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La caracterización de yacimientos arqueológicos es una de las aplicaciones más extendidas de la prospección magnética, por su carácter no invasivo, que permite explorar sin destruir superficies de extensión considerable, y debido al carácter ferromagnético de muchos elementos asociados a la actividad humana (instrumentos de hierro, componentes minerales de tejas, ladrillos, hornos de cocción, etc...). Habitualmente, en prospección magnética se mide la intensidad total del campo magnético terrestre (realizando las correcciones de las oscilaciones debidas a la variación diurna y las micropulsaciones) y el gradiente horizontal o vertical (diferencia entre las medidas tomadas simultáneamente en posiciones cercanas mediante dos sensores, ver figura 1), que resulta muy útil cuando se trata de detectar anomalías debidas a cuerpos cercanos a la superficie. Frente a la sistemática de trabajo en prospecciones geológicas, el mallado de la prospección magnética en arqueología suele ser muy denso, con 1 m o 0,5 m de espaciado entre perfiles en muchas ocasiones.

[EN] The low contrast in physical properties of archaeological elements compared to the host soil is a common drawback in geophysical surveys applied to subtle archaeological sites because those contrasts are usually what are being measured by most Instruments. Furthermore, when archaeological elements and construction remains are placed within the same package of materials, differentiation of each can make the interpretation of geophysical data sometimes difficult. In this work we propose a dynamic, integrated approach for the characterization of an archaeological site with simple Roman construction materials in order to evaluate methodological considerations in the evaluation of this kind of sites. This approach includes: (i) a preliminary evaluation of construction material characteristics, according to the background provided by the historical and geographical context and from previous excavations, (ii) measurements of magnetic susceptibility of archaeological and natural materials in the site for direct modelling of the expected anomalies; (iii) a geophysical survey including magnetometry, multifrequency electromagnetic (EM) method and ground penetrating radar (GPR) (100, 250 and 500 MHz centre frequency antennas); (iv) geophysical data evaluation for planning subsequent systematic surveys; (v) dynamic interpretation of geophysical results through careful data evaluation of all previous steps. The final archaeological model from geophysical data has been successful due to the manner of data interpretation looking for orthogonal patterns of geophysical anomalies that were hypothesized to be subsurface walls. Modelling was then followed by archaeological excavations consisting of three trenches where the walls were exposed. The integration of geophysical data with excavations has permitted to evaluate significance of the different geophysical analysis and to identify their archaeological meaning. The proposed sequential methodology represents an innovative manner of analysis (i) in subtle sites where construction remains are scarce and the absence of well-defined geophysical contrasts can limit the results of usual surveys and (ii) to increase the efficiency in the evaluation of more extensive survey areas.

Evaluamos en este estudio las posibilidades organológicas y el rendimiento musical del aerófono gravetiense más completo recuperado en el yacimiento de Isturitz, a partir de dos réplicas del original realizadas en ulnas de buitre leonado (Gyps fulvus). Estas réplicas, obtenidas mediante una cadena operativa de acciones muy simples, nos permiten dar cuenta de su rendimiento acústico según tres formas de producir su sonido. También se han analizado las alteraciones laborales producidas en los útiles líticos utilizados y en la superficie trabajada de los huesos.

This paper explores the potential of acoustics to interpret the prehistoric rock art of southern Andalusia (Spain). Tests undertaken in two areas, north of the Celemín river and the Bacinete area, will form the basis of our discussion. The results obtained at a selection of rock art sites show that the two key rock art sites, El Tajo de las Figuras and the large shelter at Bacinete, both with the majority of paintings in the earlier Laguna de la Janda style, had good resonance values. In contrast, at most of the other minor sites tested, the values for resonance were negative or insignificant, regardless of whether they were painted in Laguna de la Janda or schematic style. We conclude that the major rock art sites in southern Andalusia were chosen not only for their geological appearance and location in the landscape, but also for their acoustic properties.

Un posible silbato de cerámica fue encontrado de forma casual en el Monte Perdiguero dentro del término de Calahorra. Este tiene la forma de una cabeza de un niño o un diablillo. En este artículo se muestra su estudio, con una breve descripción del mismo y diversas cuestiones que surgen acerca de su uso y función, así como de su cronología. A potential whistle of pottery was found by chance in Perdiguero Mount in the municipality of Calahorra. It has the shape of a head of a child or an imp. This article shows its study, with a brief description, and various questions arise about their use and function, and their chronology.