoch, Naomi, Mimoun, David, Garcia, Raphael F., Rapin, Willian, Kawamuea, Taichi, Lognonné, Philippe, Banfield, Don, and Banerdt, William B.

Subjects
Physics - Geophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

The SEIS (Seismic Experiment for Interior Structures) instrument onboard the InSight mission to Mars is the critical instrument for determining the interior structure of Mars, the current level of tectonic activity and the meteorite flux. Meeting the performance requirements of the SEIS instrument is vital to successfully achieve these mission objectives. Here we analyse in-situ wind measurements from previous Mars space missions to understand the wind environment that we are likely to encounter on Mars, and then we use an elastic ground deformation model to evaluate the mechanical noise contributions on the SEIS instrument due to the interaction between the Martian winds and the InSight lander. Lander mechanical noise maps that will be used to select the best deployment site for SEIS once the InSight lander arrives on Mars are also presented. We find the lander mechanical noise may be a detectable signal on the InSight seismometers. However, for the baseline SEIS deployment position, the noise is expected to be below the total noise requirement >97% of the time and is, therefore, not expected to endanger the InSight mission objectives., Comment: 32 pages, 16 figures

Published
2016
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13. Micro-meteoroid seismic uplift and regolith concentration on kilometric scale asteroids

Author

Garcia, Raphael F., Murdoch, Naomi, and Mimoun, David

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Physics - Geophysics
Abstract

Seismic shaking is an attractive mechanism to explain the destabilisation of regolith slopes and the regolith migration found on the surfaces of asteroids (Richardson et al. 2004; Miyamoto et al. 2007). Here, we use a continuum mechanics method to simulate the seismic wave propagation in an asteroid. Assuming that asteroids can be described by a cohesive core surrounded by a thin non-cohesive regolith layer, our numerical simulations of vibrations induced by micro-meteoroids suggest that the surface peak ground accelerations induced by micro-meteoroid impacts may have been previously under-estimated. Our lower bound estimate of vertical accelerations induced by seismic waves is about 50 times larger than previous estimates. It suggests that impact events triggering seismic activity are more frequent than previously assumed for asteroids in the kilometric and sub-kilometric size range. The regolith lofting is also estimated by a first order ballistic approximation. Vertical displacements are small, but lofting times are long compared to the duration of the seismic signals. The regolith movement has a non-linear dependence on the distance to the impact source which is induced by the type of seismic wave generating the first movement. The implications of regolith concentration in lows of surface acceleration potential are also discussed. We suggest that the resulting surface thermal inertia variations of small fast rotators may induce an increased sensitivity of these objects to the Yarkovsky effect., Comment: Accepted for publication in Icarus

Published
2015
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14. Seismically detected cratering on Mars: Enhanced recent impact flux?

Author

Daubar, Ingrid J., Garcia, Raphaël F., Stott, Alexander E., Fernando, Benjamin, Collins, Gareth S., Dundas, Colin M., Wójcicka, Natalia, Zenhäusern, Géraldine, McEwen, Alfred S., Stähler, Simon C., Golombek, Matthew, Charalambous, Constantinos, Giardini, Domenico, Lognonné, Philippe, and Banerdt, W. Bruce

Subjects
*MARTIAN craters, *MARS (Planet), *CRATERING, *LUNAR craters, *SAMPLE size (Statistics)
Abstract

Seismic observations of impacts on Mars indicate a higher impact flux than previously measured. Using six confirmed seismic impact detections near the NASA InSight lander and two distant large impacts, we calculate appropriate scalings to compare these rates with lunar-based chronology models. We also update the impact rate from orbital observations using the most recent catalog of new craters on Mars. The snapshot of the current impact rate at Mars recorded seismically is higher than that found using orbital detections alone. The measured rates differ between a factor of 2 and 10, depending on the diameter, although the sample size of seismically detected impacts is small. The close timing of the two largest new impacts found on Mars in the past few decades indicates either a heightened impact rate or a low-probability temporal coincidence, perhaps representing recent fragmentation of a parent body. We conclude that seismic methods of detecting current impacts offer a more complete dataset than orbital imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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16. The atmosphere of Mars as observed by InSight

Author

Banfield, Don, Spiga, Aymeric, Newman, Claire, Forget, François, Lemmon, Mark, Lorenz, Ralph, Murdoch, Naomi, Viudez-Moreiras, Daniel, Pla-Garcia, Jorge, Garcia, Raphaël F., Lognonné, Philippe, Karatekin, Özgür, Perrin, Clément, Martire, Léo, Teanby, Nicholas, Hove, Bart Van, Maki, Justin N., Kenda, Balthasar, Mueller, Nils T., Rodriguez, Sébastien, Kawamura, Taichi, McClean, John B., Stott, Alexander E., Charalambous, Constantinos, Millour, Ehouarn, Johnson, Catherine L., Mittelholz, Anna, Määttänen, Anni, Lewis, Stephen R., Clinton, John, Stähler, Simon C., Ceylan, Savas, Giardini, Domenico, Warren, Tristram, Pike, William T., Daubar, Ingrid, Golombek, Matthew, Rolland, Lucie, Widmer-Schnidrig, Rudolf, Mimoun, David, Beucler, Éric, Jacob, Alice, Lucas, Antoine, Baker, Mariah, Ansan, Véronique, Hurst, Kenneth, Mora-Sotomayor, Luis, Navarro, Sara, Torres, Josefina, Lepinette, Alain, Molina, Antonio, Marin-Jimenez, Mercedes, Gomez-Elvira, Javier, Peinado, Veronica, Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose-Antonio, Carcich, Brian T., Sackett, Stephen, Russell, Christopher T., Spohn, Tilman, Smrekar, Suzanne E., and Banerdt, W. Bruce

Published
2020
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17. Initial results from the InSight mission on Mars

Author

Banerdt, W. Bruce, Smrekar, Suzanne E., Banfield, Don, Giardini, Domenico, Golombek, Matthew, Johnson, Catherine L., Lognonné, Philippe, Spiga, Aymeric, Spohn, Tilman, Perrin, Clément, Stähler, Simon C., Antonangeli, Daniele, Asmar, Sami, Beghein, Caroline, Bowles, Neil, Bozdag, Ebru, Chi, Peter, Christensen, Ulrich, Clinton, John, Collins, Gareth S., Daubar, Ingrid, Dehant, Véronique, Drilleau, Mélanie, Fillingim, Matthew, Folkner, William, Garcia, Raphaël F., Garvin, Jim, Grant, John, Grott, Matthias, Grygorczuk, Jerzy, Hudson, Troy, Irving, Jessica C. E., Kargl, Günter, Kawamura, Taichi, Kedar, Sharon, King, Scott, Knapmeyer-Endrun, Brigitte, Knapmeyer, Martin, Lemmon, Mark, Lorenz, Ralph, Maki, Justin N., Margerin, Ludovic, McLennan, Scott M., Michaut, Chloe, Mimoun, David, Mittelholz, Anna, Mocquet, Antoine, Morgan, Paul, Mueller, Nils T., Murdoch, Naomi, Nagihara, Seiichi, Newman, Claire, Nimmo, Francis, Panning, Mark, Pike, W. Thomas, Plesa, Ana-Catalina, Rodriguez, Sébastien, Rodriguez-Manfredi, Jose Antonio, Russell, Christopher T., Schmerr, Nicholas, Siegler, Matt, Stanley, Sabine, Stutzmann, Eléanore, Teanby, Nicholas, Tromp, Jeroen, van Driel, Martin, Warner, Nicholas, Weber, Renee, and Wieczorek, Mark

Published
2020
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20. Two Seismic Events from InSight Confirmed as New Impacts on Mars

Author

Daubar, Ingrid J., primary, Fernando, Benjamin A., additional, Garcia, Raphaël F., additional, Grindrod, Peter M., additional, Zenhäusern, Géraldine, additional, Wójcicka, Natalia, additional, Teanby, Nicholas A., additional, Stähler, Simon C., additional, Posiolova, Liliya, additional, Horleston, Anna C., additional, Collins, Gareth S., additional, Charalambous, Constantinos, additional, Clinton, John, additional, Banks, Maria E., additional, Froment, Marouchka, additional, Lognonné, Philippe, additional, Panning, Mark, additional, and Banerdt, W. Bruce, additional

Published
2023
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22. JPL Seismic Hammer Campaign

Author

Krishnamoorthy, Siddharth, Komjathy, Attila, Cutts, James A, Pauken, Michael T, Bowman, Daniel C, Martire, Leo, Garcia, Raphaël F, Mimoun, David, Lai, Voon Hui, and Jackson, Jennifer M

Published
2020

23. JPL Seismic Hammer Campaign

Author

Jackson, Jennifer M, Lai, Voon Hui, Mimoun, David, Garcia, Raphaël F, Martire, Leo, Bowman, Daniel C, Pauken, Michael T, Cutts, James A, Komjathy, Attila, and Krishnamoorthy, Siddharth

Abstract

UNKNOWN

Published
2020

27. Estimating the seismicity of Venus by scaling Earth’s seismicity

Author

van Zelst, Iris, primary, Maia, Julia, additional, Spühler, Moritz, additional, Plesa, Ana-Catalina, additional, Garcia, Raphaël F., additional, Ghail, Richard, additional, Gülcher, Anna J. P., additional, Horleston, Anna, additional, Kawamura, Taichi, additional, Klaasen, Sara, additional, Lognonné, Philippe, additional, Orgel, Csilla, additional, Panning, Mark, additional, Sabbeth, Leah, additional, and Smolinksi, Krystyna, additional

Published
2023
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28. Review of the seismicity on Mars

Author

Stähler, Simon C., primary, Ceylan, Savas, additional, Giardini, Domenico, additional, Clinton, John, additional, Kim, Doyeon, additional, Khan, Amir, additional, Zenhäusern, Géraldine, additional, Dahmen, Nikolaj, additional, Duran, Cecilia, additional, Horleston, Anna, additional, Kawamura, Taichi, additional, Charalambous, Constantinos, additional, Knapmeyer, Martin, additional, Garcia, Raphaël, additional, Lognonné, Philippe, additional, Panning, Mark, additional, Pike, W. Thomas, additional, and Banerdt, W. Bruce, additional

Published
2023
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29. Mars Seismology

Author

Lognonné, Philippe, Banerdt, William B., Clinton, John Francis, Garcia, Raphaël F., Giardini, Domenico, Knapmeyer-Endrun, Brigitte, Panning, Mark, and Pike, William T.

Subjects
marsquake, Mars, seismology, impacts, Cerberus Fossae, interior structure, Space and Planetary Science, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous), Astronomy and Astrophysics
Abstract

For the first time, from early 2019 to the end of 2022, Mars' shallow and deep interiors have been explored by seismology with the InSight mission. Thanks to the performances of its seismometers and the quality of their robotic installation on the ground, 1,319 seismic events have been detected, including about 90 marsquakes at teleseismic distances, withMw from 2.5 to 4.7 and at least 6 impacts, the largest ones with craters larger than 130 m. A large fraction of these marsquakes occur in Cerberus Fossae, demonstrating active regional tectonics. Records of pressure-induced seismic noise and signals from the penetration of a heat flow probe have provided subsurface models below the lander. Deeper direct and secondary body wave phase travel time, receiver function, and surface wave analysis have provided the first interior models of Mars, including crustal thickness and crustal layering, mantle structure, thermal lithospheric thickness, and core radius and state., Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 51, ISSN:0084-6597, ISSN:1545-4495

Published
2023
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30. Quantification des perturbations non gaussiennes dans le signal simique continu

Author

Cuvier, Arthur, Beucler, Éric, Bonnin, Mickaël, Garcia, Raphaël, Margerin, Ludovic, Schimmel, Martin, Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers Nantes Atlantique (OSUNA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and GEO3BCN CSIC, Geosci Barcelona, Grp Dynam Lithosphere GDL, Luis Sole I Sabaris S-N, Barcelona 08028

Subjects
[STAT]Statistics [stat], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Time-series analysis, Statistical Seismology, Statistical method
Abstract

International audience; Several methods classically exist for capturing perturbations (earthquake, explosion...) in the continuous seismic signal. Most of them, like the famous STA/LTA, detect seismic events by taking advantage of the impulsive nature of their waveform compared to the background noise. In contrast, very few are able to point out long period transient signals (typically greater to 5 s period). However, these long-period waveforms often exist in the continuous seismic signal due to technical problems (as the so called glitches) or to external forcings (e.g. pressure drops, acoustic waves). We present here a novel method that quantifies the strength of the gaussianity of the seismic signal in a given time window. It relies on the basic assumption that the ground motion oscillations balance around an equilibrium position. After centering/sorting operations, the computation of the distance between the 1st and the 4th quarters and a reference curve enables to produce two statistic parameters, called α+ and α- which, in turn, give an asymmetry parameter and an overall gaussian modification estimator. Using a classical sliding window strategy, we show that this method is able to quantify the Gaussianity of various types of smooth perturbations in a noisy background signal, unlike classical estimators such as the skewness. Some examples using both terrestrial and martian seismic data are shown. Finally, based only on statistical thresholds we propose a new way to detect non-Gaussian perturbations.

Published
2022

31. Marsquake Locations and 1‐D Seismic Models for Mars From InSight Data

Author

Drilleau, Mélanie, Samuel, Henri, Garcia, Raphaël F., Rivoldini, Attilio, Perrin, Clément, Michaut, Chloé, Wieczorek, Mark, Tauzin, Benoît, Connolly, James A. D., Meyer, Pauline, Lognonné, Philippe, Banerdt, William B., Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP (UMR_7154)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géosciences [UMR_C 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Nantes université - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (Nantes univ - UFR ST), Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université - pôle Sciences et technologie, Nantes Université (Nantes Univ)-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers Nantes Atlantique (OSUNA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Nantes Université (Nantes Univ), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole et Observatoire des Sciences de la Terre (EOST), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-19-CE31-0008,MAGIS,MArs Geophysical InSight(2019)

Subjects
Geophysics, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Geochemistry and Petrology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract

We present inversions for the structure of Mars using the first Martian seismic record collected by the InSight lander. We identified and used arrival times of direct, multiples, and depth phases of body waves, for 17 marsquakes to constrain the quake locations and the one-dimensional average interior structure of Mars. We found the marsquake hypocenters to be shallower than 40 km depth, most of them being located in the Cerberus Fossae graben system, which could be a source of marsquakes. Our results show a significant velocity jump between the upper and the lower part of the crust, interpreted as the transition between intrusive and extrusive rocks. The lower crust makes up a significant fraction of the crust, with seismic velocities compatible with those of mafic to ultramafic rocks. Additional constraints on the crustal thickness from previous seismic analyses, combined with modeling relying on gravity and topography measurements, yield constraints on the present-day thermochemical state of Mars and on its long-term history. Our most constrained inversion results indicate a present-day surface heat flux of 22 ± 1 mW/m2, a relatively hot mantle (potential temperature: 1740 ± 90 K) and a thick lithosphere (540 ± 120 km), associated with a lithospheric thermal gradient of 1.9 ± 0.3 K/km. These results are compatible with recent seismic studies using a reduced data set and different inversion approaches, confirming that Mars' potential mantle temperature was initially relatively cold (1780 ± 50 K) compared to that of its present-day state, and that its crust contains 10–12 times more heat-producing elements than the primitive mantle., Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 127 (9), ISSN:0148-0227, ISSN:2169-9097

Published
2022

36. Planned Products of the Mars Structure Service for the InSight Mission to Mars

Author

Panning, Mark P., Lognonné, Philippe, Bruce Banerdt, W., Garcia, Raphaël, Golombek, Matthew, Kedar, Sharon, Knapmeyer-Endrun, Brigitte, Mocquet, Antoine, Teanby, Nick A., Tromp, Jeroen, Weber, Renee, Beucler, Eric, Blanchette-Guertin, Jean-Francois, Bozdağ, Ebru, Drilleau, Mélanie, Gudkova, Tamara, Hempel, Stefanie, Khan, Amir, Lekić, Vedran, Murdoch, Naomi, Plesa, Ana-Catalina, Rivoldini, Atillio, Schmerr, Nicholas, Ruan, Youyi, Verhoeven, Olivier, Gao, Chao, Christensen, Ulrich, Clinton, John, Dehant, Veronique, Giardini, Domenico, Mimoun, David, Thomas Pike, W., Smrekar, Sue, Wieczorek, Mark, Knapmeyer, Martin, and Wookey, James

Published
2016
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37. The marsquake catalogue from InSight, sols 0–1011

Author

Ceylan, Savas, primary, Clinton, John F., additional, Giardini, Domenico, additional, Stähler, Simon C., additional, Horleston, Anna, additional, Kawamura, Taichi, additional, Böse, Maren, additional, Charalambous, Constantinos, additional, Dahmen, Nikolaj L., additional, van Driel, Martin, additional, Duran, Cecilia, additional, Euchner, Fabian, additional, Khan, Amir, additional, Kim, Doyeon, additional, Plasman, Matthieu, additional, Scholz, John-Robert, additional, Zenhäusern, Géraldine, additional, Beucler, Eric, additional, Garcia, Raphaël F., additional, Kedar, Sharon, additional, Knapmeyer, Martin, additional, Lognonné, Philippe, additional, Panning, Mark P., additional, Perrin, Clément, additional, Pike, William T., additional, Stott, Alexander E., additional, and Banerdt, William B., additional

Published
2022
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39. Compact in-Situ Insturments for the Geophysical Exploration of Small Bodies

Author

Murdoch, Naomi, Garcia, Raphaël F., Cadu, Alexandre, Wilhelm, Arnaud, Drilleau, Mélanie, Stott, Alexander, Dehant, Véronique, Bernauer, Felix, Schmelzbach, Cédric, Stähler, Simon Christian, Igel, Heiner, Lecamp, Guillaume, Ferraioli, Luigi, Karatekin, Özgür, Lognonné, Philippe Henri, Giardini, Domenico, and Mimoun, David

Published
2022

40. Doublage français, choc, collision et impact culturel

Author

Garcia, Raphaël, Aix-Marseille Université - Département Sciences, Arts et Techniques des Images et du Son (AMU SATIS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU), and David Goldie

Subjects
Traduction, Culture, Doublage, Détournement, Comédien, Voix, Adaptation, Localisation, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

There is an industry that works in the shadows, at the ends of audiovisual production, that not a lot of people know. However, millions of viewers can hear them at the cinema, on their TV sets, or through their computer screens. This industry is the French dubbing industry. I wanted to bring thissubject to light, and talk about those unfairly criticized actors and technicians.To do so, I wanted to talk about the adaptations of cultural elements, dear to some countries and languages, to see the difficulties that each member of the dubbing team can meet. I had the pleasure to meet with translators, actors and voice directors, to see each and everyone's struggles toadapt what they work on.I observed English and Japanese films and series that had different choices to make in order to adapt them to the French language. From Monty Python films (1975-83) to Great Teacher Onizuka (1999 - 2000), with What We Do In The Shadows (2014) on the way, I talk about humor, the hardestcultural element to adapt. What makes those works of art so hard to adapt, and how do you break their language barriers?; Il existe toute une industrie qui fonctionne au bout de la chaîne audiovisuelle, et des métiers de l'ombre que très peu connaissent. Pourtant, des millions de spectateurs vont les entendre au cinéma, à la télévision ou sur leurs écrans d'ordinateurs. Ce monde-là, c'est le monde du doublage français. J'ai voulu mettre de la lumière sur ce sujet, et parler d'acteurs du milieu injustement critiqués à mon sens.Pour cela, j'ai souhaité parler de l'adaptation des éléments culturels, propres à certains pays et à certaines langues, et voir les difficultés que l'équipe de doublage peut rencontrer. J'ai pu m'entretenir avec des adaptateurs, des comédiens et des directeurs artistiques, afin de voir les particularités, inhérentes de chaque métier, à ces œuvres venus d'ailleurs.J'ai observé l'adaptation d’œuvres anglaises et japonaises bien précises, qui ont des choix d'adaptation qui leur sont propres. Des films des Monty Python (1975-83) à Great Teacher Onizuka (1999 - 2000), en passant par Vampires en toute intimité (2014), je parle de l'humour, l'élément culturel le plus dur à adapter.

Published
2022

42. Marsquake locations and 1-D seismic models for Mars from InSight data

Author

Drilleau, Mélanie, primary, Samuel, Henri, additional, Garcia, Raphaël F., additional, Rivoldini, Attilio, additional, Perrin, Clément, additional, Michaut, Chloé, additional, Wieczorek, Mark, additional, Tauzin, Benoît, additional, Connolly, James A. D., additional, Meyer, Pauline, additional, Lognonné, Philippe, additional, and Banerdt, William B., additional

Published
2022
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45. First observations of seismic waves travelling through the Martian core

Author

Irving, J. C. E., Antonangeli, D., Banerdt, B., Beghein, C., Bozdag, E., Ceylan, S., Clinton, J., Drilleau, M., Duran, C., Garcia, Raphaël F., Giardini, D., Horleston, A., Huang, Quancheng, Hurst, K., Kawamura, T., Khan, A., Kim, D., King, S., Knapmeyer, Martin, Lekic, V., Li, J., Lognonne, P., Maguire, R., Panning, M., Plesa, Ana-Catalina, Rivoldini, A., Schimmel, M., Schmerr, N., Samuel, Henri, Stähler, S., Stutzmann, Éléonore, and Xu, Z.

Subjects
Seismic waves, Martian core, Mars, InSight
Published
2022

47. The Lunar Geophysical Network Landing Sites Science Rationale

Author

Fuqua Haviland, Heidi, primary, Weber, Renee C., additional, Neal, Clive R., additional, Lognonné, Philippe, additional, Garcia, Raphaël F., additional, Schmerr, Nicholas, additional, Nagihara, Seiichi, additional, Grimm, Robert, additional, Currie, Douglas G., additional, Dell’Agnello, Simone, additional, Watters, Thomas R., additional, Panning, Mark P., additional, Johnson, Catherine L., additional, Yamada, Ryuhei, additional, Knapmeyer, Martin, additional, Ostrach, Lillian R., additional, Kawamura, Taichi, additional, Petro, Noah, additional, and Bremner, Paul M., additional

Published
2022
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48. Energy Envelope and Attenuation Characteristics of High-Frequency (HF) and Very-High-Frequency (VF) Martian Events

Author

Menina, Sabrina, primary, Margerin, Ludovic, additional, Kawamura, Taïchi, additional, Lognonné, Philippe, additional, Marti, Jules, additional, Drilleau, Mélanie, additional, Calvet, Marie, additional, Compaire, Nicolas, additional, Garcia, Raphaël, additional, Karakostas, Foivos, additional, Schmerr, Nicholas, additional, van Driel, Martin, additional, Stähler, Simon C., additional, Plasman, Matthieu, additional, Giardini, Domenico, additional, Carrasco, Sebastian, additional, Knapmeyer-Endrun, Brigitte, additional, Sainton, Grégory, additional, and Banerdt, William B., additional

Published
2021
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49. Seismic detection of the martian core by InSight

Author

Stähler, S., Ceylan, S., Duran, Andrea Cecilia, Garcia, Raphaël F., Giardini, D., Huang, Quancheng, Khan, Amir, Kim, Doyeon, Lognonne, P., Maguire, R., Marusiak, A, Plesa, Ana-Catalina, Samuel, H., Schmerr, N., Schimmel, M., Sollberger, D., Stutzmann, Éléonore, Antonangeli, D., Clinton, J., van Driel, M, Drilleau, M., Gudkova, T., Horleston, A., Irving, J., Kawamura, T., Lekic, V., Myhill, R., Nimmo, F., Panning, M., Rivoldini, A., Schmelzbach, C., Stanley, S., Weber, Renee, Xu, Zongbo, Zenhäusern, Geraldine, and Banerdt, B.

Subjects
Core detection, Mars, Seismic measurements, InSight
Abstract

A plethora of geophysical, geo- chemical, and geodynamical observations indicate that the terrestrial planets have differentiated into silicate crusts and mantles that surround a dense core. The latter consists primarily of Fe and some lighter alloying elements (e.g., S, Si, C, O, and H) [1]¿. The Martian meteorites show evidence of chalcophile element depletion, suggesting that the otherwise Fe-Ni- rich core likely contains a sulfide component, which influences physical state.

Published
2021

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