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A metallacycle-based porous crystal with intrinsic cavities could efficiently steer CO2-to-CH4 electrocatalytic conversion by the synergic effect of size-adaptivity and confined microenvironment.

Macleaya cordata is a perennial upright herb belonging to the family Papaveraceae that represents a natural and low-residue product that has good effects in the prevention and treatment of livestock and poultry diseases and improves production performance; moreover, drug resistance to Macleaya cordata is difficult to establish. However, the specific mechanism of action is not clear. Therefore, this study was performed to clarify the molecular mechanism through transcriptome technology. Thirty-six specific pathogen free (SPF) male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 3 groups of 12 rats each: high and low dose groups of 0.5 mg/10 g bw.d and 0.05 mg/10 g bw.d, respectively, and a blank group administered normal saline. Three livers from each group were collected for transcriptome sequencing, and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation, and pathway enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed. Transcriptome sequencing results revealed 104 upregulated and 354 downregulated genes in the high-dose group and 116 upregulated and 46 downregulated genes in the low-dose group compared with the blank group. The GO analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly associated with ATP metabolism, molecular transmembrane transport, protein decomposition and regulation, and nitrogen metabolism. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, amino acid metabolism, lipid transport, purine metabolism, and gluconeogenesis. Eight differentially expressed genes (RAD15D, BMP7, NFATC4, HDC, RPS6, RPS25, MRP133, and COX6C) verified by qRT-PCR were consistent with the trend of transcriptional sequencing.

Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) capable of self-renewal and differentiation into neural cell lineages offer broad prospects for cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. However, cell therapy based on NPC transplantation is limited by the inability to acquire sufficient quantities of NPCs. Previous studies have found that a chemical cocktail of valproic acid, CHIR99021, and Repsox (VCR) promotes mouse fibroblasts to differentiate into NPCs under hypoxic conditions. Therefore, we used VCR (0.5 mM valproic acid, 3 μM CHIR99021, and 1 μM Repsox) to induce the reprogramming of rat embryonic fibroblasts into NPCs under a hypoxic condition (5%). These NPCs exhibited typical neurosphere-like structures that can express NPC markers, such as Nestin, SRY-box transcription factor 2, and paired box 6 (Pax6), and could also differentiate into multiple types of functional neurons and astrocytes in vitro. They had similar gene expression profiles to those of rat brain-derived neural stem cells. Subsequently, the chemically-induced NPCs (ciNPCs) were stereotactically transplanted into the substantia nigra of 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned parkinsonian rats. We found that the ciNPCs exhibited long-term survival, migrated long distances, and differentiated into multiple types of functional neurons and glial cells in vivo. Moreover, the parkinsonian behavioral defects of the parkinsonian model rats grafted with ciNPCs showed remarkable functional recovery. These findings suggest that rat fibroblasts can be directly transformed into NPCs using a chemical cocktail of VCR without introducing exogenous factors, which may be an attractive donor material for transplantation therapy for Parkinson's disease.

Background. Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) are a common and prevalent disease with main symptoms of pain, joint sounds, and mandibular movement disorders, which seriously affects the mental health and quality of life of the sufferers. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of studies utilizing warm needle acupuncture (WNA) for the treatment of TMD, and the quality of the studies has gradually improved. However, evidence from evidence-based medicine is lacking. This study aims to use a systematic review and meta-analysis method to understand the efficacy of WNA for the treatment of TMD. Methods and Analysis. We searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of WNA for the treatment of TMD from 9 electronic databases, including 5 English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and MEDLINE) and 4 Chinese databases (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese VIP Information, Wanfang Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM)) from their inception to May 2021. The included RCTs compared WNA with acupuncture, electroacupuncture, pharmacological therapy, or other therapies. And outcome indicators such as total effective rate and cure rate were assessed. All analyses were conducted using RevMan software V5.3 and Stata16. Measurement count data used the relative risk (RR) as the efficacy statistic, and each effect size was given its point estimate value and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results. The meta-analysis included 10 studies with a total of 670 patients, which included 340 patients in the experimental group and 330 patients in the control group. The data in this review showed that WNA is superior to treatments such as acupuncture alone, acupuncture therapy combined with TDP, drug therapy, and ultrasonic therapy in terms of effective rate (RR = 1.20; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.35; and P = 0.003) and cure rate (RR = 1.82; 95% CI, 1.46 to 2.28; and P

Objective: To investigate the expression of LncRNA MNX1-AS1 in NSCLC and its effect on NSCLC cell lines. Methods: In this experiment, the expression of LncRNA MNX1-AS1 was detected by qRT-PCR in 116 NSCLC samples, and the correlation between MNX1-AS1 and NSCLC patients was further analyzed by chi-square test. The prognostic value of MNX1-AS1 was assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival curve. The expression of MNX1-AS1 in NSCLC cell line A549 was knocked down, and the effects of MNX1-AS1 on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells were evaluated. Results: Compared with normal lung tissue, the expression of MNX1-AS1 was significantly increased in lung cancer tissues (p

Background Given that acupuncture treatment for pain has gradually been accepted by researchers from various countries. However, few bibliometric analyses have been performed on the published articles. The objective of this research was to review its application for pain in recent 10 years and analyze, demonstrate and evaluate the trends, major research hotspots and frontier areas. Methods The Web of Science retrieved literature from 2010 to 2020 on acupuncture for pain. The CiteSpace and Excel were used to analyze annual volumes of publications, journals, cited journals, countries, institutions, authors, cited authors, references and keywords and to draw collaborative networks and reference co-citation network maps. Results The search finally included 4227 related studies. Results show that the number of annual publications has been increasing gradually. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med (366) was the most productive journal, while Pain (2270/0.04) ranked first in terms of frequency and centrality of cited journals, respectively. Among countries/institutions, the China (1252) and the Kyung Hee University (228) ranked first. Lee MS (51 articles) was the most effective author while MacPherson H (577) was the most cited author. The most frequently cited reference was a systematic review of individual patient data on acupuncture for chronic pain (322). "Burden" was identified as a frontier research item for 2017-2020. Conclusion This study provides a new and in-depth understanding of current acupuncture used for the treatment of pain. We anticipate that this study will stimulate international cooperation among research teams to advance the field.

Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a promising treatment strategy for patients with peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play an important role in cellular stress during HIPEC treatment. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether paclitaxel can exert antitumor effects by inhibiting heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) expression during HIPEC treatment. Cell viability was detected by CCK8 assay. We used Western blot analysis to detect HSP27 expression under hyperthermia conditions with or without paclitaxel in SKOV3 cells. To further examine the role of HSP27 in the apoptosis, Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 protein expression were additionally determined after reducing HSP27 levels using an siRNA strategy, and apoptosis was detected using the Annexin V/PI assay. The upregulation of HSP27 expression was accompanied with a rise in temperature. In addition, HSP27 could promote Bcl-2 expression, inhibit Bax and Caspase-3 expression, reduce the Bax / Bcl-2 ratio markedly in SKOV3 cells. Furthermore, paclitaxel could upregulate the Bax / Bcl-2 ratio by inhibiting HSP27 expression, and in turn, promoting apoptosis due to hyperthermia. Paclitaxel could also promote apoptosis by inhibiting HSP27 in SKOV3 cells. Our results demonstrate a synergistic effect between paclitaxel and hyperthermia at the cellular level.

Neuroimaging technology is an important technology used to explore the neural mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia. In this study, we extracted original studies published in Chinese and English focusing on the use of neuroimaging technology to explore the mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia from PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, Web of Science, and CNKI databases from January 1999 to August 2020. The extracted data were statistically analyzed in terms of year of publication, country, experimental design, and quality control approaches used, sample size, characteristics of participants, acupuncture operation, and other information. Analysis of the literature revealed that international cooperation promotes scientific research. Flexible experimental design can better explain the mechanism of acupuncture analgesia. Reasonable sample size, strict participant inclusion criteria, and standard acupuncture practices are essential for repeatability of conclusions. These findings show that attention should be paid to quality control in future research to improve the reliability of research on acupuncture analgesia.

In this paper, a continuous wave (CW) low-voltage fundamental harmonic W-band gyrotron has been designed and simulated with the help of a particle-in-cell (PIC) software CHIPIC. The output power of 33.4 kW with an electron efficiency 37.1% in the PIC simulation is obtained by the designed conventional gyrotron employing a 30-kV, 3-A electron beam which is produced by a triode magnetron injection gun. In addition, a high-power capacity collector being one of the key components of CW gyrotrons has been evaluated and tested. The peak power density on the collector wall using the spreading electron system is about 390 ${\rm W}/{\rm cm}^{2}$ in the hot test. The CW output power of 15.8 kW is achieved with the condition of a 29-kV, 1.8-A electron beam in the hot-test experiment of the designed prototype.

Numerous estuaries of the world have been strongly modified by human activities. These interferences can make great adjustments of not only sediment transport processes, but also the collective behavior of the estuary. This paper provides a typical case of a heavily modified coastal plain estuary of Sheyang on the China coast, where a sluice barrage was built in 1956 to stop the intrusions of storm surges and saline water. Four sets of instrumented tripods were simultaneously deployed along a cross-shore transect to continuously observe near-bed flow currents and sediment transport. The in-situ surveys lasted over a spring and neap tide cycle when a strong wind event occurred in the neap tide. Comparisons of flows and sediment transport between tide-dominated and wind-dominated conditions demonstrated the important role of episodic wind events in flows and sediment transport. The wind-induced currents, bottom stresses, and sediment transport rates were significantly greater when wind was present than corresponding quantities induced by the tides. The long-shore sediment transport induced by winds exceeds the cross-shore component, especially near the river mouth bar. These results indicate the noticeable importance of wave-dominated coastal processes in shaping topographic features. A regime shift of estuarine evolution under highly intense human forcing occurs from fluvial to marine processes. This finding suggests that the management strategy of the estuarine system should focus on the restoration of estuarine processes, rather than the present focus on inhibition of marine dynamics.

We reported a novel mono-β-cyclodextrin derivative, mono-6-deoxy-6-biguanidino-β-cyclodextrin ( β-biGCD ), which was investigated as a mimic of ADP/ATP carrier (AAC). Its affinity toward AMP, ADP, and ATP was evaluated by means of isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). The association constants ( K a ) of β-biGCD binding to AMP, ADP, and ATP were determined to be (1.07±0.04)×10 6 , (5.86±0.02)×10 6 , and (4.33±0.06)×10 6 L mol −1 , respectively, which were 100-fold higher than mono-guanidino-β-cyclodextrin (ca. 10 4 L mol −1 ). UV spectroscopic titrations further confirmed the above results. The interaction between β-biGCD and nucleotides was probed by docking simulation. These results reveal that the biguanidinium moiety mimics the arginine residues of mitochondrial AAC protein.

A β-cyclodextrin derivative (AnCD) with the diamino anthracene was presented and studied, which can distinguish AMP from ADP and ATP via fluorescence titration.

A pulse prototype of a W-band TE01 mode gyrotron traveling-wave tube (gyro-TWT) amplifier is designed, and it features high gain and broadband capabilities. The TE01 mode input coupler is constructed by mounting a sapphire pill-box window onto a Y-type mode converter. The high power output window will employ a triple-sapphire-disc configuration to achieve return loss lower than -30 dB over a bandwidth of 8 GHz. To suppress the spurious oscillations and realize high-average power potential, a new lossy ceramic material with weak electric conductivity is loaded in the TE01 mode cylindrical interaction waveguide. The loss-free output taper is carefully optimized to suppress oscillations and maintain broadband amplification. Employing a magnetic injection gun of beam voltage 70 kV, beam current 3 A, pitch factor 1.5, and axial-velocity spread 5%, theoretical investigation predicts that the gyro-TWT amplifier is of excellent performance, which includes being driven to saturation with input power Pin

To explore the effect of Shuxuetong injection on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of warfarin in rats, and to provide reference for rational drug use. In studies on the single dose of warfarin, Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups： blank control group(group A), Shuxuetong injection group(group B), warfarin control group(group C), and warfarin+Shuxuetong injection group(group D). In studies on the steady state of warfarin, Wistar rats were randomly divided into warfarin control group(group E) and warfarin+Shuxuetong injection group(group F). To investigate the pharmacodynamic effect of Shuxuetong injection on warfarin, prothrombin time(PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT) were measured by coagulation analyzer, and international normalized ratio(INR) was calculated. To investigate the pharmacokinetic effect of Shuxuetong injection on warfarin, the blood concentrations of S-warfarin and R-warfarin were determined by UPLC-MS/MS combined with technology of chiral chromatographic column, and the related pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated accordingly. The results on the single dose of warfarin showed that Shuxuetong injection markedly increased PT, INR(P0.01), and APTT(P0.05). Meanwhile, when Shuxuetong injection was co-administrated with warfarin, it significantly increased PT, INR(P0.01), and APTT(P0.05) as compared with warfarin control group. In addition, increased pharmacokinetic parameters including Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞, prolonged t1/2, and decreased CL/F were observed for S-warfarin and R-warfarin. The results of the steady state of warfarin suggested that Shuxuetong injection significantly increased PT and INR of warfarin(P0.01), and elevated the plasma concentrations of S-warfarin and R-warfarin when co-administrated with warfarin. These findings indicated that Shuxuetong injection had anticoagulant effect, and would produce pharmacodynamics synergistic action when it was co-administrated with warfarin. Shuxuetong injection also decelerated the metabolism of warfarin, and resulted in pharmacokinetics interaction. Therefore, Shuxuetong injection could significantly increase anticoagulant effect of warfarin, indicating that the combination use of these two drugs should be refrained in order to avoid the risk of bleeding in clinical application. If they need to be used in combination, special attention should be paid to ensure the safety of patients.

Mobile agent (MA) is an offspring of distributed technology combined with agent technology and it is a intelligent agent with mobility. So it has good application potential in distributed network. The appearance and characteristics of mobile agent are presented, and then three standards and criterion related to the mobile agent are summarized. Five representational mobile agent platform (MAP) are discussed and their communication paradigm and structure, providing service and characteristics are compared. Finally, the application potential, deficiencies of current research and the possible trend of mobile agent technology (MAT) are discussed.

The effect of processing parameters on the flow response and microstructural evolution of the α+β titanium alloy Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si has been studied by conducting isothermal hot compressive tests at a strain rate of 0.01–10 s−1 at 860–1100°C. The true stress-true strain curves of the sample hot-compressed in the α+β phase region exhibit a peak stress followed by continuous flow softening, whereas in the β region, the flow stress attains a steady-state regime. At a strain rate of 10 s−1, the alloy exhibits plastic flow instabilities. According to the kinetic rate equation, the apparent activation energies are estimated to be about 674–705 kJ/mol in the α+β region and 308–335 kJ/mol in the β region, respectively. When deformed in the α+β region, the globularization process of the α colony structure occurs, and α dynamic recrystallized microstructures are observed to show bimodal. Dynamic recrystallization can take place in the β region irrespective of starting deformed structures.

The characteristics of hot deformation of an α+β titanium alloy Ti-6.5Al-3.5Mo-1.5Zr-0.3Si with acicular microstructure were studied using isothermal hot compressive tests in a strain rate range of 0.01–10 s−1 at 860–1 100 °C. The true stress-true strain curves of alloy hot-compressed in the α+β region exhibit a peak stress followed by continuous flow softening; whereas in the β region, the flow stress attains a steady-state regime. At a strain rate of 10 s−1 and in a wide temperature range, the alloy exhibits plastic flow instability. According to the kinetic rate equation, the apparent activation energies are estimated to be about 633 kJ/mol in the α+β region and 281 kJ/mol in the β region, respectively. The processing maps show a domain of the globularization process of α colony structure and α dynamic recrystallization in the temperature range of 860–960 °C with a peak efficiency of about 60%, and a domain of β dynamic recrystallization in the β region with a peak efficiency of 80%.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of radiotherapy plus recombinant human endostatin (RH-endostatin) on esophageal cancer and its mechanism.MethodsA total of 50 nudemice were equally randomized into control group, radiotherapy group, and combined therapy group I, II, and III after inoculating with Eca109 cell suspension (1 × 107 cells/mL). On the day of grouping, control group and radiotherapy group were injected normal saline, while radiotherapy group and 3 combined therapy groups received radiotherapy; besides, combined therapy group I, II, and III was injected RH-endostatin of 2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg respectively. After 3-week therapy, the tumors of each group were collected and microvessel density and VEGF expression in tumors were determined. In vitro, Eca109 cells were divided into control group, radiotherapy group, and combined therapy group. Forty-eight hours after treatment, cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate were detected, and the activity of VEGF signal paths was semiquantitatively analyzed.ResultsSince the 6th day of treatment, the relative tumor proliferation rate of combined therapy group II was lower than radiotherapy group (P

For the first time, the effect of pressure on proton-coupled electron-transfer reactions of two selected seven-coordinate FeIII/II(H2L)(H2O)2 systems [where H2L = 2,6-diacetylpyridine-bis(semicarbazone) and 2,6-diacetylpyridine-bis(semioxamazide), respectively] was examined. The acid-base equilibria of the different Fe(III/II) systems were investigated by spectrophotometric, potentiometric, and electrochemical titrations. On the basis of the obtained species distributions, the pH intervals in which the different protonated forms of the two studied systems exist were defined. In different pH ranges, a different number of protons (from 0 to 3 protons per electron) can be transferred during the redox process, which affects the change in the overall charge on the complexes. For all the different protonation forms of the studied complexes, the change in the redox potentials with pressure was measured and the redox reaction volume was obtained by high-pressure cyclic voltammetry. The results show that in the case of proton-coupled electron transfer, the reaction volume for the neutralization of protons contributes to the overall reaction volume. A linear correlation between Deltaz2 (change in the square of the charge) and the overall reaction volume of the complexes upon reduction, DeltaVcomplex0, was found. The average value of the intrinsic volume change for the selected seven-coordinate iron complexes was estimated from the intercept of the plot of DeltaVcomplex0 versus Deltaz2 to be 9.2 +/- 0.7 cm3 mol(-1). For the combined redox and protonation processes, the data are discussed in terms of linear correlations between Deltaz2 and the redox and neutralization reaction volumes reported in the literature.

The reaction of Ag2O and carboxylate ligands in ammonium solution results in three coordination polymers, [Ag(fbc)]n 1, [Ag2(cpd)]n 2 and [Ag2(idc)]n 3, where fbcH is 4-fluorobenzoic acid, cpdH2 is cyclopentane-1,1-dicarboxylic acid and idcH2 is iminodiacetic acid. The X-ray crystal structural analysis indicates that compounds 1 and 2 are two-dimensional frameworks and 3 is a three-dimensional framework. All the three complexes show clear Ag–Ag bonds and high cytotoxicity properties to normal cells and carcinoma cells.

Two coordination polymers [Ag(dach)]n(NO3)n (1) and [Ag(teda)(F3CSO3)]n (2) (dach = 1, 2-diaminocyclohexane, teda = 1, 4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane) have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray single crystal analysis and cytotoxicity investigation. Compound 1 has a one-dimensional chain-like structure which is extended by ligand unsupported Ag···Ag interactions, hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bonds into a three-dimensional supramolecular array while compound 2 shows three-dimensional diamond-like framework constructed by coordination bonds. The high cytotoxities of these two compounds imply that they are potential candidates for antitumor agents. Synthesen, Kristallstrukturen und zytotoxische Prufung von zwei kettenartigen und diamantstrukturartigen Silber(I)-Komplexen Zwei Koordinationspolymere [Ag(dach)]n(NO3)n (1) und [Ag(teda)(F3CSO3)]n (2) (dach = 1, 2-Diaminocyclohexan, teda = 1, 4-Ddiazabicyclo[2.2.2]octan) wurden synthetisiert und durch Einkristallrontgenstrukturanalyse sowie zytotoxische Prufung charakterisiert. Verbindung 1 hat eine kettenartige Struktur, die durch ligandenfreie Ag···Ag-Wechselwirkungen, hydrophobe Wechselwirkung und Wasserstoffbruckenbindungen zu dreidimensionaler, supramolekularer Anordnung fuhrt, wahrend 2 ein dreidimensionales, diamantstrukturartiges Gerust mit koordinativen Bindungen hat. Die hohe Zytotoxizitat dieser zwei Verbindungen weist sie als mogliche Antitumorreagenzien aus.

Using three nonlinear dicarboxylates, isophthalate (ipa), 4,4'-oxybis(benzoate) (oba), and ethylenedi(4-oxybenzoate) (eoba), we have prepared five neutral infinite copper(II) dicarboxylate coordination polymers containing lateral aromatic chelate ligands, namely [Cu(ipa)(2,2'-bpy)]n.2nH2O (1), [Cu2(ipa)2(phen)2H2O]n (2), [Cu(oba)(phen)]n (3), [Cu(oba)(2,2'-bpy)]n (4), and [Cu(eoba)(phen)]n (5; 2,2'-bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) by hydrothermal synthesis. X-ray single-crystal structural analyses of these complexes reveal that the nonlinear flexible or V-shaped dicarboxylates can induce the helicity or flexuousity of the polymeric chains and aromatic chelate ligands are important in providing potential supramolecular recognition sites for pi-pi aromatic stacking interactions. An appropriate combination of the bridging dicarboxylate and aromatic chelate can induce a pair of single-stranded helical or flexuous chains to generate a double-stranded helix or molecular zipper through supramolecular interactions, respectively.

Three polymeric terbium(III) complexes of 4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid) (H2oba) have been hydrothermally synthesised with different metal∶carboxylate ratios or in the presence of an additional chelate ligand 2,2′-bipyridine (2,2′-bpy) and characterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In [Tb(oba)(Hoba)(H2O)2)·H2O, 1, the metal atoms are bridged by the oba/Hoba carboxylate groups into one-dimensional covalent chains, which are further interconnected by the oba ligands to produce a two-dimensional brick-wall network. In [Tb2(oba)3(H2O]4], 2, the metal atoms are bridged by the oba/Hoba carboxylate groups into one-dimensional covalent chains different from those in 1, which are further interconnected by the oba ligands to produce a two-dimensional condensed network. In the structure of [Tb2(oba)3(2,2′-bpy)2], 3, there are centrosymmetrical tetrakis(μ-carboxylate)-bridged Tb(III) dimeric structural subunits, which are interlinked by the oba ligands into a three-dimensional framework. The three compounds exhibit interesting photoluminescence at room temperature. The results show that different metal∶carboxylate ratios can influence the polymeric structures and that the presence of 2,2′-bpy ligand alters not only the topology of the framework from two-dimensional to three-dimensional, but also the photoluminescent properties in both intensity and lifetime.

Two new cadmium(II) complexes with phenylthiourea (PTU), namely Cd(PTU)4Cl2 (1) and [Cd2(NCS)2(μ2-SCN)2(PTU)2(μ2-PTU)2] n (2), have been prepared and characterized structurally by X-ray diffaction. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c, with a = 27.057(13), b = 8.108(3), c = 16.751(8) A, β = 114.46°, V = 3345(3) A3, Z = 4. Complex 2 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1, with a = 9.336(3), b = 14.686(5), c = 16.911(5) A, α = 71.36(2), β = 84.31(2), γ = 72.470(10)°, V = 2095.0(12) A3 Z = 4. The structural analysis shows that each metal atom in both the mononuclear complex 1 and polynuclear complex 2 is octahedrally coordinated by four sulfur atoms and two chloro ligands or two nitrogen atoms from the thiocyanate groups, respectively. The PTU ligand can serve as either a monodentate ligand or a μ2-bridging ligand upon coordination to a metal atom.

An organic face-to-face cyclodextrin dimer promotes the cleavage of bis(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate efficiently in neutral pH without the addition of metal. Both of the phosphate diester bonds can be cleaved.

To optimize the preparation technics of wumeitougu oral liquid (WTOL) by response surface methodology.Based on the single-factor tests, the times of WTOL extraction, alcohol precipitation concentration and pH value were selected as three factors for box-behnken central composite design. The response surface methodology was used to optimize the parameters of the preparation.Under the condition of extraction time 1.5 h, extraction times 2.772, the relative density 1.12, alcohol precipitation concentration 68.704%, and pH value 5.0, he theory highest content of Asperosaponin VI was up to 549.908 mg/L. Considering the actual situation, the conditions were amended to three extract times, alcohol precipitation concentration 69%, pH value 5.0, and the content of Dipsacaceae VI saponin examined was 548.63 mg/L which was closed to the theoretical value.The optimized preparation technics of WTOL by response surface methodology is reasonable and feasible.

Climate change has produced an effect on the balance between supply and demand of water resources. From the view of new institutional economics, the paper introduces a conceptual framework for adaptive management system of river basin water resources facing climate change. It describes the interaction of the water environment and human activity under the situation of climate change through the PSR (pressure-stress-response) model, and seeks for the approach to multistakeholder seamless cooperation in order to achieve interest equilibrium and the sustainable development of nature, economy and society. At last, taking the Huai river basin as an example, a decision support system of adaptive management of water resources is set up.

In maneuvering target tracking, since target's maneuvering capability has greatly increased, it is more difficult to describe and found the target's movement model. Now, variable structure multiple model (VSMM) algorithm is an effective method for strong maneuvering target tracking. Based on fuzzy control theory, it is proposed that a likely model set with system noise fuzzy adaptation (FNA-LMS) algorithm using two-dimensional fuzzy controller. The system noise of each model in VSMM algorithm is adjusted by self adaptation. Monte Carlo simulation comparison shows that FNA-LMS algorithm has better performance in tracking accuracy and computing efficiency than basic likely model set algorithm. Also it is convenient for application.

The reactions of seven-coordinate [Fe(III)(dapsox)(H(2)O)(2)]ClO(4).H(2)O (1), [Fe(II)(H(2)dapsox)(H(2)O)(2)](NO(3))(2).H(2)O (2), and [Mn(II)(H(2)dapsox)(CH(3)OH)(H(2)O)](ClO4)2(H2O) (3) complexes of the acyclic and rigid pentadentate H(2)dapsox ligand [H2dapsox = 2,6-diacetylpyridinebis(semioxamazide)] with superoxide have been studied spectrophotometrically, electrochemically, and by a submillisecond mixing UV/vis stopped-flow in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The same studies were performed on the seven-coordinate [Mn(II)(Me(2)[15]pyridinaneN(5))(H(2)O)(2)]Cl(2).H(2)O (4) complex with the flexible macrocyclic Me(2)[15]pyridinaneN(5) ligand (Me(2)[15]pyridinaneN(5) = trans-2,13-dimethyl-3,6,9,12,18-pentaazabicyclo[12.3.1]octadeca-1(18),14,16-triene), which belongs to the class of proven superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetics. The X-ray crystal structures of 2-4 were determined. All complexes possess pentagonal-bipyramidal geometry with the pentadentate ligand in the equatorial plane and solvent molecules in the axial positions. The stopped-flow experiments in DMSO (0.06% of water) reveal that all four metal complexes catalyze the fast disproportionation of superoxide under the applied experimental conditions, and the catalytic rate constants are found to be (3.7 +/- 0.5) x 10(6), (3.9 +/- 0.5) x 10(6), (1.2 +/- 0.3) x 10(7), and (5.3 +/- 0.8) x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1) for 1-4, respectively. The cytochrome c McCord-Fridovich (McCF) assay in an aqueous solution at pH = 7.8 resulted in the IC(50) values (and corresponding kMcCF constants) for 3 and 4, 0.013 +/- 0.001 microM (1.9 +/- 0.2 x 10(8) M(-1) s(-1)) and 0.024 +/- 0.001 microM (1.1 +/- 0.3 x 10(8) M(-1) s(-1)), respectively. IC(50) values from a nitroblue tetrazolium assay are found to be 6.45 +/- 0.02 and 1.36 +/- 0.03 microM for 1 and 4, respectively. The data have been compared with those obtained by direct stopped-flow measurements and discussed in terms of the side reactions that occur under the conditions of indirect assays.

In the solid state, interlocking of the lateral phen ligands at the acute angle sites of the molecular [Cu2(bpa)2-(phen)2(H2O)]2 rhombi via aromatic pi-pi stacking interactions into the cavities of the adjacent rhombi generates laminated polyrotaxanes that are further assembled into a 3D network via similar interactions between the phen ligands at the obtuse angle sites.