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This paper presents the software development meta-process (SD-MP) as a proposal to set up software projects. Within this proposal we offer conceptual elements that help solve the war of methodologies and processes in favor of an integrating viewpoint, where the main flaws associated with conventional and agile approaches are removed. Our newly developed software platform to support the meta-process is also presented together with three case studies involving projects currently in progress, where the framework proposed in SD-MP has been applied.

This article presents an ETL (Extract, Transform, Load) prototype called Valery as alternative approach to migration process which includes a compiler for dynamic generation of SQL queries. Its main features involve: SQL dynamic generation, set of configuration commands and environment for file uploading. The tests use the Northwind academic database and an individual environment. The model implementation uses flat files and SQL as query language. Finally, there is an analysis of the results obtained.

With the proliferation of mobile and distributed systems capable of providing its geoposition and even the geoposition of any other element, commonly called point of interest, developers have created a multitude of new software applications. For this purpose, different technologies such as the GPS or mobile networks are used. There are different languages or formats used to define these points of interest and some applications that facilitate such work. However, there is no globally accepted standard language, which complicates the intercommunication, portability and re-usability of the definitions of points of interest currently in use. In this paper, we take the first steps towards a language and a development environment independent of the underlying technologies, allowing developers to define the points of interest in a simple and fast way, and automatically generate other different formats from the same definition that can be considered a bridge among current technologies. We use the Model-Driven Engineering approach, focusing on the creation of models to abstract the definition of systems from the underlying technologies.

The software system needs to be analyzed and designed before the program code is written. A Computation Independent Model (CIM) and a Platform Independent Model/ Platform Specific Model (PIM/PSM) from Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) will be partially considered in this paper. A Topological Functioning Model (TFM) will be considered as a formal CIM, and UML sequence diagrams - as a behavioral PIM/PSM of the software system. The paper presents a short overview of the TFM and sequence diagrams with their constructs, as well as the example of transformation from the sequence diagrams to the TFM.

A system architect has software requirements and some unspecified knowledge about a problem domain (e.g., an enterprise) as source information for assessment and evaluation of possible solutions and getting the target point, a preliminary software design. The solving factor is architect’s experience and expertise in the problem domain (“AS-IS”). A proposed approach is dedicated to assist a system architect in making an appropriate decision on the solution (“TO-BE”). It is based on a formal mathematical model, Topological Functioning Model (TFM). Compliant TFMs can be transformed into software architectural views. The paper demonstrates and discusses tracing dependency links from the requirements to and between the architectural views.

There is a drastic increase in Internet usage across the globe, thanks to mobile phone penetration. This extreme Internet usage generates huge volumes of data, in other terms, big data. Security and privacy are the main issues to be considered in big data management. Hence, in this article, Attribute-based Adaptive Homomorphic Encryption (AAHE) is developed to enhance the security of big data. In the proposed methodology, Oppositional Based Black Widow Optimization (OBWO) is introduced to select the optimal key parameters by following the AAHE method. By considering oppositional function, Black Widow Optimization (BWO) convergence analysis was enhanced. The proposed methodology has different processes, namely, process setup, encryption, and decryption processes. The researcher evaluated the proposed methodology with non-abelian rings and the homomorphism process in ciphertext format. Further, it is also utilized in improving one-way security related to the conjugacy examination issue. Afterward, homomorphic encryption is developed to secure the big data. The study considered two types of big data such as adult datasets and anonymous Microsoft web datasets to validate the proposed methodology. With the help of performance metrics such as encryption time, decryption time, key size, processing time, downloading, and uploading time, the proposed method was evaluated and compared against conventional cryptography techniques such as Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC). Further, the key generation process was also compared against conventional methods such as BWO, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and Firefly Algorithm (FA). The results established that the proposed method is supreme than the compared methods and can be applied in real time in near future.

Nurses can be overwhelmed by the growing need for documentation derived from the implantation of electronic health records. The objective was to describe the evolution of nursing workload since the implementation of the EHR. We performed a longitudinal study of global workload indicators over a 5-year period at a referral hospital in Spain since introduction of the EHR (2014). Clinical activity records of each nurse were monitored using audit logs of their accesses to EHRs. During the study period, the number of EHR sessions, the number of EHR sessions in which a nursing order was changed, and the time needed to complete each session significantly increased. The number of mouse clicks and keystrokes and the time required to complete each nursing order decreased. Documentation of the following nursing tasks increased: administration of medication, peripheral vascular catheters, urinary catheters, pressure ulcers, nursing assessment forms, and pre-surgical verification. In conclusion, since the implementation of the EHR, an increase in the workload of nursing professionals-estimated through indirect indicators-has been observed due to greater documentation., (Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

The retouching and resharpening of lithic tools during their production and maintenance leads to the production of large numbers of small flakes and chips known as microdebitage. Standard analytical approaches to this material involves the mapping of microartefact densities to identify activity areas, and the creation of techno-typologies to characterise the form of retouch flakes from different types of tools. Whilst use-wear analysis is a common approach to the analysis of tools, it has been applied much less commonly to microdebitage. This paper contends that the use-wear analysis of microdebitage holds great potential for identifying activity areas on archaeological sites, representing a relatively unexplored analytical resource within microartefact assemblages. In order to test the range of factors that affect the identification of use-wear traces on small retouch flakes, a blind test consisting of 40 retouch flakes was conducted. The results show that wear traces can be identified with comparable levels of accuracy to those reported for historic blind tests of standard lithic tools suggesting that the use-wear analysis of retouch flakes can be a useful analytical tool in understanding site function, and in increasing sample sizes in cases where assemblages contain few tools., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Calculating forward and inverse kinematics for robotic agents is one of the most time-intensive tasks when controlling the robot movement in any environment. This calculation is then encoded to control the motors and validated in a simulator. The feedback produced by the simulation can be used to correct the code or to implement the code can be implemented directly in the robotic agent. However, the simulation process executes instructions that are not native to the robotic agents, extending development time or making it preferable to validate the code directly on the robot, which in some cases might result in severe damage to it. The use of Domain-Specific Languages help reduce development time in simulation tasks. These languages simplify code generation by describing tasks through an easy-to-understand language and free the user to use a framework or programming API directly for testing purposes. This article presents the language PyDSLRep, which is characterized by the connection and manipulation of movement in mobile robotic agents in the V-Rep simulation environment. This language is tested in three different environments by twenty people, against the framework given by V-Rep, demonstrating that PyDSLRep reduces the average development time by 45.22%, and the lines of code by 76.40% against the Python framework of V-Rep., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

This paper focus on a neural network classification model to estimate the association among gender, race, BMI, age, smoking, kidney disease and diabetes in hypertensive patients. It also shows that artificial neural network techniques applied to large clinical data sets may provide a meaningful data-driven approach to categorize patients for population health management, and support in the control and detection of hypertensive patients, which is part of the critical factors for diseases of the heart. Data was obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2007 to 2016. This paper utilized an imbalanced data set of 24,434 with (69.71%) non-hypertensive patients, and (30.29%) hypertensive patients. The results indicate a sensitivity of 40%, a specificity of 87%, precision of 57.8% and a measured AUC of 0.77 (95% CI [75.01-79.01]). This paper showed results that are to some degree more effectively than a previous study performed by the authors using a statistical model with similar input features that presents a calculated AUC of 0.73. This classification model can be used as an inference agent to assist the professionals in diseases of the heart field, and can be implemented in applications to assist population health management programs in identifying patients with high risk of developing hypertension.

Objective: To explore university health science students' intimate partner violence tolerance and sexist attitudes and to examine their trend throughout the academic years., Methods: Cross-sectional study of students of both sexes of the degrees of medicine, nursing, and psychology from three selected Spanish universities (n = 1,322). Data were collected anonymously using two validated scales: the Dating Violence Questionnaire (DVQ-R) and the Gender Role Attitudes Scale (GRAS). Logistic regressions were used to compare tolerance toward violence and sexist attitudes across the degrees. The evolution of these variables throughout different academic courses was assessed., Results: Of the sample, 62.8% were tolerant towards intimate partner violence. The percentage of tolerant students was significantly higher in Psychology (75.9%) than in Nursing (57.7%) and Medicine Degrees (60.3%). A higher percentage of sexist students was also found in psychology students (80.8%) than in nursing (62.2%) and medicine students (62.7%). Compared to the first-year students, female medicine students of the last courses were less tolerant to intimate partner violence (p-trend <0.001), and male medicine students had less sexist attitudes (p-trend = 0.002)., Conclusions: Tolerance of intimate partner violence and sexist attitudes were very high, especially among psychology students. These indicators were significantly better among medicine students of higher courses, suggesting a positive effect of medical training. Intimate partner violence in the university education of the future health professionals should be addressed. ., (Copyright © 2019 SESPAS. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Background:: The development of professional values in nursing is directly related to quality and ethical clinical practise and may also increase practitioner and patients' satisfaction. Some factors, such as work setting or work experience, can influence the importance granted to the professional values of nursing., Objectives:: To compare in primary care nurses and hospital care nurses the importance granted to professional values and to contrast this perception as a function of professional experience., Research Design, Participants and Research Context:: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Participants were 380 nursing professionals from the public health system (primary care and hospital care). Three dimensions were analysed: ethics, professional expertise and professional mastery. Data were collected from January to June 2015., Ethical Considerations:: We obtained permission from the Ethics Committee and participants' informed consent., Findings:: Hospital care professionals attached more importance to all the values analysed, regardless of their work experience. Ethical values, such as confidentiality and respect for the person, were considered to be very important in both systems. Values related to professional expertise obtained lower scores, especially in primary care. In general, professionals with more than 20 years' experience granted less importance to the values., Conclusion:: The professional setting influenced the importance assigned to professional nursing values, and clear differences were observed between primary and hospital care. The domain of ethics was considered the most important. It is necessary to reflect on the significance attributed to professional values, especially in more expert nursing staff.

Planning tasks performed by a robotic agent require previous access to a map of the environment and the position where the agent is located. This creates a problem when the agent is placed in a new environment. To solve it, the RA must execute the task known as Simultaneous Location and Mapping (SLAM) which locates the agent in the new environment while generating the map at the same time, geometrically or topologically. One of the big problems in SLAM is the amount of memory required for the RA to store the details of the environment map. In addition, environment data capture needs a robust processing unit to handle data representation, which in turn is reflected in a bigger RA unit with higher energy use and production costs. This article presents a design for a system capable of a decentralized implementation of SLAM that is based on the use of a system comprised of wireless agents capable of storing and distributing the map as it is being generated by the RA. The proposed system was validated in an environment with a surface area of 25 m 2 , in which it was capable of generating the topological map online, and without relying on external units connected to the system.

Aim: To explore the association between gender-role attitudes and the recognition of abuse among adolescents and young adults during dating relationships., Design: Cross-correlation study., Location: 57 schools of secondary education, vocational education and university in five provinces of Spain (Huelva, Seville, A Coruña, Pontevedra and Asturias)., Participants: 4,337 students aged between 15 and 26 years (40.6% males and 59.4% female) who had a dating relationship that lasted more than a month., Main Measurements: The Gender Role Attitudes Scale was used, which consists of 20 indicators of egalitarian or sexism attitudes at the family, social and occupational level. The students also reported whether they suffered from recognized abuse (RA), unperceived abuse (UPA), or not abused (NA)., Results: In the whole sample, 68.6% declared themselves NA, 26.4% were under a situation of UPA, and 5.0% were RA. The RA group was more frequent among the females (6.3%), ≥18 years (6.4%) and university students (6.9%). UPA was more common in males (30.2%). The most sexist attitudes were found in the occupational dimension and especially in men and adolescents (15-17 years). Less sexist attitudes were associated with a lower probability of experiencing UPA (odds ratio=.71; P-trend<.001)., Conclusions: Sexism seems to hinder the recognition of abuse. Achieving gender equity in adolescence and youth is imperative. Public health efforts should focus on men, as they constitute the group with more sexist attitudes and with higher prevalence of UPA., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)

Over the past few years, decentralization of multi-agent robotic systems has become an important research area. These systems do not depend on a central control unit, which enables the control and assignment of distributed, asynchronous and robust tasks. However, in some cases, the network communication process between robotic agents is overlooked, and this creates a dependency for each agent to maintain a permanent link with nearby units to be able to fulfill its goals. This article describes a communication framework, where each agent in the system can leave the network or accept new connections, sending its information based on the transfer history of all nodes in the network. To this end, each agent needs to comply with four processes to participate in the system, plus a fifth process for data transfer to the nearest nodes that is based on Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) and data history. To validate this framework, we use differential robotic agents and a monitoring agent to generate a topological map of an environment with the presence of obstacles., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Objective: To examine the association between smoking and alcohol consumption and the type of working day in the Spanish population, Methods: Cross-sectional study among employees residing in Spain aged >18 years (N=8,736). We took data from the National Health Survey (2011-2012). Information was collected on the type of working day (morning, afternoon, evening, part-time, reduced hours, and shift-work) and smoking and drinking habits. Demographic characteristics and health- and work-related factors were also taken into account. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated through log-binomial regressions., Results: Among respondents, 32.1% smoked regularly, especially those working the night shift (43.5%). Moderate alcohol consumption was found in 54.8% of workers and excessive consumption in 1.5%. Most of the moderate and heavy drinkers worked part-time, with 57.6% and 1.8% respectively. The aOR of being a smoker was higher among night workers (OR=1.58; 95% CI: 1.01-2.46). None of the work shifts were significantly associated with alcohol consumption., Conclusions: Night shift work was associated with regular smoking. This collective of workers should be monitored closely by occupational health services and regularly undergo programs to control tobacco consumption and smoking-related diseases. Additional research to elucidate the reasons for this association could help to achieve preventive and therapeutic success., (Copyright © 2015 SESPAS. Published by Elsevier Espana. All rights reserved.)

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate cardiovascular (CV) and atherothrombosis risk factors in patients with gout and hyperuricaemia with suspected sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS) compared with a control group of subjects with knee OA and SAHS., Methods: Clinical information on CV risk factors and atherothrombosis was collected in a rheumatology department in patients with gout and hyperuricaemia and suspicion of SAHS. Confirmation polysomnography that registered apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) and oxygen saturation during sleep (SaO2) was performed. The control group consisted of patients with OA and polysomnographically confirmed SAHS., Results: In the gout patient group (54 patients, 48 men), CV risk factors were found in 77.8% and evidence of atherothrombosis in 46.3%. In the OA group (36 patients, 27 men), CV risk factors were found in 66.7% and evidence of atherothrombosis in 0%. SAHS diagnosis was confirmed by polysomnography in 88.9% of patients. AHI showed mild, moderate and severe SAHS in 12%, 26% and 66% of the gout patients and 45%, 24% and 30% of the OA patients, respectively. SaO2 was 90.18% in the gout group and 91.26% in the OA group., Conclusion: Patients with gout and hyperuricaemia and suspicion of SAHS had polysomnographically confirmed SAHS in 88.9% of cases. These patients had more severe forms of SAHS and a greater prevalence of documented atherothrombotic disease compared with a control group with OA.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of gender violence (GV) suffered by student nurses and to identify its relationship with some sociodemographic and personal variables (social support and self-esteem) and their perception about their role as primary care providers., Design: Cross-sectional study., Location: Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (University of Oviedo)., Participants: Nursing students., Main Measurements: The CUVINO questionnaire was used. It measures 42 behavioral indicators and 8 GV factors and allows to identify technical and perceived violence during courtship and other related situations. The level of social self-esteem, support and variables related with the nursing role were also measured., Results: Using the standard of "zero tolerance", 85.8% suffered technical violence, mainly by "detachment" and "coercion" (73.3%), while almost 1 in 5 also suffered "physical" violence (18.3%). A lower percentage (9.0%) reported having been really ill-treated, perception related to the global proportion of students who felt trapped (31.7%, P <.001), felt fear (13.8%, P <.001) and a further delay in breaking the relationship (13.2 months vs. 3.6; P <.05). Suffering technical violence was associated with less social support (P <.05) and less social self-esteem (P <.01). Academic training in GV improves recognition., Conclusions: The prevalence of GV situations between student nurses is very high and recognition is poor. Academic training could improve the perception of the problem, thus it would be desirable to strengthen its inclusion in the university curriculum, together with specific skills training., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.)