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3. Circulating levels of dickkopf-1, osteoprotegerin and sclerostin are higher in old compared with young men and women and positively associated with whole-body bone mineral density in older adults

Author

Coulson, J., Bagley, L., Barnouin, Y., Bradburn, S., Butler-Browne, G., Gapeyeva, H., Hogrel, J.-Y., Maden-Wilkinson, T., Maier, A. B., Meskers, C., Murgatroyd, C., Narici, M., Pääsuke, M., Sassano, L., Sipilä, S., AL-Shanti, N., Stenroth, L., Jones, D. A., and McPhee, J. S.

Published
2017
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7. Diagnostic measures for sarcopenia and bone mineral density

Author

Bijlsma, A. Y., Meskers, M. C. G., Molendijk, M., Westendorp, R. G. J., Sipilä, S., Stenroth, L., Sillanpää, E., McPhee, J. S., Jones, D. A., Narici, M., Gapeyeva, H., Pääsuke, M., Seppet, E., Voit, T., Barnouin, Y., Hogrel, J. Y., Butler-Browne, G., and Maier, A. B.

Published
2013
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10. Vitamin C and E treatment blunts sprint interval training–induced changes in inflammatory mediator-, calcium-, and mitochondria-related signaling in recreationally active elderly humans

Author

Wyckelsma, VL, Venckunas, T, Brazaitis, M, Gastaldello, S, Snieckus, A, Eimantas, N, Baranauskiene, N, Subocius, A, Skurvydas, A, Pääsuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Kaasik, P, Pääsuke, R, Jürimäe, J, Graf, BA, Kayser, B, Place, N, Andersson, DC, Kamandulis, S, Westerblad, H, Wyckelsma, VL, Venckunas, T, Brazaitis, M, Gastaldello, S, Snieckus, A, Eimantas, N, Baranauskiene, N, Subocius, A, Skurvydas, A, Pääsuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Kaasik, P, Pääsuke, R, Jürimäe, J, Graf, BA, Kayser, B, Place, N, Andersson, DC, Kamandulis, S, and Westerblad, H

Abstract

Sprint interval training (SIT) has emerged as a time-efficient training regimen for young individuals. Here, we studied whether SIT is effective also in elderly individuals and whether the training response was affected by treatment with the antioxidants vitamin C and E. Recreationally active elderly (mean age 65) men received either vitamin C (1 g/day) and vitamin E (235 mg/day) or placebo. Training consisted of nine SIT sessions (three sessions/week for three weeks of 4–6 repetitions of 30-s all-out cycling sprints) interposed by 4 min rest. Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were taken before, 1 h after, and 24 h after the first and last SIT sessions. At the end of the three weeks of training, SIT-induced changes in relative mRNA expression of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS)and mitochondria-related proteins, inflammatory mediators, and the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ channel, the ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1), were blunted in the vitamin treated group. Western blots frequently showed a major (>50%) decrease in the full-length expression of RyR1 24 h after SIT sessions; in the trained state, vitamin treatment seemed to provide protection against this severe RyR1 modification. Power at exhaustion during an incremental cycling test was increased by ~5% at the end of the training period, whereas maximal oxygen uptake remained unchanged; vitamin treatment did not affect these measures. In conclusion, treatment with the antioxidants vitamin C and E blunts SIT-induced cellular signaling in skeletal muscle of elderly individuals, while the present training regimen was too short or too intense for the changes in signaling to be translated into a clear-cut change in physical performance.

Published
2020

13. Association of interleukin-6 rs1800796 polymorphism with reduced cognitive performance in healthy older adults

Author

Bezuch, NE, Bradburn, S, Sipilä, S, Pääsuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Maier, AB, Hogrel, JY, Barnouin, Y, Butler-Browne, G, Narici, M, McPhee, J, Murgatroyd, C, Bezuch, NE, Bradburn, S, Sipilä, S, Pääsuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Maier, AB, Hogrel, JY, Barnouin, Y, Butler-Browne, G, Narici, M, McPhee, J, and Murgatroyd, C

Abstract

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. With increasing life expectancy, age-associated cognitive impairment is an escalating problem worldwide. Inflammation is one of the features that characterises cognitive decline and can stimulate neurodegeneration. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a cytokine frequently associated with a pro-inflammatory phenotype and increased levels have been associated with the pathogenesis of dementia. The rs1800796 polymorphism in the promoter region of IL-6 gene was previously shown to influence IL-6 expression and therefore we hypothesised this gene polymorphism would be associated with IL-6 plasma levels and cognitive performance of older adults. The present study investigated the association of the rs1800796 polymorphism on plasma IL-6 levels and cognition in healthy older adults (n = 207, 74.6 ± 3.4 years, 51% female) that participated in a Pan-European project (MyoAge). The participants were assessed for working memory capacity, executive functioning, episodic memory and global cognition using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery CANTAB. Fasting plasma IL-6 levels were measured by ELISA and genotyping was performed using the KASP assay. Results showed that the rs1800796 polymorphism was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P =.16) with the minor allele (C) showing a frequency of 6.3%. There were no differences in plasma IL-6 concentrations between the GG-homozygotes and C-allele carriers (P =.22). The C-allele carriers performed worse on a measure of executive functioning (P =.035) and had lower global cognitive scores (P =.045), compared to GG-homozygotes. These differences remained significant after accounting for age, sex and prior cognitive abilities (P <.05 for both). There were no differences in measures of memory (episodic and working) between the genotypes group. These findings suggest that the rs1800796 variant may be detrimental for executive functioning, but not memory, in healthy older adults.

Published
2019

16. Association of interleukin-6 rs1800796 polymorphism with reduced cognitive performance in healthy older adults

Author

Bezuch, NE, Bradburn, S, Sipilä, S, Pääsuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Maier, AB, Hogrel, JY, Barnouin, Y, Butler-Browne, G, Narici, M, McPhee, J, Murgatroyd, C, Bezuch, NE, Bradburn, S, Sipilä, S, Pääsuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Maier, AB, Hogrel, JY, Barnouin, Y, Butler-Browne, G, Narici, M, McPhee, J, and Murgatroyd, C

Abstract

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. With increasing life expectancy, age-associated cognitive impairment is an escalating problem worldwide. Inflammation is one of the features that characterises cognitive decline and can stimulate neurodegeneration. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a cytokine frequently associated with a pro-inflammatory phenotype and increased levels have been associated with the pathogenesis of dementia. The rs1800796 polymorphism in the promoter region of IL-6 gene was previously shown to influence IL-6 expression and therefore we hypothesised this gene polymorphism would be associated with IL-6 plasma levels and cognitive performance of older adults. The present study investigated the association of the rs1800796 polymorphism on plasma IL-6 levels and cognition in healthy older adults (n = 207, 74.6 ± 3.4 years, 51% female) that participated in a Pan-European project (MyoAge). The participants were assessed for working memory capacity, executive functioning, episodic memory and global cognition using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery CANTAB. Fasting plasma IL-6 levels were measured by ELISA and genotyping was performed using the KASP assay. Results showed that the rs1800796 polymorphism was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P =.16) with the minor allele (C) showing a frequency of 6.3%. There were no differences in plasma IL-6 concentrations between the GG-homozygotes and C-allele carriers (P =.22). The C-allele carriers performed worse on a measure of executive functioning (P =.035) and had lower global cognitive scores (P =.045), compared to GG-homozygotes. These differences remained significant after accounting for age, sex and prior cognitive abilities (P <.05 for both). There were no differences in measures of memory (episodic and working) between the genotypes group. These findings suggest that the rs1800796 variant may be detrimental for executive functioning, but not memory, in healthy older adults.

Published
2018

17. Assessment of maximal handgrip strength: How many attempts are needed?

Author

Reijnierse, E.M., Jong, N. de, Trappenburg, M.C., Blauw, G.J., Butler-Browne, G., Gapeyeva, H., Hogrel, J.Y., McPhee, J.S., Narici, M.V., Sipila, S., Stenroth, L., Lummel, R.C. van, Pijnappels, M., Meskers, C.G.M., Maier, A.B., Internal medicine, APH - Aging & Later Life, Amsterdam Movement Sciences - Rehabilitation & Development, Rehabilitation medicine, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Neuromechanics, and AMS - Ageing and Morbidity

Subjects
Adult, Sarcopenia, Adolescent, sex difference, Health Status, adult, aged, aging, Article, cohort analysis, dual energy X ray absorptiometry, dynamometer, female, four minute walk test, geriatric assessment, grip strength, health status, human, major clinical study, male, middle aged, muscle strength, outpatient, priority journal, reproducibility, sarcopenia, six minute walk test, walk test, walking speed, X ray bone densitometer, Aged, Geriatric assessment, Muscle strength, Reproducibility of Results, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, 80 and over, Humans, Muscle Strength, Geriatric Assessment, Aged, 80 and over, Hand Strength, Age Factors, Original Articles, Middle Aged, Cross-Sectional Studies, Original Article, lihasvoima
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Handgrip strength (HGS) is used to identify individuals with low muscle strength (dynapenia). The influence of the number of attempts on maximal HGS is not yet known and may differ depending on age and health status. This study aimed to assess how many attempts of HGS are required to obtain maximal HGS.METHODS: Three cohorts (939 individuals) differing in age and health status were included. HGS was assessed three times and explored as continuous and dichotomous variable. Paired t-test, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis were used to test reproducibility of HGS. The number of individuals with misclassified dynapenia at attempts 1 and 2 with respect to attempt 3 were assessed.RESULTS: Results showed the same pattern in all three cohorts. Maximal HGS at attempts 1 and 2 was higher than at attempt 3 on population level (P < 0.001 for all three cohorts). ICC values between all attempts were above 0.8, indicating moderate to high reproducibility. Bland-Altman analysis showed that 41.0 to 58.9% of individuals had the highest HGS at attempt 2 and 12.4 to 37.2% at attempt 3. The percentage of individuals with a maximal HGS above the gender-specific cut-off value at attempt 3 compared with attempts 1 and 2 ranged from 0 to 50.0%, with a higher percentage of misclassification in middle-aged and older populations.CONCLUSIONS: Maximal HGS is dependent on the number of attempts, independent of age and health status. To assess maximal HGS, at least three attempts are needed if HGS is considered to be a continuous variable. If HGS is considered as a discrete variable to assess dynapenia, two attempts are sufficient to assess dynapenia in younger populations. Misclassification should be taken into account in middle-aged and older populations.

Published
2017
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19. Leg-extension strength and chair-rise performance in elderly women with Parkinson's disease.

Author

Pääsuke M, Ereline J, Gapeyeva H, Joost K, Möttus K, and Taba P

Abstract

The lower extremity performance in elderly female patients with mild to moderate Parkinson's disease (PD; n = 12) and controls (n = 16) was compared. Isometric dynamometry and force-plate measurements were used. PD patients had lower (p < .05) bilateral (BL) maximal isometric leg-extension force (MF), BL isometric MF relative to body mass, and maximal rate of isometric force development than control participants. BL strength deficit was greater (p < .05) in PD patients than in controls. A significantly longer chair-rise time and lower maximal rate of vertical-ground-reaction-force development while rising from a chair was found in PD patients than in controls. These findings suggest that elderly women with PD have lowered voluntary isometric force-generation capacity of the leg-extensor muscles. Reduced BL leg-extension strength might contribute to the difficulty of individuals with PD to rise from a chair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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20. Knee extensor muscle strength and vertical jumping performance characteristics in pre- and post-pubertal boys.

Author

Pääsuke M, Ereline J, and Gapeyeva H

Abstract

Knee extensor muscle strength and vertical jumping performance characteristics were compared between 14 pre-pubertal (11-year-old) and post-pubertal (16-year-old) boys. Post-pubertal boys had greater (p < .05) absolute values of maximal isometric force (MF) and rate of force development (RFD), absolute and body mass-related values of isokinetic peak torque of the knee extensor muscles at angular velocities of 60, 180, and 240 degrees x s[-1], as well as jumping height in squat, counter-movement, and drop jumps, than pre-pubertal boys. This study indicated an inability to use the positive effect of stretch-shortening cycle to vertical jumping performance in pre- and post-pubertal boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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21. Dysregulation of CXC motif ligand 10 during aging and association with cognitive performance

Author

Bradburn, Steven, McPhee, J, Bagley, L, Carroll, Michael, Slevin, M, Al-Shanti, Nasser, Barnouin, Y, Hogrel, J-Y, Paasuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Maier, A, Sipila, S, Narici, M, Robinson, A, Mann, D, Payton, A, Pendleton, N, Butler-Browne, G, Murgatroyd, C, Bradburn, Steven, McPhee, J, Bagley, L, Carroll, Michael, Slevin, M, Al-Shanti, Nasser, Barnouin, Y, Hogrel, J-Y, Paasuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Maier, A, Sipila, S, Narici, M, Robinson, A, Mann, D, Payton, A, Pendleton, N, Butler-Browne, G, and Murgatroyd, C

Abstract

Chronic low-grade inflammation during aging (inflammaging) is associated with cognitive decline and neurodegeneration, however, the mechanisms underlying inflammaging are unclear. We studied a population (n = 361) of healthy young and old adults from the MyoAge cohort. Peripheral levels of C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10) was found to be higher in older adults, compared with young, and negatively associated with working memory performance. This coincided with an age-related reduction in blood DNA methylation at specific CpGs within the CXCL10 gene promoter. In vitro analysis supported the role of DNA methylation in regulating CXCL10 transcription. A polymorphism (rs56061981) that altered methylation at one of these CpG sites further associated with working memory performance in two independent aging cohorts. Studying prefrontal cortex samples, we found higher CXCL10 protein levels in those with Alzheimer’s disease, compared to aged controls. These findings support the association of peripheral inflammation, as demonstrated by CXCL10, in aging and cognitive decline. We reveal age-related epigenetic and genetic factors which contribute to the dysregulation of CXCL10.

Published
2017

22. Circulating levels of dickkopf-1, osteoprotegerin and sclerostin are higher in old compared with young men and women and positively associated with whole-body bone mineral density in older adults

Author

Coulson, J, Bagley, L, Barnouin, Y, Bradburn, Steven, Butler-Browne, G, Gapeyeva, H, Hogrel, JY, Maden-Wilkinson, T, Maier, AB, Meskers, C, Murgatroyd, C, Narici, M, Pääsuke, M, Sassano, L, Sipilä, S, AL-Shanti, N, Stenroth, L, Jones, DA, McPhee, Jamie, Coulson, J, Bagley, L, Barnouin, Y, Bradburn, Steven, Butler-Browne, G, Gapeyeva, H, Hogrel, JY, Maden-Wilkinson, T, Maier, AB, Meskers, C, Murgatroyd, C, Narici, M, Pääsuke, M, Sassano, L, Sipilä, S, AL-Shanti, N, Stenroth, L, Jones, DA, and McPhee, Jamie

Abstract

© 2017 International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation Summary: Bone mineral density declines with increasing older age. We examined the levels of circulating factors known to regulate bone metabolism in healthy young and older adults. The circulating levels of dickkopf-1, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin and sclerostin were positively associated with whole-body bone mineral density (WBMD) in older adults, despite the average WBMD being lower and circulating dickkopf-1, osteoprotegerin and sclerostin being higher in old than young. Introduction: This study aims to investigate the relationship between whole-body bone mineral density (WBMD) and levels of circulating factors with known roles in bone remodelling during ‘healthy’ ageing. Methods: WBMD and fasting plasma concentrations of dickkopf-1, fibroblast growth factor-23, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, osteopontin and sclerostin were measured in 272 older subjects (69 to 81 years; 52% female) and 171 younger subjects (18–30 years; 53% female). Results: WBMD was lower in old than young. Circulating osteocalcin was lower in old compared with young, while dickkopf-1, osteoprotegerin and sclerostin were higher in old compared with young. These circulating factors were each positively associated with WBMD in the older adults and the relationships remained after adjustment for covariates (r values ranging from 0.174 to 0.254, all p < 0.01). In multivariate regression, the body mass index, circulating sclerostin and whole-body lean mass together accounted for 13.8% of the variation with WBMD in the older adults. In young adults, dickkopf-1 and body mass index together accounted for 7.7% of variation in WBMD. Conclusion: Circulating levels of dickkopf-1, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin and sclerostin are positively associated with WBMD in community-dwelling older adults, despite the average WBMD being lower and circulating dickkopf-1, osteoprotegerin and sclerostin being higher in old than young.

Published
2017

23. Assessment of maximal handgrip strength: How many attempts are needed?

Author

Reijnierse, EM, de Jong, N, Trappenburg, MC, Blauw, GJ, Butler-Browne, G, Gapeyeva, H, Hogrel, JY, Mcphee, JS, Narici, MV, Sipilä, S, Stenroth, L, van Lummel, RC, Pijnappels, M, Meskers, CGM, Maier, AB, Reijnierse, EM, de Jong, N, Trappenburg, MC, Blauw, GJ, Butler-Browne, G, Gapeyeva, H, Hogrel, JY, Mcphee, JS, Narici, MV, Sipilä, S, Stenroth, L, van Lummel, RC, Pijnappels, M, Meskers, CGM, and Maier, AB

Abstract

© 2017 The Authors. Background: Handgrip strength (HGS) is used to identify individuals with low muscle strength (dynapenia). The influence of the number of attempts on maximal HGS is not yet known and may differ depending on age and health status. This study aimed to assess how many attempts of HGS are required to obtain maximal HGS. Methods: Three cohorts (939 individuals) differing in age and health status were included. HGS was assessed three times and explored as continuous and dichotomous variable. Paired t-test, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis were used to test reproducibility of HGS. The number of individuals with misclassified dynapenia at attempts 1 and 2 with respect to attempt 3 were assessed. Results: Results showed the same pattern in all three cohorts. Maximal HGS at attempts 1 and 2 was higher than at attempt 3 on population level (P < 0.001 for all three cohorts). ICC values between all attempts were above 0.8, indicating moderate to high reproducibility. Bland-Altman analysis showed that 41.0 to 58.9% of individuals had the highest HGS at attempt 2 and 12.4 to 37.2% at attempt 3. The percentage of individuals with a maximal HGS above the gender-specific cut-off value at attempt 3 compared with attempts 1 and 2 ranged from 0 to 50.0%, with a higher percentage of misclassification in middle-aged and older populations. Conclusions: Maximal HGS is dependent on the number of attempts, independent of age and health status. To assess maximal HGS, at least three attempts are needed if HGS is considered to be a continuous variable. If HGS is considered as a discrete variable to assess dynapenia, two attempts are sufficient to assess dynapenia in younger populations. Misclassification should be taken into account in middle-aged and older populations.

Published
2017

24. Association between osteocalcin and cognitive performance in healthy older adults

Author

Bradburn S, Jamie McPhee, Bagley L, Sipila S, Stenroth L, Mv, Narici, Pääsuke M, Gapeyeva H, Osborne G, Sassano L, Cg, Meskers, Ab, Maier, Jy, Hogrel, Barnouin Y, Butler-Browne G, Murgatroyd C, Neuromechanics, Research Institute MOVE, Rehabilitation medicine, MOVE Research Institute, and Internal medicine

Subjects
cognition, Male, Aging, osteopontin, very elderly, Cognitive decline, sclerostin, Neuropsychological Tests, older people, Executive Function, Absorptiometry, Photon, Bone Density, blood analysis, cognitive defect, photon absorptiometry, 80 and over, calcium blood level, dickkopf 1 protein, 25 hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, fibroblast growth factor 23, osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, parathyroid hormone, biological marker, osteocalcin, adult, aged, Article, bone density, bone remodeling, controlled study, cross-sectional study, dual energy X ray absorptiometry, episodic memory, executive function, female, human, male, neuropsychological test, priority journal, working memory, adolescent, age, aging, blood, clinical trial, cognitive aging, comparative study, Europe, metabolic bone disease, multicenter study, psychology, sex difference, short term memory, young adult, Absorptiometry, Photon, Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers, Bone Diseases, Metabolic, Bone Remodeling, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Cognitive Aging, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Memory, Episodic, Memory, Short-Term, Osteocalcin, Sex Factors, Young Adult, Ageing, Older people, adult, Photon, young adult, Bone Diseases, Episodic, Research Paper, Memory, Absorptiometry, cognitive decline, ikääntyminen, Short-Term, Metabolic
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: cognitive deterioration and reductions of bone health coincide with increasing age. We examine the relationship between bone composition and plasma markers of bone remodelling with measures of cognitive performance in healthy adults.METHODS: this cross-sectional study included 225 old (52% women, mean age: 74.4 ± 3.3 years) and 134 young (52% women, mean age: 23.4 ± 2.7 years) adult participants from the MyoAge project. Whole body bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood analyses included a panel of bone-related peptides (dickkopf-1, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin (OC), osteopontin, sclerostin, parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor 23), as well as serum calcium and 25-hydroxy vitamin D assays. A selection of cognitive domains (working memory capacity, episodic memory, executive functioning and global cognition) was assessed with a standardised neuropsychological test battery.RESULTS: adjusting for covariates and multiple testing revealed that plasma OC levels were positively associated with measures of executive functioning (β = 0.444, P < 0.001) and global cognition (β = 0.381, P = 0.001) in the older women.DISCUSSION: these correlative results demonstrate a positive association between OC, a factor known to regulate bone remodelling, with cognitive performance in older non-demented women. Further work should address possible mechanistic interpretations in humans.

Published
2016
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25. Effect of static and dynamic stretching on jump performance in speed and explosive power trained track and field athletes

Author

Bacchieri S., Meerits T., Paasuke M., Gapeyeva H., CICCHELLA, ANTONIO, Paasuke M., Bacchieri S., Meerits T., Cicchella A., and Gapeyeva H.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules, food and beverages, Computer Science::Human-Computer Interaction, Computer Science::Databases
Abstract

Static and dynamic stretching were studied in a population of track and field power event athletes. Results shows that dynamic stretching can significantly impair the jump performance.

Published
2014

26. SUN-P051: Assessment of Maximal Handgrip Strength: How Many Attempts are Needed?

Author

Reijnierse, E.M., primary, de Jong, N., additional, Trappenburg, M.C., additional, Blauw, G.J., additional, Butler-Browne, G., additional, Gapeyeva, H., additional, Hogrel, J.-Y., additional, Narici, M.V., additional, Sipilä, S., additional, Stenroth, L., additional, van Lummel, R.C., additional, Pijnappels, M., additional, Meskers, C.G., additional, and Maier, A.B., additional

Published
2017
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27. Association between osteocalcin and cognitive performance in healthy older adults.

Author

Bradburn, S, McPhee, JS, Bagley, L, Sipila, S, Stenroth, L, Narici, MV, Pääsuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Osborne, G, Sassano, L, Meskers, CG, Maier, AB, Hogrel, JY, Barnouin, Y, Butler-Browne, G, Murgatroyd, C, Bradburn, S, McPhee, JS, Bagley, L, Sipila, S, Stenroth, L, Narici, MV, Pääsuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Osborne, G, Sassano, L, Meskers, CG, Maier, AB, Hogrel, JY, Barnouin, Y, Butler-Browne, G, and Murgatroyd, C

Abstract

Introduction: cognitive deterioration and reductions of bone health coincide with increasing age. We examine the relationship between bone composition and plasma markers of bone remodelling with measures of cognitive performance in healthy adults. Methods: this cross-sectional study included 225 old (52% women, mean age: 74.4 ± 3.3 years) and 134 young (52% women, mean age: 23.4 ± 2.7 years) adult participants from the MyoAge project. Whole body bone mineral density was measured by dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood analyses included a panel of bone-related peptides (dickkopf-1, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin (OC), osteopontin, sclerostin, parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor 23), as well as serum calcium and 25-hydroxy vitamin D assays. A selection of cognitive domains (working memory capacity, episodic memory, executive functioning and global cognition) was assessed with a standardised neuropsychological test battery. Results: adjusting for covariates and multiple testing revealed that plasma OC levels were positively associated with measures of executive functioning (β = 0.444, P < 0.001) and global cognition (β = 0.381, P = 0.001) in the older women. Discussion: these correlative results demonstrate a positive association between OC, a factor known to regulate bone remodelling, with cognitive performance in older non-demented women. Further work should address possible mechanistic interpretations in humans.

Published
2016

28. Associations between muscle strength, spirometric pulmonary function and mobility in healthy older adults

Author

Sillanpää, Elina, Stenroth, Lauri, Bijlsma, A.Y., Rantanen, Taina, McPhee, J. S., Maden-Wilkinson, T. M., Jones, D. A., Narici, M. V., Gapeyeva, H., Pääsuke, M., Barnouin, Y., Butler-Browne, G. S., Meskers, C. G., Maier, A. B., Törmäkangas, Timo, and Sipilä, Sarianna

Subjects
lower extremity muscle power, timed up and go test, handgrip strength, six-minute walk test, spirometria, spirometric pulmonary function, knee extension torque
Abstract

Background: Pathological obstruction in lungs leads to severe decreases in muscle strength and mobility in patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interdependency between muscle strength, spirometric pulmonary functions and mobility outcomes in healthy older men and women, where skeletal muscle and pulmonary function decline without interference of overt disease. Methods: 135 69 to 81‐yr‐old participants were recruited into the cross‐sectional study, which was performed as a part of European study MyoAge. Full, partial and no mediation models were constructed to assess the interdependency between muscle strength (handgrip strength, knee extension torque, lower extremity muscle power), spirometric pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1 and FEF50) and mobility (6‐min walk and Timed Up and Go tests). The models were adjusted for age, sex, total fat mass, body height and site of enrolment. Results: Partial mediation models, indicating both direct and pulmonary function mediated associations between muscle strength and mobility, fitted best to the data. Greater handgrip strength was significantly associated with higher FVC, FEV1 and FEF50 (p

Published
2014

30. Serum albumin and muscle measures in a cohort of healthy young and old participants

Author

Reijnierse, EM, Trappenburg, MC, Leter, MJ, Sipila, S, Stenroth, L, Narici, MV, Hogrel, JY, Butler-Browne, G, McPhee, JS, Paeaesuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Meskers, CGM, Maier, AB, Reijnierse, EM, Trappenburg, MC, Leter, MJ, Sipila, S, Stenroth, L, Narici, MV, Hogrel, JY, Butler-Browne, G, McPhee, JS, Paeaesuke, M, Gapeyeva, H, Meskers, CGM, and Maier, AB

Abstract

Consensus on clinically valid diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia requires a systematical assessment of the association of its candidate measures of muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance on one side and muscle-related clinical parameters on the other side. In this study, we systematically assessed associations between serum albumin as a muscle-related parameter and muscle measures in 172 healthy young (aged 18-30 years) and 271 old participants (aged 69-81 year) from the European MYOAGE study. Muscle measures included relative muscle mass, i.e., total- and appendicular lean mass (ALM) percentage, absolute muscle mass, i.e., ALM/height(2) and total lean mass in kilograms, handgrip strength, and walking speed. Muscle measures were standardized and analyzed in multivariate linear regression models, stratified by age. Adjustment models included age, body composition, C-reactive protein and lifestyle factors. In young participants, serum albumin was positively associated with lean mass percentage (p = 0.007) and with ALM percentage (p = 0.001). In old participants, serum albumin was not associated with any of the muscle measures. In conclusion, the association between serum albumin and muscle measures was only found in healthy young participants and the strongest for measures of relative muscle mass.

Published
2015

31. SUN-PP083: The Impact of Different Diagnostic Criteria on the Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Healthy Elderly Participants and Geriatric Outpatients

Author

Reijnierse, E.M., primary, Trappenburg, M.C., additional, Leter, M.J., additional, Blauw, G.J., additional, Sipilä, S., additional, Sillanpää, E., additional, Narici, M.V., additional, Hogrel, J.-Y., additional, Butler-Browne, G., additional, McPhee, J.S., additional, Gapeyeva, H., additional, Pääsuke, M., additional, de van der Schueren, M.A.E., additional, Meskers, C.G., additional, and Maier, A.B., additional

Published
2015
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33. Diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia and physical performance

Author

Bijlsma, A. Y., primary, Meskers, C. G. M., additional, van den Eshof, N., additional, Westendorp, R. G., additional, Sipilä, S., additional, Stenroth, L., additional, Sillanpää, E., additional, McPhee, J. S., additional, Jones, D. A., additional, Narici, M. V., additional, Gapeyeva, H., additional, Pääsuke, M., additional, Voit, T., additional, Barnouin, Y., additional, Hogrel, J. Y., additional, Butler-Browne, G., additional, and Maier, A. B., additional

Published
2013
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38. Quadriceps femoris muscle function prior and after total knee arthroplasty in women with knee osteoarthritis.

Author

Vahtrik D, Gapeyeva H, Aibast H, Ereline J, Kums T, Haviko T, Märtson A, Schneider G, Pääsuke M, Vahtrik, Doris, Gapeyeva, Helena, Aibast, Herje, Ereline, Jaan, Kums, Tatjana, Haviko, Tiit, Märtson, Aare, Schneider, Galina, and Pääsuke, Mati

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to evaluate an isometric voluntary force generation and relaxation capacity of the quadriceps femoris (QF) muscle prior and after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods: Isometric maximal voluntary contraction force, rate of force development, voluntary activation, half-relaxation time, and latency of contraction of the QF muscle were recorded in 12 female patients (aged 49-68 years) with knee osteoarthritis one day before, 3 and 6 months following TKA in the operated and nonoperated leg. Knee pain intensity was assessed by visual analog scale, and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) questionnaire was used to assess knee problems during daily living.Results: A significant decrease in knee pain and significant increase in KOOS were established after TKA. Maximal voluntary isometric force in the operated leg was lower (P < 0.05) before, 3 and 6 months after TKA as compared to the nonoperated leg. Rate of force development of the QF muscle in the operated leg compared to the nonoperated leg was significantly lower (P < 0.05) 3 and 6 months after TKA. Voluntary activation, latency of contraction, and half-relaxation time of the QF muscle did not differ significantly before, 3 and 6 months after TKA.Conclusions: The present study indicated reduced maximal and explosive strength of quadriceps femoris muscle in the operated leg 3 and 6 months after TKA with no significant changes in voluntary activation, and capacity for rapid contraction and relaxation.Level Of Evidence: Prospective comparative study, Level II. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012

39. CHANGES IN ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS DURING CYCLING EXERCISE AT CONSTANT INTENSITY.

Author

Lepasalu, L., Ereline, J., Gapeyeva, H., Kums, T., and Pääsuke, M.

Subjects
ELECTROMYOGRAPHY, CYCLING, CYCLISTS, HEART beat, FATIGUE (Physiology)
Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in surface electromyography (sEMG) parameters during 30-minute cycling exercise (250 W) at constant intensity in laboratory conditions. Ten male cyclists with the mean (±SE) age of 23.8±3.7 years participated. The sEMG power spectrum median frequency (MF) of rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris and erector spinae muscles, heart rate and the subjective rate of fatigue by Borg scale were measured in the beginning, during and at the end of exercise. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force of the knee extensor muscles was assessed before and after the end of exercise. A significant decrease (p<0.05) in sEMG power spectrum MF for erector spinae muscle at the end of exercise compared to the initial level was found, whereas the knee extensor and flexor muscles revealed no significant changes in this parameter. The subjective rate of fatigue increased moderately during the cycling exercise (p < 0.05). The heart rate was stable during the exercise, remaining predominantly in the aerobic zone. After the exercise, MVC force was significantly (p<0.05) decreased compared to the pre-exercise level. We concluded that based on sEMG power spectrum MF, 30- minute cycling exercise at constant intensity caused a marked fatigue of erector spinae muscle with no significant fatigue-induced changes in knee extensor and flexor muscles. A marked decrease of voluntary force capacity of knee extensor muscles was found after exercise. A moderate subjectively assessed fatigue was established at the end of exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

40. CHANGES IN HIP MUSCLE STRENGTH AFTER PROXIMAL FEMORAL FRACTURE IN ELDERLY WOMEN.

Author

Ivanova, N., Aibast, H., Gapeyeva, H., Kums, T., Märtson, A., and Pääsuke, M.

Subjects
MUSCLE strength, BONE fractures, OLDER women, DYNAMOMETER, POSTOPERATIVE period, PAIN, VISUAL analog scale, WOUNDS & injuries
Abstract

Hip muscle weakness is an often-occurring condition after displaced fractures of the proximal femur in older patients. The aim of this study was to compare hip muscle strength and pain in elderly female patients after proximal femoral fracture. Nine female patients (mean±SD of 71.4±3.9 yrs) participated in this study. Knee extensor, hip abductor and adductor muscle strength was evaluated with handheld dynamometer Lafayette (USA) during the first week of postoperative stay in hospital, and 6 months postfracture with fractured and nonfractured leg. Pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale. A week after the operation knee extensor, hip abductor and adductor muscle isometric muscle strength for the fractured leg was decreased (p<0.05) by 50.7%, 55.6% and 38.8%, respectively, compared to the nonfractured limb. At 6-month follow-up, hip muscle strength increased significantly (p < 0.05) in both the fractured and nonfractured leg. Hip muscle strength for the fractured leg was significantly lower (p<0.05) compared with the nonfractured leg 6 months after surgery. Pain score was significantly (p<0.05) higher during the first postoperative week as compared to 6 months follow-up. It was concluded that voluntary maximal isometric forcegenerating capacity of knee and hip muscles for the fractured leg was markedly increased 1 week and 6 months postoperatively. Isometric force-generating capacity for the fractured leg was significantly improved by 6 months follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

41. EFFECT OF HOME EXERCISE PROGRAMME ON THIGH MUSCLE STRENGTH BEFORE TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY.

Author

Sokk, J., Gapeyeva, H., Ereline, J., Haviko, T., and Pääsuke, M.

Subjects
PHYSICAL training & conditioning, THIGH, MUSCLE strength measurement, HAMSTRING muscle physiology, TOTAL knee replacement, PHYSIOLOGY
Abstract

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of home exercise programme (HEP) on thigh muscle strength in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) before unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Five femaleOA patients with mean age 67.8±5.9 years participated in the study. Isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force of the quadriceps femoris (QF) and hamstring (HM) muscles was measured by hand-held dynamometry. Knee active range of motion (aROM) in flexion was measured by goniometer. Knee pain score was evaluated by knee pain scale before and after HEP. A significant reduction (p<0.05) in MVC force of the QF and HM muscles and aROM in flexion were noted before HEP, comparing the involved and uninvolved leg. After HEP, MVC force of the QF muscle increased significantly (p<0.05) for the involved and uninvolved leg, whereas no significant differences (p>0.05) were observed between the limbs. MVC force of the HM muscle and aROM in flexion remained significantly lower (p<0.05) for the involved leg as compared with the uninvolved leg after HEP. Knee pain score was significantly (p<0.05) higher for the involved leg before and after HEP as compared with the uninvolved leg. Two months before the operation, HEP was an effective therapeutic procedure for increasing QF muscle strength in patients who underwent TKA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

42. KNEE PAIN AND POSTURAL STABILITY IN WOMEN WITH GONARTHROSIS BEFORE AND SIX MONTHS AFTER UNILATERAL TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT.

Author

Rätsepsoo, M., Gapeyeva, H., Vahtrik, D., Aibast, H., Ereline, J., Haviko, T., Märtson, A., and Pääsuke, M.

Subjects
TOTAL knee replacement, KNEE pain, POSTURE, OSTEOARTHRITIS, POSTURAL balance
Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate knee pain and postural stability in women with knee osteoarthritis (OA), who used postoperative home exercise program (HEP) with balance exercises. 14 women with knee OA in stage III-IV (aged 48-70 years) participated in this study before and 6 months after unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA). All patients performed HEP during 6 months after unilateral TKA. Data of patients was compared with healthy age-matched women (controls, n=10). Postural stability characteristics (centre of pressure (COP) displacement in the anterior-posterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) direction, COP sway equivalent radius and area) during 30 s bipedal standing (eyes open) were recorded on two dynamographic force plates. Pain in knee joint was estimated with visual-analogue scale. COP displacement in AP direction of the operated and non-operated leg was greater (p<0.05) in women with knee OA before and 6 months after TKA compared to the controls. Knee joint pain in the operated leg reduced 70% after TKA. TKA together with HEP has an important role in preserving postural stability and reducing knee joint pain in women with III-IV stage gonarthrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

43. EVALUATION OF WORK-RELATED NEUROMUSCULAR FATIGUE AND DISCOMFORT IN FEMALE SALES WORKERS.

Author

Nõu, T., Ereline, J., Gapeyeva, H., Meister, E., and Pääsuke, M.

Subjects
NEUROMUSCULAR diseases, WORK-related injuries, FATIGUE (Physiology), DYNAMOMETER, GRIP strength
Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare neuromuscular fatigue and discomfort following workday in groups of sales workers, who were working predominantly in standing or sitting position. Ten female sales workers (aged 21-66 yrs), who worked predominantly in standing position (ST) and 9 female sales workers (aged 20-54 yrs), who worked predominantly in sitting position (SI) participated in this study. Neuromuscular fatigue and discomfort after the workday immediately was subjectively evaluated by 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS) in neck, shoulder, low-back and leg regions. Visualmotor coordination was assessed by Grooved Pegboard test and hand grip strength for both arms was tested by hand dynamometer before and after the workday. The results indicated that after the workday, subjectively evaluated neuromuscular fatigue and discomfort in ST group was higher (p<0.05) in posterior calf region compared with SI group. SI group felt subjectively significantly higher (p<0.05) neuromuscular fatigue and discomfort in shoulder region after the workday as compared to ST group. Before the workday, the Grooved Pegboard test time was shorter (p<0.05) in SI group, whereas hand grip strength for right arm was higher (p<0.05) in ST group. No significant workrelated changes were found in Grooved Pegboard test time and hand grip strength in the measured groups. It was concluded that following the workday, subjectively evaluated neuromuscular fatigue and dis comfort was more pronounced in ST group in posterior calf region and in SI group in shoulder muscles. No significant fatigue-induced changes in visual-motor coordination and in voluntary isometric forcegeneration capacity of hand muscles were established in female sales workers following the workday. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

44. POSTURAL CONTROL AND VERTICAL JUMPING PERFORMANCE IN ADOLESCENT AND ADULT MALE BASKETBALL PLAYERS.

Author

Jallai, T., Ereline, J., Kums, T., Aibast, H., Gapeyeva, H., and Pääsuke, M.

Subjects
JUMPING, BASKETBALL players, POSTURE, TEENAGERS & adults, ANTHROPOMETRY
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare postural control and vertical jumping performance characteristics in adolescent and adult male basketball players. Forty nine male basketball players participated in this study. They were distributed into three groups: (1) young adolescents (YA; with mean age 15.4±0.7 yrs), (2) old adolescents (OA; 17.9±1.2 yrs), and (3) adults (AD; 25.9±3.7 yrs). Static standing balance during bi- and unipedal standing and vertical jumping characteristics were measured on a force platform. AD basketball players had significantly (p<0.05) higher vertical jumping height and power development per unit of body mass as compared to YA and OA group; OA group outperformed YA group as well. Static standing stability was better in AD group than YA and OA group. There were no significant differences between YA and OA groups in static standing balance test. Age and sports participation were significantly (p<0.05) positively correlated with vertical jumping height and power. Anthropometrical characteristics and sports participation were all significantly (p<0.05) negatively correlated with centre of pressure trace length during bi- and unipedal standing. No significant correlation was observed between balance and vertical jumping characteristics. It was concluded that in male basketball players the improvement in vertical jumping performance and static standing balance during bipedal stance are influenced by sports participation and maturation, whereas static standing balance during unipedal stance is not affected by aforementioned factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

45. GAIT AND MUSCLE STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS IN TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY PATIENTS WITH PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME BEFORE AND SIX MONTHS AFTER SURGERY.

Author

Gapeyeva, H., Ereline, J., Haviko, T., Aibast, H., and Pääsuke, M.

Subjects
MUSCLE strength, TOTAL knee replacement, PLICA syndrome, SURGERY, ISOMETRIC exercise, PATIENTS
Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the gait and muscle strength characteristics in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) before and six months after surgery. Eight patients (4 men and 4 women) aged 58-77 years with PFPS following unilateral TKA who had primary degenerative knee OA participated in the study before and six months after reoperation. In patients was registered the active range of motion (AROM) of knee extension and flexion, hip abduction and adduction. Isometric maximal voluntary contraction (IMVC) force of knee flexors, extensors, abductors and adductors was measured and gait kinematic characteristics and kinetic characteristics of knee joint were recorded. Knee flexion AROM in the involved leg was significantly lower (p<0.05) as compared to the uninvolved leg pre- and post-surgery. The patients had greater (p<0.05) hip abduction AROM and significant increase (31%, p<0.05) of IMVC force of the involved leg's hip abductors postoperatively as compared before surgery. Six months after surgery a significant (p<0.05) improvement of gait spatiotemporal characteristics (increase of swing time and stride length (p<0.05), together with decrease of stance time and cadence, as well increase of stride length) was noted in the involved leg. In TKA patients 6 months after reoperation due to PFPS the knee joint function in involved leg was significantly improved and the positive changes in gait with comfortable velocity took place as compared before surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011

46. LEG EXTENSOR MUSCLE VOLUNTARY ISOMETRIC FORCE PRODUCTION CAPACITY IN CHILDREN WITH SPASTIC DIPLEGIA.

Author

Pääsuke, M., Kuresson, K., Gapeyeva, H., Ereline, J., Kums, T., and Aibast, H.

Subjects
CEREBRAL palsy, CHILDREN with cerebral palsy, SPASTICITY, MUSCLE strength, ISOMETRIC exercise, LEG exercises
Abstract

The aim of this study was to compare the isometric force production capacity of the leg extensor muscles in 9-12-year-old children with spastic diplegia (SD; 11 girls and 10 boys) and age- and gendermatched nondisabled children (11 girls and 10 boys). Isometric maximal voluntary contraction force of the leg extensor muscles was measured during unilateral and bilateral contractions (leg press exercise) using custom-made dynamometric chair. Children with SD had significantly (p<0.05) lower isometric maximal force during bilateral and unilateral contractions compared with healthy children. Bilateral strength deficit did not differ significantly in children with and without SD. No significant correlations between isometric force characteristics of the leg extensor muscles and anthropometric parameters were observed in children with SD. These results indicated that in children with SD, isometric voluntary force-generating capacity of the leg extensor muscles during bilateral and unilateral contractions is markedly reduced, whereas bilateral strength deficit is not differ compared with age- and gender-matched healthy children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010

47. SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF NEUROMUSCULAR FATIGUE IN FEMALE PAINTERS.

Author

Jansen, K., Luik, M., Viljasoo, V., Ereline, J., Gapeyeva, H., and Pääsuke, M.

Subjects
NEUROMUSCULAR system, FATIGUE (Physiology), SPECTRUM analysis, MUSCLES, ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate subjectively and objectively neuromuscular fatigue in female painters before and after a working day. The subjects (n=11) were female painters aged 22-60 years. The subjects completed a questionnaire and gave a subjective evaluation on muscle fatigue sensation in hands, trunk, back and lower limbs according to Borg's Category Ratio (CR-10) scale. Thereafter they performed 3-minute test of painting a wall, in the course of which the electromyographical (EMG) power spectral median frequency (MF) slope for biceps brachii, trapezius, deltoid and infraspinatus muscles was measured. The results indicated a significant change in the subjective muscle fatigue sensation in hands by 40%, lower limbs by 54% and trunk by 57% after the working day, compared to the beginning of the working day. EMG power spectral MF slope of the measured muscles did not differ significantly during the 3-minute wall coloring test before and after working day. It was concluded that subjective muscle fatigue sensation in hands, lower limbs and trunk was higher after the working day whereas it was less pronounced in the back. Muscle fatigue evaluated objectively by MF slope of EMG power spectrum from biceps brachii, trepezius, deltoid and infraspinatus muscles was not evident during the wall coloring test before and after the working day. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2009

48. REARFOOT KINEMATICS IN DISTANCE RUNNERS: ASSOCIATION WITH OVERUSE INJURIES.

Author

Aibast, H., Pafumi, E., Gapeyeva, H., Ereline, J., Cicchella, A., and Pääsuke, M.

Subjects
LONG-distance runners, KINEMATICS, OVERUSE injuries, PRONATION, SUPINATION
Abstract

Distance runners suffer often from overuse injures, caused by excessive pronation or supinating foot. The purpose of this study was to compare the rearfoot kinematics and the questionnaire results of incidences of overuse injuries symptoms. Fourteen distance runners, who were distributed into the more-symptomatic (MSL, n = 7) and less-symptomatic (LSL, n = 7) groups according to the questionnaire participated in this study. The subjects ran at average speed 3.79 m·s-1 on the 5,8 m runway with four markers set on rearfoot and shank, and kinematics were determined using the motion analysis system with 6 and 8 cameras. For the rearfoot kinematics analysis the angles between calcaneus and shank in both legs were measured: angle at impact; maximum angle; the pronation amplitude; time from impact to maximum angle; time from maximum angle to toe-off supination. The pronation amplitude in the right foot was greater (p < 0.05) in MSL compared to LSL group (5.5° and 8.2°, respectively; p = 0.02). The other measured parameters did not differ significantly between the groups. We concluded that the variations in rearfoot kinematics can not be the reasons for causing the symptoms of overuse and their origin should be searched from training errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008

49. Twitch contractile properties of plantarflexor muscles in young and middle-aged recreationally physically active and non-active women.

Author

Kuu S, Gapeyeva H, Ereline J, and Pääsuke M

Abstract

BACKROUND AND AIMS: This study examined the effect of recreational physical activity on the contractile properties of skeletal muscles in middleaged vs young women. METHODS: A total 74 young (20- 29-year-old) and middle-aged (45-54-year-old) women participated. The subjects were distributed into four groups: 1) young recreationally physically active (RPA) (n=19), 2) young recreationally physically non-active (RPN) (n=21), 3) middle-aged RPA (n=23) and 4) middle- aged RPN (n=16). RPA women exercised regularly in groups of recreational gymnastics 2-3 times per week. Isometric twitch of the plantarflexor muscles was evoked by supramaximal electrical stimulation of the tibial nerve in resting and post-activation potentiation state. RESULTS: A greater resting twitch maximal rate of force development (RFD), and potentiated twitch peak force (PF) and maximal rate of relaxation (RR) were observed in the young RPA women compared with the two middle-aged women groups. In young RPN women, these characteristics were greater than in the middle-aged RPN women, whereas they did not differ significantly when compared with the middleaged RPA women. A shorter resting and potentiated twitch contraction time, and a greater potentiated twitch maximal RFD were found in the young compared with the middle-aged groups. There were no significant differences in twitch characteristics between RPA and RPN women of similar age. CONCLUSIONS: The recreational gymnastic type of physical activity did not have a marked effect on twitch contractile properties in young and middle-aged women. A reduced speed of isometric twitch contraction was found in middle-aged women, which was more pronounced in the post-activation potentiation state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007
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50. MOTOR PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS IN PATIENTS WITH MILD-TO-MODERATE PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND HEALTHY CONTROLS.

Author

Noorvee, K., Uueni, D., Ereline, J., Gapeyeva, H., Taba, P., and Pääsuke, M.

Subjects
MOTOR ability, PARKINSON'S disease, MUSCLE strength, POSTURE, BRAIN diseases
Abstract

The article examines the difference of motor performance characteristics between patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and nondisabled age- and gender-matched controls. An isometric dynamometer was used to measure isometric maximal voluntary contraction force and rate of force development of the knee extensor muscles. The relationship between the assessed motor performance characteristics and the scores of Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale in PD patients was also measured.

Published
2006

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